Local Lore Research Articles

Одежда марийцев в фондах Новосибирского государственного краеведческого музея

The collection of the Mari clothing complex in the funds of the Novosibirsk Museum of Local Lore is considered. The process of acquisition is analyzed, as well as the subject characteristics. The ethnographic affiliation of the Mari costumes, their features, and preservation are determined.

The Early Estampages of the Tonyukuk Inscription Identified in the Collection of Central Asia and Siberia of the IOM, RAS

The Tonyukuk inscription, also known as the Bain Tsokto monument, was discovered by Elizaveta Klementz not far from the city of Urga (modern Ulaanbaatar) in 1897. The text was published two years later by a prominent Russian researcher Wilhelm Radloff. At the same time 17 photographs of estampages were included in the 4th volume of the “Atlas der Alterthümer der Mongolei”. While these photo copies are still frequently mentioned in the multiple publications concerning the Tonyukuk inscription, only a few specialists are aware that the originals are kept in the Collection of Central Asia and Siberia of the IOM, RAS. Moreover 81 estampages were identified as copies of the Tonyukuk inscription during the full-scale inventory of the Collection that took place in 2021. Thanks to recent publications by V. Tishin, it became obvious that eight similar copies of the monument are preserved in the collection of the Academician Obruchev Museum of Local Lore (Kyakhta). This discovery allowed to specify the authorship and dating of the St. Petersburg copies. The Chinese seal preserved on one of the Khyakhta’s estampages suggests that they were produced for the last Qing Amban of Outer Mongolia Sanduo between 1910 and 1911. Although the monument has been well studied, some of the preserved at the IOM copies seem to be of great value and could be used by turcologists for controversial text fragments clarification. The paper presents acquisition history and brief description (catalogue) of the preserved copies of text.

Traditional clothing of Altai Russians as a source for the study of folk art (based on the materials of the ethnographic collection Altai State Museum of Local Lore)

Traditional clothing of Altai Russians as a source for the study of folk art (based on the materials of the ethnographic collection Altai State Museum of Local Lore)

Tourist Local Studies: Essence, Methods, Significance

The purpose of the article is to reveal the scientific essence of tourist local studies and their role in the formation of the ‘image of the territory’, the development of the tourist product. The research methodology is formed on the basis of collecting and summarizing information about the theoretical and methodological foundations of local studies in its various aspects and is a synthesis of modern domestic and foreign approaches to interpreting the essence of local studies and their role in tourism. The scientific novelty lies in the author’s interpretation of the essence of tourist local studies and methods’ generalization of local lore research, and practical significance – in a new look at local lore information as a basis for local tourism product, which is relevant given the regionalization of tourism. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of scientific approaches to history, geography, demography, economics, urban planning and other sciences, within which the local lore direction of research was formed, it is proposed to consider tourist local studies as an applied research area.

Етимологія та мотиваційні особливості оповідальної топонімічної прози населених пунктів Рихта та Слобідка Рихтівська (Рихтецька) Кам’янець-Подільського району Хмельницької області

In modern Ukrainian folklore studies, studying of printed, manuscript and oral sources, which cover the motive issues of the emergence and existence of toponymic prose, its development at diff erent stages of evolution of Ukrainian society, has be-come of particular importance. The author of the article makes an emphasis on the problem of local and area-based study of oral speech of Kamianets-Podilskyi region.Studying of toponymic prose (legends, retellings) of Podillia became possible due to the results of long-term, though not always systematic, accumulation of empirical material. Thus, the collection and publication of toponymic prose has come a long and diffi cult way – from fragmentary fi xations to purposeful scientifi c records and publications. Today, Ukrainian folklore studies has a huge scientifi cal-ly grounded, orderly, reliable fund of folk tales, studying of which requires closer consideration in terms of education, motivation, storytelling and etc. Therefore, one of the most urgent tasks of Ukrainian folklore studies today is purposeful and comprehensive, «total» collection of relevant works from all over Ukraine and their fi xation and description in folklore and local lore explorations and works.

Mortuus Bellator: burial of Late Roman Period from Western Podillya

The article introduces the objects of late Roman burial near the village of Malashivtsi on the Seret, which are in the storage of the History and Local Lore Museum. The set of materials consists of weapons and equipment of the horseman. Due to traces of ritual damage, the burial belongs to the Przeworsk culture. All things have traces of burning. The set of materials includes weapons – a long double-edged sword, which can be attributed to the cavalry swords such as «spatha» with an iron suspension and a spearhead with a wide blade. Perhaps part of the fastening of the sword was an iron two-membered buckle, analogies of which are known from the European Barbaricum. The elements of the protective equipment of the warrior include a conical umbo, as well as the handle of the shield. Interestingly, on the surface of the umbo there is a lenticular hole from the impact of a sharp object, possibly a spear. The fact that he was buried by a horseman is indicated by the findings of two spurs with massive spikes. Iron tweezers are an object of personal use, in the area of settlement of the tribes of the Przeworsk culture on the territory of Ukraine it is quite a rare find. Based on the typology and classification of objects, the burial complex can be dated to the end of phase C1a–C2 – the middle – the second half of the III century. A. C. At this chronological stage, the population of the Przeworsk culture, under pressure from the Goths, moved to the southeast, resulting in several separate military burials known in the Dnister region. In the ethnocultural context, they are evidence of certain cataclysms that occurred in a certain period of time. The problem of single burials in the area of the Przeworsk culture remains poorly understood. This encourages the localization of such sites and their proper study. Key words: Przeworsk culture, military burial, late Roman period, Western Podillya.

Социально-культурные аспекты приобщения детей к нематериальному культурному наследию в деятельности подростковых клубов

The paper reveals socio-cultural aspects of introducing children to non-material cultural heritage within teen clubs activities. Relying on developmental psychology conceptions proposed by D. B. Elkonin and D. I. Feldstein, the author identifies the specificity of teen clubs activities. The article analyzes the activities of local lore clubs, museums, educational and recreational institutions to introduce children to non-material cultural heritage, determines organizational and pedagogical conditions for improving teen clubs activities. Scientific originality of the research involves identifying contradictions arising due to incapability of the existing teen clubs to satisfy target audience aspirations to study non-material cultural heritage. The research findings are as follows: the author reveals shortcomings in teen clubs activities for introducing teenagers to non-material cultural heritage, justifies the necessity to develop integrated programs of teen clubs activities.

The Attraction of Literary Local Lore Material and Information from the Native Literature of Students in the Study of A.M. Gorky

The problem of perceiving fiction has aesthetic, sociological, historical and psychological aspects. In this regard, in the methodology of teaching Russian literature to the national audience, special attention is paid to the deep, faithful and subtle reproduction of the literary works of writers, the development of the reader’s talent. Fiction as a form of art is a special area of the aesthetic. In a truly fictional work, all its elements are subordinate to the expression of a certain content, expressive, figurative, therefore, the reader’s understanding of a literary work is not only aesthetic, but also evaluative in nature. There are three stages of students’ perception of the writer’s creation: 1) recreation and experience of images of the work, with the leading process of imagination; 2) understanding of the ideological content; V.G. Belinsky called this stage “true pleasure”; 3) the influence of fiction on the personality of the reader as a result of the perception of the work. Fiction affects the worldview, speech, moral behavior in society, aesthetic and artistic development, in general, the formation of a person’s personality. The teacher tries to ensure that students have the necessary knowledge, developed, recreational imagination, emotional sensitivity, a sense of the poetic word, observation, the ability to make comparisons, comparisons, generalizations, conclusions. Their perception of a work of art is a difficult process that directly depends on previous knowledge of literature, facts of the history of culture, history of society. The complexity of the spiritual world of a modern young person is due to the development of personality in the context of the rapid progress of society. All this poses a difficult task for methodological science - to diversify the means of analysis, its types and techniques, effective ways of influencing art on students. In the national audience, the main problem of studying Russian literature - the teacher needs to reveal Russian-national literary ties with specific examples, based on certain historical conditions, national specifics, use translations of the works of the Russian writer into the native language of students, literary local history material, highlight the attitude of cultural figures of the native people to the work of the Russian writer, to his personality.

MUSEUM ETHNOGRAPHY IN THE CONTEXT OF ETHNOGRAPHIC FINNO-UGRIC STUDIES IN THE USSR (1920s-1930s)

This paper offers a discussion of the role of ethnographic Finno-Ugric studies in Soviet nation building. In particular, it is concerned with the issue of representation of ethnicity/ethnic identity in various fields of museum studies: expeditions, local history, educational work, and exhibition activities. Special attention is paid to the field studies of Moscow and Leningrad ethnographers who participated in the formation of collections of regional museums of local lore and the construction of “authentic” visual images of Finno-Ugric peoples in the Soviet ethnographic portrait of the “family of peoples of the USSR”. One of the key questions is how the ethnographic reality and the transformative perspective of Soviet nation building correlated in the expedition practice. The role of the institute of museums in national movements is emphasized in recent studies of the history of Russian ethnography and the implementation of various ethnographic projects. In the authors’ opinion, ethnographers who conducted expert and scientific research, acted as intermediaries in the dialogue/conflict between local communities and authorities in building a regional national discourse.

Local Historical E-resources in the Educational Process

Digitization and mediatization of information raise the issue of user access to electronic information resources. Given the need to form and strengthen the regional and national identity, study and promote historical and local lore information and providing access to it, the integration of such information into educational practices to master it by young people has become more important. The article is devoted to the coverage and substantiation of effective approaches to using local lore electronic resources in the educational process. During the research, the descriptive method, methods of comparison and generalization concerning the experience of use in the field of education of local lore electronic resources of libraries were used. The methods of included observation and periodic monitoring, applied during the development and maintenance of the functioning with the participation of the author of the local history resource "Kraeved" (kraeved.od.ua) (starting from 15.03.2020), proved to be effective. An analytical and survey method was used to analyse the available theoretical work on the research topic. The novelty of the obtained results lies in the coverage and substantiation of the specifics of the use of electronic local history information resources in the educational process in different countries, in particular during the study of students of historical specialties, and some countries – students majoring in cultural studies and art history. The most comprehensive electronic local history information resources are used in the United States, where their historical and local history content attracts not only teachers and students but also a wider range of users: genealogists, writers, engineers, urban planners, architects, realtors and documentary filmmakers. The obtained results of the research testified to the tendency to use library local lore electronic information resources in the educational process. Their creation, interest of users in the information presented on them and its use during training testify to the importance of local lore content designed to promote the formation of the historical and cultural identity of the region in the context of national history and the formation of national historical memory in combination with historical thought. The generalization of foreign experience and perspective domestic practices of using local library electronic resources in the educational process allows substantiating effective approaches to the organization of such activities, intensification of involvement of domestic library local lore electronic information resources in solving information problems related to educational activities. The intensive development of digital library projects in the educational environment will open additional ways to implement the tasks of libraries to ensure wide access of users to local history information sources and the maximum disclosure of their information potential.

Memories of Lev Bykovski about the Warsaw uprising: biographical and local lore dimension

The article analyzes the memoirs of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944, written by one of the most prominent Ukrainian bibliologists, librarians and bibliographers – Lev Ustymovych Bykowski (1895–1992), who also joined the librarianship of Czechoslovakia and Poland and served as director of the Warsaw Public Library in the most dramatic moments in the history of the Polish capital – the anti-Nazi uprising. Among the figures mentioned in the memoir are: Janina Peszynska (1887-1949) – head of the Arts department of the Public Library and an active participant in the Warsaw Uprising; Regina Tchaikovsky – daughter of famous writer Alexander Sventokhovsky; Professor Jerzy Kowalski (1893-1948) – classical philologist, writer, professor of Lviv and Wroclaw universities; writer Maria Dombrovska (1889-1960); Mayor of Warsaw Julian Kulski; Prince Victor Viktorovich Kochubey (1893-1953); former minister of UPR Stanislav Stempovsky – former minister of UPR and others. In the context of local lore, the events around the Warsaw Public Library and the situation on Marshalkowska, Koszykova, Poznanska, Emilia Plater, Goza, etc. are most noted. There is also a lot of evidence in the memoir of Warsaw’s cultural institutions and their condition after the uprising.

Theoretical foundations of the formation of tourist and local lore competencies of students of the Geography educational program

Professional competencies directly depend on the quality of professional activity of the future specialist and the achievement of the necessary results. Therefore, theoretical works devoted to the study of the problems of the formation of professional competencies are of great importance. In this regard, the article discussed the basics of professional competence in higher educational institutions and the formation of tourist and local lore competencies of students of educational programs of geography, the theoretical foundations of the formation of tourist and local lore competencies on the basis of competencies proposed by domestic and foreign scientists. Also, the possibility of forming tourist and local lore competencies of modern geography educational programs registered in the Register of educational programs was evaluated, and competencies that provide independent knowledge and personal position that contribute to the optimal solution of problems encountered in tourist and local lore were presented.

Exhibition and fair art of Nizhyn in the context of ethnographic local lore of the Left Bank of Ukraine

The article examines the history and present of the exhibition and fair art of Nizhyn. The relevance of research of the fair movement as the need to restore historically old and new fair projects in the context of cultural and artistic creativity of the inhabitants of large cities, small towns and villages of the regions of Ukraine is argued. The emphasis is placed on exhibition and fair activities for domestic organizations and companies as one of the forms of presentation of their own creations for buyers and making interest of investors. It has been approved that holding exhibition and fair events is one of the effective types of advertising of own products in the world, an objective factor in the development of trade and economic relations, creative exchange, enrichment of cultural and artistic experience of communities in the economy, intercultural communications. In the context of ethnographic local lore of the Left Bank of Ukraine, the chronological, socio-cultural relationship of the traditions with the present in the Pokrovsky Fair of Nizhyn is characterized with its geographical convenience in the development of trade and economic relations of Chernihiv region. The nation-building and cultural-educative functions of the Cossack hundreds of the Nizhyn Regiment – participants of the Pokrovsky Fair were singled out: the time of the holiday of the Protection of the Holy Virgin, patroness of Ukrainian Cossacks, the numerous locations of the exhibition-fair products of the industrialists of Nizhyn, guests from different corners of Ukraine, festive and solemn events, competitions.The activity of the Kopytsia Charitable Foundation has been analyzed in the context of the research and support of young talents, participants of the Nizhyn Pokrovsky Fair. The concerts of amateur performances with the participation of children, youth, adult musical-instrumental, vocal, choral folklore groups, collectives, soloists of the city are presented in today’s fair events.

Materials on the History of the UNESCO World Heritage Site – the Church of St. Spirit in Potelych

Abstract. The aim of the article is to analyze and systematize the materials on the history of the outstanding monument of Ukrainian sacred architecture and painting - the Church of St. Spirit in Potelych, as well as the introduction of a new source into scientific circulation, which helps to explore in more detail the history of the temple. The research methodology is based on the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematics, analytical and synthetic critique of sources. The method of historical reconstruction contributed to the formation of disparate facts into a holistic view of the history of the church of St. Spirit. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the attempt to systematize the materials on the history of the church of St. Spirit in Potelych. A new historical source of the XVIII century is introduced into scientific circulation, which complements the source base of the study of the monument, as well as the history of the settlement in which it is located. The proposed document can be used to study the history of the church, art, local lore, demographic studies, as well as other topics on the history of society in the early modern period. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis of the published, as well as the introduction of a new source into scientific circulation, it was possible to recreate the chronology of the existence of the Church of St. Spirit in Potelych from the 60s of the XVI century to modern time. It is established that the church was built on the site of the church of St. Borys and Hlib between 1559 and 1564. In the first half of the XVII century the church was decorated with a unique mural, which, in particular, may be associated with confessional processes. During this century, the church changed its confessional affiliation several times, until the second half of the XVII century. Finally it entered the structure of the Kyiv Union Metropolitanate. Over the following decades, the number of its parishioners increased and its interior was enriched, as evidenced by the act of visiting the church. During the Soviet era, the church was closed, at the same time declared a monument of national importance and thoroughly restored in 1970–1972. Since 2008, the church has fully restored its sacred functions, and in 2013 was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Лечебники XVII–XVIII вв. из сибирских архивов: структурно-грамматический аспект

The article presents a comparative study of two medical books from the Siberian archives dating back to the 17 th –18 th centuries: Tobolsk Lechebnik (TL) kept in Tobolsk Book Depository, and Altai Lechebnik (AL) stored in Altai Museum of Local Lore – both stemming from the text of the medical book called "Prokhladnyi Vertograd (The Cool Garden)" from the collection of the Rumyantsev Museum (PV). Our findings show that Siberian medical books demonstrate different degrees of structural and grammatical transformation of the source PV text, conventionally considered by the authors of the research to be a list, which is chronologically closer to the original text. It was established that TL can be regarded as a list derived from the PV, and AL – a source reflecting a further stage in the process of text generation in the institutional medical discourse. We claim that the intentional and grammatical perspective of the medical text formation is associated with the modal variability of verbal lexemes: the prevailing in PV and TL personal verb forms reflect the presence of the subject of speech as an agent in special communication; in AL these are replaced by infinitives which transform the real modality of the message about an action "from experience" (in PV and TL) into a syntactic categorical imperative.It was also determined that the subject of the action expressed by personal verb forms is typically generalized (in this case, special actions of the doctor and the patient can be detected through the difference in the verbal lexemes). The subject is not grammatically defined with the infinitive verb forms.

Formation of linguistic and local lore competence of philologists in a military institution of higher education

The article considers the peculiarities of the formation of linguistic and local lore competence of philologists in a military institution of higher education; analysis of domestic and foreign sources revealed the need for the formation of linguistic competence of future officers-philologists, which will help them in further professional communication activities to take into account both language and features of the country, history, culture of the nation or ethnic group; the interdisciplinary principles of linguistic competence are outlined, the most expedient forms and methodscontributing to the formation of linguistic competence of philologists in a military institution of higher education are outlined.

"Communist of Ukraine" magazine in the last year Khrushchev's "thaw"

The presented article raises the issue of the board of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union M. Khrushchev (1953—1964). The author's research is devoted to the last year of Khrushchev's stay. The era of Khrushchev's rule, which was easily called the "thaw" by the writer Ilya Ehrenburg, was marked by a large number of social changes. 1964 was no exception, which was the last in the political biography of M. Khrushchev. The source base for this study was the periodical of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, the magazine "Communist of Ukraine", which is stored in the State Archives of the Book Chamber of Ukraine in the form of annual sets of notebooks. Based on the conceptual foundations of domestic historical science and applying the method of content analysis, the author studied the 1964 journals and commented on priority topics for that time, namely: the problem of the international communist movement in the context of aggravation of Soviet-Chinese relations; the question of the formation of the United Nations and the participation in this process of representatives of the Ukrainian SSR; the main aspects of the then industrial development of the USSR, in particular, the intensification of chemical, coal, iron ore, machine-building industries; development of innovative scientific directions and technologies — bionics, cybernetics, etc.; radical changes in the organization of agricultural production. Based on the elaborated general, the author analyzed the state and acceptance of the most resonant themes of humanitarian content, because 1964 was a jubilee year. It was then that the republic celebrated the 150th anniversary of the birth of T. Shevchenko, the 25th anniversary of the reunification of Western Ukrainian lands with Soviet Ukraine, the 20th anniversary of the liberation of the Ukrainian SSR from the Nazi occupiers. A sign of the times was more than a modest celebration of the 70th anniversary of the birth of M. Khrushchev, after all, announced at the twentieth Congress of the CPSU course to eradicate the cult of personality remained a "sacred cow" of the Khrushchev "thaw". This year, through the efforts of P. Tronko, spread in Ukraine the idea of a non-academic order of compiling a large encyclopedic work on historical local lore, initiating the writing of a 26-volume "History of Cities and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR."

Химический состав металла средневековых зеркал из раскопок памятников золотоордынского времени

Introduction. The paper discussed the results of the study concerning the chemical composition of 16 mirrors from the Golden Horde period originating from the settlements Selitrennoe, Vodyanskoe, Uvekskoe Khmelevskoe I, Shirokiy Buerak and stored in the State Historical Museum (Moscow) and Saratov Regional Museum of Local Lore (Saratov). Method. The visual inspection of the items was carried out using the traceology method, XRF and SEM/EDS were used as a method of determining the elemental composition. To compare the results, data on the chemical composition of mirrors originating from other medieval sites in Eastern Europe were used. Analysis and Results. All but one mirror, made with a stone casting mold, were cast using the impression method. Some of the mirrors show traces of post-casting processing. Several types of alloys have been identified. Most of the mirrors were made of tin-lead bronze (7 items) with an increased (more than 20 %) tin content, which correlates with the results obtained on samples from other settlements of the pre-Horde and Horde times. Other large groups are mirrors made from multicomponent (3 items) and tin bronze (4 items). One mirror each is made of tin brass and lead bronze with the addition of arsenic. Mirrors with arsenic in their composition are also known from other samples from a nomadic cemetery of the Golden Horde period and settlement monuments, which indicates a sufficiently active existence of a more archaic metal in the 14th century.

STRATEGIES TO INCREASE THE TOURIST ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE DECEMBRISTS PARK IN KAMIANKA

The paper presents historical facts about the town of Kamianka in Cherkasy region, famous historical figures that lived in this area and their guests ‒ world famous and respected. The analysis of natural resources and objects in the territory of the Decembrists Park is given, their tourist attractiveness for the organization and carrying out of excursions for tourists and wide sections of the population of Ukraine and visitors from other countries of the world is proved.
 The purpose of the study is to analyze tourist resources and determine a strategy to increase the tourist attractiveness of the Decembrists Park in Kamianka.
 Analytical, statistical methods, comparison methods, etc. were used during the research.
 The article proves that the tourist potential of the Decembrists Park in Kamianka in Cherkasy region meets the requirements for its tourist importance at the global level and motivates to create appropriate programs for its preservation and improvement of tourist potential at the level of local government agencies, the state as a whole, and internationally.
 The article summarizes the arguments on the issue of defining appropriate indicators for the development of a strategy to increase the level of tourist attractiveness of the Decembrist Park in Kamianka.
 According to the results of the research, it was concluded that garden and park landscapes are not only the decoration of the respective territories, but have natural, social, historical and cultural significance for the development of communities; contribute to the promotion of tourist and sightseeing facilities; motivate to preserve the natural, historical and cultural heritage of the region.
 The results of the study can be useful for workers in the field of tourism and services; scientists, teachers, students of higher educational institutions who master the specialty "Tourism", as well as for employees of museums, historical and local lore reserves, cultural and architectural institutions; local governments and state institutions of culture, art, etc.

Stages of research of ecological-coenotic vegetation groups of Podillya

In this proposed review article analyzes the literary and archive data that devoted to the study of floristic diversity within the territory of Podillya. Research in this region is historicall divided into four stages. From research directions of ecological and coenotic groups of different types of vegetation were allocated ecological, geobotanical, floristic, systematic, phytososological directions. It was determined, that the results of researches of such leading ecological and coenotic groups as forest, meadow, meadow-steppe, steppe, meadow-swamp and water-swamp vegetation were of great scientific importance and reflection of the specifics of species distribution within the region. We have determined, that descriptions of typical flora species appeared in the XIX century within the general characteristics of the region. It was established, that the first knowledge about the floristic diversity of the region was obtained with the activities of educational institutions, academies of sciences and the local lore scientific-research communities, one of their activities was thorough expeditionary research. During this period, were published the results of research of such authors as V. Besser, A. Andrzhievsky, V. Montresor, O. Rogovich, I. Schmalhausen. These works were of a general nature, but on the basis of the acquired knowledge and collected herbarium material, were formed consolidated lists of plant species, which gave a general idea of the specifics of the distribution of species in the region. Further research concerned the study of the genesis of flora, the definition of plant groups, species differentiation, habitats of individual and rare species, which became a prerequisite for floristic and geobotanical zoning. In this area, most famous studies were studies of J. Pachosky, M. Kotov, W. Szafer, Ye. Bradis, A. Barbarych, G. Kukovitsaetс. As a result of long-term expeditions and vegetation research, many well-known nature protection objects have been founded: Medobory Reserve, the national nature parks «Podilski Tovtry», «Karmeliukove Podillia», «Kremenets Mountains», «Dniester Canyon», «Lower Polissia», «Upper Pobuzhia», regional landscape parks «Maliovanka», «Zagrebellia», «Middle Pobuzhia», «Dniester», «Murafa», «Nemyrivske Po­buzhia» etc. At present, ansozological area of research is important and priority way in context of conservation and protection of phytodiversity, the creation of new and expansion of existing protected areas, the formation of the Emerald Network, the implementation of the regional ecological network of the Podillya region.