Low Level Of Tolerance Research Articles

Early cellular events and potential regulators of cellulase induction in Penicillium janthinellum NCIM 1366

Cellulase production by fungi is tightly regulated in response to environmental cues, and understanding this mechanism is a key pre-requisite in the efforts to improve cellulase secretion. Based on UniProt descriptions of secreted Carbohydrate Active enZymes (CAZymes), 13 proteins of the cellulase hyper-producer Penicillium janthinellum NCIM 1366 (PJ-1366) were annotated as cellulases- 4 cellobiohydrolases (CBH), 7 endoglucanases (EG) and 2 beta glucosidases (BGL). Cellulase, xylanase, BGL and peroxidase activities were higher for cultures grown on a combination of cellulose and wheat bran, while EG was stimulated by disaccharides. Docking studies indicated that the most abundant BGL- Bgl2- has different binding sites for the substrate cellobiose and the product glucose, which helps to alleviate feedback inhibition, probably accounting for the low level of glucose tolerance exhibited. Out of the 758 transcription factors (TFs) differentially expressed on cellulose induction, 13 TFs were identified whose binding site frequencies on the promoter regions of the cellulases positively correlated with their abundance in the secretome. Further, correlation analysis of the transcriptional response of these regulators and TF-binding sites on their promoters indicated that cellulase expression is possibly preceded by up-regulation of 12 TFs and down-regulation of 16 TFs, which cumulatively regulate transcription, translation, nutrient metabolism and stress response.

Setting limits to tolerance: An experimental investigation of individual reactions to extremism and violence

Tolerating others' opinions, even if disliked, is a cornerstone of liberal democracy. At the same time, there are limits to political tolerance as tolerating extremists and groups who use violence would threaten the foundations of tolerance itself. We study people's willingness to set limits to tolerance in case of violence and extremism (scope of tolerance)—under different conditions regarding ideological groups (left-wing, right-wing, religious) and offline/online contexts of free speech. Using data from a large-scale survey experiment conducted in Germany, we show that citizens clearly set limits to tolerance of different groups, especially if the latter have violent intentions, and that people tend to be more tolerant online than offline. Moreover, we find that citizens are more tolerant toward groups that are closer to their own ideological stance. However, violence disrupts such an ideological bias as respondents across the ideological spectrum exhibit low levels of tolerance toward violent groups—irrespectively of their political stance. Our findings highlight the importance of situational factors as foundations of judgments on the limits to tolerance.

Smoking status affects cognitive, emotional and neural-connectivity response to distress-inducing auditory feedback

BackgroundAn important motive for cigarette smoking and impediment to cessation success is the avoidance of affective distress. Low levels of distress tolerance have been linked to smoking behavior, cessation history, smoking characteristics, and risk of recurrence among people who smoke. A better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying distress sensitivity could inform approaches to help reduce avoidance of affective distress during smoking cessation. Previously among healthy participants, low distress tolerance on an MRI version of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT-M), which induces distress via negative auditory feedback, was associated with larger differences in task-based functional connectivity (TBFC) between the auditory seed region and the anterior insula. MethodsHere, we tested differences in task performance and TBFC during affective distress among people who smoke (Smoke; n = 31) and people who quit smoking (Ex-smoke; n = 31). ResultsSmoke had poorer task accuracy and reported a steeper increase in negative mood from the easy to distress blocks. Smoke had a larger difference in connectivity (distress > easy condition) between the auditory seed region and the left inferior frontal gyrus and right anterior insula. Additionally, task accuracy positively correlated with the difference in connectivity (distress > easy condition) with the left inferior frontal gyrus and the right anterior insula among Smoke but not Ex-smoke. ConclusionsThese results are consistent with the idea that people who smoke are more sensitive to cognitive-affective distress and that the inferior frontal gyrus and anterior insula play important roles in the regulation of distress.

