Main Business Processes Research Articles

Evaluation of IT Service Level Infrastructure In Organizations Using ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library) Version 3 Standardization

The rapid development of business and advancements in information technology today are highly significant, especially in supporting the progress of ongoing businesses. Many businesses, particularly startups, make information technology the backbone supporting every main business process to achieve their business goals. Startups that operate 24/7 require sufficiently robust information technology, which must always be ready to provide the needed services to support the business. IT service assessment is an activity commonly carried out within an organization to eval_uate the level of information system services it possesses. An assessment, particularly an IT service assessment, can be conducted independently if the organization has adequate tools and is equipped with the correct standards. The eval_uation of information system services can be carried out using various standards, such as ITIL. In this research, the researcher will conduct an assessment using ITIL standards in the form of a website, which can serve as a tool. This website assessment application focuses on the domains of Service Management and Service Delivery, with the expectation that the services provided by PT Loyal.id will improve further.

SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PROSES BISNIS JOB ORDER PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA

Accounting information systems are very important for newly established micro start-ups. Especially operational standards for main business processes. This can help start-ups carry out their business processes in a structured, orderly, controlled, and standardized manner. This applied research discusses the preparation of job order procedures that can be applied to a micro start-up business in production house services. This research aims to create accounting information systems and organize a simple job order transaction workflow with robust internal control. Procedures are prepared narratively and in flowchart form for each job order type transaction that occurs by applying the principles of effective and efficient internal control. This research method is descriptive qualitative. It can be concluded that micro start-up businesses need to have job order procedures in the form of written narratives or the form of flowcharts and also bookkeeping, which contain elements of an internal control system to adapt to the limited resources available in this micro start-up business. Keywords: Accounting Information System, Job Order, Business Process

SMART HALAL SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE: INDONESIA FISHERY PORTS SUSTAINABLE

Performance plays a crucial role in a company's survival, as it determines its success rate. We conducted this research to design performance measurements for a retail business in Fish Landing Ports, utilizing the Halal Supply Chain Operation Reference. This approach aims to gauge the current value of the company's performance and offer recommendations for potential improvements. Until now, the company has not conducted performance measurement across all its business process networks, focusing solely on product sales and profit value. Therefore, the company conducted research using the SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) method based on Islamic values, with the expectation of measuring supply chain performance more objectively and in detail to create competitive advantages. We use the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method to assign weights to each criterion in the SCOR design. The supply chain performance measurement design yields its results. We obtain 22 metrics, five of which are based on Islamic values and categorised into five main business processes: plan, source, make, deliver, and return, drawing on literature and expert opinions for guidance. We carry out the assessment using a normalisation process to equalise the scale of values on each metric. The performance measurement results are very satisfactory, with a value of 91.713144. However, four metrics still have low values, indicating the need for improvement proposals. Furthermore, the plan has the highest weight of 0.42, followed by deliver, source, and return, all of which have weights of 0.22, 0.22, and 0.14 respectively.

Бізнес-процеси як об’єкт управління діяльністю сучасних підприємницьких структур

Based on the systematization and generalization of scientific publications, the content characteristics of functional and process models of management are determined. It is established that the process model of management was formed in the conditions of the post-industrial period of economic relations development. The main factor in its formation was the introduction of automated and integrated management systems in the conditions of innovative development. A modern enterprise is considered as a set of business processes that consistently form a chain of added value creation. Management tasks in the field of business process management involve the formation of a system of main and auxiliary business processes, determination of their functions and relationships, standardization of the content and sequence of operations, ensuring interaction and control of efficiency.

