Low Awareness Research Articles

Awareness of Peptic Ulcer Disease among the General Population in Al-Ahsa

Abstract Introduction: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a condition characterized by discontinuity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract’s inner lining, often caused by factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection and NSAID consumption. PUD can lead to various symptoms, but up to 70% of patients may not experience any symptoms. Diagnosing PUD can be challenging due to the unreliability of individual symptoms and signs. PUD can have serious complications if left untreated. Despite its significance, there is a lack of studies measuring the awareness of PUD among the population in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of awareness of PUD among the general population in Al-Ahsa. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, from September to December 2023. The study included 399 adult residents of Saudi Arabia who agreed to participate. A convenient nonprobability sampling technique was used to collect data. An online self-administered questionnaire, distributed through social media platforms, was used to gather information on participants’ awareness of PUD. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics and questions related to PUD awareness. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative data were presented as numbers and percentages. The Chi-square test was used to examine qualitative data between the two groups. Results: Of the 399 participants, 71.4% demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding PUD, whereas 28.6% had a low level of knowledge. The sample consisted of nearly equal numbers of males and females, with participants aged 18–55+ years. The majority of participants had attained a bachelor’s degree and were employed. The findings suggest a relatively high level of education among the study population. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for increased public awareness of PUD in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. While some participants showed good knowledge of PUD, a significant number had low awareness. Educational initiatives are essential to improve understanding and knowledge of PUD among the community. By enhancing awareness, early detection and appropriate management of PUD can be promoted, resulting in improved health outcomes for individuals in Al-Ahsa.

Efektivitas Komunitas Belajar dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Guru di Sekolah

Teacher learning communities are regarded as essential means to improve education quality through collaboration and professional development. However, implementation within formal school contexts faces challenges, such as time constraints, limited structural support, and low awareness of the benefits of learning communities. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of learning communities in enhancing teacher quality in schools and to identify factors influencing teacher participation. The research method employed is a literature review, encompassing analysis of 25 articles from various relevant academic journals. Thematic analysis highlights key topics, including effectiveness, challenges, and opportunities for the development of learning communities. Findings indicate that learning communities have a positive role in enhancing teacher competence and work motivation. However, significant obstacles remain, such as lack of support from school management and limited understanding. The study also emphasizes the potential for digital technology-based learning communities, which could increase teacher participation by providing more flexible access. This study concludes that stronger policy support and further research are needed to address implementation barriers and maximize the potential of learning communities to enhance teaching quality in schools.

Patterns of handwashing among healthcare workers in APIN Public Health initiatives supported states in Southwest Nigeria

BackgroundEffective hand hygiene is crucial for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) among healthcare workers (HCWs) and patients. This study aimed to assess handwashing practices among HCWs providing routine HIV care to People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and to compare hand hygiene patterns among clinical and non-clinical health workers in APIN Public Health Initiatives-supported states in Southwest Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs providing routine HIV care to PLHIV in selected healthcare facilities across APIN-supported states (Oyo, Ogun, and Ondo) from January to June 2024. Data on handwashing patterns and compliance factors were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A total of 588 respondents were recruited using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. Descriptive analysis was performed, hand hygiene patterns among clinical and non-clinical health workers were compared, and chi-square statistics determined the associations, with a p-value of < 0.05 considered significant.ResultsThe study found that 56.5% of participants had good awareness of handwashing practices, and 54.6% demonstrated good compliance. Additionally, 65.5% reported washing hands before and after routine activities. Handwashing awareness (60.3%) and compliance (60.5%) rates were highest among clinical professionals. Major barriers to handwashing included inadequate water supply, lack of materials, being too busy, and forgetfulness. Profession was significantly associated with hand hygiene awareness (odds ratio [OR] = 1.504, confidence interval [CI] = 1.075–2.104), while age (OR = 0.613, CI = 0.442–0.851) and profession (OR = 1.888, CI = 1.347–2.645) were significantly associated with compliance.ConclusionThe study highlights suboptimal handwashing practices among healthcare workers, with non-clinical workers demonstrating lower awareness and compliance to hand hygiene standards compared to clinical staff despite working in the same environment. Therefore, future tailored training sessions and interventions should be prioritized for non-clinical health workers.

Disparities in Cervical Cancer Knowledge and Trust in Information Sources Among Diverse American Women.

Cervical cancer rates have declined due to prevention and screening, but disparities remain. This study examines how trust and preference in information sources affect knowledge and behaviors, alongside demographic differences to identify health disparities. This study used Health Information National Trends Survey data and employed weighted chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression to analyze associations between knowledge, behaviors, and demographic differences. The results revealed significant disparities in HPV awareness, with lower awareness among Black (OR, 0.521), Hispanic (OR, 0.398), and Asian (OR, 0.138) women compared to Whites. Age and education also played roles, as older and less-educated women were less informed. Trust in doctors was crucial; women with low trust in doctors (aOR, 0.499; 95% CI, 0.252-0.989) had lower odds of having heard of HPV. Preference for written materials as a primary information source (aOR, 0.312; 95% CI, 0.122-0.793) also correlated with lower HPV awareness compared to preferring information from doctors. Furthermore, women with low trust in charity organizations (aOR, 0.647; 95% CI, 0.461-0.909) were less likely to believe HPV causes cervical cancer, while those who preferred the internet as an information source (aOR, 1.544; 95% CI, 1.026-2.324) had higher odds of having heard of HPV compared to those preferring doctors. Minority populations, older women, and those with lower education levels had significantly lower HPV knowledge. These findings highlight the need for tailored communication, community outreach, policy initiatives, culturally sensitive approaches, digital health interventions, and strategies promoting patient-provider trust to address these disparities.

Awareness and Uptake of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis and Postexposure Prophylaxis Among College Students With Sexual Experiences: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Evidence has shown that HIV prevalence among young people, especially college students, has increased disproportionately. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) are two of the most effective ways to prevent HIV, which are vital for college students with sexual experiences who have sexual risks. To provide evidence for effective intervention to reduce the risk of HIV infection among young students, this study aimed to analyze the awareness and uptake of HIV PrEP and PEP among college students with sexual experiences. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data through an electronic questionnaire from college students in 5 colleges located in Zhejiang Province. A total of 21,962 college students were investigated, of which 2605 students with sexual experiences were included in the data analysis with the following information collected: sociodemographic characteristics, awareness and uptake of HIV PrEP and PEP, sexual behaviors, and HIV tests. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors on seeking PrEP and PEP. The average age of college students with sexual experiences was 21.25 (SD 2.75) years. Overall, 61.4% (n=1600) of the participants were aware of PrEP, and 53.0% (n=1380) of them were aware of PEP. Moreover, 5.6% (n=146) of them have sought PrEP or/and PEP, and 89.1% (n=2321) have not sought PrEP or PEP. College students who had more than 6 sexual partners, have always had unprotected sex, have subjective perceived risk behavior, and undergo HIV testing were more likely to seek PrEP or/and PEP. The main ways for the participants to learn PrEP and PEP were through school clubs, the internet, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Moreover, senior students and those who had not undergone an HIV test had a lower likelihood of seeking PrEP and PEP. College students who did not have risky sexual behaviors (odds ratio 0.468, P=.004) and homosexual students (odds ratio 0.318, P=.03) were more likely not to seek PEP. College students with sexual experiences rarely seek PrEP and PEP, with a relatively low awareness of PrEP and PEP. It is very important to increase the knowledge and uptake of PrEP and PEP by educational and behavioral interventions among young students at risk for HIV infection.

Critical Perspectives on the Adoption of Circular Design Strategies in the Built Environment for Sustainable Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Adopting circular design strategies (CDS) in building development presents a transformative approach toward sustainability by promoting resource efficiency and reducing environmental impacts. This paper examined the current landscape of CDS adoption, focusing on barriers, enablers, benefits, and critical success factors within the built environment (BE) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on a comprehensive review of global contexts literature, the study identifies and categorizes 185 factors, subsequently pruning them to 121 pertinent to the design stage. Barriers such as low awareness, regulatory gaps, and economic constraints are explored alongside enablers like leadership commitment, technological innovation, and supportive policies. The paper underscores the pivotal role of these factors in shaping sustainable building practices, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies to overcome local socio-cultural, economic, and technological challenges in the BE of Sub-Saharan Africa. This research contributes a nuanced understanding of how CDS can be effectively integrated into the BE, offering practical implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers striving to embrace sustainable practices.

Awareness of environmental carcinogens and cancer risk among Jordanians

BackgroundIn light of the existing body of scientific data, many substances are now recognized or reasonably assumed to be human carcinogens. Public knowledge about modifiable environmental carcinogens is regarded as a crucial first step in primary prevention. This study aimed to assess Jordanians' awareness of some of the recognized environmental human carcinogens and general cancer information.MethodsThis study was conducted using a cross-sectional descriptive survey based on a questionnaire completed by Jordanian participants aged 18 or above. The questions consisted of the following sections: socio-demographic characteristics, questions about the prevalent and non-prevalent cancer types in Jordan and general causes of cancer, closed-ended questions to evaluate knowledge about environmental carcinogens as well as factors that influence the development of cancer, source of knowledge about carcinogens and interest in learning about human carcinogens, and the best way for prevention of cancer.ResultsA total of 579 questionnaires were completed. Among respondents, 55.6% (n = 322) had a knowledge score ≥ 8 indicating good knowledge. However, low awareness was demonstrated regarding cancer-causing substances such as wood dust, Nitrosamines, Aflatoxins, Formaldehyde, Naphthalene, Asbestos, Benzene, and Arsenic. A significant portion of the participants failed to categorize infectious pathogens linked to cancer as variables that either cause cancer or raise the risk of developing cancer.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a good level of awareness regarding some environmental carcinogens but also highlighted the lack of knowledge about other environmental carcinogens. These findings may provide a guide for future awareness programs by health authorities.

Conceptual Framework for Community-Based Prevention of Brown Dog Tick-Associated Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a severe tickborne disease that can reach epidemic proportions in communities with certain social and ecologic risk factors. In some areas, the case-fatality rate of brown dog tick-associated RMSF is up to 50%. Because of the spread of brown dog tick-associated RMSF in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, the disease has the potential to emerge and become endemic in other communities that have large populations of free-roaming dogs, brown dog ticks, limited resources, and low provider awareness of the disease. By using a One Health approach, interdisciplinary teams can identify communities at risk and prevent severe or fatal RMSF in humans before cases occur. We have developed a conceptual framework for RMSF prevention to enable communities to identify their RMSF risk level and implement prevention and control strategies.

Scoping review of enablers and challenges of implementing pharmacogenomics testing in the primary care settings.

Pharmacogenomic testing (PGx) plays a crucial role in improving patient medication safety, yet ethical concerns and limitations impede its clinical implementation in the primary care settings. To systematically review the current state of PGx in the primary care settings and determine the enablers and challenges of its implementation. A scoping review was carried out by adhering to Arksey and O'Malley's 6-stage methodological framework and the 2020 Joanna Briggs Institute and Levac et al. DATA SOURCES: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, MEDLINE and PubMed were searched up to 17 July 2023. All peer-reviewed studies in English, reporting the enablers and the challenges of implementing PGx in the primary care settings were included. Two independent reviewers extracted the data. Information was synthesised based on the reported enablers and the challenges of implementing PGx testing in the primary care settings. Information was then presented to stakeholders for their inputs. 78 studies discussing the implementation of PGx testing are included, of which 57% were published between 2019 and 2023. 68% of the studies discussed PGx testing in the primary care setting as a disease-specific themes. Healthcare professionals were the major stakeholders, with primary care physicians (55%) being the most represented. Enablers encompassed various advantages such as diagnostic and therapeutic benefits, cost reduction and the empowerment of healthcare professionals. Challenges included the absence of sufficient scientific evidence, insufficient training for healthcare professionals, ethical and legal aspects of PGx data, low patient awareness and acceptance and the high costs linked to PGx testing. PGx testing integration in primary care requires increased consumer awareness, comprehensive healthcare provider training on legal and ethical aspects and global feasibility studies to better understand its implementation challenges. Managing high costs entails streamlining processes, advocating for reimbursement policies and investing in research on innovation and affordability research to improve life expectancy.

The Importance of Optimal Nutritional Intake for The Health of Pregnant Women in Indonesia: Key Challenges and Strategic Solutions

Optimal nutrition during pregnancy plays a vital role in ensuring maternal health and healthy fetal development. Appropriate nutritional needs, including macronutrients and micronutrients, are essential to support fetal growth, prevent pregnancy complications, and reduce the risk of premature birth and low birth weight. In Indonesia, maternal nutrition is still a major challenge, with a high prevalence of anemia and chronic energy deficiency. Factors such as economic constraints, unequal access to health services, lack of education about the importance of nutrition, and socio-cultural influences on diet, exacerbate this condition. The challenge in meeting the nutritional needs of pregnant women is also related to the low awareness and knowledge of nutrition among the community, especially in remote areas. To overcome this problem, a multi-sectoral approach is needed involving government intervention, community empowerment, and increasing access to health services. Continuous education and targeted nutritional assistance programs can be effective solutions in improving the nutritional status of pregnant women in Indonesia. Thus, strong cooperation is needed between various stakeholders to ensure optimal maternal health, which will ultimately improve the quality of future generations.

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Animal Owners' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Towards the Disease in Selected Districts of East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is one of the most important diseases affecting production and productivity. Cross-sectional study was aimed at to determine the seroprevalence of IBR and associated risk factors, and animal owners' knowledge, attitude and practice towards the disease from April 2021 to June 2022. Accordingly, a total of 384 serum samples were collected from both crossbreed (70) and local breed (314) cattle from purposively selected districts of East Wollega zone of Western Ethiopia. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for testing glycoprotein antibodies (anti-gB) for bovine herpes virus-1 (BoHV-1) virus in collected serum, and the obtained data were analysed by multiple logistic regressions by using R software 3.62 version. However, questionnaire data were analysed for descriptive statistics by SPSS version 20.0 (IBM. Corp, 2011). The total prevalence of IBR in the study area was found to be 70.54% at herd and 80.47% at individual cattle level. The significant association (p ) was found for breed, age, body condition and herd size but not for district and sex as risk factors. The BoHV-1 virus seropositivity in adult animals increased significantly, with an odds ratio of 1.65 (95% CI 0.705-3.85) compared to young. Local breed cattle were 2.055 times more likely to test positive for IBR with an odds ratio of 0.77 (95% CI 0.23-2.22) compared to crossbreed cattle. The chances of cattle in medium herds testing positive for the BoHV-1 virus with an odds ratio of (1.78 95% CI 1.303-7.50) are greater than the chances of cattle in smaller herds testing positive. The survey results showed that 70% of animal owners identified IBR as a major challenge in animal production, whereas 35% mentioned long calving intervals. However, 92% of the participants were not informed about the level of knowledge and attitude regarding particular diseases such as IBR. This study showed that there is a high prevalence of IBR in cattle in the study area, and that owners have low awareness of the disease. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an immediate control system and conduct additional research on molecular detection to evaluate its effects on reproductive performance.

초등학교 5학년 일반 학생과 발달성 난독 학생의 영어 수행력 프로파일링

Objectives Most Korean students learn English as a second language from 3rd grade in public school curriculum. Despite receiving the same instruction in schools, there are concerns about the individual differences in English abilities among Korean students. Students with developmental dyslexia, who have difficulties in reading and writ-ing in their native language, also struggle with reading and writing in English. This study aimed to confirm the strengths and weaknesses of students through individual profiling of English abilties. Methods This study focused on two typical development students(TD who are A and B) and two developmental dyslexic students(DD who are C and D) in 5th grade. We developed the tests to profile English abilities, focusing on word reading, word writing, vocabulary, and meta-linguistic awareness abilities. Results In word reading and word writing, the TD showed higher performance than DD. In vocabulary, A, B, and C showed similar high performance, while D showed lower performance. In meta-linguistic awareness abilities, including phonological awareness(PA), syntactic awareness(SA), and orthographical awareness(OA), TD showed high performance in all abilities. Among the DD, C had weaknesses in SA compared to PA and OA, while D showed weaknesses in all abilities. Conclusions This study highlights the profiling of diverse English abilities among four 5th grade students. While DD showed different profiles in this study, they commonly demonstrated lower performance in reading and writing compared to TD, as well as lower metalinguistic awareness. It suggests that DD may require individualized educa-tion plan(IEP) based on their strengths and weaknesses.

Memberdayakan Rumah Tangga untuk Pengelolaan Sampah Berkelanjutan: Studi Kesadaran Masyarakat di Kota Semarang

Environmental sustainability issues, particularly related to the increasing amount of waste, have become a major concern in Semarang, the capital of Central Java Province. The generation of waste is influenced by low public awareness, economic growth, and the presence of urban centers, industries, and educational institutions. Semarang has recorded a high economic growth rate, even surpassing the national average, contributing to the rise in waste. Various initiatives have been undertaken by the local government, such as establishing waste banks and implementing paid plastic bags, yet the waste problem remains difficult to solve without household awareness, as they are the largest contributors. This study employs a mixed-methods approach in six urban villages, with 50 respondents from each. The findings indicate that public awareness regarding waste sorting from households is still low, despite its crucial role in reducing waste volume and supporting environmental sustainability. Women, due to their domestic roles, play a key part in waste sorting, but the active participation of all community members is essential for the success of sustainable waste management programs.Keywords : environmental sustainability, waste management, waste sorting, household awareness, Semarang

Public Participation in Rapid Response Services for the Sustainability of Jakarta Smart City

Public participation plays an important role in the development of rapid response services to support the sustainability of Jakarta Smart City. This study aims to explore and analyse the level of public participation in utilising and developing these services, and their impact on urban sustainability. The research method used is a qualitative case study through in-depth interviews and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that the level of public participation in rapid response services in Jakarta Smart City varies greatly. Factors such as accessibility, trust, and awareness are the main determinants of the level of public participation. Citizens who actively participate tend to feel greater benefits from these services, while those who are inactive tend to experience gaps in services. Public participation also has a positive effect on service efficiency and the quality of life of city residents. However, this study also found several obstacles that hinder public participation. Low awareness of the importance of the role of individuals in developing smart cities, limited accessibility, and low digital literacy are the main challenges. To increase sustainable public participation, efforts are needed that involve education, training, and strengthening of information technology infrastructure. In conclusion, public participation has a crucial role in the sustainability of Jakarta Smart City through rapid response services. Effective management of public participation can improve service efficiency, strengthen community engagement, and support sustainable urban development. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to improve and manage public participation for long-term success. With education, training, and improved technological infrastructure, broader and more equitable participation can be realised, supporting the growth of inclusive and sustainable smart cities in the future.

The Effect of Safety Training and Supervision on The Use of Personal Protective Equipment Which Has Implications on Work Safety in Loading and Unloading at Maccini Baji Port, Maros, South Sulawesi

This study aims to analyze the influence of training and safety supervision on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and its implications for loading and unloading safety at Maccini Baji Port, Maros, South Sulawesi. The issues addressed include the low awareness and compliance of workers in using PPE and the lack of adequate safety supervision. The research population consists of 155 employees and dockworkers at the port, with a saturated sampling technique used. The research method employed is quantitative, with data collected through questionnaires and observations. Data analysis was conducted using the SMART PLS method. The results show that training and safety supervision have a positive and significant effect on the use of PPE, which also has a positive implication for loading and unloading safety. Training proved to be effective through the instructor dimension, while safety supervision was greatly influenced by the accuracy of measurement. In conclusion, improving the quality of training and supervision can enhance compliance with PPE usage and work safety at the port. Managerial recommendations include increasing the frequency of training, maintaining equipment, and regularly supervising PPE usage by introducing more accurate and modern monitoring technologies.

Atrial fibrillation and multimorbidity: How to choose the perfect direct oral anticoagulant?

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common tachyarrhythmias, the prevalence of which is steadily increasing due to an increase in the proportion of the elderly population. The presence of a comorbidities in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation, increasing the risk of thromboembolic events, has a significant impact on the clinical strategy of atrial fibrillation, as well as on the choice of therapeutic tactics, especially anticoagulant therapy with proven efficacy and low risk of bleeding. One of the most common concomitant diseases in patients with atrial fibrillation are chronic kidney disease, anemia and coronary artery disease. These comorbidities in patients with atrial fibrillation not only increase the risk of stroke and/or systemic embolism, but are also accompanied by an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality, all causes mortality, and hemorrhagic events. At the same time, according to research data, about half of polymorbid patients with atrial fibrillation do not receive anticoagulant therapy, which indicates a low awareness of physicians about rational pharmacotherapy based on clinical recommendations for this cohort of patients. The drug of choice with the most studied safety profile and a high degree of efficacy in these patients is apixaban from the group of direct oral anticoagulants. Unlike vitamin K antagonists and other representatives of direct oral anticoagulants, apixaban, according to the conducted studies, is associated with a more significant reduction in the risk of thromboembolic events, and most importantly, has a lesser effect on the risks of bleeding in patients, predisposing to hemorrhagic complications, with atrial fibrillationand concomitant coronary artery disease, anemia, chronic kidney disease.

Research on the Current Situation and Development Strategy of Green Finance Driven by the “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality” Goals

This article examines the current state and future direction of green financing in relation to the aspirations of “Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, with the application of the SWOT analysis framework to comprehensively examine the current situation of green finance, pointing out that its development has not only significant advantages and broad opportunities, but also faces multiple challenges and potential disadvantages. The analysis shows that under the catalysis of the “ Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality “ goals, green finance has received policy preferences and resource injection at the national level, and the market has shown a momentum of accelerated development. Under the guidance of policies, state-owned banks are actively exploring the innovation of green financial products, and international cooperation is becoming increasingly close, becoming the engine to promote the progress of green finance. However, the road ahead for green finance has not been easy. Problems such as lack of standardization, policy and economic volatility, lack of professional talent and technology, and low market awareness have become stumbling blocks to the deepening development of green finance. In view of these challenges, this paper deeply studies the development strategies of green finance and puts forward targeted suggestions, aiming to provide useful inspiration for scholars and practitioners in the field of green finance, help make breakthroughs in the theory and practice of green finance, and contribute to the construction of a green and low-carbon future economic system.

SUPPORTING AND INHIBITING FACTORS IN DEVELOPING GASTRONOMIC POTENTIAL AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION IN SUKOREJO TOURISM VILLAGE, SRAGEN REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA

This research aims to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors in developing the potential of gastronomy as a tourist attraction in the Sukorejo Tourism Village. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The research informants consisted of managers and culinary activists in the village. The research results show that the supporting factors in developing the potential of gastronomy as a tourist attraction are destination readiness, carrying capacity, cultural attractions, agro-tourism attractions, while low public awareness about the potential and benefits of tourism, skills in processing derivative products can hinder the development of gastronomic potential and tourist attractions in addition to There are also budget limitations which can hinder the realization of tourism projects, most recently the lack of communication and community involvement creates synchronization between destination development and support from the village government. This research concludes that an emphasis on natural, culinary, cultural, agrotourism and accommodation attractions, coupled with support and expectations from the community, is the key to realizing the development of this village's gastronomic potential as an attractive and sustainable tourist destination

Policy Information Communication in Shanghai’s 15-Minute Community Living Circle--Taking Jing’an District as an Example

This paper examines the communication strategies of the “15-minute community life circles” policy in Shanghai Jing’an District. The study highlights the critical role of effective information dissemination in fostering public understanding and engagement with the policy. Analyzing current communication channels, including online platforms such as WeChat and Weibo, the paper identifies key challenges such as inadequate coverage, low public awareness, and insufficient interaction between policy content and residents’ daily lives. The paper also critiques the reliance on traditional media, which may not effectively reach younger demographics. Recommendations are provided to enhance the policy’s communication, including diversifying media channels, tailoring content to specific audience segments, and integrating more interactive and relatable narratives. By improving these aspects, the policy can better achieve its goal of creating sustainable, well-connected communities that meet the needs of all residents. This study underscores the importance of adaptive and responsive communication strategies in the successful implementation of public policies.

Knowledge and awareness regarding thyroid disorder among paramedical students

Background: Thyroid disease ranks as the second most common endocrine disorder worldwide, following diabetes. In India, the prevalence mirrors global trends, with approximately 42 million individuals affected, accounting for one in ten adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1064 paramedical students aged 18-25 years. The study received approval from the institutional ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Data on knowledge and awareness were collected using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis, including frequency, mean, standard deviation, percentage was performed using SPSS version 2.0. Results: The study found that 31.86% of students had a low level of knowledge about thyroid disorders, while 24.90% demonstrated a high level of knowledge on thyroid symptoms. Additionally, 8.17% of students showed good awareness of thyroid disorders, whereas 42.01% had low awareness levels. Third-year students aged 20-22 exhibited higher awareness (12.40%) of lifestyle factors and preventive measures affecting thyroid health. Conclusions: There were significant gaps in knowledge and awareness of thyroid disorders among paramedical students. Enhancing education and outreach efforts could help bridge these gaps, empowering individuals to recognize symptoms, seek timely diagnoses, and access appropriate treatment.