Loss In Women Research Articles

Competing Visions of Girls' Secondary Education in Post-Revolutionary France

Historians of the French Revolution continue to argue about the extent to which it represents a watershed in French history and to debate the novelty of social, political, economic, and cultural formations that emerged from the shambles of the Old Regime. Historians of women have sought to trace the emergence of women's political consciousness and activity, while noting that the first French Republic denied women citizenship. Ultimately, the Revolution relegated women to the private sphere. In these attempts to grapple with the Revolution's legacy for women and gender relations, the Napoleonic period has attracted little attention, in part because the period appears to have been one of general regression for women. Napoleon's Civil Code is seen to symbolize the squelching of all feminist hopes since it firmly established women's subordination within the family and determined married women's loss of civil identity. In the field of education, the balance sheet is similarly negative. Napoleon is recognized for his creation of the Imperial University and of the secondary system of lycees for boys while, in general, primary education and girls' education remain largely unexamined.

Management of Hair Loss in Women

Hair loss in otherwise healthy women presents several challenges for the clinician. The first is to identify the cause, which may be complicated by two or more secondary factors; the second is to find effective treatments; and the third is to establish requirements for long-term management. An optimal hair growth potential is considered to exist when specific parameters for biochemical variables are operating. These include red blood cell and serum folate concentrations within the normal range, serum vitamin B12 levels between 300 and 1000 ng/L, hemoglobin levels greater than 13.0 g/dL, and serum ferritin concentrations of 70 ng/mL or greater. The two predominant disturbances, diffuse androgen-dependent alopecia and chronic telogen effluvium, both require months of treatment before the benefits can be seen. During this time several follow-up investigations and reassuring consultations must occur. Current systemic antiandrogen regimens are highly effective, but the prospect of long-term therapy, possibly for life, is daunting. For some patients there is no systemic choice and topical treatment is the only option. Minoxidil is the only topical preparation currently licensed, but with no quantitative long-term data available, assessing its value in the long-term treatment of androgen-dependent alopecia is difficult.

The Accuracy of Self-reported Hearing Loss in Women Aged 60–85 Years

The accuracy of self-report in identifying individuals with hearing impairment was evaluated in 1988 in 267 women from rural Iowa. Using pure-tone threshold audiometry as the standard, self-reported hearing loss was a sensitive and specific indicator of measured losses of 40 decibel hearing level for pure-tone averages of either 1,000 and 2,000 Hz or 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 and 4,000 Hz (sensitivities, 90% and 84%; specificities, 71% and 75%, respectively). Predictive values positive were low (28% and 42%) in this population where hearing loss prevalence was 11-18%, but would be increased to acceptable levels in populations with a prevalence of approximately 30%.

Topical Minoxidil for Hair Loss in Women

Histamine H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) often are administered to intensive care unit patients in an attempt to reduce gastric acidity and to prevent stress-related mucosal damage. These agents have an extremely low overall incidence and severity of adverse reactions; however, hemodynamically significant hypotension has been noted. Clinical studies with rapidly administered intravenous cimetidine in critically ill patients have demonstrated a depression in blood pressure in up to 75 percent of patients. Ranitidine, also studied in this setting, does not appear to induce similar hemodynamic changes. The newer H2RAs, famotidine and nizatidine, have not been evaluated in critically ill patients.

Controlling the Woman to Protect the Fetus

Even many women who view reproductive capabilities not as a detriment but as an important source of joy in their lives recognize that women's reproductive capabilities have long been used to oppress them. The ability to reproduce has been an important factor in women's loss of control over their own lives, contributing to their being controlled by chance, by government, and by other people—husbands, boyfriends, parents. In the past, to the extent that reproduction has not been left to chance, the woman herself has often not been the decision-maker. Husbands have often coerced women into producing and raising offspring when they did not want to, and societal attitudes have had the same effect of encouraging marriage, then motherhood. Historically, state governments have participated in coercing childbirth as well, some by prohibiting or restricting birth control and all states by prohibiting abortion.

Cadmium May Speed Bone Loss in Women

Cadmium May Speed Bone Loss in Women

Analysis of the pattern of urine loss in women with incontinence as measured by weighing perineal pads.

Three hundred and thirty-five women with urinary incontinence underwent a pad-weighing test for quantifying urine loss. Each one wore a series of pre-weighed sanitary towels for a total of 1 h. The pads were weighed again after use. The test results gave information about the severity of the incontinence which was not easy to obtain either from patient interview or from clinical examination. The type of activity was the main factor determining urine loss, although patients with detrusor instability lost more on average than the others. Voiding during the test period did not appear to influence the overall test results. Reproducibility of the test has been studied in 50 patients.

A Feminist Perspective on the Development of the Social Work Profession in New South Wales

This paper argues that during the process of incorporation into a profession, social work lost any connection with early women who had been social activists. These women were responsible for developing the training programme for social work in New South Wales. Control of the training programme was initially transferred to men. Gradually as the medical profession influenced the course content, other avenues for the training and employment of social workers diminished. Medical social work became the dominant specialty. The control of the social work profession became linked to the medical profession. An analysis of the relationship between gender and professionalisation explains women's loss of control over their initiatives. Such an analysis also alerts the social work profession to the real dangers of being taken over by other more powerful and male dominated professions.

BROMOCRIPTINE ASSOCIATED WITH HAIR LOSS IN WOMEN? — First report

BROMOCRIPTINE ASSOCIATED WITH HAIR LOSS IN WOMEN? — First report

Human cardiovascular adjustments to exercise and thermal stress.

Human cardiovascular adjustments to exercise and thermal stress.

Influence of age and daily duration of exposure on responses of men to work in heat.

Influence of age and daily duration of exposure on responses of men to work in heat.