In current China, there is “double-sided person” in university teachers. This phenomenon is seriously threatening the development of universities and national undertakings. Therefore, this phenomenon must be effectively addressed. Recently, this phenomenon has received some attention from the academic community and become a hot theoretical theme. Meanwhile, many achievements has been achieved regarding this theme. However, further research are needed on it. Thus, the article conducts research on it from the perspective of materialist philosophy and psychology. From the perspective of materialist philosophy and psychology, this article mainly focuses on the main manifestations, causes, and countermeasures of “double-sided person” in current China’s university teachers. It summarizes the specific manifestations of “double-sided person” above-mentioned, analyzes why it formed and exists, and proposes some practical and effective countermeasures for it. Firstly, the main manifestation of “double-sided person” in current China’s university teachers is that a minority of them are verbally consistent with the theories, lines, guidelines, and strategies of China’s top administrative department, but their actual behavior is inconsistent with those above-mentioned. Then, from the perspective of materialist philosophy, the causes of “double-sided person” above-mentioned are as follows. The internal reason is that the thought qualities of a minority of university teachers are not strong enough. The external reason is that the relevant appointment, assessment, and supervision mechanisms of university teachers are not sound. From the perspective of psychology, the causes are personality distortion caused by cognitive dissonance, personality fission in motivational conflict dilemma, impression manipulation and negative effects of character labels, the accumulation of “mode personality” and the psychological disorder of “marginal individuals”. Last, the main countermeasures are as follows: First, improving the appointment and assessment mechanism of university teachers. Second, strengthening the daily supervision mechanism for university teachers. Third, strengthening the management of university teachers through the legal measures. Fourth, strengthening thought education for university teachers. Fifth, strengthening the governance of cyberspace related to university teachers. Sixth, establishing a unit alliance to address “double-sided person”.