Local Ethnic Minority Research Articles

Child language brokering in Turkey: non-professional interpreting experiences from Kurdish, Arab, and Pomak ethnic minorities

ABSTRACT This research unveils retrospective child language brokering experiences within local ethnic minorities in Turkey. Employing a multiple-case study research design, the investigation delves into the brokering experiences of three adult participants from diverse ethnic backgrounds – Kurdish, Arab, and Pomak communities. The semi-structured interviews shed light on individual encounters, including primary motivations and settings for brokering, employed translation strategies, perceived impacts of brokering, and the normativity of child language brokering. They also illuminate the societal positioning of these ethnic minorities, especially minority women, within Turkey and the prevailing state policies affecting minority language rights. The findings obtained are discussed in connection with a nuanced exploration of the contextual and historical dimensions surrounding these ethnic minorities. In this sense, departing from the prevailing focus on child language brokering within immigrant families, this research redirects attention to brokering practices among local ethnic minorities. Beyond the preliminary exploration of child language brokering in Turkey, this study is an early investigation into non-professional interpreting activities among ethnic minorities residing in the country. The study also generates implications that intersect the domains of public service interpreting and politics.

Economy and sustainable development issues among local ethnic minorities in the South Central Highlands, Vietnam

Sustainable development has been a topic of concern to the Party and State for many decades. Especially, the sustainable development in mountainous regions and ethnic minority areas has always been focused on with promulgated resolutions and policies. Local ethnic minorities in the South Central Highlands such as Ede, Co-ho, Mnong in particular, and other ethnic minorities are also among the subjects of concern to promote the sustainable development. However, currently, in order to develop sustainably as expected by the Government, these ethnic groups must gradually solve the challenges they are facing, including economic development, hunger eradication and poverty reduction, food security, education development, etc. Although these issues have positively changed over the past years, they are still not enough to ensure the sustainable development. Because of the high rate of poor and near-poor households, low education levels and limited lifelong learning opportunities, uncertain food security, etc., to achieve the sustainable development, in addition to the efforts of the ethnic groups themselves, the Government still needs to continue to support them more in the coming time to gradually solve the challenges they are facing. That is also the goal of this article with implications for policy implementation so that local ethnic minorities in particular and other ethnic minorities in general can develop sustainably in the future. The data source of the article was collected in the community in 2022 by participant observation, questionnaire surveys, and in-depth interviews. The article analyzes the economic situation and explores the challenges that local ethnic minorities in the South Central Highlands are facing.

Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing and Identification of Genes Related to Terpenoid Biosynthesis in Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li

Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li is an evergreen woody plant that is only distributed in southwest China. The volatile oils from the fruits of C. migao have long been used as a special authentic medicinal herb by local ethnic minorities. Due to its low seed germination rate, destructive lumbering and low rates of artificial planting, C. migao is facing the danger of extinction. Therefore, it is urgent to exploit and protect this species using molecular biological technology, especially to target the genes involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoids in the volatile oil. However, the genomic data for this plant are not available. In this study, the transcriptome sequencing of C. migao was performed to obtain the key genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis via a combination of full-length transcriptome and next-generation sequencing (NGS). More than 39.9 Gb of raw data was obtained and 515,929 circular consensus sequences (CCSs) were extracted. After clustering similar 472,858 full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads and correction with NGS data, 139,871 consensus isoforms were obtained. Meanwhile, 73,575 non-redundant transcripts were generated by removing redundant transcripts. Then, 70,427 isoforms were successfully annotated using public databases. Moreover, differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) in four different developmental stages of the C. migao fruit were analyzed and 5764 transcripts showed period-specific expression. Finally, 15 transcripts, 6 transcripts, and only 1 transcript were identified as being involved in the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, and monoterpenoids, respectively. This study provides a basis for future research in the gene mining, genetic breeding, and metabolic engineering of C. migao.