ACCOUNTING OUTSOURCING: CONTENT AND NEW REALITIES

Purpose. The aim of the article is to review the scientific interpretation of the concept of “accounting outsourcing” and its application in business processes of companies. Methodology of research. The research was conducted using a dialectical approach to the study of the current state of accounting development. General scientific and special methods are used, in particular: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and generalization as methods of scientific knowledge applied to the development of the provisions of the theory and practice of accounting outsourcing in the system of documentary and informational support of the main business processes of companies, monographic – when studying literary sources on accounting issues; epistemological method – to clarify and deepen the content of the “accounting outsourcing” category; system and analytical – when processing the received information; abstract and logical method – for formulating research conclusions. Findings. It was determined that in the conditions of decentralization of the company's business processes, introduction and development of new business concepts, approaches to the accounting methodology are changing, and the need to use accounting outsourcing is increasing. It is substantiated that the delegation of accounting responsibilities to specialized companies helps to change the functioning of the company's management and in accounting, in particular. It was found that the result of the development of accounting outsourcing will be the optimization of the organizational structure and functional capabilities of accounting, including through staff reduction, modernization of accounting processes and accounting policies in general; strengthening requirements for professional skills of users. Originality. A review of literary sources was carried out to clarify the meaning of the concept of “accounting outsourcing”, which made it possible to offer the latest understanding of the external accounting support of the company's business processes for the optimization of decentralized management functions. Practical value. The obtained results of the research will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the formation and development of accounting outsourcing in modern conditions and will become the basis for further scientific developments in this field. Key words: accounting, accounting outsourcing, decentralization, business processes, specialized companies.

Devising approaches to modeling enterprise business processes under conditions of modern digital technologies

A study was conducted on modeling business processes at an enterprise under the conditions of modern digital technologies, which could make it possible to determine the level of digitization at the enterprise in general, minimize costs, optimize work, and enable business processes automation. The main and most important business processes at an enterprise require simulation on basic digital technologies. As part of the research, the main business processes at an enterprise under the conditions of digital technologies were formed, which make it possible to determine the level of efficiency of the enterprise from the implemented digital technologies and the ways that the enterprise should implement to improve it. It has been established that digitalization has a positive effect on a country's GDP level, the level of employment, and the growth of the population's well-being. A methodical approach to the formation of the company's strategy based on the modeling of business processes, taking into account digital technologies, has been devised. This approach, unlike existing ones, makes it possible to determine the necessary level of digitization and identify the scope of implementation of the implementation of digital technologies at the enterprise. This makes it possible to assess digitization at an enterprise and determine the most important business processes for its operation. Practical implementation of the proposed methodology was carried out for four transport industry enterprises. The most important business processes for enterprises have been determined. According to the results of the study, it was found that digital modeling and optimization of business processes has the greatest impact, which is (3.00) and shows the level of effectiveness of the implementation of digital technologies, as well as their orientation to the search for appropriate sources of financial resources

Digital tools as a key element of human resource management technology in the conditions of digital transformation

Aim. To identify technological features of human resource management (HRM) in the conditions of digital transformation.Objectives. To describe the main directions of HRM technology transformation in modern conditions; to define the concept of "digital tools"; to systematize the digital tools used in modern conditions; to identify promising directions of using digital tools on the way of digital trans- formation.Methods. The authors used in the research process the methods of contextual analysis, modeling terms and models, induction and deduction, synthesis and description, applied methods of comparative, system and structural analysis.Results. The outcome of the digital transformation of business is a progressive process, which in the end will radically affect the functioning of personnel. In this regard, the concept of "digital tools" of HRM is defined, their relationship with HRM technologies is revealed. It is revealed what digital tools are most often used today in Russian companies, whether there is their classification by forms of application and whether digital tools affect the technological process of HRM. The peculiarity of applying HRM tools from the possible set of tools is its scientific substantiation on the one hand and the practice of its application on the other. The basis is the orientation on the solution of a certain problem faced by the company in the current period. In order to get an effective effect, it is necessary to refuse from haphazard ap- plication of tools. A technological process of HRM should be formed, which will be based on a clearly structured sequence of actions that are interchangeable. An important element that should be paid close attention to is the understanding that the new information reality will place increased demands on the competencies of personnel. The article emphasizes that the digital transformation of business should be carried out progressively, taking into account the timely mastering of new digital competencies by employees.Conclusions. The digital transformation of business taking place today launches new, previously unobserved processes that cover all spheres of functioning of real commercial enterprises. Business can get a new quality both in the aspect of formation of management decisions on an objec- tive basis and in the framework of HRM. In this regard, it is safe to say that we are waiting for a systemic restructuring of the main business processes and, as a consequence, the introduction of new HRM tools, on the basis of which it will be possible to design digital HRM technologies.

