Production Machines Research Articles

Penyusunan Rencana Persediaan dan Perkiraan Kebutuhan Kapasitas Jangka Panjang di PT.X

Production capacity planning is part of operations management that is realistic and applicable, so estimates of production capacity originating from forecasting consumer demand for these products must be known in advance so that companies can use resources effectively, in terms of quantity, time, and costs used for the production process. PT. X is a company that produces products in two groups, namely Product Group-I and Product Group-II. Product Group-I consists of two types of products, namely Product A and Product B, while Product Group-II consists of Product C and Product D. The Company is still experiencing difficulties in meeting consumer demand for these two product groups for the long term. This study aims to determine the total estimated consumer demand for two product groups within one year and the number of production machines needed to optimize the production process. Based on the results of calculations and analysis, the total estimated demand for Product Group-I for 12 months is 2216 units with a production time of 1520 hours. Meanwhile, the total estimated demand for Product Group-II for 12 months is 2,896 units with a production time of 1,709 hours. To meet consumer demand, PT. X must provide 2 units of production machines that are operated in parallel.

Identification of Screw Press Machine Damage Using Failure Mode And Effect Analysis Method in PT. Socfinfo Seunagan

The palm oil mill (PKS) is a place that serves as a place to process fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of palm oil into crude palm oil (CPO), palm kernels (kernels), fiber and palm shells. The processing of palm fruit into palm oil is carried out using production machines, one of which is a Screw Press machine [1]. In a factory, there are usually problems, one of which is at the Screw Press engine station. The Screw Press machine is one of the most important machines in palm oil mills. This study aims to identify damage and failures that occur in screw press machines. This study uses the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method, which is to find out or observe the level of failure and damage that occurs in the screw press machine so that it can minimize failures / damage that occur. Based on the results of the study, there were 9 failures and risks that occurred in the screw press machine components, with the highest Risk Priority Number found in the Special Bearing components with a value of
 
 While the lowest value is in the Spur Gear component, which is with a value of 24. From these results, it can be concluded that the Special Bearing component is a priority / priority for repairs.

THE MACHINE WITH NUMERICAL CONTROL

The work is devoted to the development and assembly of a numerically controlled machine. The authors describe the design of the working model of the machine based on Arduino Mega 2560 and stepper motors. The program used in this project was Coreldraw 7, in which almost all the details were drawn. The bearing holders were designed in the SketchUp 2017 Make 3D modeling program. The finished drawings were processed in the ArtCAM program to obtain a G-code that was opened using the Mach3 control program. The authors gave an assessment of the future device, the process of manufacturing and assembling the machine. The economic assessment of the model and the machine for serial production is given. The ecological and aesthetic evaluation of the machine is described.

Development of an automated system for stack cutting machine of rolling production

The article describes the development of an automated system for a batch cutting machine for rolling production. The use of an automated control system is substantiated, as well as the development of an automated control system that allows cutting 5 pipes diameter 40 mm at the same time. The rationale for the need to improve production efficiency by modernizing the algorithm of the machine and introducing new automation elements into its composition is presented. The analysis of the technological process of the batch cutting section was carried out. A functional diagram of automation has been developed. A description of each element of the functional diagram of automation and the purpose of its main functions are presented. The development of algorithms and visualization of the technological process of the automated system of the batch cutting machine was carried out. Modeling of a typical technological mode of operation of a batch cutting machine has been carried out. An automated system of a batch cutting machine has been developed, which makes it possible to increase the service life of circular saws by ensuring a uniform load on the teeth of a circular saw, with a general increase in production volumes. An estimate of capital costs has been compiled, maintenance and operation costs have been calculated after the introduction of the developed automated system. According to calculations, the developed automated system of the batch cutting machine will pay off in 2.8 years, and the profitability index is 1.07.