Developing Inclusive Tourism in Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT): A Case Study on Sajek Valley, Bangladesh

The study focuses on the inclusivity of tourism development in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, specifically in the Sajek Valley, and examines whether it has improved the socio-economic status of local ethnic minority groups. The research found that the development of tourism in Sajek Valley has brought numerous benefits to the local community, including modernization, improved access to education and electricity, and alternative livelihood options. Inclusive tourism has also helped to develop a sustainable tourism industry that values the preservation of cultural values and involves local leaders in decision-making. The development of tourism has also fostered a cordial relationship between Bengali businessmen, tourists, and local ethnic minority groups. However, challenges to inclusive tourism remain, including the relocation of local ethnic families, environmental concerns, a sense of relative deprivation among local ethnic minorities, and a lack of mutual trust between different ethnic groups. To ensure the sustainability of Sajek as a tourist destination, further research is necessary to understand and overcome these exclusionary factors. Overall, inclusive tourism has been a positive force in Sajek Valley, benefiting the local society and promoting sustainable development, but there are still areas to improve.

MANAGING AND DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE MULTI-DIMENSIONAL POVERTY REDUCTION AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING MODELS FOR LOCAL ETHNIC MINORITY WOMEN IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS IN THE CURRENT PERIOD: SITUATION AND PROBLEMS

The research and development of effective vocational training models, associated with livelihood development and sustainable multi-dimensional poverty alleviation for local ethnic minority women in accordance with socio-cultural characteristics. The socio-culturalization of each particularly difficult commune in the Central Highlands is an important and urgent issue in the current period with profound social and humanistic meanings. This article has conducted an overview of the issue of vocational training, vocational training model and sustainable multi-dimensional poverty reduction for local ethnic minority women, thereby deeply analyzing the current situation and problems posed for the vocation training models of local ethnic minority women, continue to research and effectively implement vocational training models for rural workers in general and for ethnic minority women, especially local ethnic minority women in particular in the Central Highlands during the current period.

Garcinia oligantha: A comprehensive overview of ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology.

Garcinia oligantha Merr. is an ethnomedicine plant mainly distributed in Guangdong and Hainan, China. It has the effects of heat-clearing and detoxicating, which has been used by local ethnic minorities to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammation, internal heat, toothache and scald. This review summarizes and discusses the progress of the chemical compounds and biological activities of G. oligantha that have been studied in recent years to provide the direction for the prospective research and applications of G. oligantha. The relevant literature about G. oligantha was accessible from ancient Chinese medical books and records, theses, as well as major scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Baidu Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). To date, more than 150 chemical compounds were isolated from this plant, including xanthones, volatile oil, fatty acid, benzofurane derivative and biphenyl compounds. Xanthones are the main bioactive compounds that exhibit diverse biological effects, such as antitumor, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, neuroprotective, antimalarial and antibacterial effects, which are consistent with its traditional uses as a folk medicine. Modern pharmacological studies show that these compounds participate in a variety of signaling pathways underlying different pathophysiologies, making them a valuable medicinal resource. G. oligantha is an ethnomedicine with a long history. However, due to regional and cultural constraints, the popularisation and use of ethnomedicine are still limited. Modern pharmacological and chemical research suggest that G. oligantha contains a variety of bioactive compounds and showed diverse biological functions, which is worthy of comprehensive and in-depth research. This review summarizes and discusses the recent progress in studies on G. oligantha, looking forward to promote further research and sustainable development of folk medicinal plants.

Establishing evidence to inform culturally competent mental health services: A mixed methods study protocol.

COVID-19 has exacerbated the significant and longstanding mental health inequalities for ethnic minorities, who were less likely to access mental health support in primary care but more likely to end up in crisis care compared to the majority ethnic group. Services were poorly offered and accessed to respond to the increased mental health challenges. To 1) establish evidence on which changes to mental health services provided in response to COVID-19 are beneficial for ethnic minorities who experience mental health difficulties in the North of England, and 2) to inform what and how culturally competent mental health services should be routinely provided. A mixed methods approach comprising 1) a rapid review to map services and models of care designed or adjusted for mental health during the pandemic, 2) an observational study of retrospective routine data to assess changes to mental health services and associated outcomes, 3) qualitative interviews to understand experiences of seeking care and factors associated with high-quality service provision, and 4) a Delphi study to establish consensus on key features of culturally competent services. From the selected areas in the North of England, adults from ethnic minorities who experience mental health difficulties will be identified from the primary, community and secondary care services and local ethnic minority communities. This study will identify ways to tackle health inequalities and contribute to mental health service recovery post pandemic by providing practice recommendations on equitable and effective services to ensure culturally competent and high-quality care. A list of services and features on what and how mental health services will be provided. Working with study collaborators and public and patient involvement partners, the study findings will be widely disseminated through presentations, conferences and publications and will inform the subsequent funding application for intervention development and evaluation.

