Macro-control Policies Research Articles

A Comparative Analysis of Policy Responses to Development Gaps in ASEAN: Examining the Effectiveness of Macroeconomic and Regional Integration Strategies

Abstract: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) integration was originally developed to respond more effectively to political and economic pressures from outside and collective bargaining power with a unified regional organisation. However, the significant disparity in development levels among ASEAN member States posed a challenge to that goal and to the sustainable economic development of ASEAN. This paper will analyse all aspects of the existing disparity in the level of development of ASEAN member countries and the reasons behind it. It will also present and analyse existing policies and mechanisms in ASEAN that address the imbalance in the level of development. To analyse the challenges for ASEAN to address the issue of imbalance in the level of development in the light of the effectiveness of the current ASEAN response to the imbalance in the level of development and the objective and realistic context of the ASEAN member States in terms of the comparison between the countries with high level of development and the countries with low level of development. ASEAN's macro-control policies, influenced by the system, do pay attention to the key factors affecting high and low levels of development, but ASEAN lacks targeted response programmes for countries and regions with complex political contexts.

What influences the development of wine-producing regions? New economic opportunities in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in China

The formation and development of wine regions require unique natural conditions and hundreds of years of technical and cultural accumulation. The development of the wine industry at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in China, in addition to the appropriate geographical environment, the technical migration, and talent flow supported by consistent policies, have improved the allocation ability of resource factors and conversion efficiency, making it a world-renowned new wine-producing region in just 40 years. This particular mechanism deserves attention as new industries develop in other parts of the world. Using the methods of spatial autocorrelation, hot spot analysis, and geographic detector, this paper comprehensively analyzes the growth and spatial evolution characteristics of wineries in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in China and deeply discusses the mechanism of the interaction between the localization of global floating capital and China's unique regional economic policies. It is found that the local selection of global floating capital has a spatial locking effect on the formation of CHMWR, and the rolling support policies of China's central and local governments promote the rapid expansion and regional spread of the number and scale of wineries, with significant spatial agglomeration and spatial diffusion. The profound mechanism of such changes lies in the dual interaction of the local selection of global liquid capital and the Chinese government's wine-producing policies adapted to the geographical environment. In this process, a series of internal and external factors such as the innovation of grape planting and wine-making technology, consumer market, and government behavior have accelerated the continuous growth of the wine-producing region at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia. This paper adds a new understanding and deep understanding of the interaction between the local implantation of economic globalization and the macro-control policies of the Chinese government.

A Research on Evaluation Index System of High Quality Housing

After decades of rapid development, China's real estate industry is transforming from large-scale to high-quality development. The outline of the national 14th Five-Year Plan and the introduction of macro-control policies such as "three red lines" and "centralized land supply" have formed a consensus on improving the quality of housing in a wider range, which all point to the same direction, that is, real estate should return to the property of people's livelihood and pay attention to people-oriented and high-quality development. Residents' housing concept has undergone a major change, putting forward higher requirements for residence satisfaction, and the demand for housing has also shifted from quantity to quality. High-quality housing has become an inevitable trend in the development of residential construction. According to the requirements of high-quality development of housing construction, this paper explores and studies the evaluation index system of high-quality housing from the perspective of residents' feelings to help improve the overall happiness index of residents.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Economy of Shanxi Province and the Countermeasures for Its Recovery

The outbreak of COVID-19 has swept the world and caused a huge impact on the world and China's economy. Although it has entered the post-epidemic era, the epidemic is still an uncertain factor for economic development. Studying the impact of COVID-19 on the economy of Shanxi Province can help the province reasonably formulate macro-control policies and consolidate the results of the recovery of the epidemic, which has important theoretical and practical significance. This study conducted a study on the impact of the epidemic on the economy of Shanxi Province, analyzed the impact of the epidemic on the economy of Shanxi Province in different periods, and concluded that the epidemic seriously affected the economic growth of Shanxi Province in 2020 and 2022, and had an impact on various industries, especially transportation, cultural tourism, catering and accommodation. Additionally, it examined Shanxi Province's progress toward economic and employment recovery in the wake of the pandemic. All industries in Shanxi Province showed apparent signs of recovery as a result of the government hosting employment fairs and setting up promotional tools. Finally, it offers policy recommendations to support the ongoing modernization and transformation of conventional sectors, aid in the recovery and expansion of small, medium, and micro companies, and boost public investment.

