Local Policy Research Articles

Implementation of time-limited parenteral hydromorphone in people with treatment-resistant injecting opioid use disorder: a protocol for a single-site, uncontrolled, open-label study to assess feasibility, safety and cost

IntroductionSupervised injectable opioid treatment (SIOT) is an evidence-based intervention targeting opioid-dependent people for whom existing treatments have been ineffective. This project will primarily assess the feasibility and the acceptability of...

Post-neoliberalism? The strange case of the new English Freeports

ABSTRACT Neoliberalism has lost its hegemonic status in the global system but neoliberal ideas and practices persist. Post-Brexit UK offers a useful case study of how these operate in a post-hegemonic context. The UK government's vision of free trading ‘Global Britain' crashed against the reality of an increasingly geoeconomic world. Freeports were an initiative designed to boost trade and to develop poorer regions. This paper adapts Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis to analyse how the different Freeport discourses interact with material power as the policy develops. It divides this into three levels: national political discourse, national policy discourse and local political and policy discourse (with a case study of one Freeport). At the national level, the Brexiteers forged a discourse that combined neoliberalism, Brexit discourse and ‘levelling up’. When translated to policy this was significantly moderated due to legal commitments and geoeconomic pressures. At the local level, the policy was significantly reframed with little emphasis on trade and more on traditional local development concerns. The contradictions of the initial political discourse opened a space for other actors to reshape the policy. More broadly, this story suggests that global geoeconomic pressures may restrict the role of free trade zones in the developed world.

Penerapan Good Governance pada Pemerintahan Daerah Ditinjau dari Perkembangan Ilmu Pemerintahan

The state government system is an important part of a country. In implementing regional independence, to be able to carry out its benefits well, regional authorities are required to create regulations for managing goog in each region. The rules of a good regime relate to how regional authorities, whether regency or city, act as policy executives, whether national or local policy. While the rules for good governance relate to how regional authorities implement regional level policies, this is also related to how regional authorities are able to carry out the policies that regional authorities want to implement.

Study of problems in utilizing the functions of Kasinan protected forest between local residents and "Sadar Alas" community groups

Understanding disputing styles is very important for solving a problem. The purpose of this research is to examine descriptively the problems in the Kasinan protected forest and to identify the conflicting styles of each party so that an appropriate resolution of the problems can be developed. This research was conducted in the protected forest of Kasinan, precisely in Pesanggrahan Village, Batu City. Data collection was carried out qualitatively, namely through interviews, observation, and documentation. The analysis used adapts the Disputing Style Analysis (AGATA). The results of the research show that the problems in the Kasinan protected forest stem from the use of the forest for tourism by relying on water sources from the Kasinan protected forest. The impact was a decrease in the discharge of water flowing into the rice fields and residents' homes, resulting in protests from residents. Actors involved in the problem include residents of Pesanggrahan village, HIPPA-HIPPAM, Pesanggrahan Village Government, Sadar Alas community, Perhutani KPH Malang, BKPH Pujon, and Walhi. Each party has various problems, including environmental beauty, reducing water discharge, and tourism interests. Communities are the most disadvantaged because they feel the impact directly. Each side has a different style of conflict. However, especially for residents of the Sadar Alas community, they have a competitive dispute style. So, in an accommodation style, the village government formed a team of Kasinan Forest Utilization Problem Resolution Facilities and held meetings including villagers, HIPPA-HIPPAM, Alas Awareness Community, Perhutani, and the Mayor of Batu City to negotiate and facilitate the proposal for zoning based on local policies so that the environment is beautiful. and the tour continues. So support from parties who have full authority, such as the Mayor of Batu City, is needed in order to realize a resolution to the conflict.

Promoção de territórios saudáveis: assessoria técnica à habitação social no Setor 1 da Colônia Juliano Moreira

ABSTRACT The article proposes to contribute to reflection on health promoting principles and strategies in vulnerable territories, aiming at the specific objective to evaluate the role that can be played by a local, permanent, and participatory policy and public service, developed through technical assistance with a focus on improving the housing space and the habitat that favors the most vulnerable population and promotes positive solutions in their quality of life. The work has its theoretical methodological foundation in the field of urban health, referenced from the critical perspective of the complexity of the health-disease phenomenon, more specifically when it relates the social and environmental vulnerability and the conditions of the built environment to collective health. The article uses as a reference the experience developed by FIOCRUZ Mata Atlântica, of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, and seeks to verify the identification of social determinants and processes of social determination of health as well as the appropriation of principles and strategies of action of this disciplinary field. The partial results of this ongoing experience have advances not only in the objective transformations of determining factors related to the built environment, but also in the social organization and intersectoral articulation in this context, as well as the construction of references for public policies.

