Magnetic Drug Targeting Research Articles

Magnetic drug targeting during Caputo-Fabrizio fractionalized blood flow through a permeable vessel.

Nanoparticle-based drug targeting is an important platform for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Magnetic drug targeting is more significant as it is a noninvasive procedure and biocompatible. The present problem aims to understand magnetic drug delivery to a specific location in a permeable blood vessel under the vibration and magnetic environment. Caputo-Fabrizio fractional-order time derivatives are used in the governing equations. The momentum equations are solved analytically and presented in the form of Lorenzo-Hartley and Robotonov-Hartley functions and convolution of the Laplace transform. Convolution integrations are solved by using the numerical integration technique. The Fourth order Runge-Kutta method (RK4) is used to solve the force balance equation. The influence of pertinent parameters such as Reynolds number, pulsatile frequency, magnetic field strength, Darcy number and fractional-order parameters are presented through graphs. It is observed that increasing Reynolds number results in decreasing the tendency of the drug to capture near the tumor site, whereas the pulsatile frequency presents an opposite phenomenon. Increasing the magnetic field strength and Darcy number boosts the capture efficiency of drug particles near the tumor site. The short memory effect efficiently captures the magnetic drug carriers to a specific location under the action of suitable magnetic field strength.

Tannic acid-modified magnetic hydrotalcite-based MgAl nanoparticles for the in vitro targeted delivery of doxorubicin to the estrogen receptor-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells

In the present study, the tannic acid-modified magnetic hydrotalcite-based MgAl nanoparticles (TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs) were synthesized and assessed as a novel magnetic-targeted drug delivery system to the estrogen receptor (ER)-expressing colorectal cancer cells in vitro. In addition, FT-IR, EDS, DLS, and XRD measurements were employed for confirming the successful loading of doxorubicin (DOX), a widely-used chemotherapeutic agent, on the TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs. The NPs exhibited a negative zeta potential value due to the presence of negatively charged molecules on their surface. The lading of DOX on the TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs resulted in reducing their negative charge. TEM and FESEM images exhibited a layered HT structure with irregular edges and a mean size of 70 nm Fe3O4 NPs were visualized as small quasi-spherical particles with a uniform size of 12 nm. The TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs had higher solubility at acidic pH than that at pH 7.4. Further, the entrapment efficiency of DOX in the TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs was obtained about 51% at pH 7.4. The in vitro release of the DOX/TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs indicated a pH-dependent biphasic and sustained release of DOX as an initial rapid release in the first 24 h, followed by a 120-h sustained release. Furthermore, the safety and biocompatibility of the TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs were confirmed through using hemolysis and MTT assays. Based on the results of fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, a higher DOX cellular uptake was observed in the ER-positive HCT116 and LoVo cells treated with the DOX/TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs compared to the ER-negative HEK293 ones. Treatment with the DOX/TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs led to more cytotoxicity than free DOX did and enhanced the DOX-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and subsequent apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Finally, applying a 0.6 T static magnetic field resulted in improving the anti-proliferative activity of the DOX/TA@HT@Fe3O4 NPs in HCT116 cells in a time exposure-dependent manner and enhancing ROS production. In general, the prepared NPs can serve as a promising candidate for the pH-responsive and magnetic-targeted delivery to the ER-expressing cells.

Numerical study on targeted delivery of magnetic drug particles in realistic human lung

Inhalation of medical drug particles through human airway is widely utilized for the remedy of lung diseases. Due to the complexities of airway morphology, flow turbulence and particle deposition, the drug delivery efficiency to the morbid region of lung is always unsatisfactory. In this research, a 3D anatomically accurate human airway model from oral cavity to lung is reconstructed, and the large eddy simulation-discrete phase model (LES-DPM) is adopted to simulate the airway flow and drug particles transport. To improve the particle delivery to the targeted region of the left lung, a magnetic drug targeting (MDT) system is established. It is found that the LES-DPM in conjunction with MDT system is an effective tool to study airway flow patterns and magnetic particle deposition features. Moreover, the magnetic source layout, magnetic particle size and magnetic field intensity all have significant impacts on the particle deposition efficiency in the left lung. Optimal combination factors for drug particle delivery results are successfully achieved. The total deposition efficiency of magnetic particles in the left lung can be increased to more than 5 times. This work not only could provide a better understanding of air-particle dynamics, but also could contribute toward improved strategies for more efficient drug delivery in the realistic human lungs.