Analysis of Regional Differences and Influencing Factors of Real Estate Prices: An Empirical Study Based on 31 Provinces in China

Currently, the continuous rise in housing prices in China has brought about social issues regarding housing fairness. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the influencing factors of China's real estate prices and the effects of these factors. This article first identifies ten variables that have a significant impact on housing prices through analysis, and then conducts empirical analysis separately for the eastern and central-western regions. Based on the correlation and model multicollinearity tests, two corresponding models are established. Subsequently, this article uses a multiple linear regression model for regression and uses a test set to verify the model's effectiveness, conducting quantitative analysis. Combining the analysis results, the factors that have a significant impact on housing prices in the eastern region of China are identified as the sales area of commercial housing, rental prices, and unemployment rates. In the central-western region, the factors with a significant impact on housing prices are disposable income and real estate development costs. Based on these conclusions, this article proposes relevant policy suggestions, which are expected to provide a basis for differentiated macro-control policies by the government.

Study on the Impact of Government Subsidies on the Level of Corporate Cash Dividend Payments based on a Different Perspective

At this stage, China has entered a "new normal" period of economic development in which the government plays a key role in macro-control policies and resource allocation. The level of cash dividend payment is both a guarantee for enterprises to return the rights and interests earned from consumers' investment and to signal to the market that the enterprise is operating well, and a requirement to alleviate the enterprise agency problem and help the capital market operations in an orderly manner. By paying cash dividends, enterprises improve people's livelihood and achieve social equity by sounding the income distribution mechanism. In this paper, a-share listed enterprises from 2016 to 2020 were taken as the research object, the level of cash dividend payment as the explanatory variable, the government subsidy as the explanatory variable, and 9 control variables and 2 virtual variables were selected for probit regression analysis. The results show that government subsidies have a significant effect on the level of cash dividend payment, and there are significant differences in the degree of effect among different types of enterprises, and hypotheses 1 and 2 proposed in this paper are verified.

Temporal responses of PM2.5-bound trace elements and health risks to air control policy in a typical northern city in China during 2016–2020

A package of macro-control policies at the national level was an effective way to control air pollution. It was of great practical significance to study the trends of pollution sources and source-specific health risks of PM2.5-bound trace elements under long-term policies implementation, which in turn can not only gain insight into the substantive impact of policies, but also provide accurate guidance for future environmental management. In this study, winter PM2.5 samples were collected in Baoding City in northern China from 2016 to 2020, and variations in pollution sources and source-specific health risks of trace elements in PM2.5 were comprehensively analyzed. The results demonstrated that the concentrations of 10 elements displayed a declining trend, especially those of As, Sn, Zn, Sb, and Cd. By contrast, the concentration of Cr increased (except in 2020). Although the non-carcinogenic risk (NCR, including dust source) and carcinogenic risk (CR) from coal combustion and industrial emissions had decreased in the past five years, the NCR and CR still exceed the widely accept level for both adults and children in the winter of 2020. Coal combustion source was no longer the major contributor to the health risks caused by PM2.5-bound trace elements in winter, but vehicle related non-exhaust emissions have gradually become the main source of pollution.

Research on the Development Status and Strategies of Rural E-Commerce Under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy——Based on Field Research and Empirical Study of Three Cities in China

Rural e-commerce is a high-speed engine to implement the rural revitalization strategy and accelerate rural modernization. To develop rural e-commerce, we should adapt measures to local conditions and take the road of e-commerce suitable for ourselves. This paper studies the supply side and demand side of rural e-commerce, and at the supply side level of rural e-commerce, based on the field investigation, this paper uses the SWOT analytic method to study the current situation of e-commerce in rural areas of Weihai, Yantai, Rizhao. Then using the questionnaire analysis method, from the perspective of farmers, views of agricultural producers on rural development e-commerce poverty alleviation were studied. At the demand side level of rural e-commerce, this paper uses the OLS regression model to study the factors affecting consumers' willingness to purchase agricultural products through self-built function model. Then, it analyzes the development prospects of rural e-commerce from the perspective of consumers through the distribution of questionnaires. Finally, based on the previous analysis, this paper puts forward research conclusions and suggestions from the supply side of rural e-commerce, the demand side of rural e-commerce, and Chinese government's macro-control policy.

