Local Management Units Research Articles

Predisposición al cambio organizacional en los servidores públicos administrativos de las unidades de gestión educativa local, Apurímac, Perú

The general objective of the research was: Interpret the differences in the predisposition to organizational change of the administrative public servants of the Local Educational Management Units, Apurimac region, Peru. The elements that make up the differences are: The forces in favor of change and the forces of resistance to change. The research is located in the mixed approach. It is a basic research; whose design was comparative and the sample was intentional. The statistical test used was the “t” of independent samples. The results show us that there are no significant differences between the Local Educational Management Units, hereinafter LEMU; regarding the predisposition to organizational change on the part of public administrative servants, all of them present the same strengthened routine behavior that results in a conformity of actions, an aversion to risk sustained in fear of technological adaptation and competition. In addition to the flexible structure, it allows for robust informal communication and organization that does not help drive organizational change. Keywords: predisposition; change; organizational; public server.

Predisposición al cambio organizacional en los servidores públicos administrativos de las unidades de gestión educativa local, Apurímac, Perú

The general objective of the research was: Interpret the differences in the predisposition to organizational change of the administrative public servants of the Local Educational Management Units, Apurimac region, Peru. The elements that make up the differences are: The forces in favor of change and the forces of resistance to change. The research is located in the mixed approach. It is a basic research; whose design was comparative and the sample was intentional. The statistical test used was the “t” of independent samples. The results show us that there are no significant differences between the Local Educational Management Units, hereinafter LEMU; regarding the predisposition to organizational change on the part of public administrative servants, all of them present the same strengthened routine behavior that results in a conformity of actions, an aversion to risk sustained in fear of technological adaptation and competition. In addition to the flexible structure, it allows for robust informal communication and organization that does not help drive organizational change. Keywords: predisposition; change; organizational; public server.

The Physical Space and the Development of Creativity in Peruvian Early Childhood Education: A Case Study in Arequipa

Creativity is a significant flaw that is observed in the Peruvian educational system, and that has its origins in initial education. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of the use of physical space in the development of creativity among pupils of 5-years-old classes of the initial level in Arequipa. In particular, the study was carried out in eight public schools of the Local Educational Management Units of South Arequipa and Caylloma, with 151 students. Two instruments were used, one to evaluate the physical space and an adaptation of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. It was found that there is a relationship between the use of physical space and the development of creativity in children of the 5-years-old at the public educational institutions of the Caylloma and South Arequipa. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.2.12

Clima organizacional y desempeño docente en instituciones educativas de la Unidad Gestión Educativa Local, Huánuco - 2017

Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño del docente en las instituciones educativas de nivel secundario de la Unidad Gestión Educativa Local de Huánuco, en el año 2017. Métodos. El estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo, aplicada, de tipo descriptivo correlacional con 86 docentes seleccionados por muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, quienes respondieron una entrevista y dos escalas: una del clima organizacional y otra de desempeño docente, previamente validados y fiabilizados. Se aplicaron las consideraciones éticas de la investigación. En el análisis inferencial se utilizó la prueba Rho de Spearman para un p ≤ 0,05. Resultados. Se estableció relación moderada, directa, positiva y significativa entre las dimensiones del clima organizacional: el ambiente docente, manejo de conflictos, liderazgo, relaciones sociales y equilibrio emocional con el desempeño docente (rs = 0,45, rs = 0,45, rs = 0,44, rs = 0,42 y rs = 0,42 respectivamente) (p < 0,05). Fue la correlación baja positiva, directa y significativa entre las siguientes dimensiones: nivel de comunicación y estilo gerencial con el desempeño docente (rs = 0,35 y rs = 0, 33 con p ≤ 0,05), por lo que se rechazaron las hipótesis nulas. Conclusiones. Existe relación directa, positiva y significativa de nivel moderado entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño docente en las Instituciones Educativas de la UGEL Huánuco durante el 2017 (rs = 0,44 y p < 0,05). Entonces se asume que mientras el clima organizacional se torna favorable, también; se incrementa el buen desempeño de los docentes.