A multiphysics model of magnetic hydrogel under a moving magnet for targeted drug delivery

A remarkable characteristics of magnetic hydrogel is its ability to dramatically alter its morphology and location in a remote way. Herein, a three-dimensional (3D) multiphysics model is presented to study the motion and deformation of the drug-loaded magnetic hydrogel in a moving fluid under an varying magnetic field created by a moving magnet. The magneto-chemo-hydro-mechanical model allows for nonlinear finite deformation, and the governing equations are formulated by balances of mass and forces. The constitutive relations are achieved via the second law of thermodynamics. In particular, the fluid-structure interaction is considered between the magnetic hydrogel and its surrounding fluid. After validation with theoretical works, the movable and deformable behaviors of the magnetic hydrogel are then studied under varying magnetic velocity, hydrogel radius, magnetic field strength, and fluid flow velocity. Results show that the slower moving magnet, the larger hydrogel radius and the flow velocity can shorten the time for the hydrogel to reach the channel outlet. In addition, the magnetic targeting system is obtained for transporting the drug-loaded hydrogel to the specific site through controlling the magnet velocity and the maximum magnetic field strength. The present multiphysics model may provide theoretical guidance in design and optimization of magnetic hydrogel-based drug targeting system.

Evaluating selection criteria for optimized excitation coils in magnetorelaxometry imaging

Objective. Magnetorelaxometry imaging (MRXI) is an experimental imaging technique applicable for noninvasive, qualitative and quantitative imaging of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Accurate reconstructions of nanoparticle distributions are crucial for several novel treatment methods employing MNPs such as magnetic drug targeting or magnetic hyperthermia therapy. Hence, it is desirable to design MRXI setups such that the reconstruction accuracy is maximized for a given set of design parameters. Several attempts exist in literature that focus on the improvement of MRXI and other related linear inverse problems with respect to various figures of merit. However, to date it remains unclear, which approach leads to the largest benefit for the reconstruction accuracy. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the different figures of merit, thereby determining the most reliable and effective optimization approach for magnetorelaxometry setups. Approach. In the present simulation study, we translate these figures of merit to various cost functions, allowing us to optimize the electromagnetic coil positions and radii of two distinct MRXI setups with an adapted tabu search algorithm. Multiple artificial MNP phantoms are reconstructed employing the optimized setups and the resulting imaging qualities are subsequently compared. Main results. The extensive amount of generated synthetic data unprecedented in previous MRXI studies identifies the condition number as the most reliable indicator for good imaging results. This is the case for both the qualitative as well as the quantitative reconstruction accuracies. Significance. The results of this study show that optimized coil configurations increase the reconstruction quality compared to the state-of-the-art. The insights obtained here can also be extended to other design parameters of MRXI setups, thus enabling more reliable reconstructions of MNP ensembles which will ultimately render the aforementioned treatment methods safer and more efficient.

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characteristics and Historical Developments to Commercialization for Potential Technological Applications.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have gained increasing attention in various biomedical and industrial sectors due to their physicochemical and magnetic properties. In the biomedical field, IONPs are being developed for enzyme/protein immobilization, magnetofection, cell labeling, DNA detection, and tissue engineering. However, in some established areas, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic drug targeting (MDT), magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH), immunomagnetic separation (IMS), and magnetic particle imaging (MPI), IONPs have crossed from the research bench, received clinical approval, and have been commercialized. Additionally, in industrial sectors IONP-based fluids (ferrofluids) have been marketed in electronic and mechanical devices for some time. This review explores the historical evolution of IONPs to their current state in biomedical and industrial applications.