The Impact of Housing Demand on Housing Price Fluctuations—Taking Wuhan as an Example

The housing problem is related to the well-being of the people's livelihood, and the housing price problem has always been a hot topic of social concern. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the problem of expensive housing in big cities has become more prominent, and the problem of housing prices has plagued the people. With the rapid economic development of big cities, more and more people are pouring into big cities to work and buy houses, and house prices are also rising sharply. Due to the government's macro-control policies and the epidemic, housing prices have also been affected. This paper intercepts the time series data such as the average house price and the gross regional product (GDP), price index (CPI), the number of permanent residents and the per capita disposable income of residents in Wuhan from 2000 to 2020. Using multiple regression model, it is concluded that the demand-side factors such as GDP, price index and disposable income of residents in Wuhan will positively affect housing prices, and thus predict the fluctuation trend of house prices in Wuhan in the future and put forward corresponding suggestions.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Real Estate Market to Household Consumption under Macro-control Policy

Housing has become an important part of household wealth in China. On the one hand, it can promote household consumption through the wealth effect, on the other hand, it may reduce household consumption due to the "house slave effect". Throughout the research process of housing assets, most scholars study the horizontal level, through the data tracking of different families, to explore the impact of housing assets on household consumption. Based on the data from China Household Finance Survey from 2011 to 2019, this paper constructs a balanced panel, and uses OLS and fixed effect model to analyze the impact of housing asset appreciation on household consumption. The results show that the appreciation of housing assets can promote household consumption. In the heterogeneity analysis, for the families with only one suite, the housing is mostly to meet the living demand, and the role of housing assets in promoting consumption is small. In addition, for families in the central and western regions, under the influence of housing asset appreciation, the level of household consumption is higher. Mechanism analysis shows that the appreciation of housing assets alleviates household credit and makes households smooth consumption by borrowing. The policy implications of this paper are: to strengthen the implementation of "purchase restriction", improve the proportion of public participation in macro-control, and further improve the real estate industry supervision system.

Endogenous Land Supply Policy, Economic Fluctuations and Social Welfare Analysis in China

Motivated by the observation that land supplied by the Chinese government is highly counter-cyclical with GDP fluctuations, this paper constructs a DSGE model to study the relationship between China’s land supply policy and economic fluctuations, and further evaluate the welfare effects. By way of counterfactual exercises, this paper finds that endogenous land supply policy has “direct effect (production input channel)” and “indirect effect (intermediate goods channel)” on GDP fluctuations, and both tend to dampen economic fluctuations in China’s macroeconomy. Specifically, GDP fluctuations increase by 63.35% without the “indirect effect”, increase by 66.75% without the “direct effect”, and increase by 66.79% without both effects. In addition, endogenous land supply policy can increase social welfare by about 1.38%. Verifying by the stylized facts in China, this paper argues that endogenous land supply is an efficient macro-control policy to smooth the economy and increase social welfare.

Urbanisation and ecosystem health in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomerations, China: A U-curve relationship.

Rapid urbanisation in global urban agglomerations has caused serious disturbances to the structure, function, and health state of ecosystems. Investigating the driving mechanisms behind the impact of urbanisation level (UL) on ecosystem health index (EHI) is important for constructing ecological civilisation and developing superior urban agglomerations in China. However, no in-depth studies exist on these mechanisms in various urban agglomerations, which makes formulation and implementation of effective ecosystem management and control policies difficult. In this study, we estimated UL and EHI based on multisource data, and a set of spatial regression models were then used to analyse the driving mechanisms at global and local scales in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomeration (MRYRUA) in China between 1995 and 2015. Our results demonstrated that EHIs in the MRYRUA were 0.627, 0.613, and 0.610 in 1995, 2005, and 2015, respectively, with 2.71% decreases during the study period. The EHI in the surrounding mountainous regions was considerably higher than that in the plains. There was a significant spatial dependence between the UL and EHI. Low UL and high EHI, high UL and low EHI, and low UL and low EHI were the dominant relationship types in the MRYRUA (25.61%, 11.83%, and 11.27%, respectively). A 10% increase in UL resulted in 1.79%, 2.50%, and 2.99% decrease in EHI for each reference year in the spatial error model with lag dependence model. A U-shaped relationship was identified between UL and EHI in different urban agglomerations and cities of different administrative levels. Therefore, the results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the formulation of macro-control policies and locally specific control policies for ecosystem protection in the MRYRUA.