Population structure and movement patterns of blackbelly rosefish in the NE Atlantic Ocean (Azores archipelago)

AbstractBlackbelly rosefish Helicolenus dactylopterus (Delaroche, 1809) is one of the most important species of the demersal/deep‐water assemblages fished in the NE Atlantic Ocean (Azores archipelago). However, there is insufficient information about the stock structure of this species to support analytical resource assessments and it is currently managed with a precautionary approach. Here, we examine the depth and temporal distribution, size composition, sex, and movement patterns of blackbelly rosefish in order to test the hypothesis that the stock structure in the Azores region comprises different local management units (MUs). We also evaluate annual abundance indices and size composition from scientific surveys and commercial landings over the past c. 25 years for an assessment of the species' vulnerability to bottom longline fishing pressure. The greatest abundance occurred in seamount areas at 350–800 m depth. Larger individuals were mainly found in deeper waters, and no sexual segregation by depth was observed. Tagging results indicated a strongly sedentary behavior and an intraregional separation among populations. Although the abundance pattern and size composition were very similar over time, this species is particularly vulnerable to overfishing due to its biological characteristics (long life, large size, late maturity, slow growth, and low mortality rate). Proper monitoring and management of its exploitation should be a priority. Exploratory analysis for analytical assessment should be performed under the assumption of local MUs. Further oceanographic research is needed to understand larval transport and mixing of populations.

Predisposición al cambio organizacional en los servidores públicos administrativos de las unidades de gestión educativa local, Apurímac, Perú

The general objective of the research was: Interpret the differences in the predisposition to organizational change of the administrative public servants of the Local Educational Management Units, Apurimac region, Peru. The elements that make up the differences are: The forces in favor of change and the forces of resistance to change. The research is located in the mixed approach. It is a basic research; whose design was comparative and the sample was intentional. The statistical test used was the “t” of independent samples. The results show us that there are no significant differences between the Local Educational Management Units, hereinafter LEMU; regarding the predisposition to organizational change on the part of public administrative servants, all of them present the same strengthened routine behavior that results in a conformity of actions, an aversion to risk sustained in fear of technological adaptation and competition. In addition to the flexible structure, it allows for robust informal communication and organization that does not help drive organizational change. Keywords: predisposition; change; organizational; public server.

Gestión administrativa y de calidad en los centros escolares de los Chorrillos

El trabajo referido a la gestión administrativa y de calidad en los centros escolares ubicados en Chorrillos, correspondientes a la jurisdicción de la Unidad de gestión Educativa Local (UGEL) 07, pretende indagar sobre la influencia de la gestión administrativa sobre los procesos de calidad. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un paradigma cuantitativo, tipo de investigación básica sustantiva, con un diseño que implica un diseño transversal de nivel explicativo, el cual consiste en aplicar un instrumento, a dos escalas de opinión, a ochenta (80) docentes. De los resultados obtenidos se obtiene que la mayoría de las profesoras de educación inicial han desarrollado competencias administrativas lo que corresponde a cerca de un 70% de la muestra y el 85% de las profesoras indican que la gestión es de buena calidad, por lo tanto, de la investigación se concluye que en las actividades desarrolladas se observa buena gestión y de calidad dentro de los centros escolares seleccionados.

Performance analysis of micro-grid designs with local PMSG wind turbines

Micro-grids are small-scaled power grids, with local clean energy generation and intelligent management units. Micro-grids equipped with PV panels, wind turbines and batteries are known as hybrid power systems. Since these systems are a promising solution to build the future smart city, different designs were proposed and implemented. The present study compares two micro-grid-connected PMSG designs, with PV panels and batteries, based on system performance and power quality. In the first design, the wind turbine is connected to the common DC bus through a rectifier, while in the second configuration, it is connected to the 3-phase AC circuit via a transformer. The comparison is carried-out under different weather and system conditions. According to simulation results, the first design is less affected by voltage harmonics and has a better power quality, while the second design is robust to inverter or transformer failures and supports more loads.