A Structural Equation Model on English Learning Self of Middle School Students in China’s Ethnic Minority Populated Area

As the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) is premised on monolingualism, which ignores the cross-cutting properties of multilingual environments, this study investigates the English Learning Self and its structural characteristics of students in a junior high school in a minority-inhabited area of Guizhou Province, China. These ethnic minority students not only learn their native language (minority languages), but also learn Mandarin Chinese, through which they learn English as their third language, with features of low English proficiency, weak motivation to learn English, and low frequency of English use. Data were collected from 159 Han Chinese students and 274 ethnic minority students in the eighth grade of the junior high school. Structural equation modelling revealed that the Ideal English Self contains three factors: Ideal English Learner, Ideal English Career and Ideal English User, and the most significant Ideal English Self exhibited by the middle school students was Ideal English Learner; while the Ought-to English Self contains three factors: Meeting Other’s Expectation, Self’s Future Expectation and Self’s Present Demand, with Meeting Other’s Expectation marking contributed the most. Through comparative analysis, this study further found that there was no significant difference between local Han Chinese students and ethnic minority students in terms of English Learning Self.

Lessons for Protected Area Management in Vietnam: Outcomes of Local Ethnic Minority Participation in Forest Protection of Cat Tien National Park

While protected areas are a measure for forest conservation, they pose a number of key challenges to local people’s livelihoods. One solution to the tension between conservation objectives and livelihoods in protected areas is involving local people in forest protection activities. The research examined the performance of one initiative, involving Forest Protection Teams (FPTs), on the livelihoods of local people and participating members, and on forest conservation. The research revealed that FPT activities had some benefits for team members but limited impact on local livelihoods. Additionally, most households stated that there was no detectable change in forest condition because of team members’ activities in forest protection. For FPT members to take greater ownership of forest protection outcomes and communication of these outcomes, the program needs to be designed and implemented in a more participatory manner.

MANAGING AND DEVELOPING AN EDUCATIONAL MODEL THAT PRESERVES AND PROMOTES THE VALUE OF TRADITIONAL CULTURAL IDENTITIS OF LOCAL ETHNIC MINORITIS IN ETHNIC MINORITY BOARDING SCHOOLS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS

Preserving and promoting traditional cultural identity values is a national sustainable development strategy, a common task of the whole society, in which education plays the most important role, also by way of education and training. through education, material and spiritual values, rich practical experiences, behavioral experiences, lifestyles, languages, customs, practices, cuisine, costumes, etc. Ethnic minorities are handed down, preserved, and connected between generations. Education helps students understand the traditional cultural identity, respect, preserve and promote the value of the traditional cultural identity of their nation, respect the value of the cultural identity of the British peoples. other children. This article has outlined the status of education to preserve and promote the value of traditional cultural identities of local ethnic minorities in ethnic minority boarding schools in the Central Highlands, thereby proposing a system of management solutions to develop educational models that preserve and promote the values of traditional cultural identities of local ethnic minorities in ethnic minority boarding schools in the Central Highlands in the current period . Keywords : Model development management; Education to preserve and promote traditional cultural identity values; Local ethnic minorities; Boarding schools for ethnic minorities; Highlands region.

MANAGING AND DEVELOPING AN EDUCATIONAL MODEL THAT PRESERVES AND PROMOTES THE TRADITIONAL CULTURAL IDENTITY OF LOCAL ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS

Preserving and promoting traditional cultural identity values is a national sustainable development strategy, a common task of the whole society in which education plays the most important. Thanks to education material and spiritual values, rich practical experiences, behavioral experiences, lifestyles, languages, customs, practices, cuisine and costumes…of ethnic minorities are handed down, preserved, and connected between generations. Education helps students understand the traditional cultural identity, respect, preserve and promote the value of the traditional cultural identity of their ethnic minority, respect the value of the cultural identity of other ethnic minorities. This article has outlined the status of education to preserve and the article promote the value of traditional cultural identities of local ethnic minorities in ethnic minority boarding general schools in the Central Highlands. Thereby proposes a system of management solutions to develop educational models that preserve and promote the values of traditional cultural identities of local ethnic minorities in ethnic minority boarding general schools in the Central Highlands in the current period.

Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China

Ethnic minorities living in Guizhou Province, China, have produced numerous rice landraces that are rich in genetic variations. Studying the genetic diversity and population structure of rice landraces in Guizhou has therefore become a topic of great research interest. However, the influence of ethnic minorities and their traditional food cultures on rice landraces remains unclear. We analyzed the genetic diversity of 598 rice landraces using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Furthermore, we analyzed the nucleotide variations between two similar populations collected during two different time periods using a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotype analysis of six unlinked nuclear loci. The three major results were as follows: (1) The genetic diversity index of rice landraces in six ecologically distinct rice farming zones of Guizhou Province was high (He = 0.7721), and Southwest Guizhou, which has a large population of ethnic minorities, is the center of genetic diversity of rice landraces in the province; this region had the highest He at 0.7823 and the highest polymorphic information content (PIC) at 0.7562. (2) A neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree and a model of the population structure showed that the rice landraces from the southwest, south, and southeast of Guizhou had unique genetic structures and genetic backgrounds, which are closely related to the traditional diet cultures of the local ethnic minorities. (3) A nucleotide variation analysis of similar rice landraces collected in 1980 and 2015 revealed that, after 35 years of domestication by ethnic minorities, the original dominant haplotypes were well-preserved; the frequency of the most favorable haplotypes gradually increased to adapt to the traditional food culture. This study is expected to promote the protection and sustainable utilization of rice landraces from this unique region and to provide valuable germplasm materials and information for future rice breeding and basic research efforts.

Research on the Principal–Agent Mechanism of Poverty Alleviation through Mandarin Popularization in Ethnic Minority Areas from the Perspective of Ability Incentive

In the process of poverty alleviation through Mandarin popularization in ethnic minority areas, there is a principal–agent relationship. In order to effectively stimulate the endogenous motivation of the public, it is necessary to study the principal–agent relationship between the local government and ethnic minorities in the process of poverty alleviation through Mandarin popularization from the perspective of ability incentive. Combining the traditional targeted poverty alleviation with principal–agent theory, this paper clarifies the principal–agent relationship between the local government, as principal, and the ethnic minorities, as agent, and constructs a principal–agent model based on information asymmetry scenarios. This model includes two scenarios: (1) the local government provides ability incentive; and (2) the local government does not provide ability incentive. Under the scenarios, the local government is risk-neutral, and the ethnic minorities are risk-averse. This paper focuses on analyzing the impact of ability incentives on the decision-making strategies of the local government and the public as well as on their expected revenue. Finally, the rationality and effectiveness of this model are verified through numerical simulation.

MANAGING AND DEVELOPING AN EDUCATIONAL MODEL THAT PRESERVES AND PROMOTES THE VALUES OF TRADITIONAL CULTURAL IDENTITIES OF LOCAL ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS - SITUATION AND ISSUES

Education to preserve and promote the values of traditional cultural identities of 13 ethnic minorities in the 5 provinces of the Central Highlands has achieved certain achievements. However, besides the achievements, the education to preserve and promote the traditional cultural identity values of local ethnic minorities in the Central Highlands still has many shortcomings. has not yet met the requirements of socio-economic development in 5 provinces in the Central Highlands. This article is the result of a study on the current status of education to preserve and promote traditional cultural identity values and the current situation of management and development of an educational model to preserve and promote traditional cultural identity values of 13 ethnic minorities in 5 provinces of the Central Highlands in the current digital transformation context. The article is also a very important practical basis for the author to continue to research and propose a system of solutions to improve the quality of education, preserve and promote the values of traditional cultural identity and propose a system to improve the quality of education, system of management solutions to develop an educational model that preserves and promotes the values of traditional cultural identities of 13 ethnic minorities in the 5 provinces of the Central Highlands in the current period. Keywords: Status; Development management; An educational model that preserves and promotes traditional cultural identity values; Local ethnic minorities; Central Highlands region.