Socioeconomic Development Trend Prediction Model and Research Which is Based on Deep Neural Network

In recent years, my country’s economic development has entered a new stage, and economic development has entered a new height. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the most important and commonly used measure to evaluate social and economic development. It can comprehensively reflect the operating conditions of the economy. At the 2014 APEC summit, Xi Jinping focused on the characteristics of the new normal of China’s economy. The economic growth has undergone major changes, and the economic structure has become more and more complete and has been continuously optimized. Therefore, the driving force of innovation plays an important role in the future social and economic development. The high-tech demonstration zone is the main hub of my country’s economic innovation and scientific and technological progress, and the development of the high-tech demonstration zone is particularly important in the development of the innovative economy. By predicting the economic growth, the development structure can be adjusted in time, and the coordinated allocation of resources can be achieved, which is conducive to the stable and rapid development of the economy. Therefore, it is very necessary to predict my country’s economic growth. At present, more and more scholars have invested more energy in the establishment of economic forecasting models. Previously, the prediction effect of traditional models was not satisfactory. At present, the field of target camera machine learning has been transferred. The application of the powerful nonlinear fitting ability of the machine learning model can improve the prediction effect. Based on this, this paper studies the use of artificial neural network with improved BP algorithm to predict social and economic development, and analyzes social and economic development trends and changing laws. The results show that the forecasting model constructed in this paper has a good forecasting effect, and the research results can provide a theoretical basis for scientifically formulating macro-control policies.

Research on Sustainable Development Strategy of Chinese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

Small and medium-sized enterprises are an important part of China's national economy. They play an irreplaceable role in the national economy and social development by constructing the main body of China's market economy, promoting economic development, promoting social employment and promoting social stability. At present, small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, as the group with the greatest development potential and innovation vitality, play an important role in the process of building an innovative country in China. However, the short average life span is a common problem in China's small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. After the financial crisis, due to the worldwide economic recession and the changes of China's macro-control policies, small and medium-sized enterprises are facing the problem of financing difficulties. At the same time, China's small and medium-sized enterprises generally have a big gap compared with domestic large enterprises and multinational companies in terms of technology, internal and external system construction and perfection. The sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises lies not only in the improvement of technical ability, but also in the establishment of internal and external systems.

Research on the Impact of "Dual Carbon Goals" on New Energy Vehicle Industry Has Financing Efficiency based on DEA-Malmquist's Analysis

Driven by the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the low carbonization of China's transportation sector has become an inevitable trend. As the largest carbon emission tool in the field of transportation, the automobile is naturally closely related to the realization of the double carbon target, and the implementation of the double carbon target will obviously have a certain impact on the new energy automobile industry. This project aims to study the extent to which the double carbon target affects the financing efficiency of the new energy automobile industry, and analyze the degree to which the financing efficiency of the new energy automobile industry in different regions is affected by the changes in the internal and external financing environment variables. Through the research, it is hoped to enlighten the government's formulation of macro-control policies and improve the energy consumption structure of the new energy automobile industry, and provide targeted policy suggestions for the country's macro-control of the new energy automobile industry from the level of economic leverage.

Research on System Economic Operation and Management Based on Deep Learning

It is of great significance to accurately predict the operation of the system economy, analyze the gains and losses of macrocontrol policies, evaluate the operation quality of the economic system, and correctly formulate the future development plan and strategy. This paper introduces the deep belief network, which has attracted much attention in the field of deep learning in recent years, into the research of system economic operation and management. This method solves the problems of slow training and learning speed, easy to fall into local minima and insufficient generalization of BP artificial neural network in the research of system economic operation and management. Taking the consumer price index and total import and export volume of F Province as the research object, the experiment proves that DBN has better application in system economic operation and management than BP neural network and vector autoregressive analysis. This paper analyzes and compares the modeling performance of DBN, BP neural network, and VaR method from many aspects, such as prediction accuracy, training convergence speed, and pretraining with or without samples. Relevant empirical results show that DBN has better economic prediction performance than BP neural network and ver. On the other hand, DBN can effectively use nonstandard samples to pretrain network weight parameters. Therefore, DBN is a better operation and management modeling means of economic system, with excellent practicability and application, and is expected to be popularized and applied in the field of economic forecasting.

A Forecasting Method for Macro-Control Policy of Heating Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions Based on Building Area and Energy Intensity: A Case Study of Northern China

In response to extreme climate change, China has set a goal of reaching emission peak by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. Energy conservation and emission reduction of building heating in northern China are key to achieving this goal. Based on building area prediction and energy consumption intensity, this paper establishes a model for calculating heating energy consumption and carbon emissions in northern residential buildings at the macro level, which provides a basis for formulating policies related to heating and emission reduction in northern buildings. Based on the research method of scenario projection, combining the carbon emission subsets and future heating energy mix projections in northern China, the heating energy consumption in northern China decreases to 175, 149 and 135 Mtce in 2050 under the baseline, medium control and strict control scenarios, respectively. The heating energy consumption in the northern region should be controlled at least under the medium control scheme. Under this scenario, building heating carbon emissions in the north could be reduced to 450 MtCO2 by 2050, or 280 MtCO2 if more stringent abatement technologies are adopted. In order to achieve this goal, a combination of energy-saving technologies must be used. The use of biomass and solar technologies should be emphasized in rural heating, while envelope renovation makes the greatest contribution to heating energy savings, with envelope renovation contributing up to 92 Mtce to urban heating.

