Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flow Research Articles

MHD Fluid Flow Bounded by Two Parallel Vertical Plates in A Porous Media with Heat Transfer

We are investigating Magneto hydrodynamic fluid flow between two parallel vertical plates in a porous media with heat transfer. We will nondimensionalize the governing equations and then transform the resulting equations using the central difference approximation method. We will simulate the resulting equations using MATLAB to establish the effect of non dimensionalized parameters on the fluid velocity and temperature. We will graphically present the effect of the Darcy, Hartmann, Prandtl, and Reynolds numbers on the velocity and temperature profile. We have made the following conclusions from this study. The fluid velocity is inversely proportional to Darcy’s and Hartmann’s numbers. Fluid velocity increases as the Reynolds number is increased. Fluid temperature declines with a rise in the Prandtl number when the distance between the plates is greater than one and increases the fluid temperature when the distance between plates is less than one. Fluid temperature increases as Hartmann and Darcy numbers are increased. No velocity and temperature profile effect exists on varying Prandtl and Reynolds numbers. The findings have practical applications in industrial processes such as cooling systems.

Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of an unsteady Non-Newtonian Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flow (Semi-Analytical Solution)

In the presence of a time-dependent chemical reaction, this work investigates unsteady squeezing Casson nanofluid flow and heat transfer between two parallel plates under the influence of a uniform magnetic field. Considering the effects of viscosity dissipation, heat generation from friction resulting from flow shear, Brownian motion, Joule heating, and thermodiffusion. The problem's nonlinear differential equations are solved using the Runge–Kutta (RK-4) technique and the Homotopy Perturbation technique. The excellent accuracy of the results is evident since they have been compared with other results from earlier research. In the form of graphs and tables, flow behavior under the many physical factors that are modified is also covered and well described. This work has shown that, by normalizing flow behavior, magnetic fields may be utilized to manage a variety of flows. Additionally, it is demonstrated that in every situation, the effects of positive and negative squeeze numbers on heat and mass transfer flow are opposite. Moreover, the thermophoresis parameter decreases as the concentration field increases. However, when the Brownian motion parameter is increased, the concentration profile gets better. Additionally, several other significant factors were examined. The results of this study can facilitate quicker and easier research and assist engineers.

Magnetohydrodynamic and Ferrohydrodynamic Fluid Flow Using the Finite Volume Method

Many problems in fluid mechanics describe the change in the flow under the effect of electromagnetic forces. The present study explores the behaviour of an electric conducting, Newtonian fluid flow applying the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and ferrohydrodynamics (FHD) principles. The physical problems for such flows are formulated by the Navier–Stokes equations with the conservation of mass and energy equations, which constitute a coupled non-linear system of partial differential equations subject to analogous boundary conditions. The numerical solution of such physical problems is not a trivial task due to the electromagnetic forces which may cause severe disturbances in the flow field. In the present study, a numerical algorithm based on a finite volume method is developed for the solution of such problems. The basic characteristics of the method are, the set of equations is solved using a simultaneous direct approach, the discretization is achieved using the finite volume method, and the solution is attained solving an implicit non-linear system of algebraic equations with intense source terms created by the non-uniform magnetic field. For the validation of the overall algorithm, comparisons are made with previously published results concerning MHD and FHD flows. The advantages of the proposed methodology are that it is direct and the governing equations are not manipulated like other methods such as the stream function vorticity formulation. Moreover, it is relatively easily extended for the study of three-dimensional problems. This study examines the Hartmann flow and the fluid flow with FHD principles, that formulate MHD and FHD flows, respectively. The major component of the Hartmann flow is the Hartmann number, which increases in value the stronger the Lorentz forces are, thus the fluid decelerates. In the case of FHD fluid flow, the major finding is the creation of vortices close to the external magnetic field source, and the stronger the magnetic field of the source, the larger the vortices are.

