Local Government Policy Research Articles

Peran Inovasi dalam Memanfaatkan Teknologi Digital untuk Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Probolinggo

The development of innovation and technology is the key to creating a more inclusive, efficient, and sustainable economic growth model in today's digital era. In an era where digital connectivity has become the norm, the role of technological innovation for economic growth cannot be underestimated. This article aims to explore the potential and challenges in utilizing digital technology with a focus on the agricultural and tourism sectors for economic growth in Probolinggo Regency. Based on a qualitative approach, by collecting data through literature studies from various journals and other relevant sources. Digital technology based on innovation has great potential to increase efficiency and productivity in the agricultural sector, such as through the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) for crop monitoring, as well as the tourism sector through the concept of e-tourism. However, the implementation of digital technology in Probolinggo is hampered by a lack of infrastructure, low digital literacy, and the gap in access between urban and rural areas. In addition, local government policies that do not fully support the development of the digital economy are also obstacles. This article concludes that technology and innovation are the keys to achieving inclusive and sustainable economic growth in the digital era.

Children's views on outdoor advertising of unhealthy food and beverages near schools.

Children are often exposed to unhealthy outdoor food advertisements during the school commute. This exposure can have negative public health consequences given childhood weight gain has been linked to the marketing of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods. This study aimed to explore schoolchildren's lived experiences and attitudes towards outdoor advertising surrounding their schools. Seven focus groups with children aged 10 to 16 years (n=47) attending schools located in areas with high densities of unhealthy outdoor advertising were conducted in Perth, Western Australia, between July and October 2023. Study participants were aware of outdoor advertising of unhealthy food and beverages near their school, with many reporting that it impacted their food preferences and diet. Many participants felt it was unethical to advertise unhealthy food and beverages around schools and strongly supported restricting alcohol advertising within school precincts. Participants suggested a range of strategies to manage outdoor advertising of unhealthy food and beverages, including banning advertisements on public transport. These findings have the potential to impact State and local government policies affecting children's exposure to unhealthy outdoor advertising, serving as a crucial strategy in the fight against childhood obesity and reduced alcohol intake in children.

Research on the Causes, Risks, and Countermeasures of Local Debt Problems

This study aims to explore the causes, risks, and corresponding risk response strategies of local government debt problems. In the case analysis, the scale of local debt in Ningbo is taken as the specific research object. Although local governments use debt financing for infrastructure construction to promote economic growth in the short term, it also brings potential debt risks. By analyzing the scale of local debt and governance policies in Ningbo, this paper finds that Ningbo is relatively reasonable in debt management and its debt risks are generally controllable. Ningbo has successfully promoted municipal construction and economic development by establishing financing platforms and issuing government bonds. Meanwhile, the Ningbo Municipal Government has strengthened debt information disclosure and external rating management and improved the transparency of debt management. The research results provide a reference for other local governments, emphasizing the importance of rationally planning debt structure and controlling debt risks to achieve sustainable development of the regional economy.

Melaksanakan Kebersihan Bersama Masyarakat Untuk Menciptakan Lingkungan yang Sehat

The purpose of this community service is to invite the local community in the neighborhood of Gg. Pemda, Medan City to carry out environmental hygiene to create a healthy environment. Environmental cleaning activities have a positive impact because the environment becomes cleaner, more organized and healthier. In addition, this activity creates a sense of family and togetherness. A healthy environment arises from an environment that is clean, maintained or maintained, beautiful and well-organized. Environmental conditions are a reflection of the behavior of the people who live there. With awareness and relevant local government policies on community conditions in managing waste and environmental hygiene rules.

"One-size-fits-all" or "Collusion"?— Current Chinese Local Government Policy Implementation Choices for Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection

In recent years, the Chinese central government has issued a series of energy conservation and environmental protection policies to promote China 's ecological civilization construction. As the main executor of the central government 's energy conservation and environmental protection policy, local governments in China should have implemented the policy as required. However, some local governments in China, regardless of the specific reality of the implementation object and policy environment, promote the implementation of the policy in a simple “One-size-fits-all” way, while other local governments selectively implement the central policy and resort to fraud in the face of inspections. Grassroots governments and local governments at higher levels are so tacitly " conspiring " that the ecological and environmental protection policies of the Chinese central government cannot be fully implemented and the policy effectiveness cannot be fully demonstrated. Why do China 's local governments still have these situations in the process of policy implementation when the Chinese central government explicitly prohibits them ? Why do local governments make a choice between “One-size-fits-all” and " collusion " ? Taking the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction policies and environmental protection policies in S city of China as an example, this paper puts forward the analysis framework of " local government execution resources-time " to analyze the behavior choice of local governments in China. This study finally found that under the common pressure of completing tasks and superior inspections, Chinese local governments will choose to adopt “One-size-fits-all” behavior or " collusion " behavior according to the matching degree of their own execution resources and time resources. The research in this paper helps to better understand the logic of Chinese local governments ' choice of policy implementation methods, and also has certain reference significance for Chinese local governments ' choice of policy implementation methods in other fields.

Manajemen Kebijakan Pemerintah dalam Mewujudkan Wisata Islami di Pantai Kabupaten Aceh Timur

Sharia Tourism refers to a form of tourism that adheres to Islamic principles, emphasizing not only the attractiveness of destinations but also ensuring management complies with Islamic guidelines. The development of sharia-based tourism has become an essential need for both national and global communities, significantly contributing to economic development. This study aims to analyze government policy management in developing Islamic tourism at the beaches of East Aceh Regency. A descriptive analytical method with a qualitative approach was employed to identify a model for local government policies. The findings reveal that while the cleanliness of the beaches is well-maintained, service management requires improvement, and visitors have not fully complied with sharia-based regulations. The East Aceh Regency Government has begun implementing regulations through the Islamic Law Office and Wilayatul Hisbah; however, a comprehensive policy framework is not yet established. Challenges include limited budgets, insufficient supervisory personnel, and low public awareness of Islamic tourism. Strategic efforts include socialization, evaluation, and strengthening collaboration among stakeholders to support the sustainable development of Islamic tourism.

Supply Chain Conceptual Model to Optimize a Local Food Agroindustry from the Coconut Milk Processing

This study uses a soft system methodology to examine the coconut milk supply chain, which supports the local food agro-industry, particularly for rendang products. It aims to develop a fundamental concept to optimize this supply chain. The proposed method is effective for addressing complex, multi-stakeholder problems. Using systems thinking, real-world system behaviour is converted into a conceptual model, facilitating decision-making through customer, actor, transformation, worldview, owner, and environment components. The findings include a conceptual model translated into a causal loop diagram, part of a dynamic systems approach, which shows the interconnections and feedbacks among variables in the supply chain, such as raw material supply, logistics costs, production volume, and distribution costs. This stage identifies stakeholders and systematically illustrates the relationships in managing the flow of goods. It provides a basis for designing a supply chain network aligned with local government policies for developing the coconut milk agro-industry. It aims to optimize the local food industry, particularly rendang, in West Sumatra province. After creating the conceptual model, gap analysis and validation were conducted, comparing the model with real-world insights from stakeholders, including coconut farmers, producers, rendang manufacturers, academic institutions, and local governments. Validation focused on efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness. The results demonstrate the foundational idea for designing the coconut milk agro-industry supply chain network to support local food products, as depicted in the causal loop diagram.

Analysis of Smart Village Development in Supporting Smart City in Indonesia: A Systematic Review

Along with the enactment of the Law of Village in 2014, village development is a top priority on the national development agenda in Indonesia. Village development through the implementation of smart village is thought to be significant given the current state of technology’s rapid expansion. Smart village refers, generally speaking, to the implementation of the smart city idea inside the village borders. This study analyzes the concepts developed in the relationship between smart village and smart city based on a systematic literature review, compares how smart village are implemented to support smart city in various Indonesian regencies, and offers policy alternatives in the form of smart village dimensions that are more appropriate for Indonesian village conditions. Systematic literature review is used as the method for this research, with data collected from the Scopus journal database. The analysis is enriched with empirical findings based on local government policies governing smart village. The results showed that smart village development in Indonesia tends to be top-down with the initiation coming from the central and local governments. It is important to implement smart village that are in line with smart city in order to foster relationships between the two, promote village independence, and assist the smart city implementation in a complementary manner by integrating digital services and bolstering the local economy. The recommended smart village dimensions to support smart city in Indonesia consist of community, technology, institutional, and potential village resources.