长江中游城市群生态系统健康时空演变特征分析

城市群地区生态系统健康状况关乎城市群的可持续发展，科学测度城市群地区生态系统健康水平对城市群地区生态系统健康宏观调控政策制定具有重要的实践意义，然而当前生态系统健康评价仍存在不足之处。生态系统服务是反映生态系统健康状况的重要组成部分，如何把生态系统服务纳入生态系统健康评估框架中，成为了当前研究讨论的热点话题。拟把基于InVEST模型评估的生态系统服务纳入生态系统健康评估框架中，构建了基于"生态系统活力-生态系统组织力-生态系统弹性-生态系统服务"的评估框架，结合多源数据对1995-2015年长江中游城市群生态系统健康水平时空特征进行测度。结果显示：（1）研究期间长江中游城市群地区生态系统健康状况总体有所恶化，恶化区域主要分布在城市群的核心地区；（2）研究期间长江中游城市群地区生态系统健康存在显著的空间依赖性，生态系统健康高值区主要分布在周边山区以及中部的罗霄山脉，生态系统健康低值区主要分布在平原地区、大城市周边地区以及主要的交通线路沿线地区。本研究结果可以为其他地区生态系统健康评估以及长江中游城市群地区生态系统健康保护政策制定提供科学借鉴。;Rapid urbanization in urban agglomerations has resulted in serious degradation of ecosystem functions and deterioration of ecosystem health, which hinders the current process of new-type urbanization and ecological civilization construction in China. Healthy ecosystem in urban agglomerations is closely related to the sustainability of urban agglomerations. The scientific assessment of the ecosystem health status has important practical significance for the formulation of macro-control policies for ecosystem health in the urban agglomerations, but the current studies about the ecosystem health evaluation in urban agglomerations were still insufficient. An increasing number of studies have been carried out on the theories, concepts, spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics, and influencing factors of ecosystem health, but few studies have included the results of ecosystem services assessment based on InVEST model into the theoretical framework of ecosystem health assessment. Ecosystem services assessment is an important part to reflect the health status of the ecosystem. Ecosystem services assessment based on InVEST model can well reflect the structure, function, and ecological process of ecosystem services, and realize the spatial and dynamic quantitative assessment of ecosystem services. How to integrate ecosystem services into the framework of ecosystem health assessment has become a hot topic of the current studies. Based on the ecosystem services evaluated by InVEST model, this study constructed the ecosystem health assessment framework system of Vigor-Organization-Resilience-Ecosystem Services, and evaluated the ecosystem health level in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations (MRYRUA) with multi-source data. The results showed that:(1) the ecosystem health index in Jianghan Plain, Dongting Lake Plain, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanchang, and other surrounding counties was mostly below 0.35, while the ecosystem health index of the surrounding mountainous counties was more than 0.65. In addition, the ecosystem health index of units along major traffic routes was lower than that of other regions. The overall ecosystem health status in the MRYRUA deteriorated during the study period, mainly in the core areas of these urban agglomerations. (2) The ecosystem health in the MRYRUA showed significantly spatial dependence during the study period, the high-valued areas of ecosystem health were mainly distributed in the surrounding mountainous areas and the central Luoxiao Mountains, while the low-valued areas of ecosystem health were mainly distributed in the plain areas, the surrounding areas of key cities, and the areas along the main traffic routes. The results of the study can provide scientific support for ecosystem health assessment in other regions and ecosystem health protection policy-making in the MRYRUA.