Tolerancja zachowań związanych z szerzeniem nienawiści w internecie w grupie młodych dorosłych: analiza empiryczna

Access to the Internet is associated with many risks for young people, including exposure to hate speech or haterade. The prevalence of this type of speech may reduce the sensitivity of young online users to this problem. Sometimes young people express indifference towards hate speech on the internet, and sometimes even find it funny or attractive. The aim of this article was to indicate the level of tolerance of hate behaviour among young adults. The research hypothesis was that young adults, despite frequent encounters with haterade and hate speech, are characterised by a low level of tolerance of online hate behaviour. Survey research was conducted to verify the hypothesis. The empirical research confirms the hypothesis. Young adults do not tolerate activities aimed at insulting, intimidating or offending other Internet users.

Variation in Seed Germination and Amylase Activity of Diverse Carrot [Daucus carota (L.)] Germplasm under Simulated Drought Stress

Drought is one of the major environmental challenges constraining the production of agricultural crops, including carrot. Seed germination is the initial and most critical stage of crop establishment, and it is very sensitive to drought stress because water scarcity affects the enzymatic solubilization of stored metabolites in seeds that provide energy for the growth of germinating embryo. Few studies evaluating the effect of drought stress on carrot seed germination of more than a few cultivars grown under stress have been published. Therefore, the present study was designed to define the appropriate osmotic potential for evaluating drought tolerance of carrot, evaluate the response of diverse carrot germplasm to drought stress during seed germination to identify drought-tolerant accessions that may be used by plant breeders, and evaluate the relation between amylase activity and germination rate of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive accessions. To identify an appropriate screening osmotic potential, two commercial cultivars and two United States Department of Agriculture inbreeds were evaluated at six osmotic potentials (00, −0.30, −0.51, −0.58, −0.80, and −1.05 MPa); −0.58 MPa was identified as the optimal osmotic potential for screening the drought tolerance of carrot seed. Cultivated and wild carrot plant introductions (PIs) (n = 200 and n = 50, respectively) from the National Plant Germplasm System were evaluated for drought tolerance under nonstress and simulated drought stress conditions (00 MPa and −0.58 MPa, respectively) by calculating the absolute decrease (AD) in percent germination, inhibition index (II), relative drought tolerance (RDT), and drought tolerance index (DTI). All measurements of drought tolerance identified significant differences among accessions; the AD in seed germination ranged from 0.0% to 69.3%, II ranged from 0.0% to 80.2%, RDT ranged from 0.2 to 1.0, and DTI ranged from 0.13 to 1.47. All wild carrot accessions displayed low levels of drought tolerance, but PI 652387 and PI 177381 (both from Turkey) and PI 274297 (Pakistan) were most drought-sensitive, whereas cultivated accessions PI 643114 (United States), PI 652208 (China), and PI 502347 (Uzbekistan) were most drought-tolerant. Tolerant accessions displayed much higher α-amylase activity under nonstress conditions than sensitive accessions, and α-amylase activity of tolerant accessions was also reduced less with seed germination under increasing osmotic potential (range, 0.0 to −1.05 MPa) than sensitive accessions over 24, 48, and 72 hours of seed germination. This is the first evaluation of drought stress tolerance during seed germination and the enzymatic response of diverse carrot germplasms under simulated drought stress.

The Relationship Between the Tolerance for Uncertainty and Psychophysiological Qualities of Servicemen

