Introduction: Sickle cell anemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies in the world. This chronic disease is characterized by acute complications and chronic organ damage. Objective: The aim of this review is to examine the effective management of painful crises in children with sickle cell anemia in the light of the literature, and to provide nurses and other healthcare professionals with information on effective pain control in these children. One of the most important problems faced by children with sickle cell anemia is the occlusion of the vessels due to sickling and the painful crises caused by tissue ischemia due to the crisis. These life-threatening crises need to be intervened as soon as possible. In cases where it is not intervened in a timely and rapid manner, painful crises cause short and long-term negative consequences. Conclusion: The aim of treatment in a child diagnosed with Sickle Cell Anemia is to prevent crises, reduce symptoms and prevent complications. The best management of this process includes nursing practices that are necessary for the frequent evaluation of pain and keeping the child's quality of life at the highest level.