Low Energy Consumption Research Articles

PARALLEL PLATFORM CONTROLLER BASED ON ADAPTIVE DIFFERENCE ALGORITHM – PART 2

There are two main approaches to motion control on parallel platforms: joint space control and workspace control. Joint space control is an easy-to-implement semi-closed-loop strategy, but its control effect could be better. The workspace control is to obtain the real-time position of the parallel platform through the forward solution and close the speed and position loop of the parallel platform in the workspace. This paper uses a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) to control the parallel platform with workspace control as the research goal. The loss function is constructed based on the swarm intelligence optimization idea, and the adaptive difference algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of MPC. This part uses MATLAB to perform simulation experiments to complete the S-shaped velocity trajectory planning algorithm. In addition, the control effect of MPC and position-loop PI controller in a robust disturbance environment is compared. Experiments show that MPC has the advantages of low energy consumption and high control accuracy.

Aromatic pore engineering in microporous metal–organic frameworks for high-production one-step methane purification from ternary alkanes mixtures

The exploitation of competent isolation and purification technology of methane (CH4) is an imperative and challenging task for full utilization of clean natural gas in petrochemical industry. Compared to traditional energy-intensive low-temperature distillation, adsorptive separation using porous metal–organic framework (MOF) materials provides an alternative technique with low energy consumption and high efficiency. In this situation, an aromatic pore engineering strategy in a series of pillar-layered Zn-based MOFs by introducing organic linkers with different degrees of aromatic units was investigated to tune pore size and pore environment for simultaneously removing propane (C3H8) and ethane (C2H6) from C3H8/C2H6/CH4 mixtures. Compared to the other two analogues, i.e. Zn(BDC)(TED)0.5 and Zn(ADC)(TED)0.5, obtained Zn(NDC)(TED)0.5 showed high adsorption capacity for C3H8 (5.18 mmol/g) and C2H6 (5.04 mmol/g) and selectivity for C3H8/CH4 and C2H6/CH4 at 298 K and 1.0 bar. Breakthrough tests proved the three MOFs can effectively separate ternary C3H8/C2H6/CH4 mixtures, and Zn(NDC)(TED)0.5 especially exhibited excellent high-purity CH4 yield of 10.07 mmol/g. Computational simulations showed that suitable pore space and surface aromatic environment in Zn(NDC)(TED)0.5 created beneficial interactions with C3H8 and C2H6 molecules, which ultimately contributed to its favourable adsorption and separation property. This system work provides insights for the development of pore control method in MOF materials for natural gas purification.

Voltage-confined flow-through anodic oxidation enables efficient pollutant removal and no chlorinated byproducts formation

The formation of chlorinated by-products in the treatment of chloride-laden water/wastewater by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has become a severe challenge to their environmentally benign application. Herein, we propose an efficient and safe alternative, i.e., flow-through anodic oxidation (FTAO) system based on the nonradical direct electron transfer (DET) process at low voltage. By controlling the anode potential below the threshold for chlorine evolution at the anode, this system achieved zero formation of inorganic and organic chlorinated byproducts whilst significantly eliminated the biotoxicity of the parent micropollutant. Meanwhile, due to the nonradical direct oxidation mechanism, the voltage-confined FTAO system attained high efficiency and selectivity for the micropollutant removal from a complex matrix containing naturally co-existing anions and organic matter. The feasibility of FTAO applications was further evaluated by removing various pollutants (including antibiotics and phenols) from actual municipal effluent and surface water. More than 96% percentage removal was achieved at extremely low energy consumption (0.003–0.017 kWh m−3). In summary, our results provide insight into the development of novel electrochemical technologies free from secondary pollution towards environmental remediation applications and beyond.

Selective Lithium separation from Li/Co/Ni mixtures using optimized flow-electrode capacitive deionization