Pengaruh Pemberian Subsidi BBM Solar terhadap Peningkatan Persepsi Keuntungan Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil di Kabupaten Aceh Barat

Diesel subsidies are very important for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the West Aceh Region. This area is a center of agriculture and industry which is experiencing difficulties where everything depends on income in terms of agriculture and fisheries. These two processes are currently very much underpinning production machines driven by diesel-powered e-engines. The purpose of this research is to see how far the perception of the recipient of the subsidy is in receiving the subsidy itself. The 63 samples for this study were taken from the database of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) receiving diesel subsidies owned by the West Aceh District Industry and Trade Agency. From the results of the dissemination it is known that the subsidies given are still considered insufficient and need to be increased and the subsidy recipients state the amount of their income as the basis of the benefits they received.

Identifikasi Model Bisnis Di PT Berkat Abadi Korindo Kota Bitung

This study aims to identify the business model implemented by PT Berkat Abadi Korindo and map the business model implemented. This research was conducted from September to October 2022. The location was chosen deliberately. The types of data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews and FGDs with owners, financial and production managers from PT. Korindo's Eternal Blessing. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained through the Industry and Trade Office of Bitung City, literature, journals and research reports. The results of the study show that the customer segment of PT Berkat Abadi Korindo is a company selling fishing nets. Then the proposition offered is the customization of coir rope with quality standards in accordance with SNI. PT Berkat Abadi uses a link as a channel to reach its customers. Then the relationship with customers is carried out in a personal way. The revenus stream element from PT Berkat Abadi Korindo only sells coconut fiber rope. Furthermore, the main resources used are production machines with key activities in the form of production activities. While the main partnerships that support the running of the company are Liaison and Suppliers in the last element in the form of a cost structure containing fixed costs and variable costs. After obtaining information from the business model environment, it was identified that the business model used by PT Berkat Abadi Korindo was the Business Model Canvas.

Desain Mesin Pembuatan Gula Semut Berbahan Dasar Nira Kelapa Skala UMKM

Product development is a combination of technological trends that play a role in creating innovative works. Conceptual design is the initial phase of developing innovative product configurations. The processing of coconut sap into traditional palm sugar has constraints; the production process takes 4 to 6 hours and has a moisture content above 3%. The research objective was to obtain a machine design to increase production volume and reduce the water content in palm sugar. The machine design process begins with conducting interviews with 20 palm sugar craftsmen with approximately 5 years of experience to obtain information on priority needs. The VOC (Voice Of Customer) method can be used to determine priority designs and specifications. The results of the VOC process are (1) machine components made of food-grade materials, (2) production machines that are easy to operate and easy to maintain, (3) production machines with operational costs and affordable prices among MSMEs. The design development process has two alternative machines made using the Solidworks software. The results of the assessment of 30 SMEs’ palm sugar selected alternative two machine designs with dimensions of 70 x 60 x 155 cm. The advantage of the second engine design alternative is that it has a temperature sensor to adjust the gas valve and a pan with an insulator so that it can maintain temperature stability. The design of the palm sugar machine still requires innovation and development to increase production and quality.

Vumark’s Method of Production Layout Designing

The paper deals with the issue of the mixed-reality usage in the design of production systems, its changes during expansion, or technological changes in the production, where it is necessary to flexibly and quickly verify the integration of a new machine into the existing layout and eliminate collision situations even before the installation of a physical machine in production. This is realized through Vumark’s design methodology, which was verified and applied in the conditions of the production environment of the Innovation and Prototyping Centre in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Technical University of Kosice. The individual parts of the paper describe the Vumark deployment procedure in the production area and the software and hardware resources that the user can apply. Three production machines and one robotic device selected from the Factory design software database were chosen for the experiment. The chosen method enables us to verify during the experiment several variants of deployment the machines in the layout and thus to find the optimal location in a very short time. The experiment showed that the chosen method is applicable in practice and brings savings of time, costs, and energy especially when changing the layout or replacing the machine in the production hall.

