Macroscopic Element Research Articles

Three problems are considered in this paper viiieh are important in determining the effect of scattering on distant radio fields. The first problen is the attenuation of radio signals caused by scatterin1. Booker and Gordon2 supposed secondary scattering to be negligible, and proceeded to develop the general equation for scattering without including this component. This paper shows their assumption to be vdid by detemining the total power scattered per unit macroscopic element of volume relative to the power incidenton the volume. The second problem is a volume integration to determine the total scattered signal reaching axceiver point3. An equation is developed in terms of the propagation parameters vrhich will give this total signal. The third problem is that of cross polarization4 in the scattered wave. In working on the second problem, it was noted that a difference in polarization existed in the scattered signal which came from different elements of the scattering volume. A system of dipoles at right angles to each other was then assumed, and equations developed for determining the scattered signal received on each of these dipoles. Nmerical examples were coaputed and are coqared with field measwements of the cross polarized signal.

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