"The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between the tolerance for uncertainty level and several psychophysiological and psychological qualities of military specialists for determining additional approaches to occupational selection. The study was conducted on a group of servicemen who performed special tasks and were capable of responding to terrorism – 49 men (main group) and 19 military doctors (control group) – men aged 25-34 years. Tolerance for uncertainty was studied based on the modified S. Badnder’s method. The level of manipulation score (MAC) was assessed by the adapted I.A. Romanova and O.O. Zhdanov questionnaire (estimated by the so-called ""MacScale""). Psycho-physiological parameters were determined using a special computer program. Statistical analysis of data was performed by descriptive and nonparametric statistics, as well as a cluster, stepwise discriminant, and correlation analysis. A personality trait “tolerance for uncertainty” was valuable for the occupational activity of servicemen performing special tasks. The such feature had 63.3% of servicemen in the studied group. The specificity of the occupational activity of military doctors was the quality of manipulation of people. Moreover, those who were the most tolerant of uncertainty had an inverse relationship with Machiavellianism, which indicates the existence of compensatory psychological mechanisms balancing and harmonizing service and personal relationships among micro-teams of servicemen. Servicemen with a lower level of tolerance for uncertainty had positive relationships with several psychophysiological functions (strength and mobility of nervous processes, quality of dynamic memorization), which confirms the idea of psychophysiological mechanisms to enhance tolerance for uncertainty by increasing the working capacity of these people. Such personal quality as tolerance for uncertainty is a valuable occupationally important feature that allows performing the selection of servicemen who are more efficient and reliable in the performance of official duties tasks. "

A Study of the Subjective Feelings of Loneliness and Frustration Students

This article is focused on the study of the relationship between psychological loneliness and frustration. The theoretical aspects of the relationship between these psychological phenomena are considered. The results of an empirical study of indicators of loneliness and frustration among first-year students are presented. The study used: DOPO-3 Differential Loneliness Experience Questionnaire Leontiev D. A., Osin E. N.; G. Eysenck’s method of diagnosing self­assessment of mental states; Methods of diagnosing the level of social frustration L. I. Wasserman (V. V. Boyko modification). According to the level of subjective feeling of loneliness, subgroups of psychologically lonely and not lonely students were identified. Reliable differences in the level of frustration and social frustration were revealed between these subgroups. With the help of correlation analysis, significant positive correlations of the level of general experience of loneliness with the level indicators of frustration and social frustration were identified. The authors conclude that students with a low level of frustration tolerance have a higher risk of loneliness. Also, psychologically lonely students find it more difficult to cope with difficult life situations, they more often perceive them as insoluble.

Stress tolerance and features of student self-regulation during the pandemic period

The coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) of 2019 is a public health emergency all over the world, and in particular in our republic. This problem also poses serious questions in the context of psychological health. One of the problems is self-isolation, accompanied by intensive inclusion in the digital information environment, which has led to a deterioration in the psychological well-being of students and the emergence of stress. This article deals with the problem of a low level of stress tolerance of students during the post-COVIDtraining regime.During the coronavirus pandemic, measures were introduced around the world to stabilize the social, economic, and political spheres of life. Nevertheless, the pandemic has harmed both the way people live and their affective states. In this regard, the problem of increasing the stress resistance of students at the present stage is of particular importance.As the COVID-19 pandemic strengthens around the world, all areas of life, including daily activities, education, and economic and social sectors, have experienced significant downturns. While all subpopulations are affected by COVID-19, students are particularly vulnerable given their transition to emerging adulthood surrounded by broad future opportunities. Students are bearing a disproportionate burden ofpsychosocial illness, according to growing evidence, which can be attributed to the uncertainty surrounding the course of the pandemic and the sudden shift to online education. Stress becomes an integral part of student life and leads to violations of behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and motivational areas of activity. In addition, many businesses have reduced their recruitment efforts, leaving limited employment for students and more competition in the graduate labor market. The coronavirus infection hasforced people to stay in their homes for several months, and this is a very difficult task.

Особливості соціально-психологічної адаптації військовослужбовців, які брали участь в бойових діях