ANALISIS DAN RANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MONITORING PIUTANG PELANGGAN BISNIS MENGGUNAKAN WHATSAPP GATEWAY API

PT XYZ as a company engaged in the service sector has services for sending letters and packages on credit to partners who already have cooperation agreements. Every incoming shipment from partners will become receivable, then the company records each incoming receivable so that it is monitored so that partners do not pay receivables beyond the due date. Activities that support the management of receivables are reporting of each receivable to determine the amount and maturity of the receivable. The current accounts receivable management business process is still semi-computed, therefore it is necessary to have a special system that can manage accounts receivable activities properly so that they can be controlled from period to period by providing receivable notification features to partners.
 In this study, which is part of the development of a receivables information system, which is reflected in the financial rules regarding receivables. Research activities are carried out in the analysis phase and the information system design phase. Information system analysis uses Porter's value chain to describe ongoing activities and BPMN notation to model the main activity business processes. As for the design is done using an object-oriented approach. In designing this system, the tools used to describe processes and databases are designed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) which provides accounts receivable management features, notifications using Whatsapp chat media and accounts receivable reporting features.
 The output of the research is in the form of a report on the design of an information system for monitoring receivables using the Whatsapp Gateway API, software documents and research publications. The design of the information system built can make it easier for system developers to build management systems and monitor receivables at PT XYZ.

Диджиталізація бізнес-процесів ТОВ «Епіцентр К» як інструмент їх удосконалення

The article is devoted to the relevant topic of development and improvement of the enterprise’s business processes. The aim of the article is to study the practical aspects of improving business processes using the example of «Epicenter K» LLC through the implementation of digital technologies. It is clarified that there is a significant improvement in the field of business process classification. The article offers the author’s view of their division into development processes, main business processes, management processes and auxiliary business processes. The directions of development of the «Epicenter K» LLC group of companies within each of the groups were considered. The main business processes, which were improved by the company «Epicenter K» LLC, have been considered. The main methods of improvement and optimization of business processes of «Epicenter K» LLC have been determined. Examples of the use of modeling and description of business processes are provided: benchmarking, process engineering, and business process reengineering. It is determined that the main instrument for improving the business processes of «Epicenter K» LLC is their digitalization and digitization. It is clarified that the company is actively using digitalization to improve its business processes and to meet the needs of customers in both food and non-food products and services to the maximum extent. Examples of digitalization of business processes of «Epicenter K» LLC are provided: communications, trade process, work of employees of trade departments, document flow and production process. It is concluded that «Epicenter K» LLC is a leading domestic company in the field of retail and production, which every year more and more applies the strategy of diversification and optimization of its business processes, allowing to maximally satisfy customer requests in quality goods and services. The main directions of the company’s development in the field of digitalization and digitization of business processes are outlined in order to ensure profitability, reduce costs and increase labor productivity.

Modernization of key production business processes for rapid import substitution of goods, including agriculture

The scientific article presents a study on the accelerated import substitution of dual-use goods and technologies by modernizing the main production business processes of enterprises of the defense-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. Accelerated import substitution in the field of dual-use goods and technologies is a transition from dependence on foreign supplies to the production and development of core business processes, own domestic technologies for national defense and security of the country. This helps to reduce national security risks and ensure independence in important areas such as defense and cybersecurity. Modernization of core production business processes and promotion of new technologies contributes to the development of the country’s scientific and technological potential and enhances competitiveness in the global arena. This ensures the growth of the Russian economy, creates new jobs and promotes the potential for innovation. The object of the study is the enterprises of the defense industry complex. The subject of the study - accelerated import substitution of dual-use goods and technologies. The authors connect the prospects of their research with further scientific research in the field of development of dual-use goods and technologies, as well as with the modernization of the main production business processes.