Decoy Processes With Optimal Performance Fingerprints

Decoy targets such as honeypots and decoy I/O are characterized by a higher accuracy in detecting intrusions than anomaly, misuse, and specification-based detectors. Unlike these detectors, decoy targets do not attack an activity classification problem, i.e. they do not attempt to discern between normal activity and malicious activity. By design, decoy targets do not initiate system or network activity of their own, consequently any operation on a decoy target is unequivocally detected as malicious. However, we have found that this innate characteristic of decoy targets can be exploited by malware-initiated probes to detect them quite reliably. As a proof of concept, we describe red team tactics that collect and analyze live performance counters to detect decoy targets. To counter these threats on machines in production, we developed a defensive countermeasure that consists of decoy processes, with dynamics that are regulated and guarded by convolutional neural networks. Our deep learning approach characterizes and builds the performance fingerprint of a real process, which is then used to feed a performance profile into its decoy counterpart. Decoy processes emulate the existence of system activity, which is crafted to enable decoy I/O on machines in production to withstand malware probes. We evaluated the interplay between red team tactics and decoy processes integrated with a decoy Object Linking and Embedding for Process Control (OPC) server, and thus discuss our findings in the paper.

Ensuring reliable operation of stranding machine for cable production through the use of intelligent technologies

The article discusses the reliability of cable manufacturing equipment by diagnosing its technical condition. The solution of this issue is provided by the use of intelligent systems with expert assessment and prediction of probable failures in operation. The built-in working environment for the management of cable manufacturing equipment makes it possible to solve the issues posed by the reliability of cable making machines with a long service life by integrating artificial intelligence elements into a system with limited resources. The implementation of the solution to the problem is carried out on the stranding machine for cable production, on the example of which the options are considered that provide the necessary level of not only the reliability of the equipment in the manufacturing technology, but also the reliability in operation of the finished cable product.

Approaches for automated and computer-aided work plan generation for adaptive manufacturing process chains in one-off manufacturing - a literature review

Current trends such as mass individualization, matrix production, cloud manufacturing and production as a service can be addressed by implementing adaptive manufacturing process chains. Adaptive manufacturing process chains contain alternative manufacturing options at several levels (e.g. feature-based geometry sequence, manufacturing methods, production machines, clamping systems, fixture positions, tools or processing strategies) to be able to continuously adapt to the real time conditions of a manufacturing environment in the best possible way under given target variables. Currently, the design of process chains is often manual and based on implicit empirical knowledge, which on the one-side leads to non-optimal process chains and on the other side does not include alternative manufacturing possibilities. The required effort for implementing adaptive process chains is thus opposed to high costs and complexity in work planning. In this paper, a literature review is conducted to identify and evaluate approaches in the scientific literature for the generation of work plans of adaptive process chains in one-off manufacturing. The literature review is divided into three phases and is broken down into six steps. The preparation phase defines the scope of the research. In the implementation phase, approaches are first identified utilizing a keyword analysis based on the theoretical and practical principles of work planning and selected in a 2-step selection process. The evaluation of the relevant approaches by using defined evaluation criteria enables the identification of research deficits for the derivation of further research questions. The literature review in this paper concludes that no approach addresses all the different aspects of work planning comprehensively. In particular, the interactions of individual decisions between the planning dimensions are insufficiently considered.

Measurement Using the OEE Method and Design Using the Single Minute Exchange of Dies Method to increase Productivity in the Manufacturing Industry

The very rapid development of the manufacturing industry requires companies to be able to increase their productivity. Based on the analysis on the production machine, it is calculated that the Overall Equipment Effectiveness value is only 81%, this figure is still lower than the world class standard. What Affects Low OEE Value Is Performance and Machine Setup and Machine Downtime. This Repair Is Done Using Implementation Design of the Single Minute Exchange of Dies Method by Separating Internal and External Setups, Changing Internal Setup to External. After Getting Improved Internal and External Settings, The Time Reduction Value Is 30%, So It Can Improve Production Performance in The Manufacturing Industry.

Automation for feed motion of flat grinding machine improve accuracy and productivity machine

In the manufacturing industry, the suface for high quality and gloss are often processed by semi – finishing and finishing on the grinding machine after roughing or heat treatment. To improve machining accuracy, to increase labour productivity and product quality, it depends very much on the opertiong status and accuracy of the machine. Therefore, the article has introduced the solution for automation feed motion on a flat grinding machine base on mechanical system of machine, that can automatically control the machining process and integrated of programming to process gringding details with complex frofiles, improve the accuracy of the machine. The research results are carried out on the active real flat grinding products, high quality surface grinding, reducing pocessing time and improving effect opertating of the machine.

