Longer Life Research Articles

PARTNERSHIP RELATIONS AND THE FEELING OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING

Davit Katamadze E-mail: datoqatamadze@gmail.com Assistant Professor of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8815-1167 Ketevan Beridze E-mail: k.beridze@bsu.edu.ge Professor of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6268-7037 Nino Rusieshvili E-mail: niniarusieshvili@gmail.com Teacher, Master of Clinical Psychology, BSU, special teacher of psychology clinic Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6370-5553 Lizi Vekua E-mail: vekualiza10@gmail.com Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Third year student of psychology Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2193-2779 Abstract. A person's life satisfaction is determined by various factors: feeling satisfied with oneself and achievements, positive relationships, social involvement, independence, self-acceptance, continuous growth. Our well-being is also greatly influenced by partnership relations. As part of our research, I wanted to find out how much our love relationships govern our sense of subjective well-being. An unhealthy relationship can affect many areas of mental health, life satisfaction, self-perception, and even self-esteem. A positive partner relationship, characterized by factors such as emotional support, friendship, intimacy, and effective communication, is associated with reduced stress levels, improved mood, and greater psychological resilience (Pietromonaco & Collins, 2017). Moreover, the benefits of healthy partnerships go beyond psychological well-being to include aspects of physical health. For example, individuals with satisfying relationships have lower rates of cardiovascular disease, better immune system function, and even longer life spans (Robles & Kiecolt-Glaser, 2003). Having a supportive partner can also enhance individuals' social well-being by providing belonging, validation, and social support during difficult times (Gable & Gosnell, 2013). It is interesting to believe that two people can have such a great influence on each other, that their symbiosis can lead not only to their relationship satisfaction and happiness, but also to the level of well-being, self-acceptance, autonomy, adaptation to the environment, etc. These factors will be discussed in the paper. Romantic relationships are a central aspect of most people's lives. We hypothesize that satisfaction with the partnership affects subjective well-being and life satisfaction. Key words: partnership relations, well-being, satisfaction, partner. JEL classification: Y800

Complications of Bipolar Hemiarthoplasty: An Observational Study

Background: The femoral neck fracture remains an uncovered fracture, and therapy guidelines are constantly improving. Hip fractures are a common injury in emergency rooms, particularly among the elderly. It is also seen in young patients who participate in athletics or suffer from high-energy injuries. To avoid problems, immediate diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Aim of the Study: The goal of this study was to investigate the complications of bipolar hemiarthoplasty for femoral neck fractures in the elderly. Methods: This study was conducted in 250 Bedded General Hospital, Pabna, Bangladesh, from January 2023 to January 2024. The study included patients who were admitted and underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty. All collected data was entered into a Microsoft Excel Work Sheet and analyzed descriptively using SPSS 11.5. Results: The patients' ages varied from 60 to 85 years, with a mean of 66.5 years. Out of 100 patients, 55 (55%) were females and 45 (45%) were males. Of the 100 patients, 32 (32%) had fractures on the left side and 68 (68%) had fractures on the right side. In our study, 75 patients (75%) received injuries from falls on the ground, 19 patients (19%) from road traffic accidents, and 6 patients (6%) from assault. Out of 100 patients, 44 (44%) underwent surgery within <10 days of injury, 22 (22%) within 10-30 days, 7 (7%) within 30-50 days, 16 (16%) within 50-70 days, and 11 (11%) within >70 days. Out of 100 patients, 4 (4%) had a prosthesis with a 39 mm head size, 12 (12%) had a prosthesis with a 41 mm head size, 18 (18%) had a prosthesis with a 43 mm head size, 27 (27%) had a prosthesis with a 45 mm head size, 17 (17%) had a prosthesis with a 47 mm head size, and 18 (18%) had a prosthesis with a 49 mm head size. Conclusion: According to the study, even if the incidence of other complications was comparable to that reported in the literature, hemiarthroplasty was not a good procedure for patients with a longer life expectancy.

Recurrent Axis Chordoma after Carbon ion Therapy Necessitating Reconstructive Surgery with Osteocutaneous Radial Forearm Free Flap: A Case Report

AbstractChordomas originate from remnant tissue of the notochord during embryonic development, with a relatively low incidence rate. Furthermore, chordomas, being resistant to radiotherapy, are primarily treated by resection; however, in some cases, particularly in those that involve the skull base or upper cervical spine, chordomas are unresectable. In recent years, carbon ion/proton beam therapy has shown significant efficacy in such cases. However, it is not sufficiently curative and is commonly associated with recurrence. Moreover, there is no consensus regarding the treatment of recurrent cases, resulting in several uncertainties pertaining to it. Here, we present the case of a 55-year-old male patient with axial chordoma who experienced recurrence after carbon ion therapy and underwent tumor reduction surgery for a longer life span. Two months postoperatively, dehiscence was found in the posterior pharyngeal wall, probably due to heavy ion therapy. Salvage surgery was performed using an osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap, and the patient's postoperative course was uneventful.

Development and mechanical characterization of horse hair with titanium dioxide nanoparticles reinforced polyester composite

This study aims to examine the effects of waste material more especially horse hair as fiber on mechanical and physical properties. Tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness properties of horse hair fiber and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) polyester composite were investigated to determine whether the latter might be used as a new material in various engineering applications for a longer life. To improve the impact resistance of the composite, horse hair fiber is mixed in different ratios with titanium dioxide and polyester as filler. Tensile, flexural, and impact mechanical properties were assessed using the Universal Testing Machine, the Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine, and the Izod Impact Test. Specimens were hand-put up using various fiber weight ratios. The results of this study showed that Specimen 5 showed a tremendous increase in flexural strength (98.87 MPa), tensile strength (91.46 MPa), hardness (115 HV), impact strength (15.98 J m−1), and water uptake (10.18%) as compared to the neat and also with the other Specimens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the fracture surface in more detail in order to search for failure mechanisms and the dispersion of nanoparticles. SEM micrographs verified the uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles. Results suggest that these composites can be used as a material for a variety of applications, including biological claims that they are a practical, durable, and environmentally friendly choice.

The effects of vitamin D on chronic wounds

Background: Wounds that fail to proceed through the normal healing process are referred to as chronic wounds, also known as ulcers. Chronic wounds have immeasurable biological, psychological, social, and economic effects, bringing tremendous challenges for patients, doctors, healthcare providers, and healthcare systems. Discussion: This condition is associated with a variety of comorbidities and complex etiologies. The global incidence of chronic wounds is expected to increase with longer life expectancy. Thus, a holistic approach is necessary, such as proper wound management, proper control of comorbidities, and provision of adequate nutrition, including vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D is an essential pro-hormone for cell differentiation, proliferation, and growth. It affects the skin’s immune response, and is therefore thought to promote wound healing and tissue repair. Many studies have been published on the association between low vitamin D levels and chronic wounds. However, whether or not vitamin D supplementation directly contributes to wound healing still needs to be elucidated. Conclusion: Despite the many reports on vitamin D as an adjuvant treatment for chronic wounds, further large-scale clinical studies are needed to cement the role of vitamin D as an effective standard therapy for chronic wound healing.

Severe aortic stenosis treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation or surgical aortic valve replacement with Perimount in Western Denmark 2016-2022: a nationwide retrospective study.

The healthcare registries in Denmark present a unique opportunity to gain novel insights into the outcomes associated with both transcatheter and surgical approaches to aortic valve replacement. Our objective is to enhance shared decision-making by comparing long-term mortality and clinical outcomes between treatments. This observational study included all patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing elective isolated transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in Western Denmark between January 2016 and April 2022. Patient population and clinical data were identified from the Western Danish Heart Registry and the National Danish Patient Registry, respectively. A propensity score-matched population was generated. Outcomes were investigated according to Valve Academic Research Consortium-3. A total of 2269 TAVI patients and 1094 SAVR patients where identified. The propensity score-matched population consisted of 468 TAVI patients (mean[SD]age, 75.0[5.3] years) and 468 SAVR patients (mean[SD] age, 75.1[4.6]years). The Kaplan-Meier estimate for the 5-year all-cause mortality was 29.8% in the TAVI group and 16.9% for in the SAVR group (P = 0.019). The risk of all stroke or transient ischaemic attack after five year was 15.1% in the TAVI group and 11.0% in the SAVR group (P = 0.047). This study underscores the importance of evaluating all patient factors when choosing an aortic valve replacement method. Surgical aortic valve replacement was an excellent choice, especially for patients with New York Heart Association class I/II, ≥75 age, left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%, or longer life expectancy.

The Innovation in Air Plasma Spray for Hardfacing

Thermal spray coating plays a significant role in industry. The wear-resistant deposition helps to provide a longer life cycle for the components. There is an ongoing effort to develop coatings that improve the coefficient of friction. Compared with other deposition techniques, plasma spray coating can be recommended for a wide range of substrate materials to produce a stable, wear-resistant material. The plasma-sprayed deposition not only improves tribological performance but also embeds the desired mechanical and physical properties. In plasma spray technology, the inert gas used is mostly plasma jet. To create the wear-resistant coatings, the engineers apply self-flux or cermet powder, both of which are expensive materials. Some positive results of deposition using the amorphous powder encouraged the engineers and researchers. But in a few of the investigations on the air plasma spray Fe-based powder, the plasma generation gas is ordinary air. This innovation served to save on production costs. The aim of this work is the study of Fe-based spraying, applying the modification of a plasma torch. Both of the innovations help to enhance the hardfacing effect for wear resistance.

Latitudinal life history gradients in two Pliocene species of Glycymeris (Bivalvia)

ABSTRACT Modern bivalves display a latitudinal life history gradient (LLHG): tropical bivalves tend to grow fast and die young, whereas mid- and high-latitude bivalves typically grow more slowly and may live much longer. Environmental factors such as temperature and seasonal food availability, both of which affect metabolic rates, are thought to be partially responsible for this pattern. Given that temperature influences life histories, we predict that the expression of individual life history gradients should vary over time with changes in global climate. Here, we use internal growth increments to constrain lifespans and growth rates in populations of Glycymeris americana and Glycymeris subovata along the Pliocene and Pleistocene Atlantic continental shelf of North America. We find that G. americana was long-lived (up to 93 years) and follows the expected pattern of longer life and slower growth at higher latitudes, whereas the shorter-lived (up to 36 years) G. subovata does not. G. americana life history data lend preliminary support for a change in the slope of the LLHG from the Pliocene to the Pleistocene. While G. americana is currently living along the U.S. Atlantic Coast, we were unable to obtain sufficient samples for our analysis; this represents a future area of research.

Artistic mathematical analysis of the influence of modern urban architecture and lighting on human visual information transmission

AIMS: In order to implement the relevant laws, regulations and technical policies of national urban planning and environmental protection, and meet people’s living and human health, since the 21st century, various countries have adopted various methods to improve the urban ecological environment in varying degrees. The influence of the environment on people is first through the human visual response to the brain, so that the human brain can respond quickly and affect their human health. However, human modernization has brought many serious adverse factors to mankind. We must attach great importance to it. METHODS: Using the methods of field investigation, mathematical analysis and observation, and using artistic mathematical methods from the perspective of visual communication, the effects of these factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The analysis results show that more than 80% of people believe that the stronger the artistry of urban environment, the better human health and the longer life span. Only 10% of people are indifferent to the artistry of urban environment. 10% thought it was OK to have a place to live. CONCLUSION: 85% of people require that the urban environment should first have artistic beauty. Human beings must consider the artistry of the urban environment as much as possible in the process of urban modernization. The stronger the artistry of the environment, the more beautiful the modern environment will be. With a beautiful environment, human beings will live longer and longer. Effective measures must be taken to avoid excessive confusion in the construction and layout of cities.

Maternal care leads to the evolution of long, slow lives

Animals, and mammals in particular, vary widely in their "pace of life," with some species living long lives and reproducing infrequently (slow life histories) and others living short lives and reproducing often (fast life histories). These species also vary in the importance of maternal care in offspring fitness: In some species, offspring are fully independent of their mothers following a brief period of nutritional input, while others display a long period of continued dependence on mothers well after nutritional dependence. Here, we hypothesize that these two axes of variation are causally related to each other, such that extended dependence of offspring on maternal presence leads to the evolution of longer lives at the expense of reproduction. We use a combination of deterministic modeling and stochastic agent-based modeling to explore how empirically observed links between maternal survival and offspring fitness are likely to shape the evolution of mortality and fertility. Each of our modeling approaches leads to the same conclusion: When maternal survival has a strong impact on the survival of offspring and grandoffspring, populations evolve longer lives with less frequent reproduction. Our results suggest that the slow life histories of humans and other primates as well as other long-lived, highly social animals such as hyenas, whales, and elephants are partially the result of the strong maternal care that these animals display. We have designed our models to be readily parameterized with demographic data that are routinely collected by long-term researchers, which will facilitate more thorough testing of our hypothesis.

Intrusion Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on IPSO-SVM Algorithm

To optimize node energy consumption and improve its security, this paper uses the DEEC algorithm to layer WSN and reduce the probability of channel information collision and uses the weighted probability of cluster head election to optimize node energy expenditure, so that WSN can obtain a longer lifecycle. Improved Particle Swarm Optimization-based Support Vector Machine (IPSO-SVM) algorithm is used for intrusion detection and experimental testing in WSN. The results showed that the IPSO-SVM algorithm exhibited good convergence, with a convergence step size of 5 steps, which converged earlier than the Support Vector Machine Algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO-SVM), which had a convergence step size of 10 steps. The IPSO-SVM algorithm performed best in WSN intrusion detection, with the highest detection rate of 96.20% in Probe attack data detection, which was 0.80% higher than the Support Vector Machine Algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm (GA-SVM). The PSO-SVM algorithm had the lowest detection rate of 95.20%. The IPSO-SVM algorithm had a minimum false positive rate of 1.54% in Dos attack data detection. In terms of average training time, the IPSO-SVM algorithm had a minimum average training time of 323.45 seconds. Compared to the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm, the Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering (DEEC) algorithm performs better, has less energy consumption, and retains more nodes. The method adopted in this study can make WSN have a longer life cycle and ensure its security.

Attenuating bone loss in osteoporosis: the potential of corylin (CL) as a therapeutic agent.

The global prevalence of osteoporosis is being exacerbated by the increasing number of aging societies and longer life expectancies. In response, numerous drugs have been developed in recent years to mitigate bone resorption and enhance bone density. Nonetheless, the efficacy and safety of these pharmaceutical interventions remain constrained. Corylin (CL), a naturally occurring compound derived from the anti-osteoporosis plant Psoralea corylifolia L., has exhibited promising potential in impeding osteoclast differentiation. This study aims to evaluate the effect and molecular mechanisms of CL regulating osteoclast differentiation in vitro and its potential as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis treatment in vivo. Our investigation revealed that CL effectively inhibits osteoclast formation and their bone resorption capacity by downregulating the transcription factors NFATc1 and c-fos, consequently resulting in the downregulation of genes associated with bone resorption. Furthermore, it has been observed that CL can effectively mitigate the migration and fusion of pre-osteoclast, while also attenuating the activation of mitochondrial mass and function. The results obtained from an in vivo study have demonstrated that CL is capable of attenuating the bone loss induced by ovariectomy (OVX). Based on these significant findings, it is proposed that CL exhibits considerable potential as a novel drug strategy for inhibiting osteoclast differentiation, thereby offering a promising approach for the treatment of osteoporosis.

The role of mitochondria in sex- and age-specific gene expression in a species without sex chromosomes

Mitochondria perform an array of functions, many of which involve interactions with gene products encoded by the nucleus. These mitochondrial functions, particularly those involving energy production, can be expected to differ between sexes and across ages. Here, we measured mitochondrial effects on sex- and age-specific gene expression in parental and reciprocal F1 hybrids between allopatric populations of Tigriopus californicus with over 20% mitochondrial DNA divergence. Because the species lacks sex chromosomes, sex-biased mitochondrial effects are not confounded by the effects of sex chromosomes. Results revealed pervasive sex differences in mitochondrial effects, including effects on energetics and aging involving nuclear interactions throughout the genome. Using single-individual RNA sequencing, sex differences were found to explain more than 80% of the variance in gene expression. Males had higher expression of mitochondrial genes and mitochondrially targeted proteins (MTPs) involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), while females had elevated expression of non-OXPHOS MTPs, indicating strongly sex-dimorphic energy metabolism at the whole organism level. Comparison of reciprocal F1 hybrids allowed insights into the nature of mito-nuclear interactions, showing both mitochondrial effects on nuclear expression, and nuclear effects on mitochondrial expression. While based on a small set of crosses, sex-specific increases in mitochondrial expression with age were associated with longer life. Network analyses identified nuclear components of strong mito-nuclear interactions and found them to be sexually dimorphic. These results highlight the profound impact of mitochondria and mito-nuclear interactions on sex- and age-specific gene expression.

Association of Life’s Simple 7 lifestyle metric with cardiometabolic disease-free life expectancy in older British men

BackgroundCardiometabolic diseases (CMD), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and type 2 diabetes, are leading causes of disability and mortality globally, particularly for people at an older age. The impact of adhering to the Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) on the number of years an individual will live without CMD in older adults remains less studied.MethodsThis study included a cohort of 2662 British men aged 60–79 years free of CMD at baseline from the British Regional Heart Study (BRHS). Each LS7 factor (BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, smoking, physical activity, and diet) was categorized as poor, intermediate, or ideal, and a composite LS7 adherence was determined by summing the number of LS7 ideal levels achieved. Flexible parametric Royston–Parmar proportional-hazards model was applied to estimate CMD-free life expectancy.ResultsHere we show that compared to men with the lowest LS7 adherence [with 18.42 years (95% CI: 16.93, 19.90) of CMD-free life at age 60], men having an ideal LS7 adherence are estimated to gain an additional 4.37 years (95% CI: 2.95, 5.79) of CMD-free life. The CMD-free life gain benefits are consistent across social class groups of manual and non-manual workers. Among LS7 factors, achieving an ideal physical activity provides the largest CMD-free survival benefit: 4.84 years (95% CI: 3.37, 6.32) of additional CMD-free life compared with the physically inactive group.ConclusionsOur study quantifies and highlights the benefits of adhering to the LS7 ideal levels for living a longer life without CMD in older adults.

Institutional Context Shapes the Physical Health of College Graduates Differently for U.S. White, Black, and Hispanic Adults

Greater educational attainment is generally associated with healthier and longer lives. However, important heterogeneity in who benefits from educational attainment, how much, and why remains underexplored. In particular, in the United States, the physical health returns to educational attainment are not as large for minoritized racial and ethnic groups compared with individuals racialized as White. Yet, our current understanding of ethnoracial differences in educational health disparities is limited by an almost exclusive focus on the quantity of education attained without sufficient attention to heterogeneity within educational attainment categories, such as different institution types among college graduates. Using biomarker data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we test whether the physical health of college graduates in early adulthood (aged 24–32) varies by institution type and for White, Black, and Hispanic adults. In considering the role of the college context, we conceptualize postsecondary institutions as horizontally stratified and racialized institutional spaces with different implications for the health of their graduates. Finally, we quantify the role of differential attendance at and returns to postsecondary institution type in shaping ethnoracialized health disparities among college graduates in early adulthood.

49‐5: Invited Paper: Innovative Systems Approach to Reduce Power for High‐Bright LCD Digital Signage

Sustainability is not just a buzzword, but a real and increasing requirement for outdoor advertisers, media companies and network operators. This paper describes a systems approach to make incremental efficiency improvements to components of large‐format, high‐bright LCD displays. The result is a quantum leap in LCD power efficiency, creating a low‐power LCD display system that consumes only 1/3 to 1/2 the power of conventional high‐bright LCDs in the 55”‐86” range. The result is not only lower power, but also reduced heat, longer life, and little or no compromises in optical quality or cost.

Patients with a history of more than one cancer diagnosis: An opportunity to expand eligibility criteria?

e23019 Background: Patients with a history of more than one cancer diagnosis are increasingly common due to improved cure rates in early-stage cancers, and a demographic shift towards an increasing proportion of elderly patients with cancer due to longer life expectancy. Having a prior cancer diagnosis is a common exclusion criteria in clinical trials but represents a large untapped pool of patients that could increase enrollment in trials. We assessed if there are differences in the clinical characteristics, NGS testing rates and the rate of actionable genomic alterations in patients with NSCLC with a history of at least one other cancer diagnosis. Methods: We analyzed patients with a NSCLC diagnosis and an appointment scheduled between Oct 23, 2023 and Jan 14, 2024 at three US community oncology sites. All patients were enrolled in the Kaleido Registry and descriptive statistical analyses were performed on curated data. Results: 221 patients were identified (110 male/111 female). Median age was 72 (range 37-95). 157 (72%) patients had NSCLC as their only cancer diagnosis and 67 (28%) had a history of other malignancy with a median time interval since the last cancer diagnosis of 78 months (interquartile range 28-141 months ). 49 patients had a history of 1 other cancer diagnosis and 18 patients had a history of 2 or more. The most common diagnoses were breast (n = 16, 7%), colon (n = 7, 3.2%), prostate (n = 7, 3.2%) and bladder (n = 4, 1.8%) cancers. There were no differences in median age (73 yrs, range 57-91 vs (72 yrs, range 37-95), or sex distribution (30/34 vs 80/77) between patients with multiple diagnoses vs those with only NSCLC. There was not enough power to detect a difference in the rates of NGS testing rates or actionable genomic alterations (EGFR/ALK/ROS1/KRAS/RET/MET/NTRK/BRAF/HER2) in the cohorts (51% vs 64%, respectively). Conclusions: One in four NSCLC patients had a history of other cancer diagnosis. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics or actionable genomic alterations. The median interval since the last cancer diagnosis was more than 6 years and less than a third had less than 3 years. These findings indicate that a significant number of patients with prior cancer diagnoses may be suitable candidates for clinical trials as their risk of recurrence of prior disease is likely low given long follow-up in this cohort.

Relationship between receipt of combined axillary dissection and nodal irradiation and age.

11043 Background: Combined axillary lymph node dissection and regional nodal irradiation (ALND+RNI) is the greatest risk factor for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), a lifelong ailment that negatively impacts quality of life. As disability from BCRL may be particularly profound for adults <45 yo with longer life expectancy, we examined the association of age and other sociodemographics with receipt of ALND+RNI to further our understanding of patients at greatest risk for BCRL. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to examine age-based differences in receipt of ALND+RNI in patients with stage I-III breast cancer treated from 2018-2020. Cohort characteristics were compared by age (<45 yo, 45-64 yo, and 65 yo). Multivariable regression examined the association between age and ALND+RNI adjusting for relevant factors. Sensitivity analyses explored associations between covariates and combined ALND+RNI by age group. Results: Of 155,010 patients, 5.4% were <45 yo, 47.2% were 45-64 yo, and 47.4% were 65 yo. Clinical and pathological node (cN, pN) positive disease, and receipt of ALND, RNI, and ALND+RNI were more common in patients <45 yo (Table). Age <45 yo was independently associated with ALND+RNI (<45 yo OR 1.40; 45-64 yo OR 1.26 vs 65, p<0.001). Residing in areas with a high proportion of high-school graduates (%HSG), Hispanic ethnicity but not race, and lower income were also associated with ALND+RNI in adjusted analyses (all p<0.05). Medicare (p=0.02 vs private insurance) was inversely associated with ALND+RNI. Among clinical factors, pN+ was the greatest risk factor for receipt of ALND+RNI (all p<0.001 vs pN0). Higher cT, cN1 and cN2 categories, lobular tumors, mastectomy, not receiving endocrine therapy, and having chemotherapy were also associated with ALND+ RNI (all p<0.05). Sensitivity analyses showed that while sociodemographics influenced receipt of ALND+RNI for women 45 yos, only clinical factors were significant for ALND+RNI for <45 yo. Among 45-64 yo, high %HSG (p<0.001) and low household incomes (p<0.01) were associated with ALND+RNI. In the 65 yo cohort, high %HSG (p=0.028), and Asian race (p=0.011) were more likely to receive ALND+RNI while Medicare patients were less likely to have ALND+RNI (p=0.012). Conclusions: Our findings suggests that clinical factors predominate in axillary treatment decisions for younger patients; while sociodemographic factors are more prominent for those 45 yo. Given their higher odds of receiving ALND+RNI, BCRL screening may be especially important in patients <45 yo. Further studies are needed to understand the interplay between age and sociodemographics on receipt of ALND+RNI. [Table: see text]

Efficient and stable supercapacitors using rGO/ZnO nanocomposites via wet chemical reaction

The electrochemical behaviorof metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) can be improved by maximizing the surface area and combining materials with high electrical conductivity. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) enables to bestow a larger surface area for intercalation and deintercalation as well as shorter paths for ion transfer, lowering ionic resistance. In the current research, hybrid composites of rGO and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were successfully synthesized by using a wet chemical method for the application of supercapacitors. The wet chemical technique for industrial-scale nanocomposite synthesis is easy, fast, and cost-effective and requires no specialized equipment. The size, surface morphology, and crystalline structure of the rGO/ZnO nanocomposites were characterized by using FE-SEM, HR-TEM, and XRD, respectively. By using cyclic voltammetry and Galvanostatic charge–discharge tests, it was confirmed that the capacitances of rGO/ZnO composites were significantly enhanced compared to that of pure ZnO NPs. The proposed nanocomposite could achieve significantly enhanced specific capacitance (258 Fg−1) and also, it was able to achieve a longer life cycle with maximum capacitance retention. We expect that this work provides a simple but very effective strategy for the rGO and metal oxide NP composites.

Vertical Takeoff and Landing for Distribution of Parcels to Hospitals: A Case Study about Industry 5.0 Application in Israel’s Healthcare Arena

To gain a sustained competitive advantage, organizations such as UPS, Fedex, Amazon, etc., began to seek for industry 5.0 innovative autonomous delivery options for the last mile. Autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles are a promising alternative for the logistics industry. The fact that drones are propelled by green renewable energy source fits the companies’ need to become sustainable, replacing their fuel truck fleets, especially for traveling to remote rural locations to deliver small packages, but a major obstacle is the necessity for charging stations which is well documented in the literature. Therefore, the current research embarks on devising a novel yet practical piece of technology adopting the simplicity approach of direct flights to destinations. The analysis showcases the application for a network of warehouses and hospitals in Israel while controlling costs. Given the products in the case study are medical, direct flight has the potential to save lives when every moment counts. Hydrogen cell technology allows long-range flying without refueling, and it is both vibration-free which is essential for sensitive medical equipment and environmentally friendly in terms of air pollution and silence in urban areas. Importantly, hydrogen cells are lighter, with higher energy density than batteries, which makes them ideal for drone usage to reduce weight, maintain a longer life, and enable faster charging, all of which minimize downtime. Also, hydrogen sourcing is low-cost and unlimited compared to lithium-ion material which needs to be mined. The case study investigates an Israeli entrepreneurial company, Gadfin, which builds a vertical takeoff-and-landing-type of drone with folded wings that enable higher speed for the delivery of refrigerated medical cargo, blood, organs for transplant, and more to hospitals in partnership with the Israeli medical logistic conglomerate, SAREL. An analysis of shipping optimization (concerning the number and type of drone) is conducted using a mixed-integer linear programming technique based on various types of constraints such as traveling distance, parcel weight, the amount of flight controllers and daily number of flights allowed in order to not overcrowd the airspace. Importantly, the discussion assesses the ecosystem’s variety of risks and commensurate safety mechanisms for advancing a newly shaped landscape of drones in an Israeli tight airspace to establish a network of national routes for drone traffic. The conclusion of this research cautions limitations to overcome as the utilization of drones expand and offers future research avenues.