Local Construction Companies Research Articles

건설관련 지방공기업(도시개발공사와 기타공사)과 민간건설기업의 발생액 질에 관한 비교연구

본 연구는 지방공기업(도시개발공사와 기타개발공사)과 민간기업 중 건설업을 주 업종으로 하는 기업을 대상으로 양자간의 발생액의 질을 비교 분석한다. 배진철 등(2017)은 도시개발공사의 회계 기본변수가 민간건설사에 비해 미래 이익예측의 정보성이 떨어진다고 보고하였다. 기본변수의 미래이익 예측 정보가 낮다는 것은 경영자가 이익조정행위를 하는 것을 내포한다. 이러한 경영자의 이익조정행위는 회계이익의 질을 낮추며, 발생액의 질 또한 낮을 것이라 예상된다. 수익성이 최우선인 민간기업과 달리 지방공기업의 사업은 수익성과 공공성을 동시에 가지고 있다. 따라서 민간기업과 달리 재무건전성이 다소 좋지 않더라도 심각한 문제로 대두되지 않았다. 반면, 최근 들어 지방공기업의 재정건전성에 대한 사회적인 관심이 높아짐에 따라 행정안전부는 지방공기업의 경영평가를 실시하였다. 지방공기업은 경영평가에 등급에 따라 긍정적으로는 인센티브를 받으며 부정적으로는 등급이 낮을 경우 청산명령을 받기도 한다. 따라서 경영평가 등급은 지방공기업 경영자에게 큰 압박으로 이어질 수 있다. 만약 지방공기업 경영자가 경영평가로부터의 압력이 심해지면 경영평가 등급을 위해 보고되는 회계이익을 조정할 여지가 높고 이러한 행위는 지방공기업 회계정보의 질을 떨어뜨린다. 본 연구는 첫째, 지방공기업(특･광역시 도시개발공사와 일반 시･군의 기타공사)의 회계품질이 민간 건설기업에 비해 낮은지를 살펴보았다. 둘째, 상대적으로 규모가 큰 특･광역시의 도시개발공사와 규모가 작은 일반 시･군의 기타공사의 발생액 질을 비교하여 회계정보의 질에 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지방공기업(도시개발공사와 기타공사)의 발생액 질은 민간건설기업에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 발생액의 질이 낮으면 불확실성과 내재적 위험이 증가하고 이익지속성과 미래예측력은 떨어진다. 이러한 결과로 인해 지방공기업은 민간건설기업보다 회계이익의 질이 낮다는 것을 발견했다. 둘째, 지방공기업을 규모가 큰 특･광역시의 도시개발공사와 규모가 작은 일반 시･군의 기타공사로 분류하여 발생액의 질을 비교해본 결과 양자 간에 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보이지 않았다. 지방공기업의 평가대상인 재무건전도는 보고이익에 기초하여 산출되는데, 이러한 보고이익은 경영자의 재량에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 따라서 보고이익만을 기초로 경영평가를 진행하면 기업 가치와 회계이익의 질을 평가하는 데에는 한계가 존재한다. 그러므로 본 연구는 지방공기업 경영평가의 효율성과 목적성을 강화하기 위해 보고되는 성과뿐만 아니라 회계이익의 질을 함께 고려해야 한다는 점을 제안한다.

Leveraging 3D Technology for Students with Autism: An innovative university-community collaboration for skill development and vocational exploration

This article describes a university-community collaboration in which an inter-professional team partnered to provide students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) a paid job opportunity to apply 3D modelling skills for a local construction company. Providing meaningful vocational opportunities to improve the transition to adulthood for individuals with ASD is imperative, as individuals with ASD have unemployment rates that are some of the highest of all disabilities. This novel evidence-supported educational program was designed to develop 3D technology skills, explore vocational careers and promote social engagement through shared interests for transition-age youth with ASD. Both parents and students reported many successful outcomes, including increase in student self-confidence, social and technology skill development and the opportunity for vocational exploration by these young people. Implications of the case study are reported in relation to university-community partnerships and the critical role of community collaboration in addressing the high rates of unemployment in individuals with autism.