Bio-inspired peristaltic propulsion of hybrid nanofluid flow with Tantalum (Ta) and Gold (Au) nanoparticles under magnetic effects

The current study looks at the peristaltically driven motion of Carreau fluid in a symmetric channel under the influence of an induced and applied magnetic field. Tantalum (Ta) and Gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) with thermal radiation effects are incorporated in the hybrid nanofluid. The proposed mathematical modeling in two dimensions is finalized by employing lubrication theory. The finalized forms of mathematical modeling are nonlinear, and a perturbation approach is used to solve them. Up to the second-order approximation, solutions for velocity distribution, induction equation, and temperature distribution are reported. For velocity, current density, magnetic force function, induced magnetic field, and temperature profile, graphical and numerical results are presented. For simple and hybrid nanofluids, shear-thinning, Newtonian, and shear-thickening scenarios, numerical data are also presented. The current study aims to be useful in the medical field since Ta-NPs with low cytotoxicity can remove unwanted reactive oxygen species, providing protection for biomedical applications. Magnetic drug targeting is an effective and accurate way for drug delivery to the affected areas in biomedical science. It is accomplished by binding the medicine to biologically suitable magnetic nanoparticles, which are then steered towards the target by carefully placing magnets on the body's external surface.

Collisions model between magnetic nanoparticles and the arterial wall

At present, there are different treatments against cancer, however, some of them, such as chemotherapy, are very invasive for the human body, since they affect healthy tissues. Magnetic targeting of drugs by means of magnetic nanoparticles is one of the alternative techniques that has emerged in the last decade, it is based on the targeting of drug delivery to the tumor without affecting healthy tissues, via of injected nanoparticles with diamagnetic properties directly into the bloodstream, driven by external magnetic fields produced by permanent magnets. This technique in literature is often come upon as MTD for its acronym in English. In this work, a numerical model was developed in order to quantify the loss of nanoparticles in the process of interaction with the walls of the bloodstream. For this model, the Kinetic technique was used, quantifying the probability of adsorption and absorption taking into account the following parameters: diameter of the nanoparticle (200 nm), density of the nanoparticle (6450 kg · m -3), diameter of the cell endothelial (0.1 μm - 1 μm), transcellular pores of the fenestrated endothelium (70 nm) and modulus of elasticity of the endothelium (4.1 ± 1.7 kPa).

Studies on Aggregated Nanoparticles Steering during Deep Brain Membrane Crossing.

Many central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), affect the deep brain region, which hinders their effective treatment. The hippocampus, a deep brain area critical for learning and memory, is especially vulnerable to damage during early stages of AD. Magnetic drug targeting has shown high potential in delivering drugs to a targeted disease site effectively by applying a strong electromagnetic force. This study illustrates a nanotechnology-based scheme for delivering magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) to the deep brain region. First, we developed a mathematical model and a molecular dynamic simulation to analyze membrane crossing, and to study the effects of particle size, aggregation, and crossing velocities. Then, using in vitro experiments, we studied effective parameters in aggregation. We have also studied the process and environmental parameters. We have demonstrated that aggregation size can be controlled when particles are subjected to external electromagnetic fields. Our simulations and experimental studies can be used for capturing MNPs in brain, the transport of particles across the intact BBB and deep region targeting. These results are in line with previous in vivo studies and establish an effective strategy for deep brain region targeting with drug loaded MNPs through the application of an external electromagnetic field.

Magnetically Assisted Drug Delivery of Topical Eye Drops Maintains Retinal Function In Vivo in Mice.

Barded-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare genetic disorder with an unmet medical need for retinal degeneration. Small-molecule drugs were previously identified to slow down the apoptosis of photoreceptors in BBS mouse models. Clinical translation was not practical due to the necessity of repetitive invasive intravitreal injections for pediatric populations. Non-invasive methods of retinal drug targeting are a prerequisite for acceptable adaptation to the targeted pediatric patient population. Here, we present the development and functional testing of a non-invasive, topical, magnetically assisted delivery system, harnessing the ability of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to cargo two drugs (guanabenz and valproic acid) with anti-unfolded protein response (UPR) properties towards the retina. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we showed the MNPs’ presence in the retina of Bbs wild-type mice, and their photoreceptor localization was validated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Subsequent electroretinogram recordings (ERGs) demonstrated that we achieved beneficial biological effects with the magnetically assisted treatment translating the maintained light detection in Bbs−/− mice (KO). To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of efficient magnetic drug targeting in the photoreceptors in vivo after topical administration. This non-invasive, needle-free technology expands the application of SMDs for the treatment of a vast spectrum of retinal degenerations and other ocular diseases.