The article considers the specific aspects of social and psychological adaptation of the military personnel after returning to civilian life. The authors of the article describe the psychological characteristics and ability of the military to socialize after the war. A number of methods were used to assess the psychological state of the military. The researchers define the social and psychological adaptation of military personnel as the result of changes in social, psychological, ethical, economic and demographic relations, as well as the adjustment of individuals to the existing social environment. The peculiar features of this adaptation are active conscious participation, the impact of human activity on the environment and the results of the changes in response to social context. The study was conducted at the «Tysovets» sports and military base among the servicemen aged 25 to 45. The researchers used various methods to analyze social and psychological adaptation, including the Adaptability-200 questionnaire for studying neuropsychological stability and resistance to deviant behavior, the 16-factor R. Kettell questionnaire for personality analysis, the Leongard-Schmiszek questionnaire for diagnosing personality accentuation, and a survey to determine the readiness of military personnel to adapt to the conditions of everyday civilian life. The results of the study showed that military personnel demonstrate a high level of neuropsychological stability and easily adapt to new challenges. They are not concerned about changes in their professional activities and adapt to them with ease. However, some individuals show signs of addictive and delinquent behavior. The analysis of the Kettell methodology revealed that many of them have a high degree of withdrawal and a low history of socializing with civilians. They have difficulty establishing contact with others and often categorize people as «friends» and «strangers». The veterans also demonstrated the low level of tolerance to frustration and irritability that can lead to neurotic symptoms. The Leongard-Schmiszek methodology proved that many military personnel have an anxiety type of personality accentuation, accompanied by severe agitation and restlessness. This can affect their ability to regulate their emotions and social relationships. Overall, the study highlights the importance of psychological support and assistance to veterans in the process of their social and psychological adaptation after returning from war. Keywords: adaptation, military personnel, psychological characteristics, social and psychological adaptation.

READINESS TO CHANGE OF THE MANAGERS OF INSTITUTION OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION IN KYIV IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MARTIAL LAW

This article is a continuation of the work of scientists of the Educational Leadership Department regarding the study of the state of personal readiness to change and the peculiarities of the motivational sphere in the professional activity of the heads of capital’s schools. During martial law, the authors conducted repeated surveys of respondents in order to compare the results obtained over three years and to monitor the dynamics of changes. For this, the following methods were used: «Personal readiness for change» (A. Rolnic, S. Heather, M. Gold, C. Hull); «Motivation of professional activity» (K. Zamfir in the modification of A. Rean); «Self-efficacy scale» (R. Schwarzer, M. Jerusalem), as well respondents were asked several questions about the attitude to innovations, formulated by the authors of the study in the context of the theory of innovation diffusion by Everett Rogers. Based on the results of the conducted research, we can state that the trends we identified in 2021 will continue in 2022 and 2023. School leaders have a stable personal «psychological structure» based on their ingenuity, passion, and self-confidence. Low level of tolerance for uncertainty; adaptability; courage; optimism gives grounds for concern in the future development of educational institutions in the city of Kyiv in the conditions of post-war reconstruction of the country. Internal motivation for the professional activity of school leaders prevails over external motivation.

Attitudes of clients of Dutch pest controllers towards animal welfare in the management of liminal rodents.

Rodent control tends to involve methods that cause animal suffering, but little attention has been paid to the animal welfare implications of rodent control. The aim of the current study was to gain insight into the opinions and attitudes of clients of Dutch pest controllers, regarding liminal rodents, rodent control, and rodent welfare. A better understanding of their attitudes may contribute to more ethical rodent management programmes. An online survey among 248 clients of Dutch pest controllers was carried out. Respondents, especially those within the agricultural sector, have a relatively negative attitude towards rats and mice. Respondents in the agricultural subgroup do not consider the welfare of liminal rodents important. They also think that the welfare impact of commonly used control methods is limited, and they have low tolerance levels for the presence of rodents. Respondents from other sectors have a far more positive attitude towards rats and mice, consider their welfare to be of greater importance, have a greater estimation of the welfare impact of control methods and show greater tolerance levels towards rodents. The respondents from the latter subgroup have a similar attitude compared to Dutch pest controllers participating in a previous survey. The findings of the current study firstly provide useful information for the further development and practical implementation of preventive control methods. Secondly, they provide input for a more animal-friendly rodent control and for the development of an assessment framework to support ethical decision-making. Finally, they can be helpful for further research and the communication and co-operation between professional pest controllers and their clients.