Information technology: effects of application in the mining industry

The influence of information technology application in the main business processes on direct and indirect effects received by mining enterprises is considered. The purpose of the study was to develop a scientific and technical approach to assess the economic effects of information technology application in the mining industry, based on parametric and scenario modeling of discounted cash flows. The results were the development of a scientific and technical approach and an algorithm for its step-by-step implementation to assess the economic effects of information technology application for a particular enterprise in the mining industry.

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСІВ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ МЕБЛЕВОЇ ГАЛУЗІ

The article examines approaches to classification and definition of the list of business processes, indicates the main components of groups of business processes depending on their relationship to the main business processes, auxiliary business processes and business processes of management at the enterprise. It is determined that the management of the enterprise should be carried out according to the criterion of ensuring the functional completeness of the system, by substantiating the need and sufficiency of the set of selected elements for the implementation of a full range of managerial functions in relation to the object of management. The indicators of efficiency of functioning of enterprises in the furniture industry are given, the main causes of problems with the functioning of enterprises in the furniture industry, the decrease in the efficiency of the use of resources and the low level of implementation of business processes of enterprises are determined. The main components of the business processes of enterprises are disclosed, taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of enterprises in the furniture industry. The necessity of allocation of system-wide activities, such as main, providing, servicing and managerial activities to ensure and achieve the purpose of functioning of enterprise, is indicated. On the basis of the carried out analysis of the efficiency of implementation of business processes of enterprises in the furniture industry, the need to optimize the main and managerial business processes is substantiated. The features of the implementation of the management cycle are studied: goal-setting, planning of activities, implementation of plans, control over the implementation of plans, formation of managerial influence and adjustment of plans depending on the main, providing, servicing and management activities of enterprises in the furniture industry. Depending on the features of the implementation of the management cycle in relation to all types of activities of enterprises in the furniture industry, methodical recommendations for assessing each of the stages of the management cycle are proposed. Recommendations on the validity of activity plans of enterprises in the furniture industry have been formed through a revision of the planning logic, the introduction of mandatory planning of business processes and operations of enterprises and the creation of appropriate conditions for the implementation of the main activity: provision of input resources, maintenance and management.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ АНАЛИЗА И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССАМИ СУДОХОДНОЙ КОМПАНИИ

The article updates scientific developments and provisions on the description, analysis and optimization of business processes based on the materials of a shipping company in the Republic of Tatarstan. The main business process of a small shipping company (loading and unloading operations), auxiliary business process (ship repair, fleet maintenance), management processes are analyzed, losses in this business process are identified and classified, management decisions in the field of automation and optimization of business processes (work during loading and unloading operations and the use of technical vision to level out human error when loading a barge) are substantiated.

Reengineering of technological business processes of a generating energy company in modern conditions

The article studies the improvement of the production activities of a large electric power company in the Moscow region, Public joint stock company “Mosenergo” (hereinafter referred to as “Mosenergo”) by proposing a set of measures for a radical renovation (reengineering) of the main technological business process – “Heat and electricity production”. Based on the process approach and methods of strategic analysis, SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats), the key company success factors were identified, an enlarged business model of “Mosenergo” was built and analysed, followed by the selection of the most preferable business process. With the help of a matrix of criteria, an assessment of business process importance or readiness for the implementation of the selected strategies was made. Key success factors for “Production of heat and electricity” business process were formed. However, in modern conditions, due to the tightening of sanctions imposed by unfriendly countries, the risks of supply disruptions and termination of equipment maintenance are increasing, which causes negative trends in key performance indicators of the selected business process, namely the accident rate and/or the frequency of emergency operation of automatics cases. The set of measures for reengineering the business process “Production of heat and electricity” is based on the idea of automatic technological business process of the company through the introduction of highly effective domestic digital technologies as part of the industry’s digital transformation strategy. The import substitution programme to minimise risks caused by geopolitical events in the world is considered.