DEVELOPING FLEXIBLE AND EFFECTIVE VOCATIONAL TRAINING MODELS FOR LOCAL ETHNIC MINORITIES WOMEN AT DISTRICT-LEVEL CONTINUING EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION CENTERS IN THE DAK NONG PROVINCE IN THE CURRENT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION CONTEXT CURRENT STATUS AND MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

Vocational training for ethnic minorities women in general and local ethnic minority women in particular in the province of the Dak Nong is one of the top priorities in the field of vocational training and socio-economic development policies of the Dak Nong province. Currently, local ethnic minority women still face many difficulties in life, economy, culture and society. Organizing research and properly assessing the reality of vocational training for local ethnic minority women in district-level vocational education and continuing education centers of the Dak Nong province is a very important and urgent job. The authors of the article conducted a survey on the current situation of flexible and effective vocational training models for local ethnic minorities women in the Dak Nong province in the period 2017-2021, analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, causes and problems for effective management and development of vocational training models for local ethnic minorities women in the Dak Nong province in the coming time. Since then, the research team has proposed a system of effective management solutions to develop flexible and effective vocational training models for local women of ethnic minorities in vocational education and continuing education centers at district level in the current digital transformation context. The study is carried out based on the following main approaches: Logical-historical approach; System approach in the direction of interdisciplinary, inter-regional and inter-level; Access to school education; Access to sociology; Access to value; Access to market; Access to psychology; Cultural access; Approach to case study; Access through expert opinion. The study implements the following research methods: Methods of collecting information: Methods of researching secondary documents, methods of collecting information, primary data; Data analysis methods; Deployment method to replicate the model. Keywords: Vocational training models; Developing flexible and effective vocational training models; Local ethnic minority women; Vocational education - Continuing Education Centers at district level; Dak Nong province.

Research on the Inheritance of Miao Costume Culture Based on Digital Wireless Communication Technology

The protection of the popular culture of local ethnic minorities is an inevitable requirement for building a multicultural system. Through the latest digital technology, through the Internet, digital images, and other technologies, traditional cultural resources are classified and integrated, so that they can be inherited. The purpose of this study is to study the cultural heritage of digitized Miao costumes. This paper introduces the background and importance of the digital protection of Miao costume culture, analyzes in detail the current situation of Miao costume culture, the application of digital protection technology at home and abroad, and analyzes and organizes the research content that introduces the importance of digital protection of Miao costumes. Provide real data support for clothing culture protection. Collect relevant data through questionnaire survey, conduct quantitative statistical analysis, and study the impact of modern cultural communication tools such as television, mobile phones, and the Internet on the inheritance of Miao costume culture under the digital background. The results showed that only 5 of the 216 people were reluctant to use digital dissemination of Miao costumes.

Impacts of payment for forest environmental service policy in Vietnam: A case study of Muong Nhe protected area

Payment for Forest Environmental Services (PFES) is an innovation policy in forest resource management in Vietnam since it was applied in 2011 nationwide. This paper is a case study assessing the impact of PFES policy in Muong Nhe Protected Area (MNPA), Dien Bien Province. The study surveyed 350 households in MNPA buffer zone communes combined with in-depth interviews with key informants. The results show that the impacts of PFES policy on local communities are very large, contributing to increasing incomes for local ethnic minorities, eradicating poverty, promoting sustainable forest management and protection, raising people's awareness about forest conservation, and contributing to the construction of local public facilities. However, the benefit-sharing mechanism from PFES is not transparent. Local people have little voice in decisions about benefit-sharing and monitoring the allocation of funds from PFES. PFES also encountered some technical problems in its implementation. The study made some suggestions to the PFES system at MNPA, focusing on enhancing the role of the community in benefit sharing and monitoring of PFES implementation, building a participatory PFES assessment and monitoring mechanism, accelerating the allocation of forest land use rights to community, and application of a trading mechanism for other types of environmental services such as landscape beauty and carbon sequenstration.