The increasing need for lithium has heightened its significance as a crucial resource in numerous sectors, particularly in realms of portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), and large-scale energy storage systems. However, the finite availability of lithium resources and environmental concerns associated with its extraction underscore the significance of developing an efficient recycling method. In this study, we explored the potential of recovering lithium from waste battery leachate using an emerging technology known as flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI). Unlike traditional capacitive deionization (CDI), FCDI offers continuous desalination capabilities, making it particularly suitable for recycling industries. While FCDI exhibits promise in recovering waste battery leachate, its inherent lack of selectivity presents a challenge. To address this issue, we tried to tune its selectivity towards lithium by employing a layer-by-layer deposition method to modify a cation exchange membrane (CEM) with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) functional multilayers. This strategic modification of CEM was performed by alternatively depositing positively charged PAH and negatively charged PSS multilayers, which switched an innate divalent cation preference of CEM into a monovalent cation preference based on differences in ion sizes and charge densities. The membrane was used to treat a synthetic leachate mixture from wasted batteries, with a molar ratio of 30 mM:44 mM:4 mM for Li:Co:Ni, demonstrating a Li selectivity of 12.88 over Co and Ni with an exceptionally low energy consumption of 0.57 Wh/molLi. We believe our approach can lead to new technologies that address shortcomings of existing lithium recycling method and expand the application not only to lithium recycling, but also to future lithium production technologies and removal of specific ions such as for toxin removal.

A critical review of ozone-based electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for water treatment: Fundamentals, stability evaluation, and application

In recent years, electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) combined with ozonation have been widely utilized in water/wastewater treatment due to their excellent synergistic effect, high treatment efficiency, and low energy consumption. A comprehensive summary of these ozone-based EAOPs is still insufficient, though some reviews have covered these topics but either focused on a specific integrated process or provided synopses of EAOPs or ozone-based AOPs. This review presents an overview of the fundamentals of several ozone-based EAOPs, focusing on process optimization, electrode selection, and typical reactor designs. Additionally, the service life of electrodes and improvement strategies for the stability of ozone-based EAOPs that are ignored by previous reviews are discussed. Furthermore, four main application fields are summarized, including disinfection, emerging contaminants treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, and resource recovery. Finally, the summary and perspective on ozone-based EAOPs are proposed. This review provides an overall summary that would help to gain insight into the ozone-based EAOPs to improve their environmental applications.

Hematite tailings to high-purity silica: Mechanistic studies and life cycle assessment analysis

This study aimed to recover high-purity silica from hematite tailings (HTs) using superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation (S-HGMS) technology. This process involved converting silica into a silicone-rich concentrate and subsequently employing a fluorine-free mixed acid to leach the silicon-rich concentrate to remove impurities and achieve refinement and purification. The optimization of the S-HGMS process was conducted using the "Box-Behnken Design" method, resulting in the following optimal conditions: a pulp concentration of 50 g/L, a magnetic velocity ratio of 0.076 T s/m, and a pulp velocity of 500 mL/min. These conditions yielded a silica grade range of 61.905% in the HTs to 91.818% in the silicon-rich concentrate, with corresponding recovery rates of 53.031%. Under the optimized leaching process, this resulted in an increase in the silica content from 91.818% in the silicon-rich concentrate to 99.938% in high-purity silica. Additionally, by analyzing the production process of 1 kg of high-purity silica from HTs using the process LCA method, environmental hotspots were identified, and corresponding solutions were proposed. This approach is vital for efficient utilization of HTs as a resource. This process has low energy consumption and is environmentally friendly, enabling the reduction of hematite tailings. It has a wide range of applications and offers substantial economic benefits, rendering it a promising candidate for industrial applications.

Leapfrogging Sycamore: Harnessing 1432 GPUs for 7× faster quantum random circuit sampling

Abstract Random quantum circuit sampling serves as a benchmark to demonstrate quantum computational advantage. Recent progress in classical algorithms, especially those based on tensor network methods, has significantly reduced the classical simulation time and challenged the claim of the first-generation quantum advantage experiments. However, in terms of generating uncorrelated samples, time-to-solution, and energy consumption, previous classical simulation experiments still underperform the Sycamore processor. Here we report an energy-efficient classical simulation algorithm, using 1432 GPUs to simulate quantum random circuit sampling which generates uncorrelated samples with higher linear cross entropy score and is 7 times faster than the Sycamore 53 qubits experiment. We propose a post-processing algorithm to reduce the overall complexity, and integrate state-of-the-art high-performance general-purpose GPU to achieve two orders of lower energy consumption compared to previous works. Our work provides the first unambiguous experimental evidence to refute Sycamore’s claim of quantum advantage, and redefines the boundary of quantum computational advantage using random circuit sampling.