The Success of Local Contractors in The Procurement of Construction Projects in Kendari, South East Sulawesi, Indonesia

This study aims to identify the diverse formulation of the problem related to the success of winning the construction project procurement for local construction company in Kendari. The urgency of this study is to answer the factors that determine the success of local contractors in the construction project procurement process in Kendari. The method used in this study is a statistical analysis method. Dimensions are used to measure success in the procurement of construction projects in this research is the company's experience, equipment and tools, human resources, process control, reputation / achievement contractors, financial, project organization, workplace safety. Dimensions is formulated into 22 variables to be measured. From the findings of research on the variables that influence the success of winning the procurement of construction project in Kendari obtained linear regression models, namelyY = -0,401 + 0,448 X2 + 0,576X14 + 0,273X12. The analysis results obtained from the dominant factors that influence the success of winning the construction procurement namely a kind of work that have been done, the project owner relationship with the contractor, and the methods and strategy implementation and control of the work to be done.

Application of game model for stakeholder management in construction of ecological corridors: A case study on Yangtze River Basin in China

Disasters experienced by most countries are often caused by ecological crises. A worldwide consensus has been reached that building ecological corridors is the breakthrough solution for the phenomena. Developed countries rely on advanced science and technology and highly active social organizations to achieve remarkable results in ecological management. However, ecological management may not be as successful in developing countries because of the lack of development, imperfect social organizations, inadequate public awareness, and insufficient participation in environment-related issues. Ecological management is influenced by the synergy among governments, business enterprises, and the public. The cooperation issues faced by stakeholders in the construction of ecological corridors on Yangtze river basin in China have been rarely explored, and these issues present barriers to the promotion of ecological corridors. Therefore, this study investigates the significance of building ecological corridors along the Yangtze River Basin in China and analyzes the role of the stakeholders, specifically the local governments and construction companies. The Pareto optimality of the project is determined using a game model to ensure controlled and clean operations. This study proposes from the findings that developing countries should strengthen the cooperation among stakeholders, improve and stabilize the construction mechanisms for building ecological corridors, and increase public participation in the project.

Importance of Management and Administrative Ethics on Corporate Success, and Sustainability

This paper is intended to highlight the importance of management and administrative ethics in the inception and sustainability of a profound construction company in the Arab world. Osman Ahmed Osman & Co™ was established in 1947 as a local construction company. The company has gone through 4 pertinent change management phases that shaped and demonstrated its sustainability. It currently exists in 29 countries covering 4 continents with approximately 75 thousand employees (Arab Contractors, 2014). This study hypothesized that management and administrative ethics would lead to success, sustainability, and continuous growth.The research methodology used in this study was a mixed methods approach. A qualitative case study and quantitative survey analyzed the effect of management and administrative ethics on success and sustainability. The findings of this study have been limited to present the continuous growth of the company due to the consistency in applying management and administrative ethics. The study concluded by proposing applying management and administrative ethics to assure the growth and sustainability of any regional or global company.

Proposta de modelo para melhoria de feedback dos projetos de sistemas prediais hidráulicos e sanitários

A assistência técnica das empresas construtoras, ao acumular informações sobre problemas recorrentes após a ocupação de imóveis, serve como uma fonte de aprendizado para empreendimentos posteriores. Assim sendo, iniciou-se um estudo a partir da análise de arquivos em uma construtora cearense, o que mostrou a presença significativa de reparos ligados aos Sistemas Prediais Hidráulicos e Sanitários (SPHS) em detrimento de outros sistemas construtivos. Posteriormente, a partir de observações, de análise de documentos e de entrevistas em três construtoras locais, realizou-se uma análise do fluxo da informação no setor de assistência técnica das construtoras e a comunicação destas com os escritórios de projetos de SPHS. Com isso, constatou-se que a retroalimentação das informações desses projetos ainda não é uma realidade entre as empresas, mas os projetistas gostariam de receber esse feedback sobre a qualidade de seus produtos. Considerando, a partir do estudo realizado, que as empresas precisam de maior gerenciamento para conseguir reutilizar as informações oriundas do setor de assistência técnica, foi proposto um modelo com uma sequência de passos para a criação de diretrizes de projetos embasadas na coleta organizada de dados nesse setor.