Information provision on local industries by Japanese public libraries: a survey on cultural industry-focused corners

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine how Japanese public libraries position and implement their services to provide information on cultural industries as local industries. Furthermore, the design characteristics of corners providing information on local industries and the potential and issues of services for contributing to the development of local industries were discussed.Design/methodology/approachThrough qualitative content analysis of library and municipal publications and websites, the following perspectives were examined: description, background of collecting materials and relationship with the local government policies. Through direct observations of library corners, the following perspectives were examined: location of the library, location of the corner, library information resource arrangement and content and content without library information resources. The targets were the following three corners related to the cultural industry: animation corner, film materials room and Ningyo (Japanese doll) corner.FindingsRegarding the design characteristics of corners, an intent to disseminate the appeal of local industries was particularly revealed. Regarding potential, cultural industries examined in this study are present in various and supporting cultural industries can promote development in these communities, even though traditional BI services may not be effective in some communities. Regarding issues, helping revitalize users and local businesses and collaboration with other organizations was inadequate.Originality/valueThis study provides suggestions for libraries to support local industries, expanding the concept of BI services, and has the potential to support communities that traditional BI services cannot cover.

Menganalisis Keberhasilan Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Pasca Pemekaran Daerah di Bidang Ekonomi dan Infrastruktur

This study analyzes the success of the Riau Islands Province post-regional expansion in the fields of economy and infrastructure. The territorial expansion carried out in 2002 aimed to enhance government efficiency and accelerate regional development. Despite notable progress, such as economic growth exceeding the national average and controlled inflation, significant challenges remain, including dependency on transfers from the central government. The Fiscal Independence Index (IKF) indicates that most districts and cities in Riau Islands Province are still categorized as "Not Independent." Therefore, a comprehensive strategy is needed to increase Regional Original Income (PAD) and strengthen fiscal decentralization. The method used in this study is literature review, which involves examining and analyzing written sources such as books, articles, and academic journals. Through this method, researchers can gather relevant information and understand the context and developments in the studied field. This research also provides policy recommendations to enhance community participation in decision-making, aiming for more effective regional autonomy. Thus, this study is expected to contribute to the literature on regional expansion and local government policies in Indonesia.

Formal but Local Transitional Justice: Memorialization of the Missing by Local Government in Nepal

Abstract This article explores how the families of the disappeared in Nepal, in the absence of any substantive state-led transitional justice process, have mobilized to created victim groups to drive local political and social engagements with violations of the decade long internal conflict. Victims’ groups have informally memorialized their missing relatives and ultimately successfully advocated with local government to advance local memorialization through official processes. Victim-led memory practices have had an impact on local government policy, and these serve to enhance the role of victim groups as agents of social change. Using case studies from two local authorities as examples, we seek to highlight how localized memory practices empower and mobilize victims, advancing their role as political and social actors in processes of social change and blurring the conceptual division between state and community-led process. This article seeks to challenge the longstanding conflation of ‘local’ and ‘informal’ (meaning initiated and led by non-state actors) to describe the transitional justice process, by showing how when led by local authorities, this process can both empower victims and challenge impunity at the federal level.

Optimizing China's economic performance through government hierarchy restructuring

AbstractChina's Province‐managing‐county (PMC) reform policy aims to mitigate fiscal stress and augment expenditure autonomy for county governments by eradicating the subordinate fiscal relationship between prefectures and counties. The research augments the time‐varying difference‐in‐difference technique, utilizing a longitudinal dataset at the county level to examine the incentive effects of this reform on economic performance and local government policy decision. The empirical investigation divulges that the local fiscal incentives introduced by this reform through alleviating fiscal stress and providing expenditure autonomy significantly impact economic performance and influence local government policy decisions. The outcomes become more noticeable in economically developed regions and those characterized by enhanced institutional quality and reduced migration barriers. Additionally, the reform encourages counties to adopt a more proactive fiscal policy characterized by increased capital expenditure to promote economic performance while reducing expenditures on social security subsidies and administrative costs affirming that economic performance targets of county governments garbles the composition of public expenditure. These results support positing that a flattened hierarchical structure ameliorates delays in fiscal matters and facilitates communication across various levels of government in the context of improved institutional quality and reduced migration barriers however at the expense of reduced public expenditures. The findings additionally signifies that PMC policy reform become more incentivized in the political competition for economic performance.