A study on eco-friendly materials for 3D printing – focused on Korean Hwangto(Loess) -

ABSTRACT Of the 37% of carbon dioxide emissions generated by the construction industry, 5–7% comes from cement processing. In response to this problem, ways to utilize soil, a material with low energy consumption, are being explored as an eco-friendly option. In particular, eco-friendly design is being emphasized in the construction field through 3D printing technology. The research method proceeds in two stages. The first measures the changes in drying shrinkage, volume mass, compressive strength, and flexural strength over 7 days for a test specimen created by mixing coffee, charcoal, and rice bran with Hwangto. In the second step, slaked lime, a solidifying material, is mixed and tested under the same test specimen conditions as in the first. As a result of the experiment, the higher the mixing ratio of Hwangto, the greater the compressive strength and flexural strength. In particular, coffee exhibited the highest compressive strength at 1.50MPa, while charcoal demonstrated the highest flexural strength at 0.51MPa. However, when solidifying materials were mixed, the overall strength decreased, especially in the case of coffee (1.50MPa for the first time/0.87MPa for the second time), which showed a 42% decrease. Overall, charcoal was the most suitable mixing material and exhibited consistent and stable strength values in all experiments. Based on these experimental results, a 1/50 scale pavilion was produced through 3D printing. The stable shape and appropriate strength of the result were confirmed, making it suitable for educational or practical purposes. It suggests the possibility of use across industries.

Understanding the Energy-Saving mechanism of ceramic balls in tumbling mills

This study investigates why ceramic balls achieve superior grinding performance compared to steel balls at lower densities and lower energy consumption. Particle motion analysis shows that increasing the filling level significantly improves the velocity distribution of the grinding media. The energy input from the mill is mainly converted into the kinetic and potential energy of the media, with potential energy being dominant. As the filling level increases, the efficiency of kinetic energy conversion improves. Collisions between media and mineral particles dominate energy transfer, and lower media density enhances collision energy distribution uniformity. Reducing media density decreases grinding energy consumption while maintaining the same grinding effect.

Levy Sooty Tern Optimization Algorithm Builds DNA Storage Coding Sets for Random Access.

DNA molecules, as a storage medium, possess unique advantages. Not only does DNA storage exhibit significantly higher storage density compared to electromagnetic storage media, but it also features low energy consumption and extremely long storage times. However, the integration of DNA storage into daily life remains distant due to challenges such as low storage density, high latency, and inevitable errors during the storage process. Therefore, this paper proposes constructing a DNA storage coding set based on the Levy Sooty Tern Optimization Algorithm (LSTOA) to achieve an efficient random-access DNA storage system. Firstly, addressing the slow iteration speed and susceptibility to local optima of the Sooty Tern Optimization Algorithm (STOA), this paper introduces Levy flight operations and propose the LSTOA. Secondly, utilizing the LSTOA, this paper constructs a DNA storage encoding set to facilitate random access while meeting combinatorial constraints. To demonstrate the coding performance of the LSTOA, this paper consists of analyses on 13 benchmark test functions, showcasing its superior performance. Furthermore, under the same combinatorial constraints, the LSTOA constructs larger DNA storage coding sets, effectively reducing the read-write latency and error rate of DNA storage.

High-quality femtosecond laser cutting of battery electrodes with enhanced electrochemical performance by regulating the taper angle: Promoting green manufacturing and chemistry

Laser cutting electrode technology is an environmentally friendly and sustainable manufacturing method that offers many benefits, such as low energy consumption and greenhouse gases, no waste production, no tool wear, flexible manipulation, and multi-scale processing. However, achieving high cutting quality with adjustable notch shape and controllable dimension precision is still a cutting-edge challenge. In addition, the influence of laser cutting on the microscopic structure and electrochemical performance of battery electrodes has not been fully illustrated. Here, the Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) electrode is cut using a femtosecond laser technology. The processing parameters are systematically optimized, and the influence of laser cutting taper structure on the structure and performance of LTO electrodes is comprehensively investigated. It is found that laser photoionization and the generated plasma could create oxygen vacancies and thus more Ti3+/Ti4+ defects in the LTO electrodes, resulting in increased electronic conductivity. Moreover, proper taper structure could help improve electrolyte infiltration as well as Li+ diffusion kinetics. As a result, the laser cutting LTO electrode with the optimized taper angle of T = 0.004 shows excellent electrochemical performance. The capacity retention is more than 99.2 % after 400 cycles at 1C, and the specific capacity reaches ∼60 mAh g−1 at a high rate of 60C, which is about 1.7 times higher than that of mechanically cutting LTO electrodes. The outstanding electrochemical performance is also demonstrated by LiFePO4||Li4Ti5O12 full cells. This work could pave the way for the development and application of laser technology in cutting battery electrodes.

