Main Business Research Articles

Comparative Financial Analysis of Listed Tourism Companies in the Post-Epidemic Era

On December 7, 2022, the State Council grandly promotes 10 anti-epidemic policies, announcing the beginning of the full liberalization of China's 3-year epidemic. Since then the country has entered the post epidemic era, people have regained their freedom and started to come out of their homes, and the tourism industry is gradually recovering. From the perspective of financial management, this paper selects three tourism listed companies, namely, China Youth Travel Service (CYTS), which takes travel agency as its traditional core business, Huangshan Tourism Development Co., Ltd. which relies on tourist attractions as its main business, and Shanghai Jinjiang International Hotel Co., Ltd. which is a leading listed company in China's hotels and catering industry, to conduct a comparative analysis of their financial status in the past five years by using DuPont analysis and to reveal the main influencing factors of the changes in ROE, so as to provide a reference for the future development of the industry.

Implementing Industry 4.0: An In-Depth Case Study Integrating Digitalisation and Modelling for Decision Support System Applications

The scientific community has shown considerable interest in Industry 4.0 due to its capacity to revolutionise the manufacturing sector through digitalisation and data-driven decision-making. However, the actual implementation of Industry 4.0 within complex industrial settings presents obstacles that are typically beyond the scope of mainstream research articles. In this paper, a comprehensive case-study detailing our collaborative partnership with a leading medical device manufacturer is presented. The study traces its evolution from a state of limited digitalisation to the development of a digital intelligence platform that leverages data and machine learning models to enhance operations across a wide range of critical machines and assets. The main business objective was to enhance the energy efficiency of the manufacturing process, thereby improving its sustainability measures while also saving costs. The project encompasses energy modelling and analytics, Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD), renewable energy integration and advanced visualisation tools. Together, these components enable informed decision making in the context of energy efficiency.

Extension Program on the Utilization of Cow Urine Waste into Biourine with the Addition of Pineapple Peel Bioactivator in Sumberpitu Village, Pasuruan Regency

Agriculture is one of the main business sectors used as the livelihood of the people of Sumberpitu village with dairy farming as an accompanying business unit. However, from the existing potential, there are several problems such as steps and expensive inorganic fertilizers. From the results of deepening the problem through interviews, it shows that farmers in Sumberpitu Village do not have any knowledge and skills to use cow urine as liquid organic fertilizer in their farming business. The purpose of this study is to conduct extension program on the use of cow urine waste as biourine with the addition of pineapple skin bioactivators and analyze behavior changes in aspects of knowledge, attitudes and skills of farmers in Sumberpitu village. The research method used in this study is the Level III action research method. The evaluation results show that extension services can increase farmers' knowledge from a percentage of pre-test scores of 50% to 82% in post-test scores, which can be categorized as very high. In the aspect of attitude, the percentage of pre-test scores of 48% increased to 76% in post-test scores and was included in the high category so as to show a positive attitude towards the extension program material delivered. While in the aspect of presentation skills, the post test score is 83%, which can be categorized as “very high”. These results show that the extension program provided has proven effective in changing farmer behavior in increasing knowledge and attitudes as well as developing farmers' skills in utilizing cow urine waste as biourine with the addition of pineapple peel as a bioactivator.

Side Business Contributions (Trigona Bee Farming) and The Main Business for Household Income

Trigona bee farming business as a side business for members of the Tribona Reborn farmer group as an effort to increase family household income, until now it is not known how much the value of its contribution to household income is. The aim of this study was to see how much the contribution of the main and side business income of Trigona sp. honey bee farming. to the household income of the Trigona Reborn farmer group. The research was carried out from June to August 2021 in South Sangatta Village. Sampling using saturated sampling. The data analysis method used is descriptive quantitative using the income analysis formula, the level of profit and income contribution. The total income of Trigona sp. as much as Rp. 103,042,600, with an average of Rp. 9,367,509. The percentage of revenue contribution from Trigona sp.'s side business, main income, and other side income is 8.7% (low); 80.1% (high); and 11.2% (low). Even though it makes a low contribution to total income, it can be an alternative as an additional business and fill free time for breeders in between their daily activities. It is hoped that the side business of Trigona sp. continues to grow, to help contribute to the family income of farmer group members.

SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PROSES BISNIS JOB ORDER PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA

Accounting information systems are very important for newly established micro start-ups. Especially operational standards for main business processes. This can help start-ups carry out their business processes in a structured, orderly, controlled, and standardized manner. This applied research discusses the preparation of job order procedures that can be applied to a micro start-up business in production house services. This research aims to create accounting information systems and organize a simple job order transaction workflow with robust internal control. Procedures are prepared narratively and in flowchart form for each job order type transaction that occurs by applying the principles of effective and efficient internal control. This research method is descriptive qualitative. It can be concluded that micro start-up businesses need to have job order procedures in the form of written narratives or the form of flowcharts and also bookkeeping, which contain elements of an internal control system to adapt to the limited resources available in this micro start-up business. Keywords: Accounting Information System, Job Order, Business Process

Place Attachment On Kayutangan Cultural-Heritage Area As Sustainable Public Space

Reserving heritage areas has become a topic that has been discussed very frequently in recent years. What is interesting about preserving heritage areas is the active interaction that connects tangible and intangible elements. This active interaction is usually called place attachment. In the revitalization of the Kayutangan area, the government's efforts to revive the area with the concept of a heritage area are closely related to the attachment that local communities have to their place of life. Therefore, this research was conducted to find out, evaluate, and understand how places are attached to the Kayutangan area as a cultural heritage area. The research was conducted using descriptive and qualitative evaluative methods by conducting field observations and literature studies. The data obtained was evaluated using an analysis unit to see the qualifications that the Kayutangan area must fulfill as a public cultural heritage area. The results obtained from this research are the lack of cultural heritage public space elements in areas such as local architecture, the dominance of the main business in adaptive reuse buildings, authentic experiences, the lack of facilities that show gender equality and attention to the disabled community, resulting in no sense of loss. of justice, and a sense of mission in showing the attachment of local residents to their living area. The results of the research contribute to knowing how the results of Kayutangan revitalization are progressing and serve as input for evaluation in the future development of the area

SMART HALAL SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE: INDONESIA FISHERY PORTS SUSTAINABLE

Performance plays a crucial role in a company's survival, as it determines its success rate. We conducted this research to design performance measurements for a retail business in Fish Landing Ports, utilizing the Halal Supply Chain Operation Reference. This approach aims to gauge the current value of the company's performance and offer recommendations for potential improvements. Until now, the company has not conducted performance measurement across all its business process networks, focusing solely on product sales and profit value. Therefore, the company conducted research using the SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) method based on Islamic values, with the expectation of measuring supply chain performance more objectively and in detail to create competitive advantages. We use the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method to assign weights to each criterion in the SCOR design. The supply chain performance measurement design yields its results. We obtain 22 metrics, five of which are based on Islamic values and categorised into five main business processes: plan, source, make, deliver, and return, drawing on literature and expert opinions for guidance. We carry out the assessment using a normalisation process to equalise the scale of values on each metric. The performance measurement results are very satisfactory, with a value of 91.713144. However, four metrics still have low values, indicating the need for improvement proposals. Furthermore, the plan has the highest weight of 0.42, followed by deliver, source, and return, all of which have weights of 0.22, 0.22, and 0.14 respectively.

Research on the Effect of Organizational Culture of Chinese Youth Entrepreneurial Enterprises on Innovation Performance - Focusing on the mediating effect of organizational learning

In the era of knowledge economy, market competition is constantly changing, and enterprises are developing rapidly in China. With the strong support of the Chinese government for innovation and entrepreneurial activities, the entrepreneurial development situation is optimistic,especially as the main business enterprises to enter the stage of rapid development of youth entrepreneurship.However, while having opportunities, we can also see that the global economic competition environment is complex.Chinese youth entrepreneurs still need to improve their competitiveness and promote the development of innovative technologies. It is necessary for employees to continuously absorb knowledge culture and update their innovative technologies. This paper mainly studies the relationship between organizational culture, organizational learning and innovation performance of young entrepreneurs. 302 questionnaires were collected from Chinese entrepreneurial enterprises, and we uses SPSS and AMOS to analyze organizational culture, organizational learning and innovation performance, and shows the organizational culture affects innovation performance through organizational learning. Finally, in order to make a good organizational culture, enterprises need to continuously update their knowledge,improve the soft power of enterprises, to cope with the changing market environment, enhance the creativity of enterprises and their innovation performance.

Бізнес-процеси як об’єкт управління діяльністю сучасних підприємницьких структур

Based on the systematization and generalization of scientific publications, the content characteristics of functional and process models of management are determined. It is established that the process model of management was formed in the conditions of the post-industrial period of economic relations development. The main factor in its formation was the introduction of automated and integrated management systems in the conditions of innovative development. A modern enterprise is considered as a set of business processes that consistently form a chain of added value creation. Management tasks in the field of business process management involve the formation of a system of main and auxiliary business processes, determination of their functions and relationships, standardization of the content and sequence of operations, ensuring interaction and control of efficiency.