Tingkat Toleransi Beragama Siswa SMA: Survei pada Siswa Muslim di SMA Negeri Kota Cimahi

Senior high school students are the most vulnerable group to be infiltrated by radicalism. In order to prevent it, tolerance is included into the 18 values of Indonesian character education that need to be internalized in Indonesian students. This study aims to explore the level of religious tolerance among Muslim students in senior high school, as the majority religion, especially in the aspects of faith and muamalah. This research was a descriptive research with a quantitative approach using a Cross-Sectional Survey. The research was conducted in all the state senior high schools in Cimahi City with 707 respondents. Respondents were given a closed questionnaire using a Likert scale. The results showed that in general, 92.94% of state high school students in the city of Cimahi have a fairly good tendency towards religious tolerance; even 289 (40.88%) students were in the 'very high' category. However, there are still a small number of students who have a low level of tolerance, namely 48 (6.79%) students and it was very unfortunate that 2 (0.28%) students were detected as intolerant. The conclusion is the level of religious tolerance of Muslim students at state senior high schools in Cimahi City is already quite good, but it needs to be improved.

Condition Of Membranes Of Erythrocytes Of Peripheral Blood Of Elderly People With Chronic Tiredness And Low Level Of Tolerance To Physical Load

The aim of the work is to study the osmotic stability and morpho-functional features of peripheral blood erythrocytes of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome depending on the level of tolerance to physical load (TPL) and associated risk factors. groups of factors that may be the cause, so the development of measures to eliminate them is an urgent problem today, which requires the development of effective ways to correct chronic fatigue syndrome. It is known that the peripheral part of erythron actively responds to changes that occur in the whole body after the action of various factors, including those factors that lead to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Material and Methods of Research The examination was performed on the basis of the Department of Vascular Neurology of the Central Clinical Hospital of Ivano-Frankivsk. The study involved 30 patients aged 55-65 years (mean age 60.6 + 1.2 years), who were divided into 3 groups: 1 gr. included 10 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and a high level of exercise tolerance. The 2nd group included 10 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and the average level of exercise tolerance, the composition of 3 gr. included 10 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome associated cardiovascular pathology (angina pectoris, hypertension) and low exercise tolerance (3 gr.). Results It is established that chronic fatigue syndrome proceeds in 3 phases and has natural stages of development which are characterized by three groups of etiological factors and the corresponding levels of teletransitivity to physical activity, each of which corresponds to a certain erythrocyte profile and level of osmotic stability of erythrocytes which are offered to use as prognostic and diagnostic characteristics. chronic fatigue syndrome. Conclusions The study of the quantitative composition of peripheral blood erythrocytes and hemoglobin, as well as their ratio (color index) in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome on the background of low levels of exercise tolerance revealed a decrease in erythrocytes and hemoglobin by 42% and 25%, respectively, indicating the presence of anemic hypoxia. 2. In conditions of chronic fatigue there is a decrease in osmotic resistance of erythrocytes, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of osmotically stable erythrocytes with a gradual decrease in the concentration of NaCl solution (3.0%; 0.5%; 0.46%; 0.3%). 3. In chronic fatigue there is a deterioration of membranes in peripheral blood erythrocytes, as evidenced by a decrease in their osmotic stability and an increase in the number of irreversibly altered forms of РВЕ, as well as a decrease in peripheral blood erythrocytes, which is closely correlated with decreased tolerance to exercise.

Estimation of the present status of the species based on the theoretical bounds of environmental noise intensity: An illustration through a big abundance data and simulation

Sibly et al. (2005) described that most species have a fundamental characteristic to follow the theta-logistic growth trait with the convex downward trend. The fundamental yardstick of this research work builds under the deterministic setup, whereas the involvement of the external noise in any growth system is inevitable. But, the involvement of external affairs in any species growth can not be well judged only through its density dependence; it requires a further assessment. So, we frame the theta-logistic model with the stochastic analog in two directions, i.e., the discrete and continuous setup. The analysis of the discrete stochastic model is manifested by the bifurcation analysis, which shows that the attainment of the chaotic regime enhances with the increase in noise intensity level. Although the role of chaos in species extinction is debatable, a literature survey suggests that chaos with stochasticity accelerates the extinction of species. Similarly, in the case of the continuous version, we performed a theoretical study on the stochastic theta-logistic model to provide a critical value of the noise intensity parameter. This threshold magnitude acts as the sustainability criterion of any species environmental tolerability. In this connection, we use the data of four major taxonomic groups, i.e., Bird, Insect, Mammal, and Fish, from the GPDD database and classifies the species based on environmental sensitivity. The highly sensitive species have a low tolerance level, associated with the small magnitude of environmental noise intensity parameter. Moreover, the simulation prediction model on these four taxonomic classes also shows that the overall extinction probability of the considered birds in our research work is almost negligible for the current time window.

The Use of Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Complex Medical Rehabilitation of Stable Coronary Heart Disease in Patients Permanently Residing in Humid Subtropics

Aim. To study the dynamics of overall tolerance in patients in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke (IS) with mild and moderately severe paresis, to evaluate the effect of aerobic training in this group of patients on exercise tolerance during inpatient treatment as of Compulsory Medical Insurance (CMI). Material and methods. The first group of 30 patients were examined (17 women, 13 men, the average age – 60,6±6,45 years old) during the 4-6 week of IS. Total points of the FIM scale were 118±5,2 /121,8±4,5. The second group- control group consisted of 30 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI). The following were mainly dominated among the vascular risk factors in both groups of patients: atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic artery of various degrees of severity poorly controlled arterial hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia. Physical exercise tolerance was assessed by cardiopulmonary testing on a bicycle ergometer using the Quark CPET spiroergometer system from COSMED (Italy). The peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak), the maximum load performed in metabolic units (MET), the percentage of the proper maximum oxygen consumption (% pred VО2 peak) with constant ECG monitoring, blood pressure during the exercise test were evaluated. Patients with stroke received aerobic training during rehabilitation treatment – 10-12 sessions according to the target indicators. Results and discussion. The minimum required values of VO2 peak to provide an active daily life equals on average 15 -18 ml/min *kg of oxygen. Analysis of the results of our study showed a decrease in the VO2 peak in group 1 of stroke patients to 13.22 ± 3.32 ml/min * kg. The VO2 peak at stroke is only 54.96% ± 12.82 of the proper average values of VO2 and corresponds to 3.73 ± 0.92 MET. The results of the study confirm a very low level of exercise tolerance in the stroke group, which is significantly lower than in the CCI group (VO2 peak is 19.43 ± 4.77 ml/min * kg, which is 83.96 ± 12.93% of the proper average values and corresponds to 5.74 ± 1 .65 MET). The results of the study confirm a very low level of exercise tolerance in the stroke group, which is significantly lower than in the CCI group (VO2 peak is 19.43 ± 4.77 ml/min * kg, which is 83.96 ± 12.93% of the proper average values and corresponds to 5.74 ± 1.65 MET). Cardiopulmonary testing showed the absence of reliable dynamics of VO2 peak (p=0.29) and MET (p= 0.4) at the end of the rehabilitation course. A significant increase in VO2 peak was observed only in some patients who reached a load intensity level of 70% or more of the peak heart rate during training. Later a control study was conducted among 16 patients of the stoke group after 6 months. Cardiopulmonary testing showed the absence of reliable dynamics of the studied parameters in the absence of cardio training ambulatory. Our study of the patients’ with stroke condition in dynamics showed that there was no possibility of spontaneous (without aerobic exercise) restoration of exercise tolerance. Conclusion. In the early recovery period of IS, patients have a persistent long-term decrease of overall tolerance. Aerobic exercises have shown safety and good tolerance in IS rehabilitation programs. Aerobic exercises should be long-term, begin in a hospital and continue during ambulatory treatment. The intensity of training is a key parameter in the adjustment of Aerobic exercises for the patients with IS.

Social Responsible Company’s Proactive Approach Towards Employees and Tax Policy in the Republic of Serbia

The employer is obliged to respect employees’ rights guaranteed by the Constitution and the laws, whereas he can provide the employees with some benefits in addition to the salary which depends on his business strategy and financial capabilities. Poor communication among employees, low level of tolerance etc. create a bad working atmosphere, which adversely affects the company’s business. In the paper the author starts from the hypothesis that a socially responsible company could provide greater competitive advantages if it develops a proactive approach to the employees organizing, among others, joint sports and recreational activities that contribute to preserving their health, improving interpersonal relations and establishing closer ties between the employer and the employees. This is especially important under the situation when the two years’ pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus has led to predominantly virtual contacts, isolation and alienation. Both compromise as a way to overcome different opinions and social cohesion increase the company’s profitability. The state has shown readiness to encourage by tax measures the companies to implement the activities of the internal social responsibility which are particularly aimed at the preventive protection of the employees’ health.

Overcoming socio-psychological maladaptation of the persons with the acquired and congenital disabilities

On the basis of the analysis of the existing philosophical, sociological, psychological and pedagogical approaches there was the theoretical analysis of the domestic and foreign scientific works on the problem of social and psychological maladaptation carried out, there were the external and internal factors of formation of social and psychological maladaptation of the persons with disabilities substantiated. As a result of the theoretical analysis of socio-psychological maladaptation, there are the main elements of this personality trait identified, namely: maladaptive types of the internal picture of the disease and coping strategies, negative trends in self-concept (low or contradictory self-esteem, lack of self-confidence, inexpressive self-acceptance, etc.), destructive emotional states, low level of socio-psychological tolerance. Social factors that cause the emergence of socio-psychological maladaptation include the following: inferiority and dysfunction of the family, lack of education or its low level, impossibility of the professional fulfilment. There were the psychodiagnostic tools compiled and the peculiarities of social and psychological maladaptation of the persons with the acquired and congenital disabilities empirically studied. Taking into account the identified problems, overcoming socio-psychological maladaptation of the persons with the acquired and congenital disabilities is characterized, which presents the following three blocks: individual psychological assistance to the persons with disabilities (correction of the attitude type to the disease, self-attitude, self-acceptance and self-esteem); work with the families of the disabled people; the information and educational block is aimed at working with the society (overcoming negative socio-psychological stereotypes towards the people with disabilities and encouraging creation of the inclusive environment).

Condition of membranes of erythrocytes of peripheral blood of elderly people with chronic tiredness and low level of tolerance to physical load

Purpose: The aim of the work is to study the osmotic stability and morpho-functional features of peripheral blood erythrocytes of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome depending on the level of exercise tolerance and associated risk factors. groups of factors that may be the cause, so the development of measures to eliminate them is an urgent problem today, which requires the development of effective ways to correct chronic fatigue syndrome. It is known that the peripheral part of erythron actively responds to changes that occur in the whole body after the action of various factors, including those factors that lead to chronic fatigue syndrome.
 Material and methods of research. The examination was performed on the basis of the Department of Vascular Neurology of the Central Clinical Hospital of Ivano-Frankivsk. The study involved 30 patients aged 55-65 years (mean age 60.6 + 1.2 years), who were divided into 3 groups: 1 gr. included 10 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and a high level of exercise tolerance. The 2nd group included 10 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and the average level of exercise tolerance, the composition of 3 gr. included 10 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome associated cardiovascular pathology (angina pectoris, hypertension) and low exercise tolerance (3 gr.).
 Results. It is established that chronic fatigue syndrome proceeds in 3 phases and has natural stages of development which are characterized by three groups of etiological factors and the corresponding levels of teletransitivity to physical activity, each of which corresponds to a certain erythrocyte profile and level of osmotic stability of erythrocytes which are offered to use as prognostic and diagnostic characteristics. chronic fatigue syndrome.
 Conclusions. The study of the quantitative composition of peripheral blood erythrocytes and hemoglobin, as well as their ratio (color index) in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome on the background of low levels of exercise tolerance revealed a decrease in erythrocytes and hemoglobin by 42% and 25%, respectively, indicating the presence of anemic hypoxia. 2. In conditions of chronic fatigue there is a decrease in osmotic resistance of erythrocytes, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of osmotically stable erythrocytes with a gradual decrease in the concentration of NaCl solution (3.0%; 0.5%; 0.46%; 0.3%). 3. In chronic fatigue there is a deterioration of membranes in peripheral blood erythrocytes, as evidenced by a decrease in their osmotic stability and an increase in the number of irreversibly altered forms of РВЕ, as well as a decrease in peripheral blood erythrocytes, which is closely correlated with decreased tolerance to exercise.