Flexible transparent ITO thin film with high conductivity and high-temperature resistance

ITO thin films exhibit superior optical characteristics. However, their electrical properties are somewhat less optimal, and they demonstrate limited tolerance under high-temperature conditions. These limitations significantly constrain their potential applications in the domain of optical and electronic devices. In this study, ITO thin films with a thickness of 20 nm were prepared on a flexible Mica substrate. The film has an atomic-level flat surface, high optical transparency (around 85 %), and low resistivity. The stability of the film's surface chemical structure in high-temperature applications was confirmed through XPS characterization. Furthermore, the ITO/Mica flexible thin film demonstrates exceptional durability and recyclability, retaining its optical and electronic properties under a high bending radius of 5 mm and 1000 bending cycles. It is particularly noteworthy that the film's maintenance of good structural and electrical stability (sheet resistance stabilized at 35∼37.5 Ω/sq) under bending cycles at high-temperature (up to 800 °C) conditions, which is crucial for high-temperature resistance in commercial and industrial applications. This study will provide an important experimental basis for the further development and application of ITO thin films in flexible transparent electronic devices with high temperatures and low energy consumption.

Mechanisms of electromagnetic field control on mineral scaling in brackish water reverse osmosis: Combined homogenous and heterogeneous nucleation

Electromagnetic field (EMF) treatment has emerged as a promising approach for scaling control due to its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and low energy consumption. However, there is a limited understanding of the mechanisms by which applied EMF impacts mineral scaling in reverse osmosis (RO) systems. This has led to inconclusive and varied results and uncertainties regarding its effectiveness. This study elucidates the impacts of EMF on homogenous and heterogeneous nucleation and membrane performance during RO desalination of different feedwaters. Our results reveal that EMF exhibits greater efficacy in treating near-saturated water (SI∼0), especially when coupled with extended hydraulic flushing (HF). For saturated brackish water desalination, heterogeneous scaling predominantly occurs on membrane surfaces, with the effectiveness of EMF in inhibiting scaling primarily attributed to the hydration effect. In supersaturated solutions, EMF promotes bulk precipitation due to the magnetohydrodynamic effect, quickly blocking membrane pores. Thus, when the saturation reaches a certain high level during RO desalination, magnetohydrodynamic EMF effects can accelerate flux decline caused by homogeneous scaling. This work provides an efficient method for predicting EMF efficiency, emphasizing the importance of saturation conditions and HF cleaning duration in determining membrane performance, suggesting these show promise for improving undersaturated or near-saturated feedwater desalination via RO.

Using the Groundwater Cooling System and Phenolic Aldehyde Isolation Layer on Building Walls to Evaluation of Heat Effect

This study examines the thermal performance of building walls under full sunlight conditions using various insulation strategies. Specifically, it evaluates: (1) the effects of heat on building walls and indoor spaces; (2) the impact of groundwater cooling systems on thermal environments; (3) the influence of phenolic aldehyde insulation layers on heat transfer; and (4) the combined effects of groundwater cooling and phenolic aldehyde thermal insulation. Fluent–CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) was used in the study to simulate temperature transmission between the sun, the groundwater cooling system, and both indoor and outdoor spaces. Experimental analysis and simulations reveal that both the phenolic aldehyde insulation layer and the groundwater cooling system effectively reduce heat transfer, with the groundwater cooling system demonstrating the most significant impact. The phenolic aldehyde layer decreases the temperature difference between inner and outer walls by approximately 8 °C. The groundwater cooling system further reduces both inner and outer wall temperatures, helping to maintain cooler indoor environments. Simulation results indicate that, while the phenolic aldehyde layer effectively prevents external heat from penetrating into the room, it does not eliminate heat accumulation. In contrast, the groundwater cooling system efficiently dissipates heat, mitigating this issue. Groundwater analysis shows that maximum temperature differences occur at specific times of the day, with water flow effectively cooling the space. The combined use of the phenolic aldehyde insulation layer and the groundwater cooling system offers superior thermal performance. The phenolic layer provides effective heat blocking, while the groundwater system facilitates heat dissipation, optimizing indoor temperature and reducing air conditioning loads. This combination enhances overall comfort and energy efficiency, with the groundwater cooling system benefiting from reduced flow velocity and lower energy consumption.