BUSTING THE GST IMPACT MYTH: PAIRED STUDY ON PRE AND POST DURATION KEY FINANCIAL PARAMETERS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR

Goods and Services Tax was introduced in Indian in the mid of the year 2017. It was a markedly major event for the economy as a whole and subsequently all business sectors and firms operating within them. Trying to understand the impact of this taxation overhaul on different industry is key to evaluating its outcomes and the road ahead. In this study a Pre and Post GST analysis of pharmaceutical industry is carried out. Four main financial metrics are taken as variables and paired test were run to check the alternative hypotheses. It was found by a huge margin that there is no significant effect of implementation of GST on the main business vitals of the selected top 5 companies. The trends in sales, operating profit, OPM and NPM seems to be clearly unaffected over those 10 years that included the pre and post duration.

BUM Desa Bersama: Strategi Transformasi Pengelola Kegiatan DBM Eks PNPM Mandiri Pedesaan

The aim of this article is to analyze the transformation strategy of the community revolving funds ex national program for rural independent community empowerment (DBM Ex PNPM MPd) into a joint village-owned enterprises (BUM Desa Bersama). The research method in this article is qualitative descriptive research. Data collection was carried out by interviews, observation and documentation. The transformation strategy for the DBM Ex PNPM MPd Program into a BUM Desa Bersama is carried out by (1) Transferring assets, by means of capital participation sourced from 25 villages in Kanor District and sourced from the DBM Ex PNPM MPd. (2) Institutional Transfer, the transfer of a government poverty alleviation and empowerment program, namely UPK Ex PNPM MPd, to a community-owned business entity that has a legal entity and aims to overcome poverty by empowering the community or also called BUM Desa Bersama. (3) Transfer of Personnel by forming a joint BUM Desa organizational structure involving the DBM Ex PNPM MPd Activity Manager by considering the suitability of organizational needs and good governance practices. (4) Transfer of business activities, Community Revolving Fund (DBM) / savings and loan business activities which are UPK DBM Ex PNPM MPd business activities to become the main business activities of the joint BUM Desa Bersama. Apart from that, it also develops other businesses such as the establishment of a PT LKM and participation in the BPJS Employment shield agent.

Political culture and attitudes of economic elites: explaining the Chilean business community’s rejection to constitutional change

AbstractIn contexts of institutional crisis, conflicts arise in which different pressure groups try to maximize their influence, seeking to adjust a political reality in line with their own interest. This article analyzes the changes in the attitudes of economic elites regarding the process of drafting of a new Constitution in Chile. Based on the literature on the political culture of entrepreneurs, the research hypothesis posed in this study suggests the existence of a widespread conservative attitude within this social group regarding a change in institutional rules. This mainly relates to the perception that a new Constitution in Chile could threaten its predominant place in the distribution of economic and political power. The results obtained after analyzing in-depth interviews with presidents or vice presidents of the main business organizations in the country show changing positions throughout the different stages of the constituent process. Even though some attitudinal changes towards an adaptation become visible, what ultimately prevails is an unmitigated rejection of the constituent process. These findings clearly suggest a return to the initial stances of most entrepreneurs, something that also happened in the elite examined as well as in the rest of Chilean society. Thus, one can speak about a sort of “boomerang effect”: the attitudes of rejection have once again dominated the space of discursive expression where the pressure exerted by public opinion seemed to pave the way for a certain reformism or a transforming reaction. This evidence confirms a disconnection found in the literature which reveals the dynamic nature of short-term attitudes linked to each specific situation, albeit with more stable values and positions specific to the political culture which exist on a more persistent basis.

Natural resource governance and strategic economic resources: The perspective of Indonesia Raya Incorporated

The study aims to identify and describe the theory of economic development according to the thinking of Indonesia Raya Incorporated (IRI) in managing the interest of natural resources included in strategic economic resources. This study used a qualitative method through a grounded theory approach with constructivism and criticism as the interpretation approach. The data collected through the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) technique was processed using a componential analysis approach. The study results reveal the content of the main variables of economic development, namely the role and function of the government and state enterprises, namely State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) and Regional-Owned Enterprises (ROEs), related to the potential of managing natural resources and other strategic economic resources which are determinants of the economic strata of population or for improving the welfare of the people. These novel findings highlights the significance of natural resource governance and strategic economy, namely the IRI’s perspective on economic development. The theory and conception contribute to deepening knowledge previously proposed in IRI and Murakabi economics. So, this knowledge has implications for natural resources management practices by the government and corporate strategies within the body of SOEs and ROEs in Indonesia and the global world. This includes the possibility of strategies for national and multinational private companies whose main business positions are based on natural resources and strategic economics.

