Territorial Location Research Articles

Влияние института президентства на культурную политику Приднестровья

The article discusses the institution of presidency, which has a significant impact on the cultural policy and ‘cultural sovereignty’ of Pridnestrovie. It is noted that the development of the culture of the republic is directly related to the personality of the leaders of the PMR, their involvement in the cultural and historical processes taking place in the state. It is noted that the institution of the presidency acts as the effective imperative for the development of the country’s cultural policy under the influence of the legal status, territorial location of the republic and the established educational and award system. Collectively, these form a creative community and cultural leaders, determining the content core of their functioning, the intentionality of the socio-cultural functioning of the region, preserving its uniqueness and “cultural sovereignty”. Using the prism of educational, enlightening and leisure activities, and the correlation of the functioning of national-cultural associations and creative unions, three stages are considered; a different stage for when the young republic had different leaders. It is demonstrated how a change in the socio-moral differentiation of priorities, due to a change in the course pursued by the institute of presidency, leads to certain “swings” in society, a violation of the parity of multicultural interests, and an imbalance in the spiritual consciousness of cultural elites. And it is proven that it is the personal involvement of the head of state, especially in a presidential republic, under the influence of internal political events, that influences the content core and accents in cultural policy, the pace of fulfillment of the designated tasks, and the degree of their implementation. A historiographical review of the cultural policy of Transnistria is presented, examining the identification of the main directions of development at the end of the 20th and the first quarter of the 21st centuries. The author uses promising methodological approaches to conducting cultural research based on a synthesis of practical, experimental methods and theoretical understanding of scientific results.

Social Media as an Effective Tool for Remote Services of Digital Libraries

The aim of the article is to reveal peculiarities of using social media (social networks, video hosting, etc.) as a modern toolkit of digital libraries in the context of the remote services development. Research methods. The methods of analysis and synthesis, logical, system-structural and comparative methods are applied, which contribute to systematising and generalising theoretical and methodological foundations of the remote services development of digital libraries; studying of popular practices of Ukrainian libraries in social media; identifying peculiarities of using different types of social media in library activities. The method of cognitive analysis is applied in order to highlight basic characteristics of social media as tools of remote services of digital libraries. Using the methods of deduction and generalisation contributes to the formulation of research conclusions. Scientific novelty. Features of applying various types of social media in library activity at the current stage are studied; the basic characteristics of social media as tools of remote services of digital libraries are clarified; the specifics of using social media (social networks, video hosting, podcasts, etc.) as a modern toolkit of digital libraries in the context of the development of remote services is clarified. The most effective types of social media in the context of the specifics of the remote services development of digital libraries in Ukraine are identified. Main conclusions. Having led to revolutionary changes in information and communication practice, social media becomes an integral part of library activity at the present stage. Social media provides libraries with an opportunity to engage users in multifaceted communication while promoting library services and resources beyond geographic boundaries and physical library spaces. Features of social media usage (social networks, video hosting, podcasts, etc.) as a modern toolkit of digital libraries in the context of the development of remote services are the following: promotion of services (notifications about news, relevant items from the collection and library events); connections with library users; provision of library programmes and services 24/7 regardless of territorial location; possibilities of creating corporate communication in order to improve the library service, etc.

The role of the construction industry in the recovery of processing enterprises during the crisis

The article discusses the consequences of the crisis period for the work of processing enterprises in Ukraine. It is established that hostilities on the territory of our state and general instability lead to a decrease in production and force processing enterprises to cease their activities. Many enterprises are experiencing serious financial difficulties due to work restrictions, problems with the supply of raw materials, and the loss of industrial facilities. In the summer of 2022, the percentage of companies that closed or were in the process of ceasing operations was 46.8 %. A significant consequence of the war for the Ukrainian economy at the moment is the rapid changes in the territorial location and the change in the symmetry of the processing industry of Ukraine. The war also affected the sectoral structure of the processing industry, producing significant shifts and changes in the volume of products sold. The current political situation in Ukraine and the severance of business chains with the temporarily occupied territories require processing enterprises to search for new markets for products, sources of supply of raw materials, change logistics links, increase the production of raw materials and their own products. During the study, it was found that certain key aspects of the impact on the activities of processing enterprises were previously insufficiently studied. It is determined that the construction industry is of critical importance for the processing industry of the State during the crisis, which is designed to contribute to the recovery of this industry: to develop infrastructure, to build and modernize production facilities, which allows to introduce new technologies and optimize production processes, to improve the conditions of production itself, to build energy facilities to provide processing enterprises with stable and affordable energy supply, to apply modern construction technologies that will create environmentally friendly and energy-efficient production. For the restoration and development of the processing industry of Ukraine, taking into account the impact of the construction industry, we propose to apply the following measures: widespread implementation of the enterprise relocation program with the expansion of state support; the use of state programs for the reconstruction of property and lending, the development of international communications and the European vector for the recovery of the post-war industry based on the ESG concept and the principles of building back better, compliance with the principles of energy efficiency and energy saving, and the application of decarbonization measures. These tools are designed to provide stimulating processes in the processing industry to achieve and exceed the prewar level of the volume of competitive and high-quality products. The development of the construction industry plays an important role in the restoration of processing enterprises in Ukraine, so it is important to create favorable conditions for their cooperation, to develop comprehensive development strategies aimed at ensuring sustainable economic growth and support.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE POPULATION DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE KASHKADARYA REGION

This article analyzes the population density - territorial distribution of the Kashkadarya region and their causes. Along with the population density of the region, the influence of natural and economic factors affecting the location of the population, as well as the landscape features of the region, is described. Also, the problems that have arisen due to the differences in the number of population and the territorial location of the population between the region and its administrative units, as well as proposals and recommendations for their elimination are presented.

Management of Mining Brownfields for Support of Regional Tourism

Turbulent political and economic changes in 1989 caused the gradual decline of the mining industry in the Slovak Republic. Abandoned territorial localities were created, affected by mining activity, without any use with devastated mining objects, or even a certain form of environmental burden. These territorial locations used for mining in the past, unused currently, in varying degrees of devastation, are referred to as mining brownfields. This issue is topical, as there is constant urbanization of new territories. Mining brownfields often represent a certain form of territorial reserve to support tourism development. The present study deals with identifying the tourist potential of the Fedö shaft mining brownfield in the Červenica—Dubník area (Slovakia), which is included in the list of national cultural monuments. The study points out the need for reclamation from the point of view of supporting the development of a tourist destination based on the accessible mining brownfield—the Jozef tunnel—making it possible to use the interaction links of both mining brownfields in the investigated area of tourism. Based on the results of the conducted SWOT analysis, the study presents the quantification of the tourism development support potential of the analyzed mining brownfield. It also includes selected environmental, social, and economic aspects of the reclamation, and the definition of an effective strategy for usage of the examined mining brownfield as a tool to support tourism development. The article concludes a model of effective management of the use of mining brownfields in the field of tourism in Slovakia, which is constructed as open and modifiable in its interaction with the specification of diverse conditions of tourist destinations with integrated mining brownfields, which include old mine works.

Застосування гнучкої зайнятості на підприємствах

The article substantiates the need to develop and implement a flexible employment policy for employees of enterprises in connection with the course of transformational processes in the external environment and the related need to adapt to their internal environment. The article aims to study the features of the flexible employment policy of enterprises and develop proposals for the formation and implementation of their target programs using a program-target approach. Based on the generalization of literary sources, the features of flexible employment and its policy are analyzed, including the change of social status, organization of working hours, systems and forms of remuneration, and territorial location of employees’ workplaces. The differences between non-standard and flexible employment, their definitions, and the characteristics of crisis and transformational models are clarified. The expediency and advantages of using a program-targeted approach for the formation and implementation of a flexible employee employment policy at the enterprise have been proven. The principles of implementing the program-target approach were formed: planning, purposefulness, systematicity and complexity, compliance with timing and deadlines, limited resources, reflexivity, and success. The content and sequence of the main stages and regularities of applying the program-target approach to forming and implementing the flexible employment policy of the company’s employees are proposed. The typical objectives of the program were formed with their decomposition into supporting and providing ones. A typical form of monitoring the results of the implementation of the target program of flexible employment of the company’s employees for a certain period has been developed, considering the achievement of the values of the control critical indicators of the program by goals, measures, funding volumes and responsible positions of the executors. Keywords: employment, flexible employment, non-standard employment, enterprise, employees.

РАЗМЕЩЕНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА В ИСПРАВИТЕЛЬНЫХ КОЛОНИЯХ РЕГИОНА: ПРИНЦИПЫ И ПРИОРИТЕТЫ

The article considers the placement of industrial and economic activities in institutions of the penal system. As an example, the sectoral structure and territorial location of the production of goods and services of correctional colonies of the GUFSIN of Russia in the Rostov region are given. The main research method is the construction of cartograms (geographical maps with the application of economic and statistical information). Cartograms for the region with the display of penal colonies have been built by industries (sewing, woodworking, metalworking, food production). The analysis using cartograms showed the spatial distribution of industries and its concentration on the territory of the region. The article touches upon the problem of integrating the production and economic activities of institutions of the penal system into the economy of the region. We are talking not only about the economy of the Rostov region, but also about a new integrated structure – the Donbass commonwealth. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to optimize the spatial placement of production facilities of the penal correction system, taking into account the ongoing integration processes in the region.

Projecting and Transforming the Net Structure of Delivery Chains in Conditions of Latest Geo-Political Changes

Logistics in Russia has been actively developing lately. One of key trends in this process implies building a net structure by logistic companies as a foundation for efficient and competitive delivery chains. The article studied development of a net structure of delivery chains and specific features of new reality of net functioning, where their transformation shall take place. It was found out that strategic goals, which are targeted at by logistic company plans are based on rational net configuration. Availability of rationally projected logistic chains both inside the country and abroad became unquestionable competitive advantage that allowed companies to move goods to the final consumer. Globalization of economy in certain countries and the development of international trade in the last decade provided logistic companies with wide opportunities for profitable territorial location of delivery chain links. However, the desired success of logistic companies in attaining goals of functioning faced today’s transport and logistics reality caused by pressure of numerous factors connected with sanctions against Russia, which led to the necessity to transform net configuration. In view of this the authors discussed in more detail the mechanism of some factors, which can result in distortion of product flows and arising of new ones, including in international delivery chains.

Оценка территориальной дифференциации показателей уровня жизни в Российской Федерации

The results of statistical analysis and assessment of the standard of living of the population in the Russian Federation are presented in the context of territorial features, taking into account the influence of various factors using a complex of statistical methods. The main groups of living standard indicators presented in the data of the Federal State Statistics Service are considered. Due to the presence of territorial differentiation in the standard of living in the Russian Federation, clustering of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was carried out based on such characteristics of the standard of living as average per capita cash income, average consumer spending per capita, healthy life expectancy and unemployment rate in the regions. Assessments of the situation within each cluster are given in connection with their territorial location. To identify existing patterns in living standard indicators at a regional level, correlation and regression analysis was used. Regression models of budget indicators of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the main characteristics of the standard of living are considered. Statistically significant patterns have been identified between indicators of the budgets, the labor and housing spheres, as well as the well-being of the population. The correlation between various living standard indicators has been determined. A comparative assessment over time is given. The results obtained can be used to monitor living standard indicators in the regions, as well as in developing socio-economic policy measures.

Cluster approach to regional oil and fat subcomplex development

The article studies regional oil and fat subcomplex development in terms of the cluster approach application based on coordinating economic interests of sunflower seed producers, processing and marketing organizations under the condition of appropriate government support, as well as methodological, organizational, and information support by the relevant structures. On the basis of the production and economic indicators analysis it has been revealed that in the Saratov region sunflower production is quite effective, but the lack of interconnection between the oil and fat subcomplex subjects leads to uneven production volumes and highly varying profitability in the context of municipal districts of the region and lost profits formation at all stages of product movement. The author has developed a scheme of the regional oil and fat cluster subjects territorial location, represented by the areas of the cluster production core (with sunflower production volumes above the average regional level), production linking areas (with sunflower production volumes below the average regional level), as well as areas with developed infrastructure (with the presence of processing and storage facilities, and transportation hubs), allowing to establish an effective logistics system with mutually beneficial cooperation between regions. On the example of sunflower seed producers in the Saratov region clustering efficiency has been shown, which consists in production costs reduction as a result of transaction costs reduction and sales revenue growth due to the increase in the sunflower purchase price. The study results can be used in programs and proposals development to strengthen integration ties between the agro-industrial complex subjects.

Foreign experience in organizing state and business relationship and its impact on urbanization

The subject of this study is the relationship between state and municipal authorities, representatives of business sector, the population of certain territories in terms of the need for physical interaction between government and business, which ultimately affects the location of the population. The goal is to prove that Russia's big business itself strives to be physically closer to the authorities, which does not have a positive effect on the processes of urbanization. In its turn, foreign experience demonstrates more effective options for the relationship between state and business that do not affect other social processes. In this work, the author uses statistical method, the method of modeling in terms of formulating the author's proposals, expert assessments, comparative legal method, as well as general scientific methods of deduction, induction, analysis and synthesis. The work shows close relationship between business and public authorities in the Russian Federation, which is due to the territorial location of a large number of people in the area where there are conditions for such interaction. The described situation is not characteristic of most foreign countries. Some variants of influence for overcoming the specified problem are offered. Scope of the results: public administration system, including the processes of state influence on economic entities. Also, individual proposals can be applied in urban planning, solving issues of demography and urbanization. Russia is characterized by a very close relationship between state power and the commercial sector, which significantly distinguishes it from most of other countries, at least in terms of territorial structure. This situation has a negative impact on a large number of social institutions, and therefore it is necessary to take a number of organizational measures, including the use of administration of planning and urban planning activities based on foreign experience.

Accounting and Monitoring System of Electricity Expenditures Based on Geospatient Data Consumers Location

The purpose of the research is considers the development and implementation of a system of accounting and monitoring of electricity costs with visualization of geospatial location data by consumers, which provides technical accounting and analysis of the structure of electricity consumption, estimation of electricity consumption for the tasks of planning production volumes and purchasing electricity from producing companies based on consumer expenditure statistics, prevention of losses associated with unauthorized electricity extraction.Methods. When creating a project and software implementation of a system for monitoring and controlling energy consumption, methods of system analysis, methods of designing software for information systems, a unified object-oriented modeling language Unified Modeling Language (UML), DBMS SQLServer, development environment Microsoft Visual Studio Code (VS Code.) were used.Results. During the project, software for a monitoring and control system for electricity consumption with visualization of geospatial data on the location of consumers was developed and implemented.Тhe project was implemented, tested and introduced into the activities of JSC АtomЕnergoSbyt when planning and accounting for electricity supplies to consumers.Тhe testing results showed that the software system fully satisfies the functional requirements, is ready for use and was demonstrated at the exhibition center.Conclusion. А system for recording energy consumption data with visualization of the territorial location of consumers has been developed in order to control consumption and payments. Тhe developed system will solve the problem of delay in receiving readings from metering devices in the data collection system. Visualization of energy resource con- sumption data by objects and their territorial location with linked personal accounts, meters and consumption volumes will allow you to quickly control the volume of supplies and energy consumers. availability of payment, which will reduce unproductive losses and unauthorized connections.For the company JSC Аtomenergosbyt, operational visualization of consumer data makes it possible to analyze the coverage of consumers by territorial basis and plan new connections.

К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫХ АСПЕКТАХ РАЗВИТИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА

The article deals with the issues of spatial development and territorial location of organic producers. A picture of the distribution of organic production by districts and regions of Russia is presented, with the determination of the share of the total number throughout the country. The distribution of organic farms in the context of regions, taking into account specialization, is shown. The main problems hindering the formation of organic product distribution chains are identified, including issues of interaction between organic producers and large retail chains.

DEVELOPMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALISATION

The subject of the study is the conceptual, theoretical, empirical and methodological foundations of the socio-economic and legal nature of the development of administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation. Methodology. The study uses general and special methods of cognition. Using the dialectical method, the authors differentiates the essence of the development of administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation on the legal and economic levels according to the relevant criteria. The analysis created the conditions for a multifaceted study of the complex of problems and prospects for the development of Ukrainian administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation from the perspective of economic and legal etymology. The synthesis created the conditions for generalising the characteristic features of administrative justice, taking into account the current trends and international legal and regulatory developments in this area. The formal legal method allowed to correctly interpret the content of international and national legal acts that define the directions for improving administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems and directions of development of administrative justice in the context of economic globalization. The results of the study show that the problems of the current state of administrative justice in Ukraine are complex, and the ways to overcome them take into account various parameters that are directly or indirectly based on the principles of economic globalisation, which are primarily based on economic and legal principles. Among the areas for improvement of administrative procedures, those that primarily ensure effective protection of human rights and freedoms, in particular through the implementation of relevant international standards, occupy an important place. Conclusion. The study of the economic foundations for optimisation of administrative justice in Ukraine has made it possible to identify certain indicators which serve as socio-economic prerequisites for optimisation of administrative justice. The statistical data show that the areas of manifestation of the subject matter of administrative court proceedings are differentiated depending on the impact of economic globalisation on certain public law relations which give rise to the relevant public law disputes. The authors distinguishes between a group of public law disputes which are directly related to the phenomenon of economic globalisation, and public law disputes in which public interests of economic content are manifested. This contributes to the creation of certain, primarily legal, structures which would facilitate the optimisation of administrative proceedings in the context of economic globalisation, which has both an external, international and internal, national format. The above considerations of optimising administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation have made it possible to identify specific problems faced by Ukrainian justice, including administrative justice: 1) organisational; 2) legal support; 3) material, financial and social support of courts and judges; 4) functioning of the institution of judicial governance and self-government; 5) staffing; 6) ensuring access to justice. Among the areas of improvement of administrative justice, the following are considered in detail: implementation of the principles of the rule of law and procedural economy, introduction of digital technologies (elements of artificial intelligence), introduction of alternative forms of pre-trial and post-trial dispute resolution, optimisation of the zonal and territorial location of courts, implementation of international standards of administrative justice, and some others.

Prospects and challenges for the development of Arctic tourism in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The Arctic territories have unique natural and cultural features that attract tourists from all over the world. These features include unique landscapes, a wealth of flora and fauna, as well as the traditions and customs of the indigenous peoples of the North. The geographical location of the Arctic territories plays an important role in their attractiveness to tourists. They are located at high latitudes, with long nights and short days in winter, and longer days and shorter nights in summer. Arctic tourism is becoming an increasingly popular form of recreation around the world. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is located in the north of Eastern Siberia, has access to two seas – the East Siberian and the Laptev, about 40 % of the territory of the Republic is in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. This work contains a clarification of the definition of the concept of «Arctic tourism», identification of the most popular types of tourist services characteristic of the Arctic, as well as a comparative analysis of trends and prospects for the development of Arctic tourism in the territory of 13 regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) included in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The author draws conclusions regarding the prospects for the development of Arctic tourism on the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The Arctic is a unique region that attracts the attention of many tourists. However, due to its inaccessibility and the fragility of the ecosystem, it is necessary to carefully approach the development of routes and the regulation of tourism activities.

Features of the educational strategy of school graduates when entering regional universities in Russia

Introduction. With the change of generations, changes in the socio-economic conditions of life, global processes affecting local levels, the previously habitual mechanisms for the functioning of social institutions, in particular, education, also change. Restrictions on entry into the higher education system generate competition for state-funded places, and the USE mechanism is a key way to select the most talented and capable applicants. School graduates find other ways to universities because of the competitiveness and complexity of the Unified State Exam, along with the traditional trajectory of entering a university. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the educational strategies that Russian school graduates choose, the factors that determine this choice, and the problems that give rise to the variety of educational trajectories of graduates. Materials and methods. The study was conducted using an online survey among first-year students of two Volgograd universities – Volgograd State University and Volgograd State Technical University in October 2022 (N=527), the task of representation by gender and age was not set. Methods: analysis of sources, online survey, scaling, mathematical statistics (calculation of arithmetic mean), analysis of frequency distributions, analysis of contingency tables. Results. The quality of preparation for the USE is provided not only by general education schools, but also by various forms of additional education, tutors, courses, online schools. The overall level of USE results in the Volgograd region, based on average values, fluctuates in the range of 45-55 points out of 100, while the average scores for admission to the studied Volgograd universities, which were included in the study area of the authors, are 66.4 and 68.7 points, and in the capital - much higher. However, as the analysis of empirical data shows, the decision to enter a university is made on the basis of a wider range of factors, including the territorial location of the university, family traditions, and the socioeconomic status of the family. A rational approach to the implementation of the educational strategy gives rise to the so-called. "transit" trajectory of entering the university after college graduation. Admission to an institution of secondary vocational education can be an intermediate stage (for example, the share of college graduates in full-time departments of universities in Volgograd is 13%, in Russia – about 21%), or be the ultimate goal of the educational trajectory. Conclusion. Admission to a university after the 11th grade brings to the fore the quality of education in schools and preparation for the Unified State Exam, as a tool for the competitive selection of applicants applying for state-funded places at a university. Entering a university after graduating from college is not the most popular strategy, but it avoids the procedure for passing the exam, since admission is based on the results of the university's internal exams. Entering college after the 11th grade is a forced measure and reflects the problems of limited access to higher education on a budgetary basis, competition among applicants, poor preparation for the Unified State Examination, low level of family well-being, etc.

Gross regional product in Ukraine: two-dimensional analysis of regularities and territorial features

Purpose. Carrying out an analysis of panel data on individual indicators of the development of the regions of Ukraine in general and their aggregates, distinguished by territorial location and profitability in order to establish the main regularities and specific features of changes in their gross regional product. Methodology. On the basis of a sample of statistical indicators of the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine for the period from the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war (2014) to the full-scale invasion, the authors created panel series of data with the separation of regional groups according to territorial and income criteria. For each group panel series of data, random effects regression models were built in order to determine the presence of regularities and specific features of regional development in different groups. Findings. An analysis of scientific developments and practical results in the issue of determining the key factors of the formation of the gross regional product was carried out. Given the uncertainty in views on the key factors of regional development, an attempt was made to determine them using a two-dimensional analysis of panel data. For this purpose, a sample of statistical information on the main indicators of socio-economic development of each of the regions of Ukraine was formed and their grouping was carried out according to two criteria: territorial location and profitability according to the indicator of the gross regional product per capita. In general, five groups of oblasts were formed based on territorial characteristics and four groups of oblasts based on income characteristics, and a panel regression model was constructed for each of these groups, including the total set of regional panel data. The received specifications of the models made it possible to form a list of key regularities in the formation of the gross regional product in Ukraine, as well as to determine specific factors of influence on the resulting indicator for each of the groups of oblasts. Originality. On the basis of the given approach to the panel analysis of factors of regional development and, in particular, the formation of the gross regional product, based on a combination of statistical methods for grouping (clustering) regions according to various criteria and panel regression models, the hypothesis regarding the presence of common regularities of regional development in certain groups of oblasts of Ukraine was confirmed. The key factors and specific features of changes in the indicator of the gross regional product in Ukraine in general and in individual regional clusters are determined. Practical value. The possibility of practical use of the obtained results as key risk factors in the process of forming plans for the economic development of individual oblasts in the long term, as well as the application of the proposed approach to the study on key factors of the formation of other indicators of regional development.

КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ И ПОДхОДы К СОЗДАНИЮ СТАРТАП-СТУДИЙ В УНИВЕРСИТЕТАх

The article is devoted to issues related to the development of project activities in educational institutions. In modern conditions, the activities of educational institutions are increasingly connected with entrepreneurship and business communities. Issues regarding the creation and development of Start-up studios in educational institutions are becoming especially relevant. When creating startup studios, it is important to understand the specifics of different types of startup studios and the parameters of their activities in order to correlate them with the goals of the educational institution and the project being implemented. An educational institution can choose for itself the most optimal Startup Studio model, taking into account the size of the educational institution, its territorial location, its financial and personnel capabilities. This article presents the results of a study on the classification of Startup Studios and concludes that for educational institutions the most optimal are University Startup Studios, which in recent years have been quite actively created, operating and bringing real innovative projects to educational institutions.

К вопросу о финансировании мероприятий по лесоустройству

It was found that one of the results of the large-scale work carried out by public authorities in 2021 was the reform of the forest inventory system. The performance of forest inventory works remained among the expenditure obligations of the Russian Feder-ation, meanwhile, the changes affected the subjects of realization of this authority, respectively, the financing mechanism has undergone changes. The analysis is presented regarding the efficiency of the organization of forest inventory works in the period preceding the reform, aspects of financing of forest inventory activities in this period, as well as after the entry into force of changes in forest legislation in the field of forest inventory, introduced in 2021; in particular, cases of inaction of authorized pub-lic authorities were identified, as a result of which the work on forest inventory was not carried out properly. A conclusion was made as to the reasons for failure to conduct forest inventory on the lands of the forest fund, among which the key position is taken by insufficient financing. At the same time, cases of financing forest inventory activities from sources not envisaged by the legislation in force in the relevant period of time were revealed. The need for forest inventory is determined based on the need to obtain complete, comprehensive and up-to-date information on the state of forests (both quantitative and qualitative charac-teristics of forests, their territorial location) for rational management in this area. Taking into account the volume of forest inven-tory works to be carried out, as well as financial constraints, it is proposed to introduce a public-private partnership system, which will make it possible to ensure the achievement of objectives in the field of forest inventory, taking into account the limited budgetary funding.

РОЗВИТОК БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ В УКРАЇНІ

The existence of a problem of conducting business by domestic enterprises due to russia’s military invasion of Ukraine and their reluctance to carry out effective management in the first days of the war is defined in the article. The amount of material damage caused to the national economy, consumer inflation, the level of decline of the national economy, the devaluation of the national currency, which led to the increase in the cost of goods, works and services, are indicated. Characteristic features of the crisis of the enterprise during the war are singled out. Such negative factors of influence on business development as an increase in the level of risk, the complexity of strategic planning and decision-making, the loss of labor force, a decrease in demand, restrictions on access to markets, and an increase in the cost of raw materials, energy, and labor are described. The complexity of the economic situation of agricultural, energy, metallurgical and logistics enterprises, caused by the territorial location and other features characteristic of each type of business, is proved. Despite the complexity of the existing conditions, the development of Ukrainian business, the creation of jobs, the support of the state economy, and the provision of financial assistance to the military were noted. The areas of state support for business are summarized, in particular, new legislative acts and programs for business adaptation to modern realities are indicated, changes in labor and tax legislation regarding the simplification of certain aspects of business activity are described. The government programs and business support initiatives created with the help of the Diya service are characterized, in particular those that help to find employment for a person internally displaced as a result of hostilities during the martial law in Ukraine and to receive compensation from the state for this, to submit an application for receiving free assistance in relocating one’s business to safe regions of the state or participating in a grant competition “is a job” to create, develop or restore one’s own business, or those that contain the necessary information for choosing a financing program, for Ukrainian exporters, and also help businesses communicate effectively with the state, to develop business development strategy and tactics. The main recommendations for overcoming the crisis and business management by applying the anti-crisis management mechanism have been developed. The importance of further legislative changes regarding conducting business with the aim of stabilizing and developing the economy of Ukraine was noted.