Fe3O4-modified amphiphilic polyurethane nanoparticles with good stability as magnetic-targeted drug carriers

Fe3O4-modified amphiphilic polyurethane nanoparticles with good stability as magnetic-targeted drug carriers

Capillary flow of magnetic fluids with effect of hydrodynamic dispersion

A theoretical study is conducted on the influence of a shear-induced dispersion on the rheological response of a magnetic suspension. A capillary geometry is considered, in which a dilute ferrofluid flows under the action of a longitudinal applied magnetic field. The shear-induced dispersion is assumed to arise either due to particle roughness or non-sphericity (i.e., shape anisotropy). A new asymptotic solution for a suspension of rough spheres in the limit of weak flows is developed. The numerical results indicate that the dispersive flux by shear rate gradient produces a particle migration toward the center of the tube. In the case of smooth prolate spheroidal particles, the shape anisotropy may either intensify or reduce the viscous dissipation according to the non-dimensional physical parameters. For weak applied fields and weak shear rates, the relative viscosity presented a rising dependence with the aspect ratio. In contrast, at strong flows and/or large applied fields, the net result was a relative viscosity reduction in comparison with a suspension of spheres. The results provide useful insights into the rheology of ferrofluids in quadratic flows, especially to suspensions designed for biomedical applications, such as hyperthermia and magnetic drug targeting in the blood vessels.

Effect of plaque geometry on targeted delivery of stem cells containing magnetic particles in a rigid and elastic curved artery with stenosis

Magnetic drug targeting (MDT) is a new and effective therapeutic technique to treat some diseases. In this method, the transfer of magnetic particles labeled with therapeutic agents in the presence of a magnetic field increases the efficiency of treatment. In this study, targeted delivery of endothelial cells containing magnetic particles in a stenosed curved artery for solid and elastic wall states was investigated, using an external magnetic field. The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach and the Eulerian-Lagrangian coupled FSI technique were employed to solve the continuum equations and track the trajectory of cells in a rigid and elastic artery, respectively. The influence of parameters was investigated, such as the mass of magnetic particles injected in each cell, the magnetic field strength, the injection time, the occlusion percentage, and the chord length of stenosis on the capture efficiency (CE). The effect of wall elasticity on CE was also studied. The results reveal that by increasing the mass of magnetic particles injected in each cell from 20 pg to 300 pg, the cells absorption at the target site is enhanced from 17% to 43%. Also, a slight increase in the magnetic field strength has a significant effect on increasing the CE. The injection of cells in a complete period of the cardiac cycle provides greater CE than other systole and diastole intervals. Examining the stenosis morphology shows that reducing the occlusion percentage from 40% to 20% and the chord length of stenosis from 70° to 30° results in an increase in the CE about 6% and 3% for 300 pg of magnetic particles in each cell, respectively. The trend of CE changes is the same for elastic artery and the rigid artery. However, in all cases, the elastic artery has a higher CE than the rigid artery. The obtained results can be useful for the treatment of atherosclerosis in curved vessels using targeted cell delivery.

Theranostic Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer

Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) with theranostic applications have engrossed innumerable attention in breast cancer therapies. Breast cancer is a malignancy that affects numerous women globally and has a bad prognosis. These novel MNP formulations have ultra-small particle sizes, high intrinsic magnetic field characteristic, effective imaging, drug targeting, and drug delivery characteristics. MNP also has anticancer properties as well as imaging and magnetic targeting abilities. Theranostic application of MNP can be used in preclinical and clinical settings, and it could be beneficial in cancer treatment and imaging. Furthermore, if these nanoparticles can be functionalized with antibodies or ligands, they can be used as new platforms in a variety of biological applications. In a nutshell, theranostic application of MNP is a small step in the long fight against breast cancer.

