Local Government Intervention Research Articles

Sustainable automotive supply chain in the presence of disruption and government intervention

This paper aims to develop and simulate a green automotive supply chain model (ASC) consisting of one supplier, one manufacturer, and two types of products (green and non-green) under disruption risks (DRs). The greening effort (i.e., electric vehicle production) is considered for both the supplier and the manufacturer. In our modeling, we include the local government intervention (GI) and their incentivization of manufacturers to produce greener products. Moreover, the effectiveness of centralized versus decentralized supply chain integration strategies in coping with disruption consequences was explored. A mathematical pricing model based on game theory is designed to maximize the total profit for both integrated and decentralized systems. The model examines the effects of the greening effort on the supply chain (SC) members with eight disruption scenarios, including Extra Production and Surplus Inventory. Simulating numerical examples reveals that the Extra Production type of disruption increase the profitability in different scenarios. Conversely, the Surplus Inventory disruption reduces profitability. Moreover, a channel coordination through cost sharing contract in the presence of disruption sharing was developed. GI and the cost-sharing contract increase the SC profit. The managerial implications of our findings are also discussed in this paper.

Pemerintah Daerah dalam Dinamika Perekonomian Masyarakat: Perspektif Hukum dan Sosiologi

This research highlights the long-term impact of economic events such as the 1990 crisis and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, emphasising the important role of government and community participation in managing an economy that still lacks synergy. This research aims to provide a better understanding of the role of local government in the economic dynamics of the community as well as the importance of community participation in economic development. The research method used is a document study with a qualitative approach. Data was obtained from various sources, including relevant laws and regulations, journals and reports. The qualitative approach allows an in-depth understanding of individual views on the issue under study. Local governments have great authority in managing economic resources in their regions, including budget management and development infrastructure, in accordance with Law No. 9/2015 on the Second Amendment to Law No. 23/2014 on Regional Government. However, local government intervention in the economy can also create new dynamics in the social structure and affect the distribution of wealth. Prudent economic policies from the government play a crucial role in economic development, through the creation of policies that support investment, incentives for the development of small and medium enterprises, and the provision of infrastructure that supports economic growth in the region. The importance of community participation and the implementation of policies that support regional autonomy are key to building an inclusive and sustainable economy.

Water Demand and Availability in the Tarutung District, North Tapanuli Regency, Indonesia

This comprehensive study addresses the intricate dynamics of population growth, water demand, and availability in the Tarutung District. Employing a geometric approach, we projected the population growth from 2018 to 2032, estimating a 0.74% annual increase. Subsequently, a meticulous water demand analysis encompassed domestic sectors, including household connections and public hydrants, and non-domestic sectors such as educational, religious, market, health, and commercial facilities. The calculated total water demand, encompassing both domestic and non-domestic needs, reached 6,034,026.38 liters per hour and 123,552,000 liters per hour, respectively. In parallel, we investigated the water availability through an examination of spring sources and rainfall data, revealing a substantial surplus. As of now, Tarutung District boasts a surplus water availability of 183,326,289.18 cubic meters per year. In conclusion, the findings indicate that, under current conditions, the Tarutung District is well-equipped to manage its water resources until 2032. However, the study underscores the importance of implementing sustainable environmental policies to safeguard water sources and optimize resource management. The proposed recommendations advocate for local government interventions, community awareness initiatives, water use efficiency enhancements, infrastructure improvements, and stringent forest area management. This research contributes valuable insights to water resource management, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to sustain the water abundance in the Tarutung District. The conclusions drawn and recommendations presented serve as a foundation for informed decision-making, aligning with the broader goals of environmental sustainability and community resilience.

Government land control approach, industrial agglomeration, and urban air quality: Analysis based on spatial spillovers and threshold effects

Local government intervention in industrial land concessions has contributed significantly to the country's miraculous growth during the past four decades, but there are concerns about its environmental impact. Assessing the model's impact on the Air Quality Index (AQI) is critical for China as it focuses, now, on sustainable development. We examine the spatiotemporal effects and pathways of land use regulation by local governments in China on air quality index. The data used are real-time air quality data and land transaction micro data of 282 cities from 2015 to 2020. The results demonstrate that local government use controls have a favorable impact on the AQI in the city and its surrounding areas. Land intervention attracted capital from low-tech and high-polluting industries to their more aggressive locations, triggering “bottom-up competition” in the industrial structure through the industrial aggregation effect. The study also found structural breakpoints in the model's industrial agglomeration effect. There are two structural breakpoints in the national region; the model's impact on AQI increases significantly after exceeding each structural breakpoint. At the sub-regional level, there are two structural breakpoints in the industrial agglomeration effect of the eastern and western cities; both weaken after exceeding the second structural breakpoint. There is one structural breakpoint in the central cities; after exceeding it, the model's impact on AQI increases.

Economic Pillar Conditions Mapping in the Tomini Bay Area using SDGs Indicators

Comprehensive baseline data on economic conditions are required to support efforts to develop the Tomini Bay region's economy as a priority for rural areas. In order to find solutions for growing the rural economy in the Tomini Bay region, academics must do practical research and development without data mapping. The goal of this study is to map and forecast how well the SDGs targets—particularly the economic pillars of goal 17—will be met in the Tomini Bay region. Secondary data from the BPS is used in this study's quantitative descriptive methodology. The projection methods of logarithmic, exponential, and linear were used to assess the data. Additionally, the expected outcomes of the TPB/SDG indicators are contrasted with worldwide targets and targets based on Presidential Regulation No. 11 of 2022 as an indicator to determine the achievement of the TPB/SDGs aims. The study's findings indicate that the Tomini Bay region's projected and average SDGs indicators are still far from the desired level. It is advised that regions whose anticipated accomplishments fall short of the desired level be supported through local government intervention programs, such as enlarging the local tax base and intensifying and extending regional taxes and levies.

Refining large-scale spatial metrics of food access

Large scale metrics of food access are frequently used to identify spatial inequities and for targeting local government intervention. The Food Access Research Atlas by the USDA and the Modified Retail Food Environment Index by the CDC are two such measures frequently used at the census-tract level. This paper uses spatial analyses to identify ways in which they can be refined for better actionability. Outcomes from this paper are threefold: (i) Upon examination of the average food environment, it finds that we might be undercounting rural census tracts with low food access relative to urban tracts; (ii) Disaggregating the often-conflated goals of physical access for food equity and nutritional access for public health might help targeting interventions; (iii) Data on food environments, and underlying assumptions on food consumption behavior should be investigated with greater caution.

The spatiotemporal effect of factor price distortion on capacity utilization in China’s iron and steel industry

Under the situation of global climate change and green transition, China’s iron & steel industry (ISI) faced great pressure to energy conservation and cut backward overcapacity. To explore the characteristics of overcapacity and inherent impacting factor of capacity utilization, the study focused on the relationship of incomplete input factor market and overcapacity. Based on provincial data from 2003 to 2019, the study estimated capacity utilization rate in China’s ISI sector, and further evaluated the impact of factor price distortion on capacity utilization rate and its spatiotemporal effect through dynamic spatial model. Firstly, the capacity utilization rate China’s ISI sector showed regional heterogeneity with an average level of 68%, and the capacity utilization rate would be promoted by previous capacity utilization rate and capacity utilization rate of neighbor provinces; Secondly, capital and energy price distortion showed significant negative effect on capacity utilization, while labor price distortion positively promoted capacity utilization; Thirdly, from the perspective of spatial effect, capital price distortion showed significantly negative effect on capacity utilization. Therefore, deepening factor market reform and reducing the intervention of local government would be effective way to improve capacity utilization and promote cleaning production.

Tata Kelola Laut dan Pesisir Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Desa Lewomuda Kabupaten Flores Timur

Increased exploration of coastal and marine areas can damage the environment and threaten ecosystem sustainability. Renewal of governance based on local values is needed. The article seeks to introduce local values in the Letu Ai and Lara Lowa rituals while offering a local value-based governance model. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Ritual analysis unravels local values: ecosystem harmonization; religiosity, social integration and the existence of customary institutions. Governance reform is directed at improving conservation points and systems; increasing ethical awareness in the form of environmental respect attitudes and behaviors; local government intervention to protect the existence of customary institutions, involving the active role of young people in maintaining ancestral heritage.

Impact of density on the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Chinese cities

Evaluating the effects of population density on the COVID-19 pandemic is of great importance for pandemic prevention and implementation of the Healthy China Strategy. Previous studies paid little attention to Chinese cities and have not filtered out the effects of local government intervention. Using a sample of 273 cities in China at the prefecture level and above, this study analyzed the effects of population density on the COVID-19 confirmation and recovery rates and empirically examined the reasons for the effects. We found that the higher the population density, the higher the COVID-19 confirmation and recovery rates in cities. This is because high population density shortens the social distance. Additionally, densely populated cities are mostly transportation hubs where people disperse, resulting in a high confirmation rate. However, high population density can improve the recovery rate of COVID-19 by improving healthcare infrastructure and increasing the health awareness and behavior of individuals in cities. No evidence was found for population density affecting mortality rate. For Chinese cities, optimizing urban population density according to the local conditions is beneficial for achieving the Healthy China Strategy and the well-being of residents.

Local government intervention in tourism-driven rural gentrification: Types and interpretative framework

Exploring the role that the local government plays in tourism-driven rural gentrification has the potential to make a contribution to rethinking the influence of power mobility on local development. Using 115 in-depth interviews and non-participant observation, this study examines the local government's changes in interventions in Pingnan county, Fujian province in China. It was found that the Pingnan County Government adopted deregulated, performative, and contractual interventions as strategies in three different spatio-temporal scenarios of tourism-driven rural gentrification; the underlying logic of tourism-driven rural gentrification is the vertical and horizontal mobility of power, which is directed by the internal mechanism of “political utility-power flexibility-risk control.” This study is expected to extend the applicability of rural gentrification theory to government-dominated contexts and provide practical insights for policymakers to intervene in an adaptive and periodic manner in local socio-economic affairs, including rural tourism development.

The impact of digital economy on renewable energy development in China

Digital economy has been the essential driving force for green development and energy transition, while the role of digital economy in the development of renewable energy remains limited. This paper explores how digital economy development alters renewable energy in China. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces and the fixed effects model, this paper finds a positive association between digital economy and renewable energy development. The digital economy exhibits a stronger positive impact on hydro energy compared to wind energy and solar energy. Local government intervention can enhance the positive association between digital economy and hydro energy development, while reducing the positive effect of digital economy on wind energy and solar energy development. We also find that digital economy produces larger promoting effects on renewable energy development in the central and western provinces compared with the eastern provinces.

Can Environmental Centralization Enhance Emission Reductions?—Evidence from China’s Vertical Management Reform

In the industrialization process, the difficulty in implementing environmental protection and enhancing the effect of environmental emission reduction are common problems to the developing countries, which are directly related to the quality of social development. This paper takes environmental centralization as the solution idea, takes the vertical management reform of environmental protection agencies implemented in China as the research object, and evaluates the environmental emission reduction effect and mechanism of action of centralized reform based on provincial environmental economic panel data using difference-in-differences model and intermediary model. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The environmental centralization has significantly improved the provincial environmental emission reduction effect. After China’s vertical management reforms were implemented, per capita CO2 emissions decreased by 11.1%, and industrial source SO2 emissions fell by 35.7%. (2) By increasing investment in urban environmental infrastructure construction, the reform has raised the level of investment and regulation in environmental protection construction, which in turn has effectively improved the ability to reduce environmental emissions. (3) After the implementation of the reform, the emission reduction effects of the reform on per capita CO2 and industrial source SO2 are 10.1% and 14.2% higher in provinces with lower industrial output value compared to those with higher industrial output value. At the same time, the effect of reform in provinces with a strong degree of local government intervention was significantly lower than that in provinces with a weak degree of local government intervention. The emission reduction effects of the reform implementation are 10.2% (per capita CO2) and 30.5% (industrial source SO2) lower, respectively. Based on the above findings, this paper argues that environmental centralization is an effective measure to advance the improvement of environmental quality and efficiency. In addition, China’s reform experience has implications for other developing countries.

The Small Tourism Enterprise Operators’ Networking in Dealing with the Changing Business Environment

The entrepreneur’s ability to networking is particularly critical when dealing with business turbulence, such as that affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the STE operators manage their networks during the changing business environment affected by earthquake and COVID-19 pandemic in Lombok. Data was collected from twenty-one tourism entrepreneurs through semi-structured observations and interviews, and analyzed using content analysis. The study identifies three categories: parties involved in the network (tourism managers, tourism authorities, transport operators, destination communities, and tourists), linking methods (management network approach) and collaboration objectives (management network objectives). After the earthquake (when business turbulence was still not so intense), STE managers used direct physical contact, social media, and online partners to expand their networks, developing more cooperation (rather than collaboration) to create social exchange benefits. During the COVID-19 pandemic (when business turbulence was more intense), STE managers increased their use of social media to deepen their networks and focused on developing collaborations with a limited number of partners to reap the benefits of economic exchange. This study recommends local government intervention in improving the ability of STE management networks and building online-based networks.

Promoting safe and inclusive water and sanitation services for students with physical disabilities in primary schools: a concept mapping study in Ghana

Abstract Improving water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in schools is crucial to providing inclusive environments for all children to thrive. Particularly for children with disabilities, the school environment can serve as a barrier to their access to and use of WASH facilities. This paper examines strategies and programs needed to promote safe and inclusive WASH services for students with physical disabilities in primary schools in Ghana. We recruited 22 stakeholders from the Upper West Region of Ghana to complete an online concept mapping exercise. Participants identified eight themes for promoting safe and inclusive access to WASH services for students with physical disabilities. These themes included ‘building special schools,’ ‘guidance services,’ ‘ensuring non-discrimination and fair treatment,’ ‘additional programs for PWDs,’ ‘local government interventions,’ ‘public sensitization,’ ‘teacher training,’ and ‘supervision.’ These findings can assist stakeholders in identifying strategies and prioritising programs in the short run to improve WASH among students with physical disabilities.

A comparative case study of multistakeholder responses following oil spills in Pointe d’Esny, Mauritius, and Huntington Beach, California

Oil spills generate negative ecological, societal, economic, and public health impacts, and require rapid response to contain and mitigate damages. Prompt and effective emergency management of acute events like oil spills is highly dependent on the social, institutional, and ecological context. In August 2020, the wreckage of the MV Wakashio spilled 1000 tonnes of fuel oil along an ecologically sensitive coastline in Pointe d’Esny, Mauritius. In October 2021, an offshore pipeline split and released 78 tonnes of crude oil off the coast of Huntington Beach in California. We compare responses among three sets of stakeholders (government, non-governmental organizations, and local residents) during the first 10 days of both oil spills, which also occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Mauritius, unfavorable weather conditions and COVID-19-related border closures that delayed international support impeded government action, creating a leadership and trust vacuum among residents regarding the immediate cleanup response. This perceived gap was subsequently complemented by NGOs coordinating improvised artisanal boom production and local volunteer cleanup efforts, with limited protection or public health training. By contrast, prompt state and local government intervention in Huntington Beach created a clear chain of command with NGOs and residents deferring to official guidance. In both cases, the oil spills created new policy opportunities to improve emergency management plans and reduce future risks. Our results demonstrate the influence of prior local expertise in managing earlier disasters and resources on governmental and organizational capacity. Incorporating and ensuring on-the-ground disaster expertise in response activities improves government-led crisis response, subsequently protecting ecosystems and residents. Effective multi-level crisis response helps address a range of environmental and social justice concerns related to negative impacts of spills on local communities. Our study discusses how learnings from disaster management can reinforce social-ecological resilience in coastal communities dealing with increasing anthropogenic stressors.

Can the marketization of urban land transfer improve energy efficiency?

Local government intervention in land resource allocation can lead to the misallocation of land resources and serious pollutant emissions. As an important market-oriented economic reform in China, the marketization of urban land transfer (MULT) might have the potential to contribute to improving resource allocation efficiency by curbing local government intervention. Therefore, this study aims to provide empirical evidence on the impact of MULT on energy efficiency. We improve the MULT evaluation method to test the mechanism through which MULT affects energy efficiency. The results show that, first, the proportion of land sold by allocation and listing methods, which is characterized by a low degree of marketization, has rapidly increased in recent years, lowering the overall level of MULT. Second, MULT has a direct and significant positive impact on improving energy efficiency. Third, the mechanism analysis indicates that MULT helps enhance energy efficiency by advancing industrial structure optimization and technological progress. Moreover, the heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the impact of MULT on improving energy efficiency differs significantly in different reform stages and between central and peripheral cities. This study sheds light on the importance of land resource allocation in improving energy efficiency and thus has practical policy implications for promoting low-carbon energy transition in emerging countries.

Accelerating Strategies in Developing Superior Agricultural Commodities in Maybrat, West Papua Province

The objectives of conducting research on the acceleration of the development of superior agricultural commodities are to make an inventory and a map of the leading commodities in the agricultural sector in Maybrat Regency, West Papua, Indonesia, as well as designing and formulating a model for accelerating the development of superior agricultural commodities by taking into account the criteria for leading commodities. The analysis tool is the Model Composite Performance Index (CPI). From the results of the analysis, it was found that the commodities analyzed are commodities that farmers have cultivated for a long time, but some commodities are introduced by outsiders in Maybrat Regency, West Papua, Indonesia. In addition, it was found that the five main aspects of developing superior agricultural commodities in Maybrat are: increasing local government interventions, improvement of production facilities and infrastructure, increasing market opportunities, encouraging an increase in business capital, and production continuity improvement. The low application of agricultural zone development programs, the lack of implementation efforts to produce fresh competition, and the implementation of harmonious agricultural zone industrial ties hinder the development of agricultural zones. So that the role of the government in accelerating the development of superior commodities in the agricultural sector becomes important and strategic; without government intervention, efforts to accelerate the development of superior commodities will run in place. However, it should also be understood that farmers/breeders/fishermen as business actors in the agricultural sector also have a strategic role in the intended acceleration effort.

Carbon emissions trading and corporate green investment: The perspective of external pressure and internal incentive

AbstractThe carbon emissions trading scheme (CETS) is an important institutional innovation that internalizes external costs caused by corporate carbon emissions and promotes firms to engage in green development. Based on a 2009–2019 sample of Chinese enterprises of heavily polluting industries listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) and Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE), this paper employs the difference‐in‐differences model to examine the effect of CETS on corporate green investment and discuss the moderating effects of external pressure and internal incentive. We find that the implementation of CETS significantly promotes corporate green investment, and this finding still holds after a series of robustness tests such as Propensity Score Matching‐Difference in Differences (PSM‐DID) method and alternative measure of green investment. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive effect of CETS is stronger in large‐scale enterprises, state‐owned firms, and companies located in regions with strict environmental regulation. In addition, less local government intervention and more internal executive compensation incentive significantly enhance the positive impact of CETS on corporate green investment.

Does internet infrastructure improve or reduce carbon emission performance? --A dual perspective based on local government intervention and market segmentation

The Internet itself contains the characteristics of technological progress, as a green technological means to promote the green development of the economy. The study focuses on the practical issue of how Internet infrastructure affects the efficiency of carbon emissions. It uses panel data of prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2017, based on the carbon emission efficiency measured using the slacks-based measure-global Malmquist–Luenberger index model, employing the static panel and panel quantile regression models. The different degrees of the impact of internet infrastructure on carbon emission efficiency were quantified from the perspectives of the local government intervention status and market segmentation, and the following results were obtained: First, Internet infrastructure improves total factor carbon emission performance significantly, with significant inhibitory effects on carbon emission intensity under the conditions of market segmentation and government intervention. Second, the interactions of internet infrastructure with local government intervention and market segmentation improved the carbon emission performance. Third, internet infrastructure enhanced carbon emission performance significantly (by 25%) under the local government intervention and market segmentation conditions, and the degrees of carbon emission efficiency varied with both contributions. Thus, this study revealed how local government intervention and market fragmentation can break the bottleneck of the effect of internet infrastructure on carbon emissions and how the government can optimize the external environment continuously to ensure the positive role of internet infrastructure in carbon emission performance.

Audit Reform, Local Government Intervention and Tax Burden of State-owned Enterprises

The tax burden of state-owned enterprises has been widely disputed under the intervention of the government, and the tax collection and management audit can effectively restrain the intervention of local governments. Therefore, this paper theoretically analyzes the impact of audit management system reform on the tax burden of state-owned enterprises and the mechanism of action. The research shows that the audit reform has a catalytic effect on reducing the tax burden of local state-owned enterprises, which is mainly reflected in the reduction of the circulation tax burden of local state-owned enterprises, and the reduction of the tax burden of state-owned enterprises by reducing the degree of local government intervention.