交通通达度对生态系统健康的影响——以长江中游城市群为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 交通通达度对生态系统健康的影响——以长江中游城市群为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202101230245 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42001187，42001231，41701629）；地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室开放基金项目（2021-KF-03） Impact of traffic accessibility on ecosystem health: A case study of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.42001187 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:完善的交通基础设施网络是形成高度同城化和高度一体化城市群的前提和基础，科学探测城市群地区交通通达度对生态系统健康状况的影响机理对城市群地区生态系统保护以及区域可持续发展具有重要实践意义和价值。基于多源数据分别测度了1995-2015年长江中游城市群交通通达度以及生态系统健康水平，并借助双变量空间自相关与空间回归模型从全局和局部的角度揭示了交通通达度对生态系统健康的影响机理。研究结果显示：（1）研究期间长江中游城市群生态系统健康状况总体呈现降低态势，山区生态系统健康水平显著高于平原地区；（2）双变量空间自相关分析结果显示交通通达度和生态系统健康水平之间存在显著的空间依赖性，二者之间主要的关系类型包括低交通通达度水平-低生态系统健康水平、高交通通达度水平-低生态系统健康水平和低交通通达度水平-高生态系统健康水平三种类型；（3）空间回归结果显示交通通达度的增加会导致生态系统健康状况的恶化，而且交通通达度对生态系统健康的影响具有显著的空间异质性。研究发现可以为长江中游城市群地区生态系统健康保护宏观调控政策制定以及差异化管控政策制定提供科学依据。 Abstract:The gradual improvement of traffic network in urban agglomeration plays an important role in the construction of national land development environment, construction of national land development structure, and optimization of functional space system. At the same time, it also causes serious disturbance to the structure and function of ecosystem and the health status of ecosystem, and seriously threatens the sustainable development of urban agglomeration. How to promote the high-quality development of urban agglomerations and alleviate the disturbance and damage of urban agglomerations to ecosystem health has become an urgent problem to be answered and solved in the current development process of urban agglomerations. To scientifically reveal the spatial relationship between traffic accessibility and ecosystem health in urban agglomerations, and to clarify the impact mechanism of traffic accessibility on ecosystem health is an effective way to solve this issue. Based on multi-source data, this study measured the traffic accessibility and ecosystem health level in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations (MRYRUA) from 1995 to 2015, and estimated the influence mechanism of traffic accessibility on ecosystem health with bivariate spatial autocorrelation and an integrated spatial regression models from the global and local perspectives. The results showed that:(1) the overall ecosystem health in the MRYRUA exhibited a decreasing trend, and the ecosystem health level in the mountainous areas were significantly higher than those of the plain areas during the study period. (2) The bivariate spatial autocorrelation results showed that there was a significantly spatial dependence between traffic accessibility and ecosystem health. The spatial relationships between them mainly included low traffic accessibility-low ecosystem health level, high traffic accessibility-low ecosystem health level, and low traffic accessibility-high ecosystem health level. (3) The spatial regression results showed that traffic accessibility development would lead to the deterioration of ecosystem health. The impact of traffic accessibility on ecosystem health had significantly spatial heterogeneity. The results show that the ecosystem health is not only affected by the ecosystem elements of the local unit, but also by the health status of the surrounding units or distant units and other factors. Therefore, the trans-regional joint governance is particularly important in urban agglomeration. Secondly, the results show that the impact of traffic accessibility on ecosystem health has significant spatial heterogeneity, and local differentiated management and control measures for regional future traffic construction and ecosystem health protection are necessary for the sustainable development of urban agglomerations. The findings can provide a scientific basis for the formulation of macro-control policies for ecosystem health protection and differentiated control policies for urban agglomerations in the MRYRUA. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

How do demand-side policies contribute to the electrification and decarburization of private transportation in China? A CGE-based analysis

Deploying electric vehicles (EVs) is an important strategy for addressing local pollution and greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. However, EV purchase subsidies in China are being phased down, which could result in an oversupply of EVs. Therefore, based on a computable general equilibrium model with detailed transport and electricity technologies modules, this study focuses on establishing several feasible demand-side policies for private transport electrification and decarbonisation in China and analyses their environmental and socioeconomic effects. Results show that the effects of keeping subsidies are best for EV penetration in the short-term, and those of improving consumption preference are optimal in the long run. However, both measures show relatively limited effects on carbon abatement, energy savings, and electrification. Therefore, to improve overall EV penetration, we suggest a combination of keeping subsidies in the short-term and moderately improving EV consumption preference in the long run. Moreover, to improve the carbon abatement effect of EV deployment, a subsidy for renewable electricity should be implemented to promote the cost competitiveness of low-carbon electricity, which has positive effects on carbon abatement, fossil energy savings, electrification and smaller GDP loss. Meanwhile, targeted operations planning for EVs, petroleum-fuelled vehicles, electricity and petroleum enterprises were also proposed under different macro-control policy scenarios.