Role of cerium modification on LDHs applied in three-dimensional electrochemical reactor for N-nitrosopyrrolidine disinfection by- products abatement in water

A three-dimensional electrochemical reactor (3DER) with Ce-modified CoFe-LDHs as particle electrodes is assembled and used to efficiently degrade N-Nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYRs) in disinfected water. The construction of hierarchical structure and oxygen vacancies accelerates the electron transfer rate, provides a suitable working potential range and reduces electrochemical resistance, which leads to improved removal efficiency. The optimised particle electrodes (Co2Fe0.84Ce0.16-LDHs@AC) achieved NPYR degradation of 81.5 % after 120 min of continuous treatment with low energy consumption of 2.4 kWh mg–1 NPYR (current density of 5 mA cm−2, flow rate of 3 mL min−1, electrolyte concentration of 0.21 mol L−1, and a pollutant concentration of 10 mg L−1). Based on GC-MS, LC-MS analysis and quenching experiments, the degradation pathway of NPYR is proposed, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the degradation process include •OH, O2•− and 1O2. The modification of Ce in LDHs has a significant role in enhancing degradation efficiency by accelerating the formation of ROS, which provides an efficient solution to the material design used in the 3DER system for boosting pollution degradation during water treatment.

Anti-Frosting and Defrosting Fins with Hierarchical Interlocking Structure for Enhancing Energy Utilization Efficiency of Heat Exchanger.

Air conditioners, being an indispensable component of contemporary living, consume a significant amount of electricity every year. The accumulation of frost, dust, and water on the fins surface hinders the efficiency of the heat exchange process, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the air conditioning system. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a large-scale and cost-effective method combining compression molding, chemical etching, and spray coating to fabricate aluminum fins (HMNA) with hierarchical interlocking structures. The HMNA exhibits outstanding durability, passive and active anti-icing, anti-frosting and defrosting, and self-cleaning capabilities associated with the robust super-hydrophobicity. The hierarchical interlocking structure effectively enhances the physical and environmental durability of the HMNA. Most significantly, the frost time of the HMNA fins assembled heat exchanger is significantly delayed by ≈700% compared to the traditional Al fins heat exchanger, while the frost layer thickness is reduced by ≈75%. This greatly reduces the frequency with which the defrosting cycle is started, thus effectively improving the efficiency of the air conditioning system. The proposed method for economical and mass production of the HMNA fins can be an excellent candidate for the development of low energy consumption air conditioning system.

Flexible Memristor Based on Lead‐Free Cs2AgBiBr6 Perovskite for Artificial Nociceptors and Information Security

AbstractThe emergence of the artificial intelligence urgently requires novel devices to handle massive data and bionic simulations. As one of new generation memory devices, memristor has great potential in information storage and brain‐like learning due to its merits, such as low energy consumption, high speed and etc. In addition, the randomness for the generation and breakage of the conducting filaments in the memristor can generate the true random numbers and realize the image encryption. In this work, the ITO/Cs2AgBiBr6/Al based devices exhibit prominent resistance variation characteristics and long‐term environmental stability (≥6 months). Additionally, the flexible PET/ITO/Cs2AgBiBr6/Al devices are assembled and measured resistance variation properties, which are adopt to realize the cryptographic processing of image information. The synaptic plasticity of the memristor is also verified, including paired pulse facilitation and spiking timing‐dependent plasticity. Finally, nociceptive responses are also simulated with the memristor via imposing different voltage. Nociceptive characteristics including “threshold,” “relaxation,” and “sensitization” have been successfully determined. The work provides possibility for lead‐free flexible perovskite memristors in information security and biomimicry.

Periodic Flows in Microfluidics.

Microfluidics, the science and technology of manipulating fluids in microscale channels, offers numerous advantages, such as low energy consumption, compact device size, precise control, fast reaction, and enhanced portability. These benefits have led to applications in biomedical assays, disease diagnostics, drug discovery, neuroscience, and so on. Fluid flow within microfluidic channels is typically in the laminar flow region, which is characterized by low Reynolds numbers but brings the challenge of efficient mixing of fluids. Periodic flows are time-dependent fluid flows, featuring repetitive patterns that can significantly improve fluid mixing and extend the effective length of microchannels for submicron and nanoparticle manipulation. Besides, periodic flow is crucial in organ-on-a-chip (OoC) for accurately modeling physiological processes, advancing disease understanding, drug development, and personalized medicine. Various techniques for generating periodic flows have been reported, including syringe pumps, peristalsis, and actuation based on electric, magnetic, acoustic, mechanical, pneumatic, and fluidic forces, yet comprehensive reviews on this topic remain limited. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of periodic flows in microfluidics, from fundamental mechanisms to generation techniques and applications. The challenges and future perspectives are also discussed to exploit the potential of periodic flows in microfluidics.

Phase‐Transition Photonic Brick for Reconfigurable Topological Pathways

AbstractTopological photonic insulators serve as highways for light propagation, enabling photons to be transported with topological protection and enriching the understanding of light‐matter interactions. However, the prohibitive fabrication and non‐reconfigurable functionality of current topological photonics seriously hinder its practical applications. Here, a revolutionary concept of phase‐transition photonic brick is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which can be regarded as an ideal building block to develop reconfigurable highways for light propagations. The proposed modular photonic brick not only integrates the inherent benefits of both passive and active topological photonics, but also offers previously unattainable superiority, including flexible scalability, deformability, detachability, and recyclability. Leveraging these benefits, this work provides a groundbreaking topological platform that balances the reconfigurability, multifunctionality, low electrical energy consumption, and low device fabrication cost. By unlocking the potential of recyclable photonic bricks, the work represents a significant step toward realizing the extensive and sustainable practical applications of topological photonics in information processing, computing, communications, and beyond.

Effect of Voltage variation on the Geotechnical Properties and Removal Efficiency of Heavy Metal Contaminants from Contaminated Soil using Electrokinetic Remediation Technique

A lot of research work has shown that despite the effectiveness of the electrokinetic remediation technology in decontaminating heavy metal contaminated soils, more work is still required to fully understand the role of voltage in the remediation process. There is need to establish the optimum voltage that would best remove heavy metals from such contaminated soil and its attendant effect on the geotechnical properties of the remediated soil. Effect of voltage variation on the removal efficiency of lead, copper and the geotechnical properties of remediated heavy metal contaminated soil using electrokinetic remediation technique was investigated in this research. The contaminated soil was remediated by applying direct current (DC) to the remediation setup at 0.5V/cm, 1.0V/cm, 1.5V/cm and 2.0V/cm. The concentration of the heavy metals after remediation were determined using the Oxford Instrument Analyzer to evaluate removal efficiency, geotechnical properties tests were also conducted on the soil specimens at each phase of remediation. The results showed that the lead removal efficiency was highest at 2.0V/cm (86%) with the shortest remediation time of 5days and lowest at 0.5V/cm (39%) at 9days. 52% of copper was removed at 2.0V/cm in 5days and 29% at 0.5V/cm after 9days of remediation. At 1.0V/cm, the lead and copper removal efficiency are 75% and 40% respectively. There was no significant change in the Specific Gravity of all the soil samples with the test results lying between 2.0 and 2.2. The soil is generally silty fine sand with not less than 40% passing the sieve no.200 (75micron). 45% passed through sieve 75micron for unremediated soil and slightly reduced to 40%, 40.4% and 40.2% for 30V, 45V and 60V respectively. The soil is non-plastic with the liquid limit of between 25.8% and 29.5% belonging to the A-4 group of soil. The maximum dry density improved across all the three compactive efforts, from 1.8390g/cm3 to 1.8480g/cm3 with WAS compactive effort and from 1.8000g/cm3 to 1.8320g/cm3 with BSL method with an average optimum moisture content of 10%. The CBR values increases with increase in voltage applied. The unsoaked CBR values averagely increased with 31%, 18% and 7% for BSH, WAS and BSL compactive efforts respectively. The durability index with resistances of 89% and 90% to loss in strength was recorded at 1.0V/cm and 1.5V/cm respectively, this, when compared to the resistance to loss in strength of 71% in unremediated soil has respectively 25.3% and 26.8% durability advantages. There was also a consistent increase in the UCS values, from 381kN/m2 to 474kN/m2 and from 351kN/m2 to 447kN/m2 when WAS and BSL methods of compaction were used. Generally, there was improvement in the geotechnical properties of the remediated soil. These improvements are maximum at 1.0V/cm and 1.5V/cm with little or no further improvement at 2.0V/cm. It is recommended that 1.0V and 1.5V are suitable for remediation purpose since it requires low energy consumption.