Low Energy Utilization Research Articles

An organic/inorganic Z-scheme heterojunction Yb-MOF/BiOBr for efficient photocatalytic removal of NO

The advantages of visible light-driven catalysts with good light absorption, fast charge separation rate and high redox capacity are compelling. However, conventional inorganic semiconductor, such as pure BiOBr (BOB), showed a rapid photogenerated carriers recombination rate and low solar energy utilization ability, which limited the practical application of its photocatalytic performance. In this work, a novel organic/inorganic interleaved (Z-scheme) heterojunction Yb-MOF/BiOBr (Yb-MOF/BOB) photocatalyst was successfully synthesized. Compared with a single component, the Yb-MOF/BOB heterojunction exhibited significantly enhanced performance in photocatalytic oxidation of NO under visible light. Among them, Yb-MOF/BOB-20 had the best photocatalytic NO removal effect, up to 6424 ppb/g, which was 2.8 times and 4.2 times that of BOB and Yb-MOF, respectively. Photoelectrochemical characterization confirmed that the formation of heterojunctions broadened the absorption sidebands and increased the charge transfer at the interfacial junction of Yb-MOF/BOB. Combined with UPS, ESR and in-situ DRIFTS analysis, possible photocatalytic mechanisms were revealed, in which the formation of the Yb-MOF/BOB heterostructure endowed its high charge mobility and strong redox ability. Therefore, this work provided an effective way for photocatalytic removal of NO, and offered new ideas for developing heterogeneous photocatalysts.

A lift-off measurement and compensation method based on a comprehensive EMAT-PEC probe

In the field of industrial testing, lift-off fluctuations of the probe are inevitable, leading to unstable signals and inconsistent detection results, especially in electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT). Besides, EMAT has a low energy utilization, since the induced pulsed eddy current (PEC) is not fully utilized during the transduction process. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel composite detection method which is able to measure the lift-off based on PEC and compensate for the lift-off effect on EMAT using a designed comprehensive EMAT-PEC probe. A finite element (FE) model of the EMAT consisting of a permanent magnet and a type of butterfly coil is established, and the spatial distribution of the PEC density induced by the butterfly coil is analyzed. Based on this, comparison of the effectiveness among different EMAT-PEC probe configurations for lift-off detection is implemented, and an optimal EMAT-PEC probe with a compact structure is designed. This probe is capable of obtaining both EMAT signal and PEC signal synchronously through a single excitation, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the compensation process. The blind test is then performed to simulate the random lift-off fluctuation, and the experimental results demonstrate that the relative errors of the measured lift-off and the compensated peak amplitudes of EMAT signals are all less than 7%, verifying the effectiveness of the method. For industrial applications, based on the developed method, a probe array with different lift-off combinations is designed to simplify the calibration process, and an application in probe inclination detection is introduced, proving the method has good application foreground.

Turning plastics/microplastics into valuable resources? Current and potential research for future applications

Plastics are a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials, mainly consisting of polymers. The use of plastics has increased to over 300 million metric tonnes in recent years, and by 2050, it is expected to grow to 800 million. Presently, a mere 10% of plastic waste is recycled, with approximately 75% ended up in landfills. Inappropriate disposal of plastic waste into the environment poses a threat to human lives and marine species. Therefore, this review article highlights potential routes for converting plastic/microplastic waste into valuable resources to promote a greener and more sustainable environment. The literature review revealed that plastics/microplastics (P/MP) could be recycled or upcycled into various products or materials via several innovative processes. For example, P/MP are recycled and utilized as anodes in lithium-ion (Li-ion) and sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries. The anode in Na-ion batteries comprising PP carbon powder exhibits a high reversible capacity of ∼340 mAh/g at 0.01 A/g current state. In contrast, integrating Fe3O4 and PE into a Li-ion battery yielded an excellent capacity of 1123 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g current state. Additionally, recycled Nylon displayed high physical and mechanical properties necessary for excellent application as 3D printing material. Induction heating is considered a revolutionary pyrolysis technique with improved yield, efficiency, and lower energy utilization. Overall, P/MPs are highlighted as abundant resources for the sustainable production of valuable products and materials such as batteries, nanomaterials, graphene, and membranes for future applications.