Design of a Socially Inclusive Climate Risk Transfer Mechanism: A Case Study in La Guajira, Colombia

The primary aim of this study was to develop a model of a socially inclusive climate risk insurance (CRI) mechanism based on the differential risk transfer approach. This study focused on the department of La Guajira, Colombia, as a case study. La Guajira is the department in Colombia that, due to its critical disaster risk conditions, presents the adequate configuration for implementing a climate risk transfer mechanism. The article starts by analyzing risk conditions by using secondary data. Based on fieldwork, this research explored the perspectives of the most vulnerable sectors in La Guajira Department on the socioeconomic impacts and needs they experience regarding climate-related hazards, their adaptive measures for risk reduction, and their willingness to adopt CRI. This represents the fundamental input for the formulation of the CRI model. Consequently, this research proposed an operational structure as input for future implementations of the model. The results indicate that national and local disaster risk management public policies align with the sectors’ needs and priorities. Strengthening sectoral associations can enhance representation in CRI projects. In-kind indemnization is preferred for women entrepreneurs and the indigenous community. The CRI model includes a risk pool through the family compensation fund of La Guajira as a sectoral agglomerator, with contingent credit and traditional/parametric insurance. The methodology developed in this study can be applied in different contexts worldwide as a guidance for informing national and international climate risk finance initiatives.

Pursuing urban sustainability through policy experimentations? Insights from the pay-as-you-throw experiment in China

Drawing on political economy literature at the nexus of urban entrepreneurialism and policy experimentation, this paper explores how policy experiments are purposely used to stage the restructuring of urban sustainability and what entrepreneurial urban experiments function in actual. This article focuses on the case of a local experimental policy, “pay-as-you-throw,” to show how urban experiments employed by the entrepreneurial municipality are not always a silver bullet, and their effectiveness is conditional. We demonstrate that entrepreneurial local governments’ efforts to enhance urban sustainability were undermined by three combined factors in the government-led approach to urban experiments: the false delegation of experimental discretion, routinized implementation of experiments, and positive selection of pilot sites.

Factors influencing patient experience in hospital wards: a systematic review

BackgroundPatient experience plays an essential role in improving clinical effectiveness and patient safety. It’s important to identify factors influencing patient experience and to improve quality of healthcare.ObjectiveTo identify factors that influence patient experience in hospital wards.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review including six databases; they were PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, ProQuest, and Cochrane. Studies were included if they met the inclusion criteria. The JBI checklist was used to perform quality appraisal. We used 5 domains of the ecological model to organize and synthesize our findings to comprehensively understand the multi-level factors influencing the issue.ResultA total of 138 studies were included, and 164 factors were identified. These factors were integrated into 6 domains. All domains but one (survey-related factors) could be mapped onto the attributes of the ecological framework: intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and public policy level factors. All factors had mixed effect on patient experience. The intrapersonal level refers to individual characteristics of patients. The interpersonal level refers to interactions between patients and healthcare providers, such as the caring time spent by a nurse. The institutional level refers to organizational characteristics, rules and regulations for operations, such as hospital size and accreditation. The community level refers to relationships among organizations, institutions, and informational networks within defined boundaries, such as a hospital located in a larger population area. Public policy level refers to local, state, national, and global laws and policies, including health insurance policies. The sixth domain, survey-related factors, was added to the framework and included factors such as survey response rate and survey response time.ConclusionThe factors influencing patient experience are comprehensive, ranging from intrapersonal to public policy. Providers should adopt a holistic and integrated perspective to assess patient experience and develop context-specific interventions to improve the quality of care.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023401066

New York City Catholic Schools Operating in the Public Space in a Post-Makin World

ABSTRACT Given recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions, specifically Carson v. Makin, which permit public funding for religious schools, we examine how Catholic diocese and school leaders interpret these legal shifts for Catholic education. We utilize the Catholic education sector in New York City as a case study to examine how Catholic school leaders interpret local, state, and national policy shifts in funding for Catholic education. Specifically, we examine how Catholic school leaders currently navigate public–private partnerships and how they think Makin will affect future funding of Catholic education in New York City. We find that Catholic school leaders are already participating in limited public–private partnerships and are enthusiastic about potential policy windows for opportunities such as tax-credits and religious charter schools. However, Catholic school leaders in New York face challenges in terms of state politics, Catholic identity of schools, and other school-choice advocates including public charter schools.

How Should a Medical-Legal Partnership Address Unique Needs of People With Criminal Legal System Involvement?

Medical-legal partnerships (MLPs) are well suited to address health-harming legal needs associated with the collateral consequences of mass incarceration in the United States, such as those that limit access to food, housing, employment, and family reunification postrelease. MLP innovations seek to expand the current model to address patients' criminal, as well as postrelease, civil legal needs by including community health workers and some patients as legal partners and creating coalitions to promote local and state policy change. Overall, this article explains how these MLP innovations can support rights of people returning to communities after incarceration and can be leveraged to mitigate criminal legal system involvement.

Centralised Development and Inactive Business Sector: The Case of Nakhon Si Thammarat City Municipality

This article examines the relationship between the business sector and the policymaking of Nakhon Si Thammarat City Municipality in Southern Thailand. We find that business influence on local policy remains highly limited. We argue that this is primarily due to two factors: political and economic centralisation which limits the capacity of the municipal government, and the limited economic opportunities for medium and large businesses within the municipal borders. The result is that medium and large firms tend to focus their attention on and cultivate links with officials at the provincial and national level. At the same time, small businesses have expanded in the municipality. However, their inability to coordinate to make collective demands limits their influence on municipal policymaking. Instead, small entrepreneurs individually lobby the local government through the same channels as the general public, appealing for allocations from the government's limited community service budget.

Cultural Diversity under Sino-Myanmar Policies: Local Policies to Promote Cultural Expression and Diversity

This study investigates the complex Sino-Myanmar connection and how local policies might promote cultural diversity. The mixed-methods research combines qualitative community, cultural, and policymaker interviews with quantitative policy data analysis. The comprehensive approach provides a deep understanding of cultural diversity, local regulations, and Sino-Myanmar relations. Based on this research, municipal policies can empower communities to freely and inclusively display their cultures. By valuing cultural diversity, genuine cultural interaction and contact between diverse groups can improve Sino-Myanmar relations. This study investigates cultural diversity through local policies and lived experiences to shed light on Sino-Myanmar relations and suggest strategies to improve cooperation. The research’s practical implication affects policymakers, diplomats, and practitioners who manage international relations, especially between neighbors. Culture-oriented thinking considers cultural exchange programs diplomatic tools. Geographic closeness affects cultural contact; hence community is addressed. This highlights cultural exchange programs' diplomatic relevance. According to research, diplomatic endeavors should adapt to cultural changes during political and social change. Policymakers can stabilize domestic politics using cultural diplomacy.

Local Government Policy in Improving Access to Mental Health Services in Tangerang City (Case Study of Karawaci Baru Health Center)

Akses terhadap layanan kesehatan jiwa di puskesmas seringkali terbatas, sehingga peran pemerintah daerah sangatlah penting dalam mengembangkan strategi untuk meningkatkan akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan mental. Puskesmas Karawaci Baru merupakan salah satu puskesmas di Kota Tangerang yang menyediakan fasilitas pelayanan jiwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam meningkatkan akses pelayanan kesehatan mental di Puskesmas Karawaci Baru Kota Tangerang, dan mengidentifikasi faktor yang menghambat dalam meningkatkan akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan mental di Puskesmas Karawaci Baru Kota Tangerang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif melalui wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Puskesmas Karawaci Baru telah menerapkan berbagai strategi, termasuk sosialisasi, penyediaan akses pelayanan sarana prasarana, dan kebijakan pemerintah. Namun minimnya pengetahuan masyarakat tehadap masalah kesehatan mental menjadi salah satu kendala dalam meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan mental di puskesmas tersebut. Untuk itu permerintah diharapkan dapat melibatkan berbagai kalangan sehingga membantu masyarakat untuk menyadari dan menghargai pentingnya menjaga kesehatan fisik dan mental.