FEM based simulation of magnetic drug targeting in a multibranched vessel model

Background and objectiveMagnetic drug targeting (MDT) is a promising technology to improve cancer therapy. MDT describes the accumulation of drug loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) at a desired location, e. g. a tumor, by application of a magnetic field. Here, we evaluate the effectivity of MDT for an endoscopic placement of two different configurations of magnet arrays, i. e. six magnets with same poles facing each other and a Halbach array. Compared to conventional magnet setups outside the body, this endoscopic placement gives the possibility to achieve higher magnetic field gradients inside the tumor. MethodsFor such a MDT concept, we present FEM based simulations of MDT tracing single SPIONs in a 3D geometry of eight multibranched vessels with sizes in the range of capillaries. In these simulations, the effect of the magnetic field gradient as well as of magnet distance to the vessel geometry, magnetic flux density of the magnets, SPIONs hydrodynamic diameter and magnetic moment on the MDT effectivity is calculated. The blood flow is modelled as an incompressible Newtonian fluid and the SPIONs are suspended in the blood flow. Statistical significance of the targeting effectivity results is tested with the Mann-Whitney-U-Test. ResultsThe results show that the magnetic targeting effectivity is up to 32 % higher than the one calculated without the presence of a magnetic field. In the investigated vessel network, this effect on the targeting effectivity is dependent on the number of local magnetic field maxima that are approached with a high gradient and is noticeable up to 200 µm distance of the magnet to the vessel geometry. ConclusionsWe conclude that for an effective application of MDT, the magnet configuration needs to be placed close to the tumor and should yield a large number of magnetic field maxima that are approached with a high gradient.

Magnetic and GRPR-targeted reduced graphene oxide/doxorubicin nanocomposite for dual-targeted chemo-photothermal cancer therapy

Herein, we design a rGO-based magnetic nanocomposite by decorating rGO with citrate-coated magnetic nanoparticles (CMNP). The magnetic rGO (mrGO) was modified by phospholipid-polyethylene glycol to prepare PEGylated mrGO, for conjugating with gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-binding peptide (mrGOG). The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was bound to mrGO (mrGOG) by π-π stacking for drug delivery triggered by the low pH value in the endosome. The mrGOG showed enhanced photothermal effect under NIR irradiation, endorsing its role for dual targeted DOX delivery. With efficient DOX release in the endosomal environment and heat generation from light absorption in the NIR range, mrGOG/DOX could be used for combination chemo-photothermal therapy after intracellular uptake by cancer cells. We characterized the physico-chemical as well as biological properties of the synthesized nanocomposites. The mrGOG is stable in biological buffer solution, showing high biocompatibility and minimum hemolytic properties. Using U87 glioblastoma cells, we confirmed the magnetic drug targeting effect in vitro for selective cancer cell killing. The peptide ligand-mediated targeted delivery increases the efficiency of intracellular uptake of both nanocomposite and DOX up to ~3 times due to the over-expressed GRPR on U87 surface, leading to higher cytotoxicity. The increased cytotoxicity using mrGOG over mrGO was shown from a decreased IC50 value (0.70 to 0.48 μg/mL) and an increased cell apoptosis rate (19.8% to 47.1%). The IC50 and apoptosis rate changed further to 0.19 μg/mL and 76.8% in combination with NIR laser irradiation, with the photothermal effect supported from upregulation of heat shock protein HSP70 expression. Using U87 tumor xenograft model created in nude mice, we demonstrated that magnetic guidance after intravenous delivery of mrGOG/DOX could significantly reduce tumor size and prolong animal survival over free DOX and non-magnetic guided groups. Augmented with NIR laser treatment for 5 min, the anti-cancer efficacy significantly improves with elevated cell apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation. Together with safety profiles from hematological as well as major organ histological analysis of treated animals, the mrGOG nanocomposite is an effective nanomaterial for combination chemo-photothermal cancer therapy.

THE ROTATIONAL EFFECT OF MAGNETIC PARTICLES ON CELLULAR APOPTOSIS BASED ON FOUR ELECTROMAGNET FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEM

Objectives: Magnetic drug targeting offers the latest popular alternative option to deliver magnetic drug carriers into targeting region body parts through manipulation of an external magnetic field. However, the effectiveness of using an electromagnetic field to manipulate and directing magnetic particles is yet to be established. Methods: In this paper, a homemade cost-effective electromagnet system was built for the purpose of studying the control and directing the magnetic drug carriers. The electromagnet system was built with four electromagnetic sources and tested the capability in directing the particles’ movement in different geometry patterns. Besides that, the creation of the self-rotation of individual magnetic particle clusters was achieved by using fast switching between magnetic fields. This self-rotation allows the possibility of cell apoptosis study to carry out. The system was constructed with four electromagnets integrated with a feedback control system and built to manipulate a droplet of commercially available iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticles to steer the magnetic droplet along different arbitrary trajectories (square, circle, triangle, slanted line) in 2-dimensional. Results: A dynamic magnetic field of 25 Hz was induced for magnetic nanoparticles rotational effect to observe the cell apoptosis. A profound outcome shows that the declining cell viability of the cell lines by 40% and the morphology of shrinking cells after the exposure of the dynamic magnetic field. Conclusion: The outcome from the pilot study gives an idea on the laboratory setup serves as a fundamental model for studying the electromagnetic field strength in applying mechanical force to target and to rotate for apoptosis on cancer cell line study.

SPIONs and magnetic hybrid materials: Synthesis, toxicology and biomedical applications

Abstract In the past decades, a wide variety of different superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been synthesized. Due to their unique properties, such as big surface-to-volume ratio, superparamagnetism and comparatively low toxicity, they are principally well suited for many different technical and biomedical applications. Meanwhile, there are a numerous synthesis methods for SPIONs, but high requirements for biocompatibility have so far delayed a successful translation into the clinic. Moreover, depending on the planned application, such as for imaging, magnetic drug targeting, hyperthermia or for hybrid materials intended for regenerative medicine, specific physicochemical and biological properties are inevitable. Since a summary of all existing SPION systems, their properties and application is far too extensive, this review reports on selected methods for SPION synthesis, their biocompatibility and biomedical applications.

Solute dispersion of drug carrier during magnetic drug targeting for blood flow through a microvessel

A model on magnetic drug targeting is developed to determine the capture conditions on the efficient dispersion of drug-coated nanoparticles in a tumor environment. These particles consist of a non-magnetic core material containing embedded magnetic nanoparticles and a therapeutic agent (such as a photodynamic sensitizer). In the present problem, we have studied the solute dispersion during magnetic drug targeting through a microvessel. The particles are injected into the microvascular system upstream of the cancerous tissue and captured in the tumor using an applied magnetic field. The fluid velocity and the particle velocity due to the magnetic field are calculated analytically, while the solute transport equation is solved numerically by using the finite difference method. The fluid force is assumed on the capillary and the carrier undergoing magnetic force due to an external magnetic field. Solving the equations of fluid flow and solute transport simultaneously, the influence of the model biological parameters, such as volume fraction of the nanoparticles, magnetization, magnet–tumor distance, permeability of the capillaries, Peclet number, drug elimination, source term, and radius of the nanoparticle in the dispersion of drug-coated nanoparticles in microvessels, is also discussed. The results show that higher values of volume fraction of the magnetic particles, magnetization of the magnet, drug elimination, and source term associated with longer times are taken by drug-coated magnetic nanoparticles to reach the tumor position. Moreover, an increase in the tumor–magnet distance, permeability of the microvessel, Peclet number, and radius of the nanoparticle slows the rate at which the drug-coated magnetic nanoparticles reach the tumor position.

The magnetic induction heating of graphene coated iron coated iron composite

A graphene -coated iron nanoparticles produced by carbon arc method, which can be used as a new kind of magnetic targeting and heating drug carrier for cancer therapy. It presents an special nanostructure of iron nanoparticles in inner core and nano-graphene shells outside. The inner core has great effect of targeting magnetic heating and its nano-graphene shells have a high drug adsorption ability due to its high surface area. Magnetic induction heating effect of pig liver injected mixed liquids with different concentration graphene coated iron particles in physiological saline indicates that the more quantity of nanoparticles used, the higher temperature it is. Magnetic induction heating effect of the pig liver was compared in the case of filling method and injection method (both were containing 0.3g graphene coated iron nanoparticles). The iron nanoparticle in its inner core has good effect of magnetic induction heating, the temperature can go up to 51 ℃ in the case that graphene coated iron nanoparticles mixed with physiological saline were distributed uniformly in pig liver. And the temperature can go up to 46℃ in the case that graphene-coated iron nanoparticles was injected in a certain section of pig liver. It is obvious that injected one is much better than that of filled, but they are all enough to kill the cancer cells.