Can we consider the stocks of alfonsinos Beryx splendens and Beryx decadactylus from the Azores a discrete fishery management unit?

This paper summarises the detailed information on catch, fork length, weight, sex and maturity of alfonsinos Beryx splendens and Beryx decadactylus collected from targeted surveys in Azores waters, complemented by fishery data, over the past c. 20 years. To date, it was not possible to define if the Azorean component of the population can be considered as a discrete local management unit. The reason for this is the lack of available information for these resources covering the entire spatial distribution of the species in the North Atlantic Ocean. Additionally, there are some conflicts between the different genetic results available, poor understanding about the species movements and data from the Azores show some discrepancies in aspects of reproduction. Consequently, there is no analytical assessment for this resource and the stock of Beryx spp. is currently managed based on the precautionary approach. Outputs of recent analyses are presented in this study and possible assumptions and strategies for the assessment are discussed.

Evaluation of the Knowledge and Attitudes of Dental Students toward Occupational Blood Exposure Accidents at the End of the Dental Training Program.

Aims and Objectives:This study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding occupational blood exposure accidents (OBEA) among dental students at the end of the whole dental education program.Materials and Methods:The survey was performed using a student self-administered questionnaire during July 2015 in the dental teaching hospital in Rabat. It was conducted on 117 dental students registered in the 5th year. The results were analyzed by SPSS Software, Version 13.0. Univariate analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, and bivariate analysis was used to identify correlations between different variables.Results:Eighty-three students answered the questionnaire (participation rate: 70%). Most participants had incomplete knowledge about the management and the risks of OBEA. Thirty-five participants (42%) experienced at least one occupational exposure to patients' blood. Needle recapping has been the main cause of such injuries (41%). Most accidents occurred, respectively, in the oral surgery (51%) and the restorative dentistry (17%) departments. According to many participants, they had received insufficient education concerning this topic.Conclusions:More effective education on prevention and management of OBEA is highly recommended to reduce the prevalence of such injuries. Dental schools should set up a local management unit for following and supporting the exposed students.

Spatial mismatch between management units and movement ecology of a partially migratory ungulate

Abstract Population‐level management is difficult to achieve if wildlife routinely crosses administrative boundaries, as is particularly frequent for migratory populations. However, the degree of mismatch between management units and scales at which ecological processes operate has rarely been quantified. Such insight is vital for delimiting functional population units of partially migratory species common in northern forest ecosystems. We combined an extensive dataset of 412 GPS‐marked red deer (Cervus elaphus) across Norway with information on the size and borders of two administrative levels, the governmental level (municipality) and landowner level (local management units, LMUs), to determine the timing and scale of mismatch between animal space use and management units. We analysed how landscape characteristics affected the use of management units and the timing and likelihood of crossing borders between them, in an effort to delineate more appropriate units in various landscapes. Median municipality size could potentially cover 70% of female and 62% of male annual ranges, while only 12% and 4% of LMUs were expansive enough to accommodate migratory routes in females and males, respectively. Red deer migrate along elevational gradients and are more likely to find both suitable lowland winter habitat and higher summer habitat within management units with variable topography. Consistent with this, the likelihood of border crossing decreased with increasing diversity of elevations. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate a considerable mismatch between animal space use and management units. Far‐ranging movements and frequent administrative border crossings during autumn migration coincides with the period of active management (hunting season). Our study also highlights that, due to extensive movements of males, coordination of management aims may provide a more realistic avenue than increasing sizes of local management units. A more general insight is that the degree of mismatch between range use and management units depends on the season and landscape type. This needs to be accounted for when delimitating functional population units of migratory populations.