Heavy Metals in Common Fishes Consumed in Dhaka, a Megacity of Asia: A Probabilistic Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Health Hazard.

Heavy metal contamination of fish is a serious public health concern worldwide, including in Bangladesh. In this study, six commonly consumed fish species namely Hilsha (Tenualosa ilisha), Kachki (Corica soborna), Punti (Puntitus ticto), Taki (Channa punctatus), Meni (Nandus nandus), and Tengra (Mystus tengara) were analyzed for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni), by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The fish samples were collected from wholesale markets in Dhaka city, the main business hub of Bangladesh where the fishes converged from countrywide and are redistributed to the whole city. The metal concentration varied among the studied fish species. Hilsha, the national fish of Bangladesh, contained the highest As among the other fishes of this study, whereas Zn, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni were the highest in Kachki, and Pb and Cr were the highest in Tengra. The probable source of metal accumulation in the fish species may be the river or marine water that can be contaminated by industrial waste, pesticide, and/or fertilizer use in agriculture and/or commercial fish feeds. All analyzed fish species showed serious heavy metal pollution, having high average pollution load index (APLI) values (> 1). The estimated daily intake (EDI) values for the metals were lower than the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI). The hazard index (HI) for all the fish species was above 1 for adults, showing non-carcinogenic health risks. The targetcarcinogenic risk (TCR) values were below the acceptable limit (10-4) for most of the metals, indicating safe for consumption with respect to the risk of cancer.

Addressing Wicked Problems (SDGs) Through Community Colleges: Leveraging Entrepreneurial Leadership for Economic Development Post-COVID

AbstractThis qualitative case study aims to explore community colleges’ role in addressing wicked problems of economic development post-COVID through entrepreneurial leadership. The key research question is, “How do entrepreneurial leaders describe the role of community colleges in addressing wicked problems of economic development post-COVID.” The study interviewed 28 entrepreneurial leaders regarding the role(s) of community colleges in addressing wicked problems of economic development. The study addresses a critical gap in the literature. Researchers have yet to explore the role of associate degree-granting institutions, namely community colleges. Notably, the over 1200 U.S. community colleges serve nearly 12 million or half of America’s students (American Association of Community Colleges, 2011). From a theoretical perspective, the study leverages complexity science, complex adaptive systems, and systemic innovation to address wicked problems of economic development. Future researchers can build on these theoretical insights for future studies across many disciplines.The results provide ten key roles community colleges can potentially take on as economic development partners, making them ideal institutions to serve as incubators of post-COVID recovery. They include revitalizing communities post-COVID, performing post-COVID business triage, modeling sustainability, creating jobs, championing entrepreneurship-led economic development, increasing tax revenue, pipelining talent, supporting talent retention, supporting main street businesses, and reducing entrepreneurial risks. Researchers recommend that policymakers and other funders allocate funding to help community colleges address wicked problems through systemic innovation labs (I-Labs). Interestingly, the roles identified appear to be moderated by proximity and trust.

ACCOUNTING OUTSOURCING: CONTENT AND NEW REALITIES

Purpose. The aim of the article is to review the scientific interpretation of the concept of “accounting outsourcing” and its application in business processes of companies. Methodology of research. The research was conducted using a dialectical approach to the study of the current state of accounting development. General scientific and special methods are used, in particular: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and generalization as methods of scientific knowledge applied to the development of the provisions of the theory and practice of accounting outsourcing in the system of documentary and informational support of the main business processes of companies, monographic – when studying literary sources on accounting issues; epistemological method – to clarify and deepen the content of the “accounting outsourcing” category; system and analytical – when processing the received information; abstract and logical method – for formulating research conclusions. Findings. It was determined that in the conditions of decentralization of the company's business processes, introduction and development of new business concepts, approaches to the accounting methodology are changing, and the need to use accounting outsourcing is increasing. It is substantiated that the delegation of accounting responsibilities to specialized companies helps to change the functioning of the company's management and in accounting, in particular. It was found that the result of the development of accounting outsourcing will be the optimization of the organizational structure and functional capabilities of accounting, including through staff reduction, modernization of accounting processes and accounting policies in general; strengthening requirements for professional skills of users. Originality. A review of literary sources was carried out to clarify the meaning of the concept of “accounting outsourcing”, which made it possible to offer the latest understanding of the external accounting support of the company's business processes for the optimization of decentralized management functions. Practical value. The obtained results of the research will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the formation and development of accounting outsourcing in modern conditions and will become the basis for further scientific developments in this field. Key words: accounting, accounting outsourcing, decentralization, business processes, specialized companies.