A Lessons-learned System for Construction Project Management: A Preliminary Application

Construction companies are project-based organizations, since much of their knowledge is generated on site, from projects they carry out. In fact, projects are an important source of expert know-how and organizational knowledge, but lessons-learned from them are not systematically incorporated into subsequent projects, evidencing a lack of knowledge management and learning culture in local construction companies. This article describes a research effort that addressed this situation and developed a lessons-learned system to help construction companies to overcome these limitations. A multiple case-study methodology was applied to understand the knowledge and learning realities and needs of three Chilean construction companies. Based on these results, a mobile cloud-shared workspace to support knowledge management was developed. Results show that major concerns of users are associated with how the system acknowledges the particularities of construction projects and how it will be incorporated into daily activities. Main conclusions indicate that (1) companies acknowledge the need to develop a culture of innovation within the organization, (2) users consider the system as a tool that could really contribute to improve the construction project management process, and (3) the system needs improvements regarding database search and the Internet support before being fully implemented in the company as a project management tool.

Ergonomic Evaluation of Scaffold Building

The present study evaluated the ergonomic hazards that are associated with scaffold building/erecting for one of the local construction companies and proposed recommendations for solution/control measures to mitigate those hazards. Ergonomic hazards were identified based on field observation and conversation with workers, superintendents/foremen, and managers. REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) was used to estimate the risks of entire-body injuries and disorders. Building/erecting scaffolds requires lifting/carrying heavy and bulky materials, awkward postures (e.g., reaching and holding overhead, and kneeling on the scaffolds), and repetitive motions (e.g., hammering the cuplocks). Exposure to these hazards lead to a high risk of musculoskeletal injuries and disorders, especially to the back and shoulder, for scaffold builders. Discussion among the researcher and the pertinent personnel of the company was made during presentation of the research findings, so recommendations for control measures could be better communicated. The recommendations include, but are not limited to: installing scaffold hoist pulley system or other hoist assistance systems, training provided to all field personnel on ergonomics of scaffold building/erecting, proper work-rest scheduling, and workplace stretching program.

Effect of Fine Materials on the Compressive Strength and Workability of Concrete

This paper studies the effect of different ratios of clay addition on the concrete properties. Most of the standards limit the ratio of the clay in aggregates due to its harmful effect on the concrete properties. For example, ASTM C33 limits the fine contents in fine aggregate to 5% whereas the ratio of clay lumps is limited to 0.5% as deleterious substances included in the fine materials as very fine substances .This study has considered many ratios of clay addition(0%,2%,3%,4% and 5%) of the total aggregate weight to the concrete mixes and observed the governed values of compressive strengths and workability. A series of cube groups were fabricated with different water-cement ratios (0.45,0.5 and 0.55) and different mix ratios(1:1:2,1:1.5:3 and 1:2:4).It is seen that as the ratio of clay increases, slump decreases; therefore, more water will be needed to reach a reasonable workability while the compressive strength is severely affected in high ratios of clay existence. There is no effect of age on the ratio of strength decrease when a high ratio of clay is added or existed. The strength will decrease by about 33% if a 5% of clay is available in fine material. This study has come as a result of investigating the reasons behind the continuous deterioration in concrete cubes that came to the laboratory for the aim of testing through local construction companies and contractors who are working in most of projects all over the middle region governorates in Iraq.

Implementation of Risk Management in the Malaysian Construction Industry

Risk and uncertainty constantly plagued construction industry compared with other business activities due to its characteristics of complexity, dynamic and time consuming. As risk management is predicting the unpredictable, it is one of the most vital management tools to cope with project risks and uncertainties. Risk management is important to create values to a project and improve project performance in term of cost, time and quality. However, systematic risk management is not implemented in most of the existing construction companies in Malaysia. This situation leads to project failure such as cost overrun, schedule slip and poor quality performance. This article focuses on the implementation of risk management in Malaysian construction industry and attempt to establish the relationship between risk management and project performance. The data were obtained from desk works, followed by semi-structured interviews involved risk management personnel from 3 selected local construction companies. Findings concluded that risk management practices in Malaysian construction companies were relatively low and lack of standardisation. However, there were little evidence shows that project performance improved by implementing risk management exercise. Keywords: risk management; Malaysia; project performance

Application of non-destructive geomatic techniques and FDTD modeling to metrical analysis of stone blocks in a masonry wall

Ground-penetrating radar is a non-destructive geophysical technology that provides quantitative information about the subsurface structures. This technology shows many applications in the civil engineering field where its implementation is becoming very important.This work shows the validation of the geometric measurements performed using ground-penetrating radar by means of the precise geometric information provided by laser scanning (ground truth). Field work was done in a masonry wall provided by a local construction company. A total of 16 stone blocks were studied and the average of the accuracy values range between the 8.5% (horizontal) and 2.8% (vertical). The diffraction patterns produced by scattering events at the ashlar blocks made difficult to identify the edges of the blocks and, therefore, affected to the lower accuracy of the horizontal measurements. The finite-difference time-domain modeling was used to analyze the complex pattern of reflections obtained. The synthetic models were built from the orthoimage provided by laser scanning, and the results obtained confirmed the interpretation of the field data used for the accuracy study. In addition, a numerical test was performed including mortar inside the block joints instead of air. No differences in the interpretability were achieved.

국내 건설기업 경영성과의 핵심성과지표 도출에 관한 연구

기업 활동에 있어 성과측정은 경영성과의 평가, 인적 자원의 관리 및 전략이행의 중요한 도구로 사용된다. 기업의 경영성과 측정은 당기 순이익, 투자수익률, 자기자본 이익률과 같이 단순히 재무적 관점에서 측정할 수 있으나 기업의 내부프로세스나 정보화와 같은 재무외적 성과를 측정할 수 없어 부족함이 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내의 시공능력순위 30위 이내의 건설기업에 적용 가능한 핵심 성과지표(KPI:Key Performance Indicators)를 도출하였으며, 기존의 연구와 기업 전문가의 설문을 반영하여 보다 현실적인 기업의 경영을 반영하며 기존의 연구와 차별된 결과를 도출하였다. Business performance measurement is used as an important tool to evaluate management performance, control human resources, and implement strategies. It can be measured simply in terms of finance including net profit, return on investment, and return on equity, but this is not sufficient because the performance outside of finance such as internal business process and informatization cannot be examined. Therefore this study defined a KPI(Key Performance Indicators) applicable to local construction companies ranked in the top 30 in construction capability, and also introduced differentiated results from the earlier studies by reflecting more realistic corporate management based on the existing studies and interviews with business experts.

Trades apprentice safety team challenge

The film provides an overview of an annual practical safety competition – the Taranaki Trades Apprentice Challenge – aimed at construction trades apprentices in Taranaki. It includes film of the...

Selection of an ERP system for a construction firm in Taiwan: A case study

The primary functions of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) are to integrate the inter-departmental operation procedures and Management Information System (MIS) modules, and to reallocate the resources of a company. How to successfully implement an ERP system in an organization is always a hot research topic for researchers as well as a pending problem for an organization that wants to implement it. This research is a case study on the selection of system suppliers and contract negotiation during the ERP implementation of a local construction company in Taiwan. After reviewing the common key success factors discussed in the literature, this study discussed seven issues: coding system, working process reengineering, priority of ERP functionality implementation, customization, participant roles, consultant role and performance level of subcontractor, which also affected the implementation. Lessons learned from the case study in discussed seven issues are valuable for a construction company in deciding to implement an ERP system. This research suggests that additional case studies are necessary for the successful application of ERP systems in the construction industry.

Potential for international business consultancies in wastewater treatment in China

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the business potential for international consultancies in wastewater treatment in China using a New Zealand consultancy as an example. China's water shortage, and the requirement for innovative solutions, provides the potential for New Zealand, and other international, engineering consultancies to do business in wastewater treatment in China.Design/methodology/approachA detailed case study was undertaken on a New Zealand company with experience of business in China. The company's key strategic factors were identified – its own strengths and weaknesses, as well as the external opportunities and threats that the company faces in China.FindingsBased on the analysis of the case study company, a series of recommendations have been suggested for both the company's further sustainable development, and for other New Zealand and international consultancies that plan to gain access into the Chinese market. The results and discussion suggest that there are some main requirements for companies to successfully compete in the Chinese market such as developing close relationships with clients, local construction companies and design institutes; providing an effective onsite project team; having effective design capability; introducing project management skills and the use of a “one stop shop” approach to business.Practical implicationsThe paper makes recommendations on how other companies might be able to compete in the Chinese market in the wastewater industry. Specifically, comments are made on developing long‐term relationships, making use of Chinese experience and developing a bi‐lingual capability.Originality/valueThere are potential opportunities for New Zealand and international companies to compete in China in the wastewater treatment field. The lessons learned from this research show what possible threats they will face but also highlight the opportunities.