Exact Analysis of Fractionalised Jeffrey Fluid in a Channel with Caputo and Caputo Fabrizio Time Derivative: A Comparative Study

Abstract The non-integer order derivatives, Caputo (C) and Caputo Fabrizio (CF), were employed to analyse the natural convective flow of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Jeffrey fluid. The aim is to generalise the idea of Jeffrey’s fluid flow. The fluid flow is elaborated between two vertical parallel plates. One plate is kept fixed while the other is moving with the velocity U0f(t), which induces the motion in the fluid. The fluid flow problem is modelled in terms of the partial differential equation along with generalised physical conditions. The appropriate parameters are introduced to the dimensionless system of equations. To obtain the solutions, the Laplace transform (LT) is operated on the fractional system of equations, and the results are presented in series form. The pertinent parameter’s influence on the fluid flow is brought under consideration to reveal interesting results. In comparison, we noticed that the C approach shows better results than CF, and graphs are drawn to show the results. The results for ordinary Jeffrey fluid, second-grade and viscous fluid are obtained in a limiting sense.

Multi-physics modeling of magnetohydrodynamic Carreau fluid flow with thermal radiation and Darcy–Forchheimer effects: a study on Soret and Dufour phenomena

Multi-physics modeling of magnetohydrodynamic Carreau fluid flow with thermal radiation and Darcy–Forchheimer effects: a study on Soret and Dufour phenomena

Irreversibilities and heat transfer in magnetohydrodynamic microchannel flow under differential heating

This study investigates heat transfer and entropy generation in a microchannel subjected to differential heating, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating within a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid flow. A finite difference method with a fully implicit scheme is employed to accurately model temperature distribution and entropy generation. A comparison between the average Nusselt numbers (Nu) calculated using the classical method and the Bennett Formula reveals a notable discrepancy, particularly at the entry length (up to 14%). It has been found that when one plate is heated while the other is cooled and the Hartmann number (Ha) is low, the average Nu for both plates converges to 2. However, at high Ha values considering viscous dissipation and Joule heating, there is an 8% deviation between the Nu values of the two plates, with the higher Nu found on the cooling plate. Sensitivity analyses explore the impact of control parameters on entropy generation, emphasizing the significance of η as a key parameter that reflects the system's resistance to entropy generation. Increasing η from 0.1 to 0.5 results in a 32% reduction in entropy generation. In particular, for microchannels, substantial η high values imply reduced entropy generation, highlighting their efficiency in heat transfer.

Numerical calculation and fast method for the magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer of fractional Jeffrey fluid on a two-dimensional irregular convex domain

In this paper, we study the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transfer of the fractional Jeffrey fluid in a straight channel, of which the cross section is a two-dimensional irregular convex domain. We consider a spatial fractional operator to modify the classical Fourier's law of thermal conduction, and obtain the time-space fractional coupled model. The fractional coupled model is solved numerically by the L2−1σ method in the temporal direction and the unstructured mesh finite element method in the spatial direction. Besides, we prove the stability and convergence of the numerical scheme. In order to reduce the computational time, a fast method is proposed. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the theoretical analysis and the efficiency of the fast method. Furthermore, an example is considered to discuss the effects of the fractional parameters on the MHD flow and heat transfer of the fractional Jeffrey fluid.

Convection heat transfer of MHD fluid flow in the circular cavity with various obstacles: Finite element approach

In the present research, a study has been conducted on a model to investigate magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) heat and mass transfer phenomena. In the geometry of this model, there is a circular cavity with a variable number of obstacles in each step. At each stage, some obstacles are heated, and its effect on fluid flow and heat transfer is investigated. Solving and developing partial differential equations is done using the finite element method. The effects of Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers on flow lines, isotherms, and equivalent concentrations have been investigated, and the output was displayed as contours and graphs. Finally, the Nusselt diagram is displayed. The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effect of changes in Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers in different geometries on its behavior. This particular flow configuration was chosen because of the fundamental role of magnetohydrodynamics and its widespread use in engineering, industry, and medicine. The findings of this research show that in almost all investigated geometries, the behavior of streamlines, isotherms, and isothermal concentrations is anti-symmetrical at X = 0.5. Also, with the heating of the upper obstacles, the total Nusselt number decreases, and with the heating of the lower obstacles, the total Nusselt number increases. The behavior of the total Nusselt number against the increase of the thermal radiation parameter is increasing, and as the number of obstacles inside the cavity increases, the total Nusselt number increases.