Mechatronic Coupling System for Cooperative Manufacturing with Industrial Robots

Rising product variants and shortened product life cycles require more flexible and universally utilizable production systems and machines. Consequently, it can be expected that the importance of industrial robots in production will continuously increase, due to their suitability to take over the role of a universal production machine. However, robots are not yet able to fulfill this role. Industrial use of robots has so far been limited mainly to simple transport and handling tasks in the context of human-robot collaboration as well as highly repetitive automated tasks in the context of manufacturing and assembly. For universal use, robots must be capable to perform more demanding tasks in manufacturing with higher requirements on mechanical stiffness and accuracy. Therefore, this paper presents a mechatronic system to couple two robots to a parallel kinematic system to temporarily increase the mechanical stiffness. The coupled state of the robots allows load sharing, higher process forces and eventually higher precision. The overall goal is to enable robots to perform more demanding manufacturing tasks and thus to be utilized in a wider range of applications. Design requirements, the development approach and optimization methods of the first coupling module prototype will be presented and discussed. The next development steps, a future demonstration system and possible use cases for the coupling module will be shown in the outlook.

Bio-based insulation materials and model predictive control of active cooling systems in machine tools

The adoption of biological principles and materials plays a decisive role in the conversion to sustainable production technologies. Measures for the biological transformation of a machine tool were implemented following the example of warm-blooded animal, which automatically control their core temperature and, depending on their habitat, possess an insulating layer of fat. In this work, thermal insulation measures were implemented on machine tools using renewable materials and their effects were evaluated.Insulation materials of petrochemical origin such as polystyrene (Styrofoam) were replaced by alternatives made of mycelium with comparable heat insulating properties. On the lower machine bed, a slowdown of the cooling rate was observed after application of insulation materials at external temperature drops. The insulation between the machine bed and the control cabinet was also found to reduce tool centre point (TCP) displacement. This cost-efficient measure reduces the error during the process and the effort required to correct the linear axes and to heat and cool the machine.To homogenize the temporal and spatial temperature profile of machine tools, a control system was developed to compensate for thermally induced errors by means of adaptive active cooling. Therefore, a model predictive control using an embedded artificial intelligence (AI) model to forecast the structural temperature development was implemented. Through a hybrid training database combining experimental and simulative data series, a both flexible and precise determination of the thermal system behaviour could be achieved. On a real production machine, the active cooling system is divided into five individually controllable and adjustable cooling circuits. This approach allows cooling the machine structure according to time and local demand to minimize thermally induced TCP displacement under variable operating conditions.This paper serves to define and evaluate possibilities and requirements for the integration of bio-based insulation materials and control algorithms for homoiothermic conditions in production machines.

IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCT NON-CONFORMITIES USING COMPUTER VISION ALGORITHMS

The implementation of computer vision in the process of identifying non-conforming products, as well as the application of technologies based on Internet networks, deep learning, large databases within the manufacturing industry leads to the emergence of quality 4.0. Today, the application of computer vision as well as non-conformity detection algorithms in the manufacturing industry can be seen as technological pillars of quality 4.0, which is in direct connection with the company's operations. The main goal of the work is the development of a system for identifying non-compliant products within the manufacturing industry, where the focus is on the application of technologies based on computer vision. The secondary goal of the work refers to the reduction of the necessary funds for the implementation of the system on production machines, the development of a universal, flexible system, where the timely identification of non-compliant products will reduce the company's losses.

Integrating Predictive Model Markup Language with Asset Administration Shell

The article presents a systematic approach to integrate Predictive Model Markup Language (PMML) with Asset Administration Shell (AAS) for manufacturing interoperability. The present system aims to exchange and share PMML, i.e., data analytics models, across AASs, i.e., asset representations of heterogeneous manufacturing assets. Furthermore, the present system is designed to automatically generate data analytics models on production machines, convert models into the PMML format, create AAS instances for the machines, and embed the PMML models onto the AAS instances. The article includes the design architecture, including a concept model, system architecture, information structure. An AAS client-server prototype is implemented to demonstrate the feasibility of the present system. In the prototype, a server creates and transmits the AAS that corresponds to a production machine and contains submodels associated with PMML-based energy prediction models derived by regression analysis and artificial neural network. A client receives and parses the AAS and its PMML models to predict energy consumed in the machine.