Halting the isolation of jaguars: where to act locally to sustain connectivity in their southernmost population

AbstractHabitat loss and fragmentation are among the major threats to the conservation of biodiversity. Improvement of landscape connectivity becomes one of the main strategies for alleviating these threats and is an increasingly used target in management policies worldwide. However, implementation of connectivity principles in local management actions often implies great difficulties derived from the different criteria used by connectivity analysts and policy makers. We generated a management tool to incorporate connectivity criteria for large carnivores in landscape conservation planning at a local scale. Focusing on the southernmost population of jaguars Panthera onca, we use a graph‐based connectivity approach to (1) analyze habitat connectivity and availability in five areas previously identified as main corridors; (2) detect priority forest patches for maintaining connectivity, and (3) propose specific management strategies for each area matching the relative importance and role of the forest patches in it. For this purpose, we defined the patches as the local land management units (properties) and used information on land cover and jaguar movement for determining the probabilities of connectivity metric. We identified the key patches that represent 90% of the total contribution to connectivity in the study areas; these patches were less than half of the total number of patches in each corridor. Based on this forest patch prioritization, we identified the most critical areas and specific patches where urgent conservation measures need to be implemented. The percentage of patches and the total area they covered varied among the five analyzed corridors showing contrasting situations for connectivity management and highlighting the importance of the proposed approach to understand the impact of patch‐level actions in a broader connectivity context. This approach might serve as a model to account for habitat connectivity for large carnivores in the design of landscape management and land‐use plans at a local scale.

A generalizable energetics‐based model of avian migration to facilitate continental‐scale waterbird conservation

Conserving migratory birds is made especially difficult because of movement among spatially disparate locations across the annual cycle. In light of challenges presented by the scale and ecology of migratory birds, successful conservation requires integrating objectives, management, and monitoring across scales, from local management units to ecoregional and flyway administrative boundaries. We present an integrated approach using a spatially explicit energetic-based mechanistic bird migration model useful to conservation decision-making across disparate scales and locations. This model moves a Mallard-like bird (Anas platyrhynchos), through spring and fall migration as a function of caloric gains and losses across a continental-scale energy landscape. We predicted with this model that fall migration, where birds moved from breeding to wintering habitat, took a mean of 27.5 d of flight with a mean seasonal survivorship of 90.5% (95% Cl = 89.2%, 91.9%), whereas spring migration took a mean of 23.5 d of flight with mean seasonal survivorship of 93.6% (95% CI = 92.5%, 94.7%). Sensitivity analyses suggested that survival during migration was sensitive to flight speed, flight cost, the amount of energy the animal could carry, and the spatial pattern of energy availability, but generally insensitive to total energy availability per se. Nevertheless, continental patterns in the bird-use days occurred principally in relation to wetland cover and agricultural habitat in the fall. Bird-use days were highest in both spring and fall in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley and along the coast and near-shore environments of South Carolina. Spatial sensitivity analyses suggested that locations nearer to migratory endpoints were less important to survivorship; for instance, removing energy from a 1036 km2 stopover site at a time from the Atlantic Flyway suggested coastal areas between New Jersey and North Carolina, including the Chesapeake Bay and the North Carolina piedmont, are essential locations for efficient migration and increasing survivorship during spring migration but not locations in Ontario and Massachusetts. This sort of spatially explicit information may allow decision-makers to prioritize their conservation actions toward locations most influential to migratory success. Thus, this mechanistic model of avian migration provides a decision-analytic medium integrating the potential consequences of local actions to flyway-scale phenomena.

The measurement of sport sevice quality for unicipalities as local goverment units (Konya case)

The aim of this study was to determine sport activity services municipalities carry out as local management units, consider viewpoints of people benefiting from these services and evaluate them as well. The participants of the study consist of 300 persons in total, including 90 persons from the center of fine arts included in the Meram District Municipality of Konya, 94 persons utilizing the Ertugrul Gazi Recreational Facility in the Meram District Municipality of Konya and 115 persons from the center of vocational course in the Karatay District Municipality of Konya. In our study, the Service Quality Assessment Scale developed by Lam, Turkish reliability and acceptability done by Gurbuz, was performed. The One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test examined whether the data showed normal distribution, and it was made clear that the data displayed normal distribution. Since the data appeared to be normally-distributed, the Independent-Sample T test and the ANOVA test were also used for determining differences between the independent variables. As a result of our study; it was observed that there was no difference when the satisfaction levels of members were considered in the travel time, the marital status and the education level within the sub-dimensions of staff, program, facility and changing rooms in consequence of comparing the service quality expected and perceived from the members participating in the research. But the satisfaction level decreased when the membership duration, the usage frequency and the income level increased. Also, it was determined that the satisfaction levels of participants who had individual membership type and were over the age of 18, were higher than ones having family membership type and aged under 18. As a result of our study; it was observed that the expected and perceived service quality satisfaction approaches of participant members, effected from membership type, membership period, frequence of facility usage and ages of members.

Timing of the hunting season as a tool to redistribute harvest of migratory deer across the landscape

Harvesting by humans is the primary mechanism in regulation of many ungulate populations. Many harvested ungulate populations are migratory and fall migration often overlaps with hunting season. A main challenge in such systems is that ungulates often inflict damage on farmland and forest in the summer ranges, but that they migrate from these areas before they can be harvested, resulting in uneven distribution of damage and revenue from hunting across landowners. While an increase in annual quotas on summer ranges cannot compensate for this problem, advancement in hunting season potentially could. In Norway, hunting season of red deer Cervus elaphus was advanced from the 10th to 1st of September with the aim of increasing the harvest in inland summer ranges. We found that the peak in harvest occurred during the first 10 days of hunting both before and after advancement of hunting season, implying that hunters responded to the advanced season. The harvest increased in inland local management units by 17 %, closely matching the effect size expected from known migration patterns. Along the coast, harvest decreased by 8 % in the winter ranges along the coast, reinforcing the redistribution of harvest offtake along the migration gradient. Although hunting season of large ungulates is constrained by the female breeding cycle, especially the time period of dependent offspring, we suggest that adjustment of hunting season is an underused tool in redistribution of harvest of migratory deer populations.

Advanced control system of DFIG based wind generators for reactive power production and integration in a wind farm dispatching

In this paper, power dispatching of a wind farm is described while focusing on the local power management and controller units of a wind generator. The wind farm dispatching system sends out the appropriate power references to each individual wind generator in order to control the power production of the entire wind farm. A local power management algorithm is proposed for the reactive power production in each wind generator. In fact, this algorithm ensures the management of power references between the Grid Side Converter (GSC) and the DFIG stator circuit by taking into account three modes of the wind farm operating. This algorithm takes also into account the maximum reactive power capability of the DFIG as well as the GSC. The DFIG control system provides the desired power, which is asked by the wind farm dispatching. The proposed reactive power management algorithm and the real and reactive power control for each individual wind generator have been implemented on a dSPACE DS 1104 board. The performance of the reactive power distribution algorithm and the entire DFIG controller are verified through experimental results.

Changing habitat use associated with distributional shifts of wintering raptors

There is widespread evidence that multiple drivers of global change, such as habitat degradation, invasive species, and climate change, are influencing wildlife. Understanding how these drivers interact with and affect species may be difficult because outcomes depend on the magnitude and duration of environmental change and the life history of the organism. In addition, various environmental drivers may be evaluated and managed at different spatial scales. We used a historical dataset from 1991 to 1994 and current information from 2010 to 2012 to examine whether occupancy patterns of wintering raptors were consistent with regional changes in distribution or habitat conditions within a local management unit, the Morley Nelson Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (NCA). We predicted that if local populations reflected regional shifts, then rates of raptor occupancy within the NCA would be higher compared to historical estimates and birds would use different habitats compared to historical use. Alternatively, if local populations were determined by habitat conditions, then we predicted that occupancy rate of raptors within the NCA would be lower compared to historical estimates and current habitat use would be consistent with historical use. Results support the hypothesis that northward distributional shifts influenced wintering raptor populations in southwest Idaho to a greater extent than local habitat conditions. Wintering raptors had higher occupancy rates in 2010–2012 compared to 1991–1994, whereas invasive grasses have increased and native shrubs have decreased suggesting that habitat suitability for raptors has declined over time. On the species level, changes in habitat use were associated with greater increases in occupancy rates in 2010–2012 compared to 1991–1994. Organisms flexible in their habitat use may be better able to respond to continental forces driving distribution shifts. Conversely, habitat or prey specialists may be poorly equipped to handle such rapid, large-scale global change. Further, Grinnellian niche models predicting species response to change by mapping current habitat use to forecasted vegetation maps should consider plasticity in habitat use and changes in the cost-benefits of life-history strategies. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.