Heat transfer enrichment in magnetohydrodynamic cylindrical flow of Maxwell fluid with thermal radiation and Stefan blowing effects

Energy transfer and boundary layer flow on a stretching cylinder are used in extrusion procedures, fiber technology, the manufacture of polymer sheets, and the creation of plastic films. In view of these applications, this article examines a transport model for a boundary layer flow with magnetohydrodynamics derived from a Maxwell fluid flow under the influence of radiation, Brownian motion, thermo phoresies and Stefan blowing on a stretching cylinder. Using MATLAB bvp4c function, the governing equations are numerically solved after being changed into ordinary differential equations via similarity renovations. Calculations and analyses determined how various emergent parameters affected the flow field, heat transfer and mass transfer. Some characteristics were discovered to affect the width of the boundary layer. The influence on MHD (M), radiation (Rd), the Schmidt number (Stc), Brownian motion (Nb), thermo phoresies (Nt) and the Stefan blowing parameter (Sb) on the velocity, energy and concentration profile have been explored. Excellent assessment is recognized over a tabular explanation to validate the adopted numerical technique. Significantly the Stefan blowing parameter rises the profiles on velocity and temperature. For an increasing value of the Maxwell fluid parameter, the skin friction coefficient decreases compared to the Stefan parameter.

Radiation Absorption and Diffusion Thermo Effects on Unsteady MHD Kuvshinski Fluid Flow Past an Inclined Porous Plate in the Presence of Thermal Radiation and Chemical Reaction

The aim of the present paper is to investigate investigated the Radiation absorption and diffusion thermo on unsteady magneto hydrodynamic Kuvshinski fluid flow past an infinite vertical permeable moving plate in Presence of thermal radiation, heat absorption and homogenous chemical reaction, subjected to variable suction. The plate is assumed to be embedded in a uniform porous medium and Moves with a constant velocity in the flow direction in the presence of a transverse magnetic Field. The equations governing the flow are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using perturbation technique. Graphical results for the velocity distribution, temperature distribution and concentration distribution based on the numerical solutions are presented and discussed. Also discuss the effects of various parameters on the skin-friction coefficient and the rate of heat transfer in the form of Nusselt number and rate of mass transfer in the form of Sherwood number at the surface. Velocity and temperature distribution is observed to increase with an increase in Radiation absorption and Dufour parameter, whereas diminishes with enhances of Magnetic field, heat absorption coefficient, radiation parameter and chemical reaction parameter in respective velocity, temperature and concentration distributions.

FEM-based numerical solutions for mixed convection MHD flow of fluid inside the square cavity having sinusoidal walls

This analysis deals with the steady and incompressible magnetohydrodynamics fluid flow by sinusoidal walls of a square cavity. Sinusoidal velocity and sinusoidal temperature at walls of the cavity are of great importance in engineering including solar collectors, air conditioners, and thermal effects in the buildings. Mixed convection is focused exhaustively as it is important in most engineering and geophysical phenomena. A numerical modeling method, finite element method (FEM) is operated to study the flow and heat transfer governed by continuity equations, Navier–Stokes equations, and temperature equations. These equations are converted to dimensionless form through suitable parameterization, which is tackled by FEM. The temperature and velocity profiles are displayed for a variety of parameters. This graphical study shows good convergent results of temperature and velocity for variation of involved parameters. In the end, the significant effects of the heat transfer rate are analyzed and discussed in terms of the average Nusselt number.

Similarity solution of fractional viscoelastic magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow over a permeable stretching sheet with suction/injection

A novel easy‐to‐use similarity technique for spatial fractional partial differential equations is introduced to solve the flow and heat transfer of fractional viscoelastic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid over a permeable stretching sheet. The proposed method represents a new technique for deriving similarity transformations, which allows the conversion of the fractional partial differential equations to fractional ordinary differential equations. Moreover, using the Grünwald–Letnikov formula, the fourth‐order Runge–Kutta method is adopted here to solve the obtained similarity equations, using the shooting method. The transformed governing equations were found to be dependent on six physical parameters, namely, fractional parameter, magnetic field parameter, generalized local Reynolds number, generalized Prandtl number, the wall suction/injection parameter, and the wall stretching exponential. The results reveal that maximums of the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are obtained for fractional‐order derivative of about 0.5. Moreover, application of a magnetic field on electrically conducting fractional fluid thins the velocity boundary layer and thickens the thermal boundary layer; therefore, the skin friction coefficient increases whereas the local Nusselt number decreases. Furthermore, an increase in any parameters of the local Reynolds number, suction parameter, or the wall stretching exponential leads to thinner boundary layers and higher values of skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number, whereas imposing injection has opposite effects. Finally, increasing the generalized Prandtl number leads to a thinner thermal boundary layer and higher local Nusselt number for the fractional viscoelastic fluid. It would be of interest to extend the proposed method to other practical problems in the same field.

The moving finite element method with streamline-upwind Petrov–Galerkin for magnetohydrodynamic flows problems at high Hartmann numbers

It is widely acknowledged that both the streamline-upwind Petrov–Galerkin (SUPG) method and moving mesh method can enhance the stability of finite element method in solving convection-dominated convection–diffusion problems. However, in the case of strong convection-dominated conditions, they still exhibit numerical oscillations and the solutions will not even converge. In order to address similar phenomena observed in solving magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow problems at high Hartmann numbers with strong convective dominance, the MHD equation was first decoupled into two convection–diffusion equations. Subsequently, a new approach called the moving mesh streamline-upwind Petrov–Galerkin method (MM-SUPG) was proposed by coupling the moving mesh technique with SUPG method. The MM-SUPG method contains two independent part: the finite element method with SUPG for solving the decoupled MHD equation and a mesh-redistribution algorithm. To verify its effectiveness for solving the MHD equation at high Hartmann number, a classical MHD fluid flow problem was numerically tested using both the MM-SUPG method and the moving finite element method (MFEM). Compared to the MFEM, the proposed method not only yields stable numerical solutions under strong convective dominance while reducing unnecessary false oscillations, but also improves calculation accuracy to some extent using the same mesh.

Conjugate dissipative radiative heating with thermal slipping and the entropy production on the thrust of MHD gold blood nanofluid with curvature effects

AbstractThis article analyzes the impact of conjugated dissipative radiative heat transfer with heat source/sink, thermal slip, and the transverse magnetic field on the behavior of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) peristaltic thrust containing ferromagnetic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different shape factors through the non‐Newtionian blood flow within compliant walls tube. Entropy generation (EG) plays a prominent role in all aspects connected to thermodynamics and heat transfer aiding in the identification and reduction of system irreversibilities. The sources of irreversibility stem from dissipative friction inherent in fluid flow, the presence of a magnetic field, and the heat transfer process. The ferromagnetic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit diverse shapes (bricks, cylinders, and platelets) and possess both magnetic and thermal attributes thereby enhancing the efficiency of heat transfer process. The peristaltic thrust drives the dynamic behavior of the gold blood nanofluid through a compliant tube. The tube walls are flexible and exhibit a curvature effects that can alter the dynamics of fluid flow. The effective Hamilton‐Crosser model is selected to express the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. Gold blood nanofluids can be treated as incompressible, non‐Newtonian, and MHD fluid flow. The governing equations of the system are solved using the perturbation approach under the assumptions of low Reynolds numbers and long wavelength. Hybrid interactions of magnetic field, radiative heating, thermal slip, elastic wall properties, and gold nanoparticles shapes and concentrations are investigated within the gold blood nanofluid flow. The resulting graphs include the profiles of velocity, temperature distributions, EG, and irreversibility parameters under the influence of the above parameters. The findings reveal that the overall EG rises with increasing values of heat source intensity, Brinkman number, temperature difference factor, compliant wall curvature coefficient, and gold nanoparticles concentrations. Additionally, it is observed that an increase in magnetic flux strength results in the emergence of reversal flow patterns near the walls. This arises due to the augmented magnetic flux obstructing the peristaltic nanofluid flow leading to reduce streamwise velocity. Moreover, heightened magnetic flux strength causes temperature reduction for both thermal slip and non‐slip conditions. Generally, the presence of a thermal slipping parameter further enhances the distribution of temperature. In essence, the rationale and significance of this study primarily revolve around comprehending the interplay of these diverse factors with MHD peristaltic motion of gold blood nanofluid and EG. This not only furthers our theoretical understanding of complex systems but also has practical implications that can improve new technologies, processes, and medical applications. For example, in medical treatments like photothermal therapy (PPT), insights gained from this research can help in developing more effective and precise treatment methods. By understanding the impact of these factors on EG, new ways can be identified to minimize or manage system inefficiencies leading to more sustainable and optimized treatment processes. This research holds promise for application in cancer detection and treatment by employing a combination of PPT and magnetic hyperthermia. This entails dispersing AuNPs into the blood circulation through arteries and blood vessels and subsequently applying photothermal radiation and a magnetic field.

Significance of Darcy porous and hydro-magnetic dynamical flow with heat transfer of Oldroyd-8 fluid with deferment of nanoparticles in wire coating process

The wire coating method is an engineering development to cover a wire for wadding, motorized forte and ecological protection. In wire coating analysis, moreover, the polymer extruded on the wire is hauled into interior of a die occupied with melted polymer. By considering this significance, the magneto-hydrodynamic flow and heat transmission of Oldroyd-8 constant fluid with suspension of nanoparticles in the wire coating development had been investigated. The fluid with fixed viscosity is considered in porous medium. The flow is conducted with uniform magnetic field. The arising physical governing system is modelled mathematically. The mathematical model is executed by incorporation of thermal radiation and nanoparticles (Embedded in [Formula: see text] nanoparticles). The wire coating is scrutinized mathematically with four cases ([Formula: see text] with constant viscosity and also included in the Reynolds model for constant viscosity. The subsequent flow and heat transmission system were elucidated via the Runge–Kutta technique and the possessions of appropriate governing factors are presented in graphically. The outcome of the current investigation was equated with the previous available outcomes as a specific situation. The results were executed with nanofluid and without nanofluid as well as with positive and negative pressure gradients [Formula: see text]. It is seen that the temperature circulation is augmented due to the upsurge in magnetic parameter M. It is interesting to note that the positive pressure gradient with nanofluid has less momentum distribution compared to rest of the cases. It is also noted that the with negative pressure gradient, the distribution is more compared to positive pressure gradient case.

Finite difference approach to two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow due to moving surface

Finite difference approach to two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow due to moving surface

Analysis of the Time-Dependent magnetohydrodynamic Newtonian fluid flow over a rotating sphere with thermal radiation and chemical reaction

