PurposeTo investigate whether a 3D-modified driven equilibrium Fourier transform (MDEFT)-based acquisition protocol established for brain morphometry also yields reliable information about the cross-sectional spinal cord area (SCA).Materials and MethodsImages of brain and cervical cord of 10 controls and eight subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI) were acquired with the 3D-MDEFT-based imaging protocol and an 8-channel receive head coil. The new protocol was validated by two observers 1) comparing the SCA measured with the standard acquisition protocol (3D magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo [MPRAGE] and dedicated spine coil) and the new protocol; and 2) determining the scan–rescan reproducibility of the new protocol.ResultsScan–rescan reproducibility of SCA measurements with the MDEFT approach showed a similar precision for both observers with standard deviation (SD) <4.5 mm2 and coefficient of variation (CV) ≤5.1%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a main effect of observer and interaction between observer and scan protocol that could be primarily attributed to a small observer bias for MPRAGE (difference in SCA <2.1 mm2). No bias was observed for 3D-MDEFT vs. 3D-MPRAGE.ConclusionThe 3D-MDEFT method allows for robust unbiased assessment of SCA in addition to brain morphology. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1242–1247. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.