Лабораторное исследование дозирующего устройства для кормовых добавок

The experimental study presented in the article forms the basis for designing a dispenser servicing a robotic feed table on livestock farms. In the introduction, the author analyzes trends in the development of machines for on-farm production of compound feeds using dosing and weighing equipment, and describes the role and key performance indicators of the use of compound feeds of on-farm production for livestock breeding complexes. The articles presents a method for optimizing the design parameters of screw-type feed additive dispensers, a schematic diagram and a photo of an experimental installation. To control the electric motor of the experimental installation, a mathematical model was developed that takes into account the electric motor speed. A second-order mathematical model was used as a mathematical framework for processing experimental data, constructing response surfaces and regression equations. The experiment assumed a fi ve-fold weight measurement of the dosing error of feed additives for each type of the screw design.

Development of a novel integrated hopper briquette machine for sustainable production of pellet fuels

Water hyacinth (WH) is a rapidly growing seaweed and a potential renewable energy source. WH biomass can be processed and compressed to briquettes for use in cooking and heating coal power plants. Biomass is typically processed and compressed using conventional briquette machines (CBM). The inability of the CBM to produce the desired amount of briquette fuel within the time frame provided has necessitated the development of an innovative and versatile hopper briquette machine (HBM). This machine is capable of producing billets from abundant biomass in the tropics. HBM as an adaptable machine is employed for the sustainable production of solid fuel. For the first time, this study targeted the development of HBM to address the problem associated with CBM. The HBM's central components include a base frame, feed hopper, barrel, thrust bearing, dies, heating element, and others. The efficiency of the novel machine and production capacity were computed to be 85% and 120 kg/h, respectively. At the second run, the HBM produced 30 billets in 20 minutes. The basic properties of the briquette fuel and billet comply with those in the literature. The billet generated can be utilized as solid fuels in local bakeries, restaurants, domestic and industrial settings.

СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК МАШИНОВИПРОБУВАЛЬНОЇ СПРАВИ В УКРНДІПВТ ІМ. Л. ПОГОРІЛОГО

Summary The purpose of this work is to describe the historical path of the formation and development of the machine testing system and the creation and development of the main scientific institution of Ukraine for testing agricultural machinery and technologies – L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT. Methods: historical-scientific, dialectical-logical, bibliographic-statistical, problem-chronological, which contributed to the comprehensive analysis of the research subject based on the principles of comprehensiveness, historicism and scientific objectivity of knowledge. Results. It is known that the machine testing system performs an important scientific-technical and public-societal function, which connects agricultural production and agricultural machine building from the standpoint of accelerated testing of new machines and equipment and timely forecasting of directions for the development of competitive machinery and technologies, implementation of state and industry standards, protection environment, information and consumer protection. Today, these important functions are assigned to L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT – one of the leading state scientific and testing institutions of Ukraine, which unites the main research institute for forecasting and testing of agricultural machinery and technologies and zonal testing organizations (Lviv, South Ukrainian and Kharkiv branches) into a single scientific and testing institution. The stages of formation and development of the machine testing industry highlighted in this work include the activities of the Ukrainian Zonal Machine Testing Station (UkrMVS, 1948-1976), the All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Testing Machines and Equipment for Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production (VNDIVMOT, 1976-1991); Ukrainian Research Institute for Forecasting of Equipment and Technologies for Agricultural Production (UkrNDIPVT, since 1991), which on December 26, 2003 was named after a well-known test scientist in Ukraine and abroad, academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, doctor of technical Sciences, Professor Leonid Pogorilyy. The main areas of research and testing activities of L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT named after in the light of modern problems and tasks are presented. Keywords: machine testing, agriculture, agricultural technologies, L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT