Lomonosov Moscow State University Research Articles

Mediatization of medicine and health: dysfunctional aspects

In this article, based on the results of empirical research conducted by employees of the Faculty of Sociology, Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor T.V. Semina and graduate student A.A. Belov, the destructive influence of electronic and digital media on the health of Russian citizens is considered. In fact, we are talking about the “mediatization of medicine”, which is understood as “the process caused by the emergence of digital communication tools, as a result of which the masses have free access to medical information, and all issues related to human and social health are somehow mediated by electronic media”. The author emphasizes that quite often the media practices uncontrolled submission of quasi-medical information, signs of economic bias present in the media are expressed in the fact that the main source of income for the media is advertising, especially medicines and pharmaceuticals. At the same time, commercials advertising medicines on television are the most effective in influencing the audience. In 2019, T.V. Semina, Doctor of Sociology, Associate Professor of the Faculty of Sociology at Lomonosov Moscow State University, proved the destructive role of the media in the genesis of social conflict in the doctor–patient system. In April–July 2024, the author also undertook an empirical sociological study on the problems of constructing public health in the Russian Federation, in particular, the effectiveness of the impact of advertising materials placed in the media on the health-saving attitudes of Russians, he results of which are presented in the article. In general, the results of empirical studies conducted by T.V. Semina and confirmed by the author’s research convincingly prove the dysfunctionality of the media in relation to the health of Russian citizens, their negative impact on the consciousness of both healthy and sick people. The author emphasizes that it is not so difficult to protect health, but, unfortunately, many people do not even try to do this, guided by certain stereotypes imposed by the media. For example, that after a certain age, absolutely everyone has high blood pressure, overweight, hormonal and other disorders and should regularly take appropriate (widely advertised) medications or dietary supplements, the benefits of which have not been scientifically proven. Most importantly, the author notes, changes are needed in the development of self-preservation behavior among the population. The main task of the state is not only to develop an effective health care system, but also to promote a responsible attitude of citizens to their own health, which implies regular medical examinations, giving up bad habits, leading a healthy lifestyle involving “life on the move”, full sleep and cognitive activity.

«А НЕНАВИДЕТЬ У МЕНЯ ЕСТЬ КОГО»: ЗЛОСТЬ, ГНЕВ И ИХ (НЕ)ВЫРАЖЕНИЕ В МОСКОВСКОЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТСКОЙ СРЕДЕ 30–40-Х ГОДОВ ХХ ВЕКА

The article draws on memoirs, questionnaires, letters and diaries of students of the Faculty of History at Lomonosov Moscow State University in the second half of the 1930s and the first half of the 1940s to examine the practices of expressing anger, rage and similar emotions in this milieu. Representations of such feelings are rare in the ego-documents examined, but still allow us to draw a tentative conclusion about the existence of norms that provided in hierarchical relations for greater freedom to express these feelings ‘top down’ or ‘horizontally’ than ‘bottom-up’. When an expression of anger or rage was felt by the authors to be undesirable, they resorted to three ways of legitimizing it: providing a justification, placing oneself in a morally stronger and more empowered position, or redirecting one’s anger to a legitimate object.

The Faculty of Sociology in the Russian sociological education system: 35 years of leadership.

This article reflects the achievements of the Sociology Faculty of Moscow State University, which has been a recognized leader in the Russian sociological education system for over 35 years and trains professional sociologists who are in great demand in the modern labor market. Over the past 5 years, 1,287 Russian students (816 bachelors and 471 masters), as well as 368 foreign students, whose influx is constantly growing, have received a start in professional life. The author notes that the feature of learning is a harmonious combination of fundamental and applied knowledge, theoretical and empirical skills, which is typical for classical university education. In its educational and scientific activities, the Faculty of Sociology of Moscow State University relies on a combination of fundamental scientific knowledge and empirical skills that allow students to be not only practitioners capable of processing and analyzing data, but also theorists who understand deep social processes. The education system of the Faculty of Sociology is constantly being modernized to meet the challenges and requirements of modernity. In this regard, special attention is paid at the Faculty of Sociology to the introduction of new educational technologies, including the network form of educational programs, project-based learning, distance learning technologies, and e-learning. The article presents in a systematic form the achievements of the departments of the Faculty of Sociology, as well as the results of the scientific activities of the entire faculty, which are reflected in numerous monographic publications, publications of articles, as well as in reports at international and all-Russian conferences. Many monographs published by faculty members have become bestsellers. Among them: a monograph by N.G. Osipova and S.O. Elishev “Revolutions and coups d’etat: theory, history and practice”, a monograph by N.G. Osipova and S.O. Elishev “Historical Russia: territories and prospects”, monographs by S.O. Elisheva “Sociology of Religion in Imperial Russia” and “Imperial Statehood — the fate and mission of Russia”, a collective monograph by the staff of the Department of Modern Sociology “Social inequality in the modern world: new forms and features of their manifestation in Russia”, collective monographs of the Department of Economic Sociology and Management “The older generation in post-industrial realities” and “Artifacts of organizational culture”. The Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University takes an active part in the joint development of the Innovative Scientific and Technological Center of Moscow State University “Vorobyovy Gory”, contributed to the launch of negotiations between the INTC of Moscow State University and major representatives of the real sector of the economy. He pays great attention to the preservation of the cultural and historical heritage of Russia, the popularization of traditional values for the Russian mentality. A landmark platform for the implementation of this direction was the Vvedensky Stavropol Monastery “Optina Pustyn”, in the spiritual and educational center of which professors of the faculty N.G. Osipova and S.O. Elishev gave public lectures. The author highlights in detail the directions of international cooperation of the Faculty of Sociology and activities that help attract applicants.

Features of statistics of visits to physical sites using the example of the scientific and educational portal “Great Russian Encyclopedia” and the website of the journal Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk

On February 13, 2024, the 99th anniversary of the “Great Russian Encyclopedia” (GRE) (the successor of the “Great Soviet Encyclopedia”) was celebrated. However, it was only in 2020 that work began on the scientific and educational GRE portal, which was launched in test mode on May 26, 2022 (https://bigenc.ru/). By the editorial staff of “Physical Sciences”, to date, about 2,000 articles written by outstanding physicists and selected by the representative Editorial Board have been posted on the portal. The partners of the portal are reputable scientific and educational organizations: the Russian Academy of Science (RAS), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), other leading universities of the Russian Federation, and the Russian Academy of Education. The priorities of the GRE portal are reliability and accessibility. The paper presents statistics of visits to the GRE portal over the past two years. Another important electronic resource dedicated to the physical sciences and therefore analyzed jointly with the editorial board of the GRE “Physical Sciences” is the journal Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk (UFN). The first issue of the UFN was published in April 1918, and the UFN website (www.ufn.ru) was opened on December 26, 1994. Since 1995, there have been statistics of visits to the UFN website, which, for the first time, allowed the UFN Editorial Board to find out how many readers it has, who they are, where they come from, what their interests and preferences are? By 2016, DOI was assigned to the entire archive of articles from the UFN in both Russian and English. By April 2024, 1075 issues of the UFN containing 11,819 articles (cited 164,216 times, data collected by DOI) written by 8,799 authors were posted on the UFN website, and 405,365,547 times visited the semantic pages of the site. Statistics of visits to the UFN website and its features in recent years will be covered in this article.The statistics of visits to the GRE Portal and the UFN website demonstrate the growing society’s request for reliable, time-tested information supported by the reputation of the editorial board and publishing houses.

Maps of agrolandscape and ecological zoning of natural and natural-agricultural ecosystems of the Russian Federation

Agriculture has a large area of coverage and places the greatest burden on land, soil, water and biological resources in many countries of the world. Agricultural lands occupy huge areas in the world (4.8 billion hectares, or 37% of the land) and in Russia (221.9 million hectares, or 13% of the Russian Federation area). The agriculture best adapted to local conditions is the most beneficial one for people and nature. The main direction of agricultural adaptation is agrolandscape-ecological zoning. In order to provide information support for regionally, landscapeand ecologically differentiated agriculture and rational environmental management, an agrolandscape– ecological zoning of natural and natural-agricultural ecosystems was developed for the first time for all 11 natural-economic regions of Russia, namely, Northern, North-Western, Volga–Vyatka, Central, Central Black Earth, Volga, North Caucasus, Ural, West Siberian, East Siberian, and Far Eastern. The zoning was carried out using comparative geographical and agrolandscape-ecological methods, ecological-landscape and agroecological approaches. The contour and information basis for zoning is the map of Soil–Ecological zoning of the Russian Federation from the Faculty of Soil Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University. Maps of other types of zoning, numerous maps and atlases, statistical data, available literary and stock sources, ground-based and remote data were also used. Our sets of zoning materials included: a map, a map legend, 3 databases (land, forage lands, and negative processes), 2 classifications (forage lands, reindeer pastures, if any), articles, monographs, recommendations, and proposals for production. The maps have been compiled on a 1:2,500,000 scale on a modern, highly informative topographic cartographic basis for the map of Russian Federation. The maps show 6 types of boundaries, including 4 types of agrolandscape-ecological ones (taken from the Soil–Ecological Zoning map): 1) zones, 2) mountainous territories, 3) provinces, 4) districts and 2 types of administrative ones (available on the cartographic basis) of: 1) constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and 2) natural-economic regions.

Current advances in physiological science. In commemoration of centennial anniversary of the Department of Human and Animal Physiology of Moscow State University

Hereby we briefly review the articles that comprise the special issue of “Lomonosov Biology Journal” (“Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seria 16. Biologia”), which commemorates the centennial anniversary of the Department of Human and Animal Physiology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, founded by prominent Russian physiologist Alexander F. Samoilov. The main stages of the Department’s history are briefly described. The published studies of the leading Russian researchers, including the scientific research group from Department of Human and Animal Physiology, are discussed within the scope of main current challenges of physiological science.

A New Format for Studying Vietnam at MSU

This is an an overview of the first multimedia regional studies quiz on Vietnam, which took place on September 21, 2024, at the Institute of Asian and African Studies of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. The author of the quiz idea presents the features of the format of this event, its goals and objectives, as well as the impressions of those who attended it.

Osteometric characteristics of the Medieval population of Northern Sudan (based on materials from the Deraheib monument)

Introduction. Paleoanthropological studies of Medieval North African materials are extremely few. Despite the large number of international expeditions working in the region, very few results of craniometric and osteometric data are presented. This is partly due to the loss of practical measurement skills in European anthropological schools in the second half of the 20th century, partly due to the difficulties of studying the graves of the Islamic period. Several seasons of work of the Nubian Archaeological and Anthropological Expedition of the Research Institute and the Museum of Anthropology of Lomonosov Moscow State University on the Southern Necropolis of the medieval site Derakheyb (Republic of Sudan) were devoted to the study of this population. The purpose of the publication is characteristics of the medieval population buried in the Southern Necropolis of the Derakheyb site due to osteological features and introducing the new data. Materials and methods. The material is the bones of the postcranial skeleton of adult individuals (14 men and 9 women). The technique corresponds to the classical program in the modification of V.P. Alekseev (a total of 74 signs and 16 pointers). The reconstruction of the body length was carried out, the total body dimensions were described, and the proportion indicators were calculated. For intra-group analysis, the principal component method was used, which was carried out using individual data using the R language. Results and discussion. The male population is characterized by average total body size and shoulder width, while the female series is relatively narrow-shouldered. In the male series, the distal parts of the arms and legs are elongated relative to the proximal ones, and the lower limbs are elongated relative to the upper ones. The women's series featured a more graceful physique. The distal part of the leg is elongated relative to the proximal one, as in the male group; there is also some shortening of the upper limbs relative to the lower ones. Body length varies between 166 cm for men and 156 cm for women. Conclusion. According to osteometry data, the medieval population of the city of Derakheyb can be characterized as heterogeneous, the individuals that stand out mainly correspond to those that stood out according to craniological data. The male part of the population is medium-massive, and the female part is graceful. The entire sample is characterized by shortened lower limbs relative to the arms, as well as elongated distal parts of the arms and legs relative to the proximal ones, which reflects one of the features of the tropical adaptive type.

Подкасты в информационном пространстве московских студентов-журналистов: материалы эмпирического исследования

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in interest in podcasting. Young people are becoming not only media consumers of this type of media, but also active producers of it. This is especially true for journalism students who are involved in the process of mass communication both as an audience and as media professionals. Their life-world turns out to be closely connected with the process of media socialization, which is typical for other groups of “digital youth”. The article presents the materials of a representative survey of students of the Faculty of Journalism at Lomonosov Moscow State University. The study was conducted at the stage of modeling an artistic and educational podcast about science and considers students as media consumers and active participants in the process of mass communication. Based on the data obtained, the authors reflect on the possibilities of using elements of expressive techniques and elements of radio drama in the creation of popular science podcasts, the use of non-verbal components of media content to convey more information and meanings, taking into account the preferences of students. The results show that journalism students “care” about their own lifeworlds, but have an extramural respect for others' lifeworlds and the bigger picture of the world. The characteristics of the scientific and educational podcast for representatives of the “digital youth” presented in the article, compiled on the basis of the opinions of this socio-demographic group, can be used in the implementation of projects related to youth policy to promote youth education and career guidance. The local nature of the study does not allow us to draw conclusions about the opinions and moods of the student body as a whole, but gives grounds to formulate assumptions about the situation in the community of holders of special knowledge in the field of journalism and mass communications.

A Round Table “Specialty ‘Russian as a Foreign Language’ at the Philological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University”

A Round Table “Specialty ‘Russian as a Foreign Language’ at the Philological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University”

Обзор научно-педагогической деятельности и вклада отечественного ученого М. Н. Гернета в развитие уголовно-правовой и криминологической науки

Introduction. This scientific study provides a brief overview of the creative path of the great Russian and Soviet scientist, Professor of Lomonosov Moscow State University – Mikhail Nikolaevich Gernet. Based on the analysis of scientific works written during the Soviet period of M. N. Gernet’s life and activity, the author outlined his personal point of view on his role in the evolving of a number of legal branches, as well as in the development of Russian legal science. This research will enable young Russian scholars and practitioners, as well as specialists interested in studying the origins of Russian law, to gain better and more thorough understanding of the content of legal phenomena, events, as well as legislative processes unfolding at the present time. Methods. The methodological basis of this study was formed by private-scientific methods, primarily content analysis of documents and legal methods, as well as general scientific methods, including historical, system analysis, generalisation, modelling and others. Results. In the course of this research project, it was possible to convincingly prove that that M. N. Gernet made a significant contribution to the development of criminology within legal science. His profound, fundamental, and advanced scientific research, both theoretical and practical, not only advanced the field for his time but also had a lasting impact on the field. Today, criminology is a sub-branch of criminal law, and its influence on Russian criminal legal theory is substantial. In addition, the author concludes that in the scientific works written by M. N. Gernet, most of the author’s points of view are based solely on humanistic approaches. Even when considering issues related to criminal punishment, the author endeavoured to expand the use of the parole system. Most of Professor M. N. Gernet’s scientific ideas are imbued with the principles of justice. Throughout his life, he sought to bridge the gap between theoretical scientific concepts and practical applications.

Mitral valve calcinosis as an important finding during heart examination

BACKGROUND: Mitral valve calcinosis is a chronic degenerative process in the fibrous structures of the mitral valve. Advanced stages increase the risk of endocarditis and cardiac rhythm disturbances and contribute to cardiovascular mortality. The cause of mitral valve calcinosis is still controversial; however, the contribution of atherosclerosis to its development is currently undisputed. The prevalence of mitral valve calcinosis varies in different age groups and on average is higher in people with cardiovascular disease. AIM: To assess the prevalence of mitral valve calcinosis in patients undergoing computed tomography angiography and identify the relationship between aortic and mitral valve calcinosis and coronary calcium index and signs of remodeling. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 336 patients who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography with intravenous contrast enhancement at the Lomonosov Moscow State University Clinic between November 13, 2020, and May 14, 2022, was conducted. RESULTS: The prevalence of aortic (16.4%) and mitral (11%) valve calcinosis was high in people undergoing cardiovascular examination, and a relationship was noted between valve calcinosis and coronary calcium index. CONCLUSION: The detection of mitral valve calcinosis in patients during routine examination is important in predicting further treatment and outcomes because valve calcinosis is an indirect indicator of coronary heart disease risk. Although valve calcinosis is usually an incidental examination finding, it may indicate a high cardiovascular risk and should prompt further evaluation, if clinically necessary.

Variability of the sexual reproductive part in stinging nettle Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae): From flower to genet

AbstractStinging nettle, Urtica dioica L., is a widely distributed subdioecious long‐rhizomatous plant. Within a single population growing in the territory of the Zvenigorod Biological Station of Lomonosov Moscow State University, eight plots were selected in stinging nettle thickets to study the variability of the sexual reproductive part in U. dioica depending on internal and external factors. As monoecious ramets are relatively common in the studied population, four gender forms were distinguished based on the ratio of male and female flowers. On 156 ramets of different gender forms and 36 genets, it was shown that predominantly male plants are shorter, while predominantly female plants have larger and more widely spread inflorescences compared to other gender forms. The pubescence type (spreading or appressed unicellular hairs) shows the greatest repeatability within the merigenet. True monoecy in stinging nettle is widespread: male and female flowers of different gender forms were found in 10 out of 36 genets. The most common inflorescence architecture types in the studied population were proxigynous and basigynous. Both normal pistillate and normal staminate flowers, as well as flowers with morphological abnormalities formed based on flowers of different sexes can be found on the same ramet, which suggests the presence of paradioecious lability.

Научная рецензия на академическое издание: Актуальные проблемы грамматики и лексики славянских языков: сб. научных статей / отв. ред. О. А. Остапчук. М.: МАКС Пресс, 2024. 260 с.

The articles in this collection are based on presentations by Russian and foreign researchers at an international scientific conference dedicated to the memory of Professor Emeritus of Lomonosov Moscow State University and Doctor Honoris Causa of Charles University in Prague, the founder of the Russian school of Czech studies and long-time head of the Department of Slavic Philology A. G. Shirokova. The articles in the collection correspond to A. G. Shirokova’s multifaceted scientific interests: Czech and Slavic studies in synchronic and diachronic aspects, as well as comparative studies both within individual Slavic languages and in the case of comparing a particular Slavic language with a non-Slavic one.

Strategizing the industrial core of the national economy

Strategic provision of technological sovereignty and economic security for the long term are of the highest importance for any state. The availability of its own critically important technologies and high-tech production of products in priority economic areas increase the state’s resilience to external challenges and threats, as well as orient the economy towards the realization of national values and the interests of innovative development of emerging strategic opportunities. The formation of an industrial core as a vector for the implementation of a strategy to ensure technological sovereignty and economic security is a critically important strategic goal of Russia. At the national level, the need to strengthen and strategize the industrial core is confirmed, in which the industry should be based, not only ensuring stable dynamics of the national economy, but also stimulating its development focused on innovative priorities. However, the results of the strategic diagnosis indicate the existing imbalance in the sectoral structure of the national economy caused by premature processes of deindustrialization and primitivization of production capacities. The consequence of this is an increase in the negative impact of outdated technologies and organizational systems on the functioning and development of Russian industries. The study of the regulatory environment and methodological base of modern strategizing of priority industries in Russia conducted in this article indicates the presence of systemic errors in the preparation and implementation of strategic documents for long-term industrial development. In the article, the authors come to the conclusion about the imperfection and fragmentation of the applied methodology for the development and implementation of strategies for the development of industries, including errors of an essential, structural and methodological nature, or the lack of a methodology for strategizing in general. As a solution, the author proposes the use of industrial strategizing methodology, based on the theory of strategy and strategizing methodology of the Russian scientific school developed by the Center for Strategic Research at the Institute of Mathematical Research of Complex Systems and the Economic and Financial Strategy Department at Moscow School of Economics at Lomonosov Moscow State University, and has a number of advantages for the targeted development of industrial sectors and the formation of the industrial core of the national economy based on focusing on the search and implementation of strategic opportunities and the use of existing and newly created competitive advantages.

Global sustainable development programs: Challenges to the achievement of the goals

In this interview the Head of the Chair of Sociology of Public Administration of the School of Sociology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vladimir P. Vasiliev, shares his assessments of the results and significance of the UN climate Conference held in November-December 2023 in the UAE (Dubai). He examines the current dynamics of the implementation of the Paris Climate Agreement, the key provisions of the reports of the World Health Organization and the International Energy Agency, and focuses on the discussions that unfolded at the conference on the use of fossil fuels and the transition to renewable energy sources. It is noted that the process of implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is currently facing a number of serious obstacles, both economic and socio-political in nature. Meanwhile, failure to implement the SDGs is fraught with a sharp aggravation of the problems of global inequality, food security and climate migration, especially dangerous for the most vulnerable groups of the population. It is noted that under these conditions, the Russian Federation is pursuing a long-term climate policy aimed at achieving a balance between anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and their absorption, in a way that is consistent with national interests and priorities of socio-economic development. Hopefully, scientists from Lomonosov Moscow State University will be able to contribute both to improving the environmental policy of the Russian Federation and to defining the global climate agenda. And for this, in turn, it is important to develop and strengthen the dialogue between the leading scientific schools of Moscow State University.

Library and Bibliographic Classifications of Art Literature in the Documents of the M.I. Fabrikant Archive

The professional art history interests of professor M.I. Fabrikant (1887—1966) in the field of book studies, bibliography, library and museum studies are reflected in the documents of his personal archive in the Department of Rare Books and Manuscripts of the Scientific Library of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. Based on his extensive experience, the scientist drafted in the 1920s a scientific classification of art literature. In addition, working in the 1930s in the scientific libraries of major Moscow museums (the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, the State Tretyakov Gallery), he drafted the structures of branch catalogues. M.I. Fabrikant also participated as a consultant in the development of projects for the organisation of departments and catalogues in the new building of the Lenin State Library of the USSR in 1936.

Eurasian Civilization: Conceptual Geo-Economic Framework in the Context of a New World Order

The article is based upon the authors presentation at the All-Russian Conference with international participation “The Concept of the Russian Civilization” held at the School of Public Administration of Lomonosov Moscow State University on January 22–23, 2024. In addition to the basic propositions of the presentation the article contains certain ideas and methodological hypothesis regarding the framework for defining the limits of the Eurasian geopolitical space taking into consideration the on-going global and regional transformations. The successful integration of the geo-economic macro-region “Larger Eurasia” as a part of the economic regionalization in the contemporary political environment of competition of values means considering a wider array of factors beyond geo-economics: history, including the history of economic development, culture as well as the social aspects. The author promotes the position in favor of the integration of the mechanisms that are based upon the Eurasian theory and advanced mechanisms that form the economic and governing basis for the formation of the geoeconomic macro-regions. The trend for the formation of geoeconomic macro-regions was slowed down by the West but non dismantled completely. Those factors are directly involved in the issue of Eurasian frontier and the mechanism of its geo-economic demarcation. Special attention in the article is paid to the issue of the Western border (frontier) of Eurasia. The issue is addressed basing on the authors hypothesis about the existence of “Dnieper proto-fault” that integrates civilizational (socio-cultural) and spatial geo-economic aspects. The fundamental transformations’ potential including the force which lies in this proto-fault has already manifested itself during the Special military operation that Russia has started in February 2022.The effective analysis is needed not only for the interdisciplinary approach but flexible and creative adaptation of the philosophical heritage of founders of the Eurasian theory updating it to the newly emerged reality and relevant to the special, geography-based political and economic architecture.

Dynamics of development of consumer preferences and behavioral patterns of generation Z in the digital economy

Relevance. In 2023, representatives of Generation Z entered into active competition in the labor market and began to increase their marketing potential, which made this segment of consumers attractive to companies from different fields. Marketers and business development managers continue to study the consumer preferences and behavioral patterns of Generation Z, born in the digital age.The purpose of the study is to study the dynamics of the development of consumer preferences and behavioral patterns of generation Z in the digital economy.Objectives: to study the dynamics of consumer behavior in the field of e-commerce and methods of online and offline payment; to study the dynamics of consumer preferences of generation Z in the field of reading information from electronic devices.Methodology. A questionnaire of 37 questions has been developed, divided into 4 groups. 300 respondents from Generation Z living in Moscow and the Moscow region took part. The answers were collected using the Google Forms online resource. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow State University in the Laboratory of Applied Industry Analysis under the supervision of Professor L. V. Lapidus.Results. It was revealed that from 2019 to 2022, the proportion of respondents who prefer non-cash payment methods increased significantly. The proportion of respondents who pay for purchases online has also increased. The proportion of Generation Z representatives is growing, who find it more convenient to pick up purchases from order pick-up points than to deliver via courier.Conclusions. identification of trends in the development of consumer habits and behavioral patterns: the growth of consumption in online stores and marketplaces; minimization of communications in the "person-to-person" system when paying and receiving online purchases; multiscreen a combination of devices of different types to solve everyday tasks. Based on the results and conclusions of the study, recommendations were formulated for companies engaged in various types of interaction with representatives of Generation Z.

Monitoring of space radiation and electromagnetic transients by Moscow State University nano-satellites

Nano-satellites of cubesat format can be used effectively to study different aspects of space weather phenomena, such as high energy charge particle flux variations at near-Earth space as well as for monitoring cosmic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission of solar flares. Using a constellation of CubeSats enables cost-effective synchronous measurements of radiation fluxes at different points in space, effectively separating the spatial and temporal effects of observed flux variations.Since July 5, 2019, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) has realized its own program of cubesat employment. To the present date, 18 satellites in 1.5U, 3U, and 6U formats with the instruments developed at MSU have been launched, and 11 of them continue to operate on the solar-synchronous low-altitude orbits (400–600 km). The number of instruments elaborated especially for cubesats includes the universal Detector of Cosmic Radiation (DeCoR-1, DeCoR-2, and DeCoR-3 modifications), the Advanced Ultraviolet Radiometer (AURA, AURA-2) and the Complex Radiation Detector (CoRaD, i.e., KODIZ in Russian acronym). The DeCoR-1, DeCoR-2 and DeCoR-3 instruments allow for the detection of gamma-quanta and electrons in the energy ranges of 0.02–2.0 MeV and 0.3–10.0 MeV, respectively. The KODIZ instrument is intended especially to detect protons with energies higher than 300 MeV and electrons with energies higher than several MeV. The AURA and AURA-2 instruments are used to monitor atmospheric UV glow in ∼200–400 nm bands. Up until now, the good experience has been accumulated by using these instruments to measure different space weather effects, such as polar cups filling with solar cosmic rays, the dynamics of outer belt boundaries during geomagnetic storms, and electron precipitation in different areas of near-Earth space, including low-latitude regions. As a by-product, a number of GRB candidates were detected. The possibility of further development of multi-satellite group and perspectives to study the mentioned phenomena will be discussed in this paper.