Support vector machine analysis to predict the value of tin exports as an effort to prevent environmental damage in the Bangka Belitung islands province

Abstract The Bangka Belitung Islands Province is one of the largest tin producers in Indonesia, so tin mining and environmental damage continue to be hot topics among the people of Bangka Belitung. Therefore, research is needed to predict the value of tin exports as part of efforts to prevent environmental damage. The analysis method used in this research is a Support Vector Machine (SVM). The SVM method is included in the supervised learning category with a machine learning approach in creating algorithms to predict results accurately. The data used is data on the tin export value of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province for the period January 2017 to December 2023. Based on the results of the data analysis carried out, it was found that the SVM method that is suitable for predicting export value is the Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel. Based on this method, the highest value obtained in the Bangka Belitung tin export data was $219,028,197 in May 2025 and the lowest was $2,752,377 in June 2026. It can be concluded that the predicted results of the Bangka Belitung tin export data fluctuated slightly downward in line with the decline in the commodity value of tin in this province. The hope is that the decrease in tin export predictions must also be anticipated by local government policies in dealing with the availability and type of damage caused by this non-renewable natural resource commodity.

A161: Development History, Content Characteristics and Optimization Strategies of China's Digital Sports Policy

Research Purpose: Digital sports policy guides and leads the development of digital sports. Scientific and reasonable policies are crucial to the high-quality development of digital sports in the new era. Research Methods: We used methods such as the literature data method, word frequency analysis method, and text analysis method to sort out the development process of digital sports policy and analyzed the content characteristics, policy objectives, and selection characteristics of policy tools. Research Results: (1) The development history of my country's digital sports policy includes three periods: (2005–2015) the initial exploration period; (2016–2020) the slow growth period; and after 2021, a period of rapid development. (2) In terms of policy content, the eastern region leads the development and focuses on application promotion; the central region is slightly more vigorous in development and attaches great importance to the construction of digital sports platforms; the western region is developing well and focuses on leveraging sports consumption. (3) In terms of policy objectives, the national-level and local government policies focus on building digital sports. However, the country focuses on leading local construction and creating a development environment for digital sports, while local governments focus on mass fitness and digital sports services. (4) In terms of policy tools, four policy tools are widely used: information tools (excessively used), authoritative tools (underused), fiscal and taxation tools (insufficiently used), and organizational tools (properly selected). The overall use of policy tools is unbalanced. Research Conclusions and Suggestions: (1) Conclusion: After more than 20 years of development, my country's digital sports policy has gone through an initial exploration period, experienced a slow growth period, and now has entered a period of rapid development. There are regional differences in the formulation of policy content and different implementation paths of policy goals. Policy tools are widely used, but the frequency of use varies greatly, and the use of policy tools is unbalanced. (2) Optimization Strategy: In the future, the use of information-based, authoritative, fiscal, and organizational policy tools should be optimized and balanced, and the internal structure of policy tools should be improved. To enhance the coordination of policy goals, attention should be paid to improving the efficiency of digital sports governance and coordinating the development of multiple entities, expanding policy content coverage, improving the distribution of digital sports governance elements, and providing full play to the overall effect of the policy.

Local Government Policy in the Marketing of Home Industry Products in Bumiharjo Village

Local Government Policy in the Marketing of Home Industry Products in Bumiharjo Village

Unincorporation in counties as a political determinant of health: An exploration of five states

Local government policies and practices shape the context of the places that can alter a population's life chances through socioeconomic factors, built environments, and healthcare access. County governments, one of the most ubiquitous U.S. political structures, impact health outcomes within their jurisdiction through multiple policy levers and pathways. By identifying which political determinants within counties are associated with variation in life expectancy and premature death, we can better intervene on modifiable factors. One overlooked political determinant from public health studies is the county's responsibility as the primary local government for approximately a third of the U.S. population and 93% of land in unincorporated areas. To conduct an ecological study and assess associations between county population health and county responsibility for unincorporated areas and populations, we created and tested two county indicators of unincorporation. Multilevel multivariable regression results showed that larger proportions of unincorporated land within a county are associated with lower average county life expectancy. More testing of the measurement is needed to understand the relationship between unincorporation, county government, and population health outcomes.

Ideology, intergovernmental transfers, and public health spending: Evidence from South Korea

This paper asks whether political ideology affects local government policies through intergovernmental transfers. When local governments depend on intergovernmental transfers, and the upper-tier grantor government has a limited ability to target resources at the local level, the grantor government may use transfers to indirectly promote local public goods that reflect its political ideology. Using data from 226 South Korean municipalities within 15 regions, we show that municipalities located in regions with left-wing regional governments receive significantly more health subsidies from the regional government than those located in regions with right-wing regional governments. The increase in health subsidies leads to greater municipal health spending. Our findings are consistent with the view that party and ideology influence local government policies.

Local Sustainability Assessment of the Wonogiri Multipurpose Reservoir Catchment Area in Central Java Province, Indonesia

The sustainability of watershed management is a crucial issue that must be addressed to guarantee the persistence of watershed services including agriculture, food production, and energy supply. This issue has also been addressed in Presidential Regulation No. 18/2020 concerning the National Medium-Term Development Plans for 2020–2024, which stipulate the restoration of priority watersheds, including the Upstream Bengawan Solo Watershed. This study seeks to address this information gap by assessing the local sustainability of the watershed from a temporal dynamics perspective by calculating the Local Sustainability Index (LSI), Local Moran Index, and spatial associations. Measuring sustainable development indices locally is essential because each location has different characteristics, and using specific indicators at the local level is rarely done. The enactment of the national law on village autonomy in Indonesia necessitates the formulation of sustainable development indicators at the village level. These indicators serve as the metrics and frameworks for local government policies and initiatives. Our results show that village sustainability in the social and economic dimensions has increased from 2007 to 2021, especially in urban activity center areas that serve social and economic facilities. This seems different in the environmental dimension, where the sustainability value decreased from 2007 to 2021. The concentration of low sustainability values on ecological conditions occurred in pocket areas. Environmental problems were indicated by land-use conversion and disaster areas.

Educational Inequalities Due to Regional Differences in China, Exemplified by Yunnan and Guangdong Provinces: An Analysis Based on Socio-economic, Cultural Context and Policy Factors

Abstract: China's reform and opening up have led to remarkable advancements in education and the economy. However, regional inequality has become a prominent issue, particularly between border and coastal areas. Using as examples, This study examines the educational discrepancies between Yunnan Province and Guangdong Province as examples, aiming to identify the causes of such inequality. The study discovers that one primary cause of regional educational inequality is the disparity in socio-economic development. As a economically developed coastal region, Guangdong possesses greater economic capacity for rapid growth and can allocate more funding towards educational resources and infrastructural development. In contrast, less developed areas like Yunnan have made insufficient investments in this field. Furthermore, cultural differences significantly impact education levels: coastal regions such as Guangdong have higher expectations for higher education and value the role of the family in education; whereas frontier areas like Yunnan prioritize education less due to geographic and cultural constraints, resulting in lower levels of attention and investment. Each local government's policy stance and investment direction differ: economically developed locations tend to attract more qualified instructors and associated resources, while less developed regions lag behind, aggravating the unequal distribution of educational resources. This paper contends that regional economic disparities are the main driver of educational inequality, particularly in terms of investment and access to educational resources. Bridging the economic gap between different regions is crucial for achieving educational equity, which is closely linked to the country's overall prosperity and stability.

Analysis of Local Governance and Legal Protection of Students' Information Security in the Context of Sustainable Development of Digital Education

Local governments are dealing with student information more and more frequently, resulting in the risk of student information being leaked, so it is necessary to introduce relevant policies, laws and regulations to standardize information collection activities and improve the level of social information governance. Therefore, this study proposes three hypotheses: on the one hand, whether the information policy issued by the local government can guide students' information collection activities, and on the other hand, whether the introduction of local laws and regulations can provide protection for students' information security; Finally, whether public participation can provide supervision for student information collection and governance, and create a good public management environment. The results show that local information laws and regulations can regulate the behavior of students' information collection and clarify the purpose and direction of students' information collection. At the same time, laws and regulations such as privacy protection and local codes of conduct can improve the security of student information and ensure the legal collection of information. The active participation of the public is conducive to the public information collection environment and ensures the overall security of student information. Therefore, local government policies, laws, and regulations can provide assurance and support for students' information security and promote the sustainable development of digital education.