Enterprise Architecture Design Using TOGAF Adm at PT. Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia

Telecommunications company PT. Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia (INTI) has several main business lines, such as manufacturing and assembly, management services, digital services, and system integrators. The system integrator requires assistance from all business divisions to support its business activities, one of which is to assist the information technology function, which is responsible for information technology services. However, there are several obstacles that arise in the implementation of the information technology function, including data exchange that has not used the system optimally; lack of manpower; business process flow that is still less effective; and one business process that is still less effective and has not been supported by existing applications. The existing applications are not integrated. Thus, the right solution and in accordance with the needs must be generated through an enterprise architecture that can integrate information technology strategy with business strategy. TOGAF ADM is used to design enterprise architecture, which includes preliminary, architecture, and implementation phases.

Devising approaches to modeling enterprise business processes under conditions of modern digital technologies

A study was conducted on modeling business processes at an enterprise under the conditions of modern digital technologies, which could make it possible to determine the level of digitization at the enterprise in general, minimize costs, optimize work, and enable business processes automation. The main and most important business processes at an enterprise require simulation on basic digital technologies. As part of the research, the main business processes at an enterprise under the conditions of digital technologies were formed, which make it possible to determine the level of efficiency of the enterprise from the implemented digital technologies and the ways that the enterprise should implement to improve it. It has been established that digitalization has a positive effect on a country's GDP level, the level of employment, and the growth of the population's well-being. A methodical approach to the formation of the company's strategy based on the modeling of business processes, taking into account digital technologies, has been devised. This approach, unlike existing ones, makes it possible to determine the necessary level of digitization and identify the scope of implementation of the implementation of digital technologies at the enterprise. This makes it possible to assess digitization at an enterprise and determine the most important business processes for its operation. Practical implementation of the proposed methodology was carried out for four transport industry enterprises. The most important business processes for enterprises have been determined. According to the results of the study, it was found that digital modeling and optimization of business processes has the greatest impact, which is (3.00) and shows the level of effectiveness of the implementation of digital technologies, as well as their orientation to the search for appropriate sources of financial resources

Pengembangan Usaha Kelompok Pengolah Amplang Ikan Bandeng (Chanos Chanos) Mekar Jaya Di Kelurahan Sungai Parit Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara

This research aims to describe the problems and examine the development of the Mekar Jaya Milkfish Amplang Processing Group in Sungai Parit Village, North Penajam Paser Regency. This research was carried out from October 2022 to December 2023 in Sungai Parit Village. The sample consisted of 7 respondents using saturated sampling (census) and purposive sampling methods. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis methods and the theory of business development stages (Anoraga, 2007). The results of the research show that the problems faced by the Mekar Jaya Milkfish Amplang Processing Group consist of a lack of availability of milkfish raw materials, a lack of labor and increasing prices of raw materials such as oil and others. The development study takes the form of development stages (Anoraga, 2007) which include, Stage I to Stage III which explains the identification of business opportunities, business formulation to the selection of the milkfish amplang business as the main business and Stages IV to Stage V explain the implementation of the business to the evaluation of the amplang business milkfish. The role of BAZNAS and the Fisheries Service as stakeholders is to carry out business development for the Mekar Jaya Milkfish Amplang Processing Group which is divided into 4 development aspects, namely business capital, product production, product promotion and facilities and infrastructure.

PLANNING ANALYSIS OF SHEET PILE WHARF WITH PLAXIS SOFTWARE AT SPECIAL TERMINAL LAMPUNG

Special terminals are those that are located outside the Working Environment Area and the Interest Environment of the main business. Private companies with business licenses in Lampung Province want the construction of a special port or terminal. The efforts made are to analyze the planning of a special terminal wharf to serve the loading of commodity materials in the form of cement factory materials. A steel sheet pile is used as a structure on the Lampung Wharf. The purpose of this study is to determine the stability and optimality in the selection of sheet pile dimensions used by adjusting the soil conditions around the wharf. The analysis and modeling method using calculations of the Plaxis 8.2 software assistance will get the results of the analysis in the form of safety factor numbers and deformations. From the calculation and modeling of the Plaxis 8.2 software, the results of the deformation analysis are 1,29 mm and a safety factor of 1,7011. It can be concluded that the sheet pile and the selection of sheet pile dimensions used are considered safe. Keywords: port, wharf, sheet pile, Plaxis