Understanding non-permanent mobility: Factors influencing resident movement in Racang Welak Village, Welak Subdistrict, West Manggarai Regency

Background: The factors of mobility in this study refer to the push and pull factors influencing the non-permanent mobility of the residents of Racang Welak Village, Welak Subdistrict, West Manggarai Regency. Most of the residents in Racang Welak Village are seasonal farmers. Non-permanent mobility is influenced by good accessibility and sufficient access to technology. The area of Racang Welak Village cannot fully meet the needs of the local community, leading them to seek employment outside their area despite the strategic potential of Racang Welak to boost their economy. Method: The objectives of this study are to identify the factors that cause the residents of Racang Welak Village, Welak Subdistrict, West Manggarai Regency, to engage in non-permanent mobility. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and documentation. The sample consists of residents of Racang Welak Village who participate in non-permanent mobility. Result: The results of this study show that the fertile soil conditions in Racang Welak Village allow for the cultivation of various types of crops, resulting in many residents working as seasonal farmers. Seasonal farmers whose needs are not met locally often seek information about job opportunities elsewhere. With information received from family members in the destination area, the residents of Racang Welak Village decide to work in other regions without the initial intention to settle there. Conclusion: The push factors for non-permanent mobility among Racang Welak residents include unmet needs in their home area. Despite having to bear transportation costs, they still choose to engage in non-permanent mobility. The pull factors include a pleasant environment, good social interactions, and job opportunities obtained through relatives in the destination area. Additionally, the work locations are strategic and offer jobs that match their professional skills, resulting in higher incomes. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research aims to identify the push and pull factors of non-permanent mobility and how the inability to meet local needs drives residents to seek employment outside the region. These findings apply to designing local economic development policies that can reduce dependence on non-permanent mobility by increasing job opportunities and accessibility in the region of origin.

Errors in estimating reproductive parameters with macroscopic methods: a case study on the protogynous blacktip grouper Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775).

A size-based, histological analysis of the reproductive life history of the blacktip grouper, Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775), was conducted in Indonesia to evaluate the error rate associated with macroscopic reproductive analysis. Histological results indicated that E. fasciatus was protogynous with female L50 at 13.4 cm total length (LT) and a size at sexual transition of 22.0 cm LT. The weight-length relationship for the species was W = 0.011 L3.13. Overall sex ratios were significantly female biased, operational sex ratios were significantly male biased, and sex ratios of mature individuals varied predictably with length from female to male dominance as size increased. No significant relationship between length and batch fecundity was found. The population has a spawning period from February to August. Overall, 54.4% of macroscopic evaluations were incorrect compared to histological results. Of the errors, 14.8% were a failure to detect ovotestes, 12.7% were classifying non-gonadal tissue as ovary or testis, 12.2% were misclassifying sex, and 12.7% were misclassifying maturity status. However, the largest source of error (47.7%) was from misclassifying both sex and maturity status. Of these, 92.9% were macroscopically classified as immature females, but were histologically confirmed to be mature males. Compared to histological results, the only accurate macroscopic results were the absence of a sex-based difference in weight-length relationship and spawning seasonality estimated by a gonadosomatic index (February-June). The use of macroscopic methods to estimate reproductive life-history parameters for sex-changing reefes fish may introduce significant inaccuracies and misinterpretations. Of the parameters estimated by histological methods, size at maturity, size-specific sex ratios, and spawning seasonality have the greatest potential to inform local fishery management policy.

Intelligent Farming Systems in Future Using Machine Learning: A Focus on India

Abstract: The integration of machine learning (ML) into Indian agriculture holds transformative potential for addressing critical challenges such as climate variability, water scarcity, soil degradation, and market fluctuations. This paper explores the current state of ML applications in Indian agriculture, highlighting successful case studies and initiatives led by government, private sector, and academic institutions. It discusses the technological integration of ML with the Internet of Things (IoT), remote sensing, and blockchain to enhance precision farming practices. Key barriers to widespread adoption, including data quality, infrastructure, and farmer awareness, are identified, along with strategies to overcome them. Future directions emphasize the importance of robust data infrastructure, localized ML models, collaborative research, sustainable practices, and supportive policy frameworks. By leveraging ML, Indian agriculture can achieve significant improvements in productivity, sustainability, and profitability.