Development for Educational Program including Budgeting, Cost and Time Managements through IT Based Approach

Nippon Bunri University (NBU) has established “ Oita construction information management seminar” last year to bring up young civil engineers with IT skill. This organization is incooperation with the local construction company which introduces IT management strategy actively. Our main purposes are to develop an educational program including the budgeting, the cost and the time managements through IT based approach, and to educate college and high school students using this program, which belong to the department of civil engineering. This note introduces the efforts of this seminar and proposes an idea to develop the educational program that students are able to understand a relation between construction field and construction management through IT skill.

소규모 프로젝트의 효율적인 공사관리방안

A construction project's period is limited by the order manufacture. And a construction project is requested a specific place, and has the characteristic to be irregular. Today, construction is to be representative high-cost and low-efficiency. This kind of problems appears in small construction projects more often than large construction projects. According to this facts, we recognized necessity of making practical application in methods of construction management. Also, we suggest application and establishment of integrated responsibility management department, PMIS(Project Management Information System) and Data Base. From now on, methods of construction management could be good opportunities for small construction projects and local construction companies. Therefore, small and local construction companies should try to improve their abilities. Likewise, the countries systematize to constitute the relation laws.

Attempt at Technical Discussions of Construction Project by a Branch of Kanto Chapter of JSCE

Recently, in order to get quality of public constructions, total quality management by coordination with local govemment agencies, construction companies and construction consultants is required. But it is hard for them to coordinate each other in existing circumstances. Consequently, Yamanashi Branch of Kanto Chapter of JSCE held technical discussions of construction project, in which the members who belong to local government agencies, construction companies and construction consultants participate.In this paper, we describe the outline of the technical discussions, the problems and the action assignment derived from the opinions of the technical discussions.

Estimating Labor Productivity Using Probability Inference Neural Network

This paper discusses the derivation of a probabilistic neural network classification model and its application in the construction industry. The probability inference neural network (PINN) model is based on the same concepts as those of the learning vector quantization method combined with a probabilistic approach. The classification and prediction networks are combined in an integrated network, which required the development of a different training and recall algorithm. The topology and algorithm of the developed model was presented and explained in detail. Portable computer software was developed to implement the training, testing, and recall for PINN. The PINN was tested on real historical productivity data at a local construction company and compared to the classic feedforward back-propagation neural network model. This showed marked improvement in performance and accuracy. In addition, the effectiveness of PINN for estimating labor production rates in the context of the application domain was validat...

Factors influencing the total mercury and methyl mercury in the hair of the fishermen of Kuwait

Total and methyl mercury (MeHg) levels in the hair of fishermen are described anticipating that they represent the critical group for dietary exposure. One-hundred human hair samples were collected from fishermen (Egyptians: age range 25–60), living in Doha Fishing Village, Kuwait. Thirty-five additional samples were taken from a control group working in a local construction company (age range 26–35). Overall mean concentrations in the hair of the population of fishermen are 4.181±3.220 and 4.025±3.130 μg g −1 for total and MeHg, respectively. The equivalent values for the control are 2.617±1.404 and 2.556±1.391 μg g −1 for total and MeHg, respectively. MeHg concentrations are strongly correlated to those of total Hg ( r=0.999, p<0.00005) and MeHg concentrations in human hair are unrelated to age and duration of residence in Kuwait but show a positive correlation with the quantity of fish consumed. Levels of Hg in hair also show a tendency to increase in those who prefer to eat the entire fish, including the heads. In general, the concentrations of total and MeHg in fishermens' hair are twice the WHO ‘normal’ level (2.0 μg g −1) but are still less than the WHO threshold level (10.0 μg g −1). The results also show that grey hair contains undetectable amounts of Hg and therefore does not reflect individual exposure to this contaminant.