This article presents the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a nanoliquid due to a rotating sphere at a stagnation point. The flow is considered to be influenced by the magnetic field, dissipative, thermally radiative, and chemically reactive. Also, the thermophoretic and Brownian motion influences are taken into consideration. Some restrictions in the present analysis are taken: like there is no-slip and convective conditions, joule heating, Hall effects and buoyancy-driven. The solution of the present analysis is derived through the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The significance of several physical parameters on velocities, thermal and concentration profiles are shown with the help of Figures. Also, the significance of different physical factors on skin frictions, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are demonstrated with the help of Tables. The outcomes show that the Nusselt number is lower for the larger Brownian motion parameter, Eckert number, and thermophoretic parameter, while the increment in the thermal radiation parameter augmented the Nusselt number. It is established that the increasing rotation, magnetic and positive constant parameters have increased the velocity profiles along the x-direction while reducing the velocity profiles along the z-direction of the nanoliquid flow. The increasing positive constant parameter reduces the thermal graph of the nanoliquid flow. Furthermore, the intensifying Eckert number, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, and thermal radiation factor have escalated the thermal profiles of the nanoliquid flow.

Heat generation effects on Magnetohydrodynamic Powell-Eyring fluid flow along a vertical surface with a Chemical reaction

This work examines the influence of double diffusion on MHD Powell-Eyring fluid flow with free convection through a vertical surface. In addition, the impacts of chemical reaction, heat generation, local magnetic field, Grashof number and local modified Grashof number parameters are considered. The analysis of double diffusive in the occurrence of fluid flow under the convective surface conditions is studied. To translate the governing PDEs of velocity, energy and species (solutal) concentration equation, a couple of nonlinear ODEs we relate the suitable transformation of similarity. The set of nonlinear ODE's numerically and attained numerical consequences are connected by those gained through the assistance of MATLAB procedure bvp4c. The impact of prominent constraints of chemical reaction, Prandtl number, Schmidt number, heat source parameter, magneto hydrodynamic parameter, on dimension less velocity, energy and solutal (species) concentration dissemination has been considered. Impacts of different parameters such as skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are described through tables.

Upper-convected flow of Maxwell fluid near stagnation point through porous surface using Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model

The aspiration of this study is to concentrate on a numerical inspection of the magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow of Maxwell fluid over upper-convected Joule heating effects by engaging the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model. For motivation of the problem, the influence of heat and mass transfer are taken into account. The set of proposed model nonlinear partial differential equations is renovated into a couple of ODEs by exercising helpful similarity functions. Numerical elucidation of these model ODEs is obtained by the well-known scheme shooting approach, and the acquired numerical outcomes are compared with the Bvp4c command of MATLAB. Impression of several emerging parameters on velocity f′, temperature θ′ and concentration φ′ field are explained by graphs and tables. We observed that the velocity distribution reduced for the ascending value of the Deboreh number Γ magnetic number M. The enrichment in the values of the Prandtl number Pr decreased in the temperature profile. In-depth discussion is had regarding how various physical factors affect flow and heat transfer characteristics.

Second law analysis of thermo-magneto-hydrodynamic couple-stress fluid flow in a cavity with heated fin

The objective of current study is to analyze the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection flow of couple-stress fluid and entropy generation (second law analysis) inside the cavity with heated fin by using the Galerkin finite element method. The heated fin has been placed in middle of the heated bottom wall, the temperature T c is fixed on the vertical walls and an insulated situation is considered at the top wall. The irreversibility ratio and heat flux inside the enclosure are examined through entropy generation and Bejan heatlines, respectively. The obtained results show that the intensity of circulations of streamlines decrease from 3.9744 to 0.03148 and heatlines from 7 to 4.5 due to increasing couple-stress parameter ( K ) from 0 to 1.5 . It is noted that the heatlines bowls appear due to enhanced buoyancy-driven flow against high Rayleigh number. The reverse relation is noted between the entropy generation and the Hartmann number. The overall heat transfer rate along with the bottom and vertical side walls increase 111.65 % and 75.8297 % , respectively, with increasing the fin height from 0 to 0.25 . Obtained results could help to optimize heat transfer in engineering systems like heat exchangers, cooling processes of devices, chemical reactors, and solar collectors.