Ecotourism in Banyuwangi during the Corona Outbreak: Case Study in Pulau Merah, Banyuwangi Regency

This study aims to describe the condition of ecotourism in Pulau Merah, Banyuwangi Regency during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, it attempts to analyze local government policies in the tourism sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method is descriptive qualitative with data collection, namely in-depth interviews and documentation. The results of this study show that during the pandemic period, Pulau Merah was closed for some time and experienced a fall in visitors. This can also be seen from some of the tour guides that had no customers. The local government issued a new normal policy to survive in the pandemic while still implementing the health protocol. Keywords: ecotourism, new normal policy, tourism policy

The Contribution of Sustainable Tourism to Economic Development: A Bibliometric Approach

This study employs bibliometric analysis to investigate the expansive field of sustainable tourism, focusing on the thematic evolution, research trends, emerging opportunities, and author collaboration networks from 1990 to 2024. Through a comprehensive review of the literature using VOSviewer, we identified key thematic clusters such as economic impacts, governance structures, social dimensions, and innovative practices in sustainable tourism. The temporal analysis revealed a shift in focus towards innovation and stakeholder perceptions, underscoring the dynamic nature of this research area. Emerging opportunities in the field include integrating advanced technologies and exploring the impact of local policies on sustainable tourism practices. Furthermore, the analysis of author collaboration networks highlighted the importance of scholarly partnerships in advancing the discourse, with prominent researchers playing pivotal roles in bridging various aspects of the field. This study not only maps the existing landscape but also highlights potential pathways for future research, aiming to enhance the efficacy and scope of sustainable tourism.

Green Space Policy in Sustainable Development Perspective in Bandar Lampung City

Objective: This research aims to examine the Green Space policy in Bandar Lampung City from a sustainable development perspective. This study focuses on the direction of national policy which is changing from a sustainable development orientation towards investment and how city government policies support sustainable development. Theoretical Framework: This research is based on the theory of Public Policy, Sustainable Development, and the Concept of Green Space. These theories and concepts provide a basis for understanding the research context, including public policy models and sustainable development principles. Method : This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The data used in normative juridical research is secondary data, including primary legal materials from statutory regulations and secondary legal materials such as books and scientific journals related to the object of study. The data analysis was carried out descriptively and qualitatively. Results and Discussion: The research results show that Green Space policy at the national level has shifted from a focus on sustainable development towards investment, which can reduce the effectiveness of fulfilling open spaces. In Bandar Lampung, existing local policies have not been able to support sustainable development efforts. This can be seen from the failure to fulfill the minimum threshold for the percentage of Green Space and policy inconsistencies that can be seen from changes in regional regulations to respond to investment but not in accordance with sustainable development goals. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this study show that there is a need for policy reformulation that is more balanced between investment and sustainability. This research provides insight for policy makers to consider the long-term impact of Green Space policies on the environment and community welfare. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature with an innovative approach to evaluating Green Space policies from a sustainable development perspective. Its potential impact on improving environmental policy in Indonesia shows its value and relevance.

The soft channels of policy diffusion: Insights from local climate change adaptation policy

AbstractDiffusion has become both an important concept for studying policy spread and a popular governance approach, particularly where direct coercion is unavailable or undesirable. However, the prevailing mechanism‐centered concept is difficult to measure and poorly captures the governance potential of policy diffusion. To address these issues, this article presents a new channel‐centered framework that distinguishes between six soft policy diffusion channels: autonomous, collaborative, exemplary, persuasive, organized, and funded diffusion. The framework is probed by studying local climate change adaptation policy using original survey data collected from the administrations of 190 municipalities located in the central German state of Hessen. The regression results indicate that the local institutionalization of adaptation in Hessen is associated with several interventions by higher levels of government, including the provision of a policy model, a municipal climate network, and grant programs. However, the density of concrete adaptation measures is associated with noninstitutionalized exchanges between municipalities. External grants are also found to be more effective in institutionalizing adaptation in larger municipalities. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the framework for distinguishing and comparing different diffusion channels and suggest that different types of interventions may be required to effectively support adaptation policy development at the local level.