From refugia to rookeries: Phylogeography of Atlantic green turtles

Investigating species' distribution and abundance over time is central to evolutionary biology, and provides important context for conservation and management. With respect to population genetic structure in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas), certain processes such as female philopatry to natal rookeries are well understood, while others, such as male philopatry and historical changes in distribution and abundance, remain relatively understudied. Further, although inferences from mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellites have both been critical in identifying management units, comparisons of these units based on both markers are still rare. Here we analyzed novel data from fifteen microsatellite markers gathered at six green turtle rookeries in the western Atlantic as well as previously published mitochondrial sequences from 13 regional rookeries. We detected low, but significant, population structure at microsatellite loci, which coincides with previous delineations of local and regional management units as well as reports of male philopatry. However, we also detected a discord between nuclear and mitochondrial data, in which two tropical rookeries (Aves Island, Venezuela; and Matapica, Surinam) clustered with the Caribbean and Mediterranean based on microsatellite data, but displayed a mitochondrial lineage characteristic of the southern Atlantic and Africa. To investigate the possible causes of this discord, we used both classical and Bayesian methods to estimate historical migration rates and the timing and magnitude of changes in population size. We detected a strong barrier to dispersal between the northern and southern Atlantic, as well as an expansion in the southern mitochondrial lineage during the Wisconsin glacial period and a later expansion in the northern lineage following the Last Glacial Maximum. We propose that the Aves and Surinam rookeries were colonized by females from a southern glacial refugium, after which they experienced male-biased gene flow from the Caribbean. This study highlights the utility of incorporating data from multiple types of molecular markers in accurately identifying conservation units and in elucidating the complex historical and contemporary processes underlying population genetic structure in marine species.

YEREL KATILIMIN BELEDİYELERDE HİZMET PAZARLAMASINA ETKİSİ: KIRIKKALE İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

In this study, it is aimed to reveal the effect of local participation in municipalities, which is the most effective local management units in which local people can make decision in order to meet local and joint works, and to reveal the service marketing functions in which participation is most important. Whether perception of satisfaction from service marketing functions of municipalities differs according to the level of citizen’s participation, is another result that is tried to be reach with this research. By face to face survey which is conducted for this purpose, the degree of application of the local participation is designated in municipal service groups. And satisfaction levels of citizens about municipal service marketing sub-variables is tried to be designated by putting forth the importance local participation in terms of marketing decisions. According to results of the research, 6 sub-factor groups is formed toward the effectiveness of the local participation on service marketing. These factor groups are priceproduct, physical environment, processes, strategic thinking, promotion, external employees and in-house employees respectively. At the study, while men give more importance to concrete marketing variables like priceproduct and physical environment variables, women give more importance to abstract variables. Again, based on research results, necessity of being attentive arisen in determining services toward participants who have lower education level while municipalities take marketing decisions based on education level of target audience.

Local Energy Management Unit for Residential Applications

Along the coming years, an important increase of the energy consumption in the world is expected, what will lead the energy sector to deal with several challenges such us availability of delivering the demanded energy, increase of the emissions and greenhouse effect. Energy Management Systems are being integrated with domestic and residential applications, which optimize the home energy consumption. The Local Energy Management Unit is presented in this paper that allows an optimized power demand to the Grid. It utilizes different types of communication (by using TCP and X10 protocols) with the aim of obtaining an efficient energy management and allowing a lower power consumption, which lets the user to decrease the cost of the electric invoice. A prototype has been built that shows energy management results. The power demanded from the Grid is kept constant regardless of the house power consumption.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.19.7.5164