Local Area Network Research Articles

Student Activity in Local Area Network (LAN) Installation

<em>The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the Direct Instruction learning model to students’ activeness in Local Area Network (LAN) installations in class X TKJ of SMKN 2 Central Bengkulu. The method used in this research was the descriptive qualitative method. Research on the implementation of the direct instruction learning model to students’ activeness in class X TKJ of SMKN 2 Central Bengkulu, totalling 25 students. Data collection techniques used were observation, interview, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this research uses interviews and direct observations that can be combined. The results showed the implementation of the direct instruction learning model to students’ activeness in Local Area Network (LAN) installations is implemented by researchers in well-structured stages. Includes orientation, presentation, structured practice, and independent practice. Students’ activeness in the learning process went well and active participation was seen when the researcher applied the direct instruction learning model, as evidenced by the observation sheet of students’ activeness from the 12 elements in the 4 assessment indicators that had been filled in by observers with the results obtained namely that 9 element indicators were 75% while for the other 3 indicator elements it is 25%.</em>

Performance analysis of the dual-band trapezoidal antenna array for ultra-wideband application

Designing a wireless transmission system with high data rates, high fidelity, and small size is a tough undertaking that has become more popular in the digital age. One of the most important components of wireless communication systems, such as wireless LANs, mobile WIMAX, and Bluetooth devices, is the design of an efficient antenna system. The new circular slot Trapezoidal patch antenna array, which operates in the ultra wide band frequency range of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz, is introduced in this study. The FR4 substrate on which the antenna system is built has a dielectric constant of 4.4. The CST microwave studio suite is used to develop and analyze the performance of the compact structure patch antenna array. Antenna performance is examined in the frequency range of 2 GHz to 5 GHz. Antenna array resonance frequency is 3.1 GHz. By inserting a quarter wave line between the SMA connection and the micro stripline, 50 ohm impedance matching may be achieved. In comparison to previous studies, the intended antenna array has a minimum VSWR of 1.18, a maximum radiation efficiency of ?4.842 dB, and a directivity of 8.645 dBi. Using network analyzer, the test and simulation data were analyzed. The intended use of the antenna array system is for biomedical imaging and body area networks. Abbreviations: UWB: ultra wideband; EMI: electromagnetic interference; MIMO: multiple input multiple output; WLAN: wireless local area network; VSWR: voltage standing wave ratio; AVA: antipodal vivaldi antenna; DGS: defected ground structure; RF: radio frequency.

Comparative Analysis of Network Development Local Area Network (LAN) Fiber Optical Cable with Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cat 6 Cable at SMK Negeri 2 Tasikmalaya

The LAN Network at SMK Negeri 2 Tasikmalaya previously used media UTP Cat5e network with poor performance due to bandwidth UTP Cat5e is only 200 Mb/s, therefore the school choose to replace it network media with fiber optics, with a bandwidth that can reach 1 Gb/s. On the other there is still UTP Cat6 with the same bandwidth of 1Gb/s at a cost installation is lower than fiber optic network installation. Data collection on performance is carried out using the Quality of Service (QoS) approach with the parameters measured, namely Delay, Jitter, Packet loss and Throughput using Wireshark software. Performance of fiber optic and UTP Cat6 networks at SMK Negeri 2 Tasikmalaya in categorize “Good” according to Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Hormonization Over Network (TIPHON) standards. Test results from optical fiber obtained a delay of 2.58 ms, jitter of 2.38 ms, packet loss of 0.254 and throughput of 805.92 Mbps. The test results of the UTP Cat6 cable were obtained delay of 5.59 ms, jitter of 5.21 ms, packet loss of 0.559 and throughput of 623.73 Mbps.

On optimization of resource allocation for LTE aided by WLAN networks with unlicensed frequency bands in internet of vehicles

AbstractDue to the explosive growth of communication devices and vehicles, the ever‐increasing communication data traffic is a challenge for mobile communication in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). A practical solution is to offload the traffic from cellular networks to Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), that is, WiFi, where the spectrum is license‐free. However, the coordination of unlicensed spectrum severely reduces the utilization rate on the spectrum. In this case, unlicensed networks assisted access is proposed to facilitate long‐term evolution technology in unlicensed spectrum (LTE‐U). To improve the data rate for LTE‐U and WLAN users, an allocation optimization scheme for the resources of the licensed and unlicensed spectrum is proposed. Accordingly, the data rate of