Optimizing energy efficiency in induction skull melting process: investigating the crucial impact of melting system structure

Induction skull melting (ISM) technology could melt metals with avoiding contamination from crucible. A long-standing problem of ISM is that the low charge energy utilization and inhomogeneous fields have obstructed its application in many critical metal materials and manufacturing processes. The present work investigated the problem through the structure optimization strategy and established a numerical electromagnetic-field model to evaluate components’ eddy current loss. Based on the model, the effect of crucible and inductor structure on charge energy utilization, etc. was studied. Furtherly, the charge energy utilization was increased from 27.1 to 45.89% by adjusting the system structure. Moreover, structure modifications are proposed for enhancing electromagnetic intensity and uniformity, charge soft contact and uniform heating. The work constructed a basis for framing new solutions to the problem through ISM device structure optimization.

Research on Energy Hierarchical Management and Optimal Control of Compound Power Electric Vehicle

In response to the challenges posed by the low energy utilization of single-power pure electric vehicles and the limited lifespan of power batteries, this study focuses on the development of a compound power system. This study constructs a composite power system, analyzes the coupling characteristics of multiple systems, and investigates the energy management and optimal control mechanisms. Firstly, a power transmission scheme is designed for a hybrid electric vehicle. Then, a multi-state model is established to assess the electric vehicle’s performance under complex working conditions and explore how these conditions impact system coupling. Next, load power is redistributed using the Haar wavelet theory. The super capacitor is employed to stabilize chaotic and transient components in the required power, with low-frequency components serving as input variables for the controller. Further, power distribution is determined through the application of fuzzy logic theory. Input parameters include the system’s power requirements, power battery status, and super capacitor state of charge. The result is the output of a composite power supply distribution factor. To fully exploit the composite power supply’s potential and optimize the overall system performance, a global optimization control strategy using the dynamic programming algorithm is explored. The optimization objective is to minimize power loss within the composite power system, and the optimal control is calculated through interpolation using the interp function. Finally, a comparative simulation experiment is conducted under UDDS cycle conditions. The results show that the composite power system improved the battery discharge efficiency and reduced the number of discharge cycles and discharge current of the power battery. Under the cyclic working condition of 1369 s, the state of charge of the power battery in the hybrid power system decreases from 0.9 to 0.69, representing a 12.5% increase compared to the single power system. The peak current of the power battery in the hybrid power system decreases by approximately 20 A compared with that in the single power system. Based on dynamic programming optimization, the state of charge of the power battery decreases from 0.9 to 0.724. Compared with that of the single power system, the power consumption of the proposed system increases by 25%, that of the hybrid power fuzzy control system increases by 14.2%, and that of the vehicle decreases by 14.7% after dynamic programming optimization. The multimode energy shunt relationship is solved through efficient and reasonable energy management and optimization strategies. The performance and advantages of the composite energy storage system are fully utilized. This approach provides a new idea for the energy storage scheme of new energy vehicles.

Electrostatic generator enhancements for powering IoT nodes via efficient energy management

Electrostatic generators show great potential for powering widely distributed electronic devices in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, a critical issue limiting such generators is their high impedance mismatch when coupled to electronics, which results in very low energy utilization efficiency. Here, we present a high-performance energy management unit (EMU) based on a spark-switch tube and a buck converter with an RF inductor. By optimizing the elements and parameters of the EMU, a maximum direct current output power of 79.2 mW m-2 rps-1 was reached for a rotary electret generator with the EMU, achieving 1.2 times greater power output than without the EMU. Furthermore, the maximum power of the contact-separated triboelectric nanogenerator with an EMU is 1.5 times that without the EMU. This excellent performance is attributed to the various optimizations, including utilizing an ultralow-loss spark-switch tube with a proper breakdown voltage, adding a matched input capacitor to enhance available charge, and incorporating an RF inductor to facilitate the high-speed energy transfer process. Based on this extremely efficient EMU, a compact self-powered wireless temperature sensor node was demonstrated to acquire and transmit data every 3.5 s under a slight wind speed of 0.5 m/s. This work greatly promotes the utilization of electrostatic nanogenerators in practical applications, particularly in IoT nodes.