IMPROVING THE CAPACITY OF INPUT PROVISION SERVICES FOR PHARMACEUTICAL MATERIAL INDUSTRY IN LAO CAI PROVINCE

Medicinal plants are important non-timber forest products which receives high priority in investment and development in many northern mountainous provinces, especially Lao Cai province. Planting medicinal herbs has contributed significantly to the income of local ethnic minorities. The demand for input services such as seeds, agricultural materials and credit is increasing. The quality of medicinal herbs also depends much on the quality of input provision services. This study was conducted to evaluate the service delivery capacity of service providers for the medicinal material industry in Lao Cai province. The study was conducted through interviews, group discussions, expert consultations, and field observations in two districts of Bat Xat and Bac Ha of Lao Cai province in 2020. Research results showed that farmers growing medicinal herbs in Lao Cai have an increasing need for loans to invest in growing medicinal herbs but was not yet willing to borrow capital to develop and expand the area of medicinal herbs. Cooperatives and businesses currently have short-term revolving loan needs, and do not have a plan to borrow long-term investment capital. The demand for technical services and other input materials in the development of medicinal herbs increases following the expansion of medicinal material areas. However, the provision capacity of the existing agencies is still very limited. Therefore, it is necessary to pilot and implement the service delivery model in line with the market system development approach in which the suppliers will participate in co-investment with farmers, production and processing cooperatives to ensure sustainability, efficiency, mobilizing resources of the private sector to develop medicinal herbs, expanding product consumption markets, thereby encouraging farmers to invest in expanding and improving production and production quality medicinal products.

Spatiotemporal characteristic of Biantun toponymical landscape for the evolution of Biantun culture in Yunnan, China

The geographical environment of Yunnan Province in China and Han migration during the Ming Dynasty contributed to the development of the Biantun culture. Biantun toponyms (BTT) record the integration process between the Central Plains and native Yunnan cultures. The GIS analysis method of toponyms was used in this study to reproduce the settlement characteristics of BTT and the spatial development of the Biantun culture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In addition, we have developed a toponymical landscape index to represent the degree of spatial integration between the BTT and ethnic minority toponyms in Yunnan and explore the spatial characteristics of the integration of Han immigrants and local ethnic minorities. The results show that the spatial distribution of the BTT is consistent with the sites selection of the Tuntian (屯田) in Yunnan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the centroids of BTT spread to outskirts and intermontane area from central towns. In the Dali, Kunming, Qujing and other regions, the distribution characteristics of the integrated of BTT and ethnic minority toponyms reflect a higher degree of Sinicization in the central urban areas. Exploring the evolution of Biantun cultural development through the spatial characteristics of toponymical landscapes can help adjust policies for the development and protection of Biantun cultural resources.

Rocking the boat: intersectional resistance to marine conservation policies in Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia

Much scholarship has stressed the need for conservation initiatives to consider local livelihood realities in order to effectively manage marine ecosystems; however, the gendered implications of marine conservation often remain overlooked. This paper takes a feminist political ecology approach to examine intersectional resistance to conservation policies in one of Indonesia’s largest and most populous marine protected areas (MPAs), Wakatobi National Park. We show that current Park policies and management fail to account for the livelihoods and culture of local ethnic minority fishers. In response, and along lines of gender, ethnicity, and class, ethnic minority fishers resist conservation measures in novel ways. Justified by their moral economy, these include continuing to access natural resources surreptitiously, allying with each other, and critiquing authorities. While many fisherwomen face additional barriers due to local cultural gender norms, they resist by pursuing livelihood activities against their husband’s wishes. A key mechanism for this gendered resistance is increased mobility for women, achieved through their clever use of new infrastructure. Concurrently, Park authorities work to regain control through ‘creative enforcement’ by accepting bribes, intimidating locals, and wasting fishers’ time – techniques that further expose class, ethnic, and gendered frictions. Overall, we find that MPA residents use resources differently across intersectional lines and reveal the extent to which everyday resistance can undermine conservation efforts if regulations ignore local needs. We thus stress the need for an intersectional and multi-scalar approach that is contextualized within local communities and wider infrastructures to improve marine conservation research and policy.