Экономические эффекты применения цифровых решений в горной промышленности (на примере западной части Арктики)

Mining activities in the western part of Arctic is currently experiencing significant challenges caused by the increased mining depth, a decrease in the grades of the mined ore and the complicated mining and geological conditions. The use of digital solutions, as the experience of the main mining enterprises of the Kola region shows, can mitigate these challenges to a certain extent. The intensive introduction of digital technologies into the main business processes of mining production allows obtaining both direct and indirect economic effects. The direct effects include generation of additional profits, reducing costs and increasing labor productivity. The indirect ones can be of scientific, technical and social nature, as well as those concerned with improving the safety of mining operations. The objective of the study was to justify a scientific and technical approach to assessing the economic effects of digital solutions in the mining industry based on parametric and scenario modeling of the discounted cash flows. The result was to develop a graphical algorithm and disclose its step-by-step description for evaluating the economic effects of digital solutions for the mining industry in the Western part of Arctic. The use of digital solutions is estimated as an effective tool that meets the requirement to obtain positive direct and indirect economic effects. The proposed scientific and technical approach was tested using the case of one of the promising ore deposits in the Western part of Arctic.

Research on the Reform and Practice of Informatization Mode of Adult Higher and Continuing Education Academic Records Management in the Context of Three-Whole Parenting

Abstract Information technology reform is an important way for schools to realize efficient management and information technology should be introduced into the management of student registration files to accelerate the process of informationization of registration file management. This paper builds an informatization database of adult higher continuing education student registration file management based on informatization technology and carries out the design of the main business process of student registration files. The multi-layer stacked LSTM network in the ELMo model is utilized to learn the preprocessing of the text of the school records data, and the CART decision tree algorithm is improved based on the reinforcement learning mechanism in order to improve the classification prediction accuracy of the decision tree in the dataset. In order to verify the feasibility of the school registration file informationization database constructed in this paper, a test analysis is conducted for the application of data mining technology and informationization database. The results show that the check accuracy of the CART decision tree algorithm improved by the reinforcement learning mechanism is around 80%, and the throughput of this paper’s database reaches 4827ops/s when the data writing volume is 1*105GB. When the number of threads reaches 128, the throughput of this paper’s informative database is around 5486ops/s, and when the data volume reaches 12*105 entries, the database in this paper the query response time is around 602ms. Under the background of three-round education, it is necessary to fully integrate information technology with the management of school registration files, which will lead to the innovation of the informationization mode of the management of school registration files in adult higher education.

FORMATION OF THE MANAGEMENT DECISION REGARDING THE CHOICE OF THE ENTERPRISE LOGISTICS STRATEGY

One of the most important management processes of logistics management is the process of development and implementation of management decisions regarding the choice of the enterprise logistics strategy, corresponding to market conditions, the state of the enterprise and its corporate strategy.
 Analysis of the latest research and publications on logistics management shows the presence of unresolved problems in the definition and calculation of indicators for assessing the state of the enterprise's logistics system from the standpoint of the process approach and the use of data available for the enterprise’s calculations. It was determined that the objects of assessing the state of the enterprise logistics system are: the subject of management (management personnel, organizational structure of management, technology and information support of management) and the object of management – the logistics system itself or logistics business processes (interaction with suppliers, warehousing, dispatching, transportation, forwarding operations and financial settlements).
 In the course of work on this scientific article, it was determined that the some issues require further research. Among them are assessing the state of the logistics system, the effectiveness of logistics costs in the enterprise as a whole and in terms of individual business processes, as well as clarification of the influence of the state of the enterprise's logistics system and the level of efficiency of logistics costs on efficiency management of the enterprise's logistics activities and the selection of appropriate logistics strategies.
 The article analyzes the existing main typologies of logistics strategies of enterprises and presents their analytical characteristics. A description of the main logistics business processes of road transport enterprises is also given, based on the specifics of the offer and provision of road transport services.
 A two-dimensional model of making a management decision regarding the choice of the enterprise's logistics strategy has been developed, depending on the state of the logistics system (by its object and subject components) and the level of efficiency of the enterprise's logistics costs (economy). To assess the state of the logistics system, it is suggested to use the methods of point assessment, expert survey and analysis of hierarchies. Estimating the effectiveness of logistics costs involves the use of an integral assessment and a taxonomic method.
 It is proposed to choose a specific logistics strategy based on the key factors on which the company's logistics management is oriented (costs, quality, time, logistics assets). A general indicator of the implementation of the selected logistics strategy quality has been developed: the relative change in the state of the logistics system must exceed the relative change in the efficiency of logistics costs. This will contribute to the fact that the costs of the main logistics tools for the period under study were effective.

SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO PLANNING THE ASSORTMENT OF A PHARMACY ORGANIZATION

The management of the pharmacy organization is based on the competent management of the main business processes, among which the leading position is occupied by assortment planning. Many pharmaceutical workers form the structure and volume of the assortment based on the indicators of the previous period by averaging. This approach does not take into account the dynamism of the market of medicines: seasonal fluctuations in demand, changes in legislation, marketing activity of manufacturers and consumer preferences depending on it, as well as other factors. The use of a systematic approach in the formation of the assortment of pharmacy by the method of two-factor ABC- and XYZ-analysis allows you to quickly and flexibly respond to the most significant changes in the pharmaceutical market, contributing to the maintenance of liquidity, profitability and efficiency of the pharmacy. This method of analysis is applicable to various pharmacotherapeutic groups.

Embracing an outcome-based approach to cyber security

Cyber security is often seen as an activity separate from an organisation's main business processes. It is something that only comes to the fore when an incident occurs – which may be too late. And this can create a gap between the true security needs of the organisation and its security posture. In contrast, outcome-based security creates direct links between business goals and security requirements.

ADAPTATION STRATEGY OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE TO THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL DIGITALIZATION PROCESSES

The article deals with topical issues of forming an adaptation strategy of an industrial enterprise to the challenges of global digitalization processes. It is noted that the economy of Ukraine at the beginning of the XXI century was characterized by a catastrophic decline in production and progressive degradation of the technical base of industrial enterprises, which served to curtail both simple and extended reproduction in many sectors of the national economy. Only industry and its leading sector, machine building, can cope with this dangerous trend. The conditions in which Ukraine's industrial complex will have to operate in the near future are influenced by the market mechanism of self-regulation, on the one hand, by various corrective actions by government authorities and a number of subjective and objective factors. The most influential factors are globalization, digital transformation, pandemics, and military conflicts. The author provides brief information on the essence of these processes. It is noted that economic globalization is a complex and contradictory process. On the one hand, it facilitates economic interaction between states, which creates conditions for countries to access the advanced achievements of mankind, saves resources, and stimulates global progress. On the one hand, it facilitates economic interaction between states, which creates conditions for countries to access the advanced achievements of mankind, saves resources, and stimulates global progress. On the other hand, globalization has negative consequences: consolidation of the peripheral economic model, loss of resources by countries that are not part of the "golden billion", ruin of small businesses, spread of globalization and competition to weak countries, decline in living standards, etc. Ukraine is gradually developing in the field of digital technology and digital transformation, but still has significant potential for further development. The level of digital maturity of business processes is becoming an important criterion for the quality of the DH process in business, and its increase is an adaptation strategy, which is defined as a gradual and purposeful process of organizational learning that determines the response to the emerging and changing digital competitive environment. Insufficient maturity of the adaptation strategy means a low level of process management in a company where the main and auxiliary business processes are not defined and regulated, their automation is chaotic, localized, and the processes are not adapted to the latest technologies planned for implementation. The authors propose an approach to technological reengineering using foresight technologies at machine-building enterprises with a preliminary diagnostics of companies' readiness for digital transformation, which meets the recommendations of the TOGAF standard and should be carried out within the framework of forming an architectural vision of the company at the initial stage of implementation of the transformation project.