Experimental analysis of slewing energy recovery potential of large hydraulic excavator

Large hydraulic excavators, characterized by large inertia of slewing movement, frequent accelerating and braking, have ideal working conditions for energy recovery and reuse. This paper investigates the slewing energy-saving potential of large hydraulic excavators via experiments conducted under different working conditions. Firstly, the working principle and energy flow of the slewing system of the hydraulic excavator are analyzed, and the evaluation indexes for energy-saving potential are proposed. Additionally, a 50 ton slewing experimental prototype is established, and comparative experiments are conducted. The energy flow analysis demonstrates that the energy loss due to slewing overflow is the primary factor for the low energy utilization rate of the slewing system. Finally, the influence of engine speed, slewing angle, and load on the potential of slewing energy recovery are analyzed. The experiential results reveal that the energy-saving contribution rates of accelerating and braking range from 42% to 45.36% while the energy regeneration rate is 56% under the single-action condition. And the comprehensive contribution rate of accelerating and braking energy is about 9.2% under the compound-action working condition, which has a significant energy-saving potential.

Dynamic Brazilian tests of yellow sandstone under coupled static and dynamic loads

Through a series of static mechanical tests and (SHPB) dynamic impact tests, the static and dynamic mechanical parameters of rock as represented by yellow sandstone are determined, and the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook model parameters of the rock are calibrated using the test data and theoretical calculations. The feasibility of a numerical model is verified, and numerical analysis of the SHPB impact process under different radial pressure pre-loading is carried out on the basis of good verification. The results show that with increasing impact load, the degree of rock breakage increases, as does the dynamic tensile strength. With the application of increasing pre-static pressure, the dynamic tensile strength of the rock decreases gradually, and the maximum radial cumulative strain increases continuously under a given impact pressure, indicating that micro-cracks in the rock develop initially and then expand under the influence of pre-static pressure; the rock is more easily broken, and its weakening degree increases. Under coupled dynamic and static loading, the energy utilization rate of rock in the Brazilian splitting process is jointly affected by axial compression ratio and impact load. Too large a pressure ratio will reduce the strain-rate sensitivity of rock, resulting in low energy utilization rate, while too low an axial compression ratio will make the dynamic tensile strength of rock relatively high, which is not conducive to tensile failure. Therefore, on the premise of clear fracture form requirements, a suitable combination of axial compression ratio and impact velocity can improve the rock crushing effect and energy utilization rate.

G-C3N4@CPP/BiOClBr-OV biomimetic fractal heterojunction synergistically enhance carrier dynamics for boosted CO2 photoreduction activity

In recent years, there has been significant interest in generating high-value solar fuels via the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. Nonetheless, its large-scale application is impeded by low energy utilization efficiency and limited photocatalytic activity. This study employed carbonized pomelo peel (CPP), a waste biomass material, to successfully craft a CN@CPP/BOCB-OV ternary heterojunction abundant in N/O vacancy defects through secondary calcination and in-situ growth. The construction of the heterojunction and the emergence of defect-induced donor energy levels create a built-in interface electric field (IEF) and an interfacial electron transmission channel respectively, fortifying the separation and transport of photogenerated electrons. Crucially, following the incorporation of CPP, its distinctive 3D porous and heterojunction bionic flower structures expand the spectral absorption range. Acting as a superior electron acceptor, CPP reinforces the IEF, notably boosting carrier transport efficiency. Simultaneously, it operates as a hub for photothermal synergy and CO2 adsorption activation, achieving multi-site synergistic enhancement of photoreduction CO2 activity. Hence, the CN@CPP/BOCB-OV heterojunction demonstrates a substantial quantitative enhancement in CO2 photoreduction activity. Remarkably, it exhibits the capability to catalyze CO2 reduction even under infrared light excitation, which is of great significance for the cascade utilization of solar energy. Furthermore, employing DFT calculations, we elucidate the electron transfer mechanism at the heterojunction interface and outline potential pathways for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The combination of waste biomass utilization, heterostructure construction and defect engineering provides a promising strategy for developing efficient heterostructure photocatalysts.

Heat transfer behavior of graphene-based photothermal conversion materials prepared with tube array-porous network composite structure

In order to solve the problems of low energy utilization and poor structural stability of photothermal conversion materials, a graphene-based photothermal conversion material was prepared, which was structurally integrated with a light-absorbing upper layer and a heat insulating base. During the preparation process, a tightly arranged nanotube array upper layer was constructed on the basis of graphene films by microimprinting technology, and a porous aerogel base was molded by a fixed-point titration and multiple-foaming method. The results show that the light trap constructed from graphene hollow nanotubes can significantly increase the number of light reflections and reduce light reflectivity. Meanwhile, the length of the nanotubes is directly proportional to the light-absorbing capacity of the material, which can increase the light-absorbing rate to more than 98% under the embossing conditions of 85 kN and 8h. In addition, the porous aerogel insulation base can effectively improve the photothermal conversion effect, and a photothermal conversion efficiency of 87% and a water evaporation rate of 1.3 kg/(m2 h) can be achieved at a base thickness of 6 mm.

Non-invasive load monitoring based on deep learning to identify unknown loads.

With the rapid development of smart grids, society has become increasingly urgent to solve the problems of low energy utilization efficiency and high energy consumption. In this context, load identification has become a key element in formulating scientific and effective energy consumption plans and reducing unnecessary energy waste. However, traditional load identification methods mainly focus on known electrical equipment, and accurate identification of unknown electrical equipment still faces significant challenges. A new encoding feature space based on Triplet neural networks is proposed in this paper to detect unknown electrical appliances using convex hull coincidence degree. Additionally, transfer learning is introduced for the rapid updating of the pre-classification model's self-incrementing class with the unknown load. In experiments, the effectiveness of our method is successfully tested on the PLAID dataset. The accuracy of unknown load identification reached 99.23%. Through this research, we expect to bring a new idea to the field of load identification to meet the urgent need for the identification of unknown electrical appliances in the development of smart grids.

Characteristics of Step-Shaped Laser-Driven Flyers on Fiber End Face Based on a Ti/Al Ablation Layer.

Laser-driven flyers (LDF), which can launch the flyer on the interaction of a laser pulse with a thin film of metal, have been widely used in many fields, such as ignition, space scrap metal science, and dynamic high-pressure physics. However, at present, further development of LDF is being hindered by the high reflectivity of the ablation layer and low energy utilization efficiency of LDF on the fiber end face. Herein, improved LDFs were designed and fabricated by mask plate and magnetron sputtering. Improved LDF incorporates a Ti/Al composite film as the ablation layer, while the flyer layer features a smaller diameter round platform design. Reflectivity of samples under static and dynamic conditions and driving characteristics of samples were tested using an optical isolator and photonic doppler velocimetry system. The velocity of the improved LDFs reaches 1.7 km/s with a peak acceleration of 8.7 × 1010 m/s2. LDF with a Ti/Al composite film as the ablation layer demonstrates a static absorption rate of 59%, which gradually increases to 65% under laser irradiation. This absorption rate is notably higher compared with the static absorption rate (20%) and the peak absorption rate under laser irradiation (40%) of an Al layer. Consequently, there is a substantial improvement of about 35% in the flyer velocity. In contrast to the plane-shaped LDF, the velocity profile of the flyer and impact crater morphology suggest that the step-shaped LDF offers a 15% improvement in velocity and a 50% increase in acceleration, with better flyer integrity observed.

Toward Next‐Generation Smart Windows: An In‐depth Analysis of Dual‐Band Electrochromic Materials and Devices

AbstractAs the proportion of buildings energy consumption increases, the issue of low energy utilization efficiency becomes increasingly prominent. Approximately 45% of the energy is lost through doors and windows, a significant concern that has drawn society's attention to the potential of electrochromic technology, which can regulate light transmittance and absorption effectively. Specifically, dual‐band electrochromic materials offer a promising solution to this issue, as they can manipulate the transmission ratios of visible (VIS) and near‐infrared (NIR) light to obtain “bright,” “cold,” “warm,” and “dark” independent modes. However, research on dual‐band electrochromic materials and smart windows is still infant, and many challenges including performance and assembly issues, are significant obstacles to the advancement and application of this technology. This review clarifies the basic characteristics of dual‐band electrochromic materials and smart windows, including configurations, operational mechanisms, and performance assessment parameters. In‐depth examination of potential dual‐band electrochromic materials and methods for achieving independent modulation is provided, along with an analysis of the challenges and potential solutions for performance and assembly issues. Finally, the future prospects of dual‐band electrochromic smart windows (ESWs) are underscored. The hope is to eventually facilitate the commercial application of these windows, which can significantly contribute to the creation of modern, energy‐efficient buildings.

