Longnan City Research Articles

Exploring the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and driving factors of water erosion in mountain area based on RUSLE-SDR

Quantifying the contributions of driving factors and analyzing dynamic changes of water erosion in mountain areas are crucial for soil erosion control and sustainable soil resource utilization. In this study, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) model were integrated, and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and path analysis models were used to explore the contributions and interactions of key influencing factors (precipitation, NDVI, slope, soil moisture) on water erosion in Longnan City. The results showed that the RUSLE-SDR model could simulate the water erosion process effectively in Longnan City from 2000 to 2020 (R2 = 0.821, NSE = 0.67). The spatial and seasonal distribution of water erosion intensity was consistent with precipitation, showing the characteristics of weak in northwest and strong in southeast, and summer is the most serious period of water erosion. The GWR and path analysis models revealed that vegetation and slope were the main influencing factors of water erosion, and they had a strong interaction. When NDVI was below 0.67, slope had a direct impact on water erosion; when NDVI was between 0.67 and 0.82, slope and vegetation jointly influenced water erosion; and when NDVI was above 0.82, vegetation became the dominant factor, while slope indirectly affected erosion by regulating vegetation cover. Precipitation was the main factor that influenced erosion when the rainfall was less than 550 mm, but when the rainfall exceeded 550 mm, it exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on erosion through vegetation. This study reveals water erosion’s driving mechanisms in mountain areas and provides soil erosion control measures’ implementation with a scientific basis and theoretical support.

Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Eco-Compensation Model in Impoverished Mountainous Areas: A Case Study of Longnan City, China

Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Eco-Compensation Model in Impoverished Mountainous Areas: A Case Study of Longnan City, China

A study on the monitoring of landslide deformation disasters in Wenxian County, Longnan City based on different time-series InSAR techniques

A study on the monitoring of landslide deformation disasters in Wenxian County, Longnan City based on different time-series InSAR techniques

Temporal and Spatial Response of Ecological Environmental Quality to Land Use Transfer in Nanling Mountain Region, China Based on RSEI: A Case Study of Longnan City

Nanling Mountain region is a typical southern hilly region, which plays an important ecological and environmental protection role in China’s overall land protection pattern. Based on the remote sensing image data of Longnan City in Nanling Mountain region in 2013, 2018 and 2023, this paper interpreted the land use type and analyzed the land use transfer situation by using land use transfer flow, and a land use transfer matrix. At the same time, based on the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) model, the ecological environmental quality of Longnan City from 2013 to 2023 was retrieved. The temporal and spatial response model of the ecological environmental quality to land use transfer in Longnan City from 2013 to 2023 was discussed based on spatial autocorrelation and a geographical detector. The results show that from 2013 to 2023, the decrease of forest land (16.23 km2) and the increase of construction land (13.25 km2) were the main land use transfers in Longnan City. The ecological environment indexes of Longnan City in 2013, 2018 and 2023 were 0.789, 0.917 and 0.872, respectively, showing a trend of “first rising and then decreasing”. The ecological environmental quality in the north of Longnan City was significantly lower than that in the south, and the poor ecological quality area appeared in and around the northern main urban area, showing a trend of “inward contraction”. Forest land, garden land, grassland, cultivated land and water area have a positive impact on ecological environmental quality, while traffic land, construction land and other land have a negative impact on ecological environmental quality. The response of ecological environmental quality to different land use transfer modes is related to the change of the overall ecological environmental quality. The interaction between land use and land cover change (LUCC) and other factors had a great impact on the evolution of ecological environmental quality in Longnan City.

Analysis on Foodborne Pathogen Contamination of Food Samples in Longnan City from 2013 to 2022.

The objective was to determine the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in food in Longnan City, Gansu Province, China. In this research, we conducted tests on baked foods, catering foods, meat, and fruits and vegetables sold in supermarkets, farmers' markets, restaurants, retail stores, street stalls, and school canteens from 2013 to 2022. We analyzed the variety of foodborne pathogens (Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli) in different sites and food types. Once foodborne pathogens were detected in the sample, it was deemed unqualified. The total detection rates of foodborne pathogens were 1.559%, 3.349%, 1.980%, 1.040%, 3.383%, and 1.303% in food from supermarkets, farmers' markets, restaurants, retail stores, street stalls, and school canteens, respectively. No pathogenic bacteria were detected in baked foods. Salmonella, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, B. cereus, and diarrheagenic E. coli were detected in catering foods, among which B. cereus had the highest detection rate. Salmonella was the most common pathogenic bacteria detected in meat, while the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in fruits and vegetables was low, with only one positive sample for diarrheagenic E. coli. Among the six sites, street stalls (3.382%) and farmers' markets (3.349%) had higher detection rates of pathogens. In general, the detection rate of pathogens from 2013 to 2022 was not high, but there were also some hidden dangers. Catering food is vulnerable to pathogen contamination, and street stalls and farmers' markets are the main sites of pollution. According to the above findings, the regulatory authorities should continue to strengthen supervision, guarantee food safety through early warning, and reduce the risk of food contamination.

Formation and Hazard Analysis of Landslide Damming Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data

Remote sensing plays an increasingly important role in the investigation of natural hazards, not only by obtaining specific data related to hazards, but also by realizing targeted research by combining with other data and/or technologies. Small-scale landslide hazard chain events occur frequently in mountainous areas with fragile geological environments and have strong destructive effects, yet have been somewhat understudied. This paper analyzes the Zhoujiaba (ZJB) landslide hazard chain that occurred in Longnan City on 18 August 2020. On the basis of the comprehensive application of multi-source remote sensing data, combined with time-series InSAR technology, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and numerical simulations, we studied the formation mechanism, damming characteristics, and potential outburst scenarios of this event. Our research suggests that geological structure and strong natural weathering are the preconditions for landslide development, which is eventually induced by extreme rainfall. Specific topographic conditions determine the rapid sliding and accumulation of landslide materials, and ultimately result in river damming. Our simulation results showed that a flood, rather than a debris flow, will be the result of dam outburst. When the simulated upstream inflow is 1.5 times that when the landslide occurred, 68% of the downstream village area will be flooded. The artificial spillway can effectively reduce the scale of the potential outburst flood, but there remains a risk of dam failure owing to the shallow depth. Our study of the hazard chain of a small-scale landslide using a combination of methods will provide a valuable reference for the analysis and treatment of similar hazard chains.

Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among adolescents aged 12-15 years in LongNan city，Gansu province，China

Background: With the rapid development of social and economic level, the rapid improvement of family economic income and the continuous transformation of social life style, the body mass index of adolescents and children has risen rapidly, the overweight and obesity rate has been significantly increased in social life, and it is now widely regarded as a serious global public health problem. Objectives：This present aimed to identify prevalence of Factors associated with Overweight and Obesity among 12-15 year old adolescents and children in Longnan City, Gansu Province" Methods：Nine schools in LongNan City were selected by questionnaire survey, and each school selected a class of students as survey objects to investigate the influencing factors such as height, weight, diet, exercise and family. Simple logistic regression model, multiple logistic regression model and backward elimination indicated were used for analysis. Results: A total of 620 adolescents and children were investigated in this study. Simple logistic regression model showed that gender, the number of fast food consumption per week, the number of chocolate consumption per week, the number of fruit consumption per week, the length of exercise per week, the number of exercises per week, the living area and family genetic history were correlated with the occurrence of obesity. Multiple logistic regression model and reverse elimination results showed that the risk of obesity was higher in males (OR=3.47) than in females. Statistically, eating fast food (OR=1.65), chocolate (OR=2.07), not participating in weekly exercise (OR=1.58), lack of weekly exercise time (OR=2.75), and not eating fruit (OR=1.53) were significantly associated with childhood obesity. We also found that children living in cities (OR=1.80) were more likely to be obese than those living in rural areas, and that children with a family genetic history of obesity (OR=2.20) were also at risk of developing obesity. Conclusion：In LongNan City, boys are more prone to obesity than girls. Eating behavior, number of exercises, length of exercise, area of residence and family genetic history are the main influencing factors for overweight and obesity in adolescents and children. Keywords: Adolescent Overweight，Childhood，Obesity.

Fagopyrum caudatum var. grandiflorum, a new variety from China

A new variety of Fagopyrum caudatum—Fagopyrum caudatum var. grandiflorum—is described and illustrated from Longnan City, Gansu Province, China. The new variety could be easily distinguished from F. caudatum var. caudatum mainly by its larger flower size (5.3–5.6 mm vs. 3.2–3.5 mm). The detailed description and photographs of the new variety were provided.

Identification and Characterization of Neocosmospora silvicola Causing Canker Disease on Pinus armandii in China.

Chinese white pine, Pinus armandii, is a source of high-quality timber and an afforestation tree in China, which plays an important ecological and social role in water and soil conservation. Recently, a new canker disease has been reported in Longnan City, Gansu Province, where P. armandii is mainly distributed. In this study, the causal agent was isolated from diseased samples and identified as a fungal pathogen, Neocosmospora silvicola, based on morphological characteristics and molecular analyses (ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tef1-α). Pathogenicity tests on P. armandii revealed that N. silvicola isolates caused a 60% average mortality rate in artificially inoculated 2-year-old seedlings. The pathogenicity of these isolates was also observed on the branches of 10-year-old P. armandii trees with a 100% mortality rate. These results agree with the isolation of N. silvicola from diseased plants, suggesting the possible role of this fungus in the decline of P. armandii plants. Mycelial growth of N. silvicola was fastest on PDA medium, and growth occurred at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 11.0 with temperatures between 5℃ and 40℃. The fungus also grew rapidly in complete darkness compared with other light conditions. Of the 8 carbon and 7 nitrogen sources tested, starch and sodium nitrate were highly efficient in supporting the mycelial growth of N. silvicola, respectively. The ability of N. silvicola to grow at low temperatures (5℃) may explain its occurrence in the Longnan area of Gansu Province. This paper is the first report of N. silvicola as an important fungal pathogen causing branch and stem cankers on Pinus tree species, which remains a threat to the forests.

First Report of Chestnut Blight Caused by Cryphonectria parasitica on Chestnut (Castanea seguinii) in Gansu Province, China.

In China, chestnut blight usually causes insignificant damage to fruit production of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) and no serious disease epidemics occur, due to the high resistance to Cryphonectria parasitica (Huang et al. 1998). According to recent surveys, chestnut blight was mainly found in sixteen provinces including Shandong, Hebei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi, Beijing, and Fujian, with severe cases occurring occasionally (Guo et al. 2005). The disease incidence has been aggravated with increasing monoculture of newly improved chestnut cultivars in chestnut-producing areas (Yan et al. 2007), though it was not detected in Gansu Province. In September 2021, some chestnut trees (Castanea seguinii) showing symptoms of crown dieback and diffuse sunken cankers on the trunk with swelled margins and subsequent cracking of the outer bark, were collected in mountains of Hui County in Longnan City, Gansu Province (E 104° 15' 5.76″ ，N 35° 11' 30.84″). Symptomatic branches were washed using tap water and dried on sterilized tissue paper. The Junction between diseased and healthy tissue was cut from the bark and sterilized with NaClO (2.5 %) for 2 minutes, then plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25 ℃ for 3 to 4 days. After fungal colonies formed, mycelia were transferred and subcultured onto new PDA media and then purified using single spore culture. After 7 days, colonies turned yellow white. Uninucleate conidia were formed in orange pycnidia and the orange pigments could turn purple if in 2% KOH. Conidia were straight or slightly curved, hyaline, with 2.5-3.5 × 1.2-1.5 μm in size. The characteristics of the culture and morphology were similar with those of C. parasitica (Tziros et al. 2016). Perithecia were not found on culture medium. In accordance with previous findings, the sexual stage of C. parasitica appears on diseased trees in late October. For molecular identification, genomic DNA was extracted from mycelium using a Fungal Genomic DNA Extraction Kit (Tsingke Biotech Co. Ltd, Xi'an, China), the ITS region was amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4 (Sorrentino et al. 2019), and the TEF1-α region was amplified with primers TEF-1H/TEF-2T (O'Donnel et al. 1998). Cloning and sequencing of PCR products were carried out by Tsingke Biotech Co. Ltd, Xi'an, China. The resulting sequences were deposited in GenBank (ITS sequence accession number: OM033734, TEF sequence accession number: OM12254). BLAST results revealed that the sequences of ITS and TEF shared identity over 99% with those of C. parasitica strains (GenBank accession number: AY308953, KP524763, KP824756 and KF220299). Based on morphological and molecular characteristic, the fungal isolates were identified as C. parasitica. To verify pathogenicity, thirty 3-year-old chestnut seeding (70 cm high, 1 cm diameter) of Castanea seguinii were used for inoculation. Chestnut branches were wounded (five wounds per sapling) using a hole punch and inoculated with a mycelial plug (5 mm in diameter) from the edge of 7-day-old, actively growing colonies. Pathogen-free PDA plugs were used as controls. To prevent desiccation, inoculated wounds were sealed with parafilm, and saplings were incubated in a greenhouse at 25℃. Each treatment consisted of 5 seedling and the pathogenicity tests were repeated three times. After inoculation for 5 weeks, symptoms of bark cankers were observed on branches similar to those of diseased chestnut trees in the field. Control saplings with sterile PDA discs did not display symptoms. C. parasitica was reisolated from inoculated branches. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. parasitica causing chestnut blight in Gansu Province, one of the few areas in the China thought to be free of the disease. The specimens were found in the westernmost part of the natural distribution of chestnuts in China. There are more than 2.6 million chestnut trees, which constitute one of the most important economic forests in Hui County Gansu Province (Yang et al. 2005). The occurrence of chestnut blight could be a restricting factor for chestnut forests.

Assessment of Landslide Susceptibility Using Different Machine Learning Methods in Longnan City, China

In recent decades, with the increase in extreme climate duration and the continuous development of urbanization in China, the threat of landslide disasters has become increasingly serious. More and more scholars pay attention to the problem of the prevention of landslide disasters. Therefore, the landslide susceptibility prediction is generated, which can play an important role in the design of land development and urban development schemes in mountainous areas. In this paper, the frequency ratio (FR) model is used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between each factor and the occurrence of landslide (elevation, slope, aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, distance to faults, rainfall, distance to rivers, soil types, land cover, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and distance to roads). Based on the analysis of landslide distribution, 12 influencing factors were selected to establish the landslide susceptibility evaluation index system. Historical landslide points were randomly divided into training (70% of the total) and validation (30%) sets. Thereafter, decision tree (DT), logistic regression (LR), and random forest (RF) models were used to generate the landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM), and the predictive performance of the three models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The FR model results showed that landslides mostly occurred at slopes of 0–15°, elevations of <1000 m, distance to rivers of 0–500 m, rainfall of 750–840 mm, NDVI of 0.8–0.9, distance to roads of 0–500 m, distance to faults of 1500–2000 m and transportation land. Our results also showed that the RF model showed a great capability of identifying areas highly susceptible to landslide, and this model had the greatest reliability. High and very high landslide susceptibility was detected for 29.73% of the land area of Longnan City, Gansu Province, mainly in the eastern, northeastern, and southern regions. The importance ranking of the RF model also revealed that elevation, NDVI, distance to roads, and rainfall dominated the spatial distribution of landslides. Our results could help government agencies and decision-makers make wise decisions for future natural hazard prevention in Longnan City.

Comparative analysis of emergency relief management system for debris flow and other geological disasters

Emergency relief management is the basis of national development. In recent decades, many countries at home and abroad have gradually established a sound emergency relief system, including institutional settings, legal construction and other aspects. China started late. After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the 2010 Zhouqu debris flow geological disaster, China's emergency relief management system developed rapidly and achieved gratifying results. Based on the basic emergency relief management system of Lanzhou City and Longnan City, this paper compares with foreign emergency relief systems, such as the United States, Japan and Australia. Also, this paper analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of emergency relief systems in different countries, so as to provide reference for the development of disaster prevention system in China, and effectively improve the management system of disaster prevention and resistance in China.

Effect of geographical location and soil fertility on main phenolic compounds and fatty acids compositions of virgin olive oil from Leccino cultivar in China

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of geographic location (i.e., latitude, longitude, altitude) and soil fertility (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus) on main phenolic compounds and fatty acids in VOO nearby the Bailong River in Longnan city, a representative planting-region in China. The geographical distribution analysis showed that the sampling-points from the middle reaches of Bailong River had higher secondary metabolites, such as oleacein and oleocanthal. Correlation analysis revealed that the contents of ligustroside, vanillic acid and rutin were negatively correlated with altitude while the contents of heptadecenoic acid, oleic acid and eicosenoic were positively related to the altitude. Moreover, the excessive available nitrogen had an adverse effect on the content of phenolic compounds and fatty acids in virgin olive oil. It was helpful for the accumulation of phenolic compounds and fatty acids in virgin olive oil when the level of available nitrogen ranged from 51 to 100 mg/kg. These findings are helpful for the geographic-location selection and fertilization management of olive orchard.

Assessing the sustainability of ecosystems over fourteen years of cultivation in Longnan City of China based on emergy analysis method

Currently, the contradiction between the limited resources of China's cultivated ecosystems and population growth is becoming increasingly evident, and the negative impacts on the environment and human activities need to be curbed. Therefore, it is crucial to quantify the sustainability of cultivated ecosystems and determine these driving factors that affect their development. This study used the emergy method to quantify the input/output flow and sustainable development of the cultivated land ecosystem in Longnan City, combined with the logarithmic mean divisia index decomposition analysis (LMDI) method to evaluate the driving factors of sustainable development in the region. The results demonstrate that from 2004 to 2017, the total emergy input and output of Longnan City showed an upward trend, and non-renewable resources (N) were always in a dominant state in the total emergy (T) input, and their proportion rose from 59.69% to 66.92%. The emergy sustainability index (ESI) is less than 1, and the environmental pressure of the system is relatively higher. Comprehensive emergy production ratio (EPR), emergy investment ratio (EIR), the renewable fraction (R%), emergy yield ratio (EYR) and environmental load ratio (ELR), showed that the agricultural ecological economy in Longnan still has great development potential, and clean energy should be developed as far as possible to replace fossil fuels in future planning. LMDI results showed that the intensity factor ΔY′A is the main driving factor for the positive development of ESI. The government's ecological protection requirements can reduce waste emissions through reasonable farming system and advocating the use of organic fertilizer, so as to achieve the purpose of improving crop yield. Vigorous development of green ecological agricultural production patterns can improve the sustainability of arable ecosystems. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of cultivated ecosystems and the formulation of related agricultural production measures.

Study on the Urine Iodine Detection Results of School-age Children and Pregnant Women in Wudu District of Longnan City

Study on the Urine Iodine Detection Results of School-age Children and Pregnant Women in Wudu District of Longnan City

Evaluation of ecological civilization city construction level in Longnan area based on entropy weight TOPSIS model

<p>This paper selects 13 evaluation indexes of ecological civilization city construction level in 9 counties of Longnan City, processes the index data by using entropy weight TOPSIS method, calculates the closeness of ecological civilization city construction level in each county, makes an overall ranking of ecological civilization city construction level in each county, and then analyzes the ranking results, in order to provide theoretical guidance for ecological civilization construction in Longnan City.</p>

Analysis of metal element contents in soil sample of different altitude from lead-zinc tailing mine mount in Longnan City, Gansu Province

Contents of metal elements in soil covered lead-zinc tailing mine should be determined after long-term exposured with tailing ores, results should be compared with the requirements of metal contents in National Standards in order to measure the the application level of land. The investigation of this paper chose the representative soil samples of different altitude from multiple soil samples collected from the soil covered lead-zinc tailings mine mount in Cheng County, Longnan City, Gansu Province in China. XRF analysis was used to determine the kind and content of metal elements of the soil sample. The data were compared to make sure the changes of metal elements contents of soil samples with the altitude. The result found that the maximum content of Fe in each sample, and the content of Fe is quite different of the content of other metal elements in samples, while the samples had relatively low contents of Pb and Zn. Content of Cu in soil samples is lower than the Risk Screening Value of Soil Pollution in Construction Land, while contents of Pb and Cr were higher than that in Risk Screening Value of Soil Pollution in Construction Land.

Quality suitability regionalization analysis of Angelica sinensis in Gansu, China.

The genus Angelica encompasses 80 species worldwide. Among them, only Angelica sinensis is widely used in China and Japan. To explore the quality and geographical distribution of A. sinensis, we collected 1,530 plants from Gansu Province and analyzed them for their contents of chlorogenic acid (CA), ferulic acid (FA), senkyunolide I(SI), senkyunolide A(SA), senkyunolide H (SH), coniferyl ferulate (CF), ligustilide (LI), and butenyl phthalide (BP) using UPLC. We also assessed the relationship between the ecological environment and quality of A. sinensis through maximum entropy modeling and a geographical information system. The habitat suitability distribution demonstrated that the most influential ecological factors for the growth of A. sinensis were altitude, precipitation during March, May, and December, precipitation during the wettest month, and the soil pH. The most suitable areas for cultivation are concentrated to the south of Gansu Province, including Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Dingxi City, Tianshui City, south of Wuwei City, east of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, north of Longnan City, and northwest of Pingliang City. The quality suitability regionalization analysis divulged that the most influential ecological factors for the index components of A. sinensis were the altitude, sunshine, rainfall, temperature, and soil pH. The highest quality A. sinensis grow in Dingxi City, Tangchang, Lixian, and Wen counties in Longnan City, Wushan County in Tianshui City, Lintan, Zhouqu, and Zhuoni counties in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Kangle and Linxia counties in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture. The experiment yielded highly accurate results (accuracy of 0.955), suggesting that the results were consistent with the actual distribution of A. sinensis in Gansu. The inferences of this research will naturally draw the attention of the authorities in the fields of natural resources and agriculture departments and provide a scientific basis for the rational selection of A. sinensis cultivation areas.

陇南高寒阴湿区立体吊袋栽培黑木耳技术要点

陇南高寒阴湿区立体吊袋栽培黑木耳技术要点

Analyzing the Causes of Spatial Differentiation of the Traditional Villages in Gansu Province, Western China

The study and protection for traditional villages are very important for us to protect Chinese historical and cultural heritage. Data show that under the condition of rapid urbanization. The number and coverage of traditional villages in western China are decreasing. It is impossible to effectively protect a large number of rural settlements at the bottom of China’s traditional settlement system. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the spatial survival status of traditional villages and protect them comprehensively and extensively. Using the digital elevation model (DEM) data of traditional villages in Gansu Province, China, published by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development and the attribute data obtained by the Statistics Bureau of Gansu Province, China, the nuclear density, the Mulan indices, the correlations between the heights and the centers are calculated and used to study the spatial different characteristics of the villages, and a number of results have been achieved: 1) In spatial differentiation, the spatial agglomeration of the villages is obvious and different, which can be seen by the distribution of the villages from along the upper reaches of the Yellow River to the southeast, and the distribution of prefecture-level cities is related to the landforms. 2) In vertical spatial distribution, the span of the altitude data is large. Among the villages, the Zagana Village in Diebu County of Gannan City is the highest and the Zhengjiashe Village in Bingkou Town of Longnan City is the lowest. With the increase of altitude, the number of traditional villages generally shows a tendency of decrease. 3) The spatial differentiation of the traditional villages has a clear normal distribution with the elevation, and the spatial differentiation is low, showing a distinct gourd-like structure; the eastern and southern regions are more concentrated, while the northern and western regions are less concentrated. 4) The spatial differences of the traditional villages have the characteristics of regional differences, which are weakly related to the distance between the central cities and occur mainly in the Longnan mountain regions, the Loess Plateau in the middle of Longzhong and the Gannan plateau. The results of this study are a useful support in protection of traditional villages in provincial scale. It helps to enhance the integrity and systematicness of the protection of the spatial distribution of traditionally villages. The Chinese government had put forward the “Poverty alleviation strategy” to help Gansu Province to get out of the villages’ trouble. Viewed from this angle, the research for effective patterns of traditional villages’ protection and exploitation plays a crucial role in the development of China’s “Poverty Alleviation Strategy”.