The role of social intelligence and creativity as personal resources for coping with uncertainty during primary career self-determination in late adolescence

IntroductionSocial intelligence (SI) and creativity (Cr) are resources to develop adaptive coping strategies and positive emotions that can help combat feelings of fragility and vulnerability caused by uncertainty during primary career self-determination as the developmental task in late adolescence.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to compare SI and Cr of students with high and low level of tolerance for uncertainty (TU) during two last years in the middle school.MethodsParticipants were 200 students (15-17 years old). The level of TU was estimated by Budner’s scale (Kornilova, 2010). Social intelligence was assessed by O’Sullivan & Guilford’s Tests, creativity was measured by CAP. In addition, we estimate career adapt-abilities applied to present and prospective future career decisions.ResultsTwo contrast clusters based on TU level were analysed. The level of SI and Cr were various within each group. There appears to be an association between TU and career adapt-abilities (at r ∼ .37, p < .05). Mostly female students with low level of TU and above average scores on SI and Cr demonstrate the effective coping strategy dealing with stress (at r ∼ .45, p < .01) emotionally focus on nearest professional future, seek social support. Coping strategy of students with high TU, SI and Cr is focusing on nearest and distant professional future, on task-oriented content and the social status of the future profession. They are open to new career experience and flexibility in the use of future professional skills (at r ∼ .56, p < .001).ConclusionsEmploying their SI and Cr give new opportunities to understand and prevent the development of stress and provide age-specific support to prospective students during primary career self-determination.DisclosureResearch is supported by the Russian Humanitarian Research Foundation, project No. 18-013-01067.

A Copula-based interval linear programming model for water resources allocation under uncertainty

Water scarcity tends to be aggravated by increase in water demand with the trend of socio-economic development. Thus, non-stationary characteristics of water demand should be identified in water resources allocation (WRA) to alleviate the potential influences from water shortages. In this study, a Copula-based interval linear programming model was established for regional WRA. Through combining correlation analysis and an interval linear programming model, this model can: 1) identify interactions between water demand and socio-economic development levels based on Copula functions, 2) explore variations in water shortage with consideration of multiple risk tolerance levels of decision-makers based on Copula sampling, and 3) obtain desired strategies for WRA through an interval linear programming model. Also, Dalian City in China was selected as a case study area to verify the effectiveness of the model for WRA to five water users (i.e., agricultural sector, industrial sector, public service sector, domestic residents, and ecological environment). Considering multiple tolerance levels of decision-makers to water shortage risk, three scenarios (i.e., S1 to S3), indicating 20%, 40%, and 60% of their low, medium, and high tolerance levels, were proposed. The results showed that the correlation between the amount of water demand and indicators of socio-economic development can be described by Clayton and Gaussian Copula functions. The total water supply of Dalian in 2030 would increase by 2.06%–2.65%, compared with the one in 2025. The allocation of water resources across districts was influenced by varied water demand, energy consumption, and risk tolerance levels. Compared with the amount of water allocation in 2025, the contribution of transferred water sources would increase by 6.71% and 7.04% under S1 and S2 in 2030, respectively, and decrease by 14.31% under S3. With the increase of risk tolerance levels of decision-makers, the amount of water supply in Dalian City would gradually decrease.