Numerical simulation on dynamic compression properties of sandstone under axial static preload

In this study, through a series of static mechanical tests and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) dynamic impact tests, the static and dynamic mechanical parameters of yellow sandstone are determined, and the Holmquist–Johnson–Cook model parameters of the rock are determined by the test data and theoretical calculation. The feasibility of a numerical model is verified, based on which the SHPB impact process under different axial pressure is subjected to numerical analysis. The results show that with increasing impact load, the degree of rock breakage increases, and the dynamic compressive strength and dynamic elastic modulus increase continuously. With the application and increase of axial pressure, the dynamic compressive strength and dynamic elastic modulus of the rock decrease gradually under the same impact load, and the maximum cumulative strain keeps increasing, indicating that under the influence of axial pressure, micro-cracks in the rock have initially developed and expanded. With increasing axial pressure, the rock is more vulnerable to breakage, and its weakening degree keeps increasing. The energy utilization rate of one-dimensional dynamic and static combined loading is affected by the axial compression ratio and impact load. At low axial compression ratio, the rock has high impact resistance but high energy utilization rate; at high axial compression ratio, the rock has low impact resistance but low energy utilization rate. Therefore, the combination of axial compression ratio and impact velocity can improve the crushing effect and energy utilization rate on the premise of clear crushing form requirements.

Thermal comfort characteristics of a catalytic combustion heater under wind-chilled exposure

Heating in wind-chilled environments is a serious task. The catalytic combustion heater (CCH) provides more efficient and cleaner in combustion compared to conventional heaters with high pollutant emission and low energy utilization. In this paper, the heating ability of CCH on human body in a wind-chilled environment (apparent temperatures between −14.8 °C and 12.4 °C) was investigated by collecting skin temperature and subjective thermal evaluation data from 23 subjects. The impact of cold air on localized heating of body parts by CCH was clarified using decision trees and dimensionless correlation coefficients. A human-computer interaction regulation strategy was proposed to simultaneously satisfy the requirements of effective heating, low energy consumption, and low pollution. Finally, CCH and a commercial heater were compared in terms of heating effectiveness and energy consumption in a real outdoor environment. The results showed that CCH effectively solved the problem of excessive cold extremities, and the temperature difference between thoracoabdominal area and extremities was reduced by 57.5–87.9% to within 2 °C. In a strong convective environment, wind speed was the decisive factor (coefficient of 0.95), inducing 46% radiant heat loss. Inputting personnel subjective perception, dynamic environmental parameters, and pollutant thresholds to adjust the injected gas flow enabled intelligent control. In a real cold scenario, the CCH saved 65.9% of energy compared to a commercial heater when achieving the same heating effect. This study provides a reference for the application of catalytic combustion technology in cold outdoor heating and also provides an important theoretical basis for the construction of heating strategies for CCH.

Dodecahedral hollow multi-shelled Co3O4/Ag:ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst for enhancing solar energy utilization efficiency.

Employing semiconductor photocatalysts featuring a hollow multi-shelled (HoMs) structure to establish a heterojunction is an effective approach to addressing the issues of low light energy utilization and severe recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. To take advantage of these key factors in semiconductor photocatalysis, here, a dodecahedral HoMs Co3O4/Ag:ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst (denoted as Co3O4/AZIS) was firstly synthesized by coupling Ag+-doped ZnIn2S4 (AZIS) nanosheets with dodecahedral HoMs Co3O4. The unique HoMs structure of the photocatalyst can not only effectively promote the separation and transfer of photo-induced charge, but also improve the utilization rate of visible light, exposing rich active sites for the photocatalytic redox reaction. The photocatalytic experiment results showed that the Co3O4/90.0 wt% AZIS photocatalyst has a high hydrogen (H2) production rate (695.0 μmol h-1 g-1) and high methyl orange (MO) degradation rate (0.4243 min-1). This work provides a feasible strategy for the development of HoMs heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced H2 production and degradation properties of organic dyes.

Modeling and admittance recursive simulation of anti-reflective coatings for photothermal conversion: synergy between subwavelength structures and gradient refractive index layers.

In the field of photothermal conversion, light-absorbing layers show limitations such as low solar energy utilization and excessive surface reflection. This paper proposes a new anti-reflective coating consisting of a gradient-doped fluorescent glass film covering a subwavelength structural layer for photothermal conversion. Its transmittance was simulated using equivalent medium theory and the admittance recursion method. The subwavelength structure provides a refractive index gradient, and its shape solves the problem of the sharp decrease in transmittance at high angles of incidence. Subsequently, we adjust the material parameters of the gradient refractive layers and control the thickness of each layer to minimize interlayer Fresnel reflections. Finally, the efficient light-trapping ability of the model was verified by calculating and comparing the transmittances of the optimized model and bare glass. Notably, within the visible spectrum, our model achieves an average transmittance of over 95% across wavelength and angle ranges, effectively suppressing surface reflections. At a larger light incident angle, the transmittance increases by 29.7%, and the minimum angle transmittance reaches 92.7%. This study proposes an innovative method to enhance the performance of transmission layers in photothermal conversion devices.

Economic dispatch of community-integrated energy system considering demand-side coordinated response

There are a large number of potential schedulable resources in the integrated energy system of electricity, heat, cold, and gas. However, most of these energy sources are currently operated separately, with low system flexibility, low energy utilization rate, and serious abandonment of wind and solar energy. In order to improve the flexibility of integrated energy systems and the capacity of renewable energy consumption, an economic dispatch of community-integrated energy systems considering demand-side coordinated response is proposed. Firstly, according to various energy characteristics, mathematical models of various energy forms are established, including wind energy, photovoltaic, gas turbine, gas boiler, and other component characteristics modeling. Secondly, an economic optimal scheduling model of community-integrated energy system considering demand side response is established, including the constraints and objective functions of the optimization model, and the optimization model is solved based on the Yalmip toolbox and Cplex solver in Matlab software. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by a simulation example.

Experimental study on the performance enhancement of PV/T by adding graphene oxide in paraffin phase change material emulsions

Traditional water-based PV/T systems have low heat storage density, high PV backsheet temperatures, and low energy utilization in practical applications. In this work, nanoparticles were applied to improve thermal conductivity and simultaneously emulsions were added to enhance energy storage density of the conventional heat transfer media. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of nanocomposite Phase Change Material Emulsions (PCME) as the heat transfer medium on the thermoelectric efficiency of PV/T was studied in a real system. Specifically, the water-based 30 % paraffin emulsions with graphene oxide (GO) concentration of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 wt% were prepared by ultrasonic stirring and their thermophysical properties were characterized. The results show that the 30 wt% paraffin emulsion with addition of 0.02 wt% GO has the phase change temperature of 35 °C, latent heat of 42.93 J/g, thermal conductivity of 0.505 W/(m·K) and viscosity coefficient of 0.91. It shows the thermal efficiency of the paraffin/GO emulsion increased by 92.28 %, the electrical efficiency increased by 8.87 %, the comprehensive efficiency increased by 45.75 %, and 15.8 % increase in heat collection for the heat exchange tank in comparison with the water. It is concluded application of PCME would improves the thermoelectric performance of the system than traditional water-based PV/T systems.

Analysis of the Influence Factors of the Crude Oil Temperature Maintenance System of Solar Sewage Heat Pumps in Cold Regions

Traditional crude oil heating methods that use fossil fuels or electricity have the disadvantages of high consumption of nonrenewable resources, low energy utilization, and high carbon emissions. Therefore, it is urgent to develop green and sustainable crude oil heating technologies. In this paper, a solar synergistic sewage heat pump (SSHS) dual heat source crude oil temperature maintenance system is proposed. The system utilizes clean and sustainable solar energy to heat crude oil while combining sensible heat storage technology and the waste heat utilization technology of a sewage source heat pump to solve the unstable fluctuation of the solar heating problem. A simulation and analysis model is established to analyze the influencing factors of the SSHS, and the optimal operation scheme is provided. The results show that the efficiency of the solar collector decreases and the proportion of crude oil heating increases with an increase in the solar energy guarantee rate, while the unit flow rate of the pump has a large impact on the performance of the sewage source heat pump. In order to avoid energy waste, it is more appropriate to adopt a 30% guarantee rate and an A3 pump unit flow rate, under which the solar collector efficiency is 50.18%, the proportion of solar heating of crude oil is 47.16%, the average temperature of crude oil is 42.59 °C, and the COP of the sewage source heat pump is 4.65. Further increases in the COP of the wastewater source heat pump can be realized by increasing the temperature of the wastewater supply. The results of this study provide a valuable reference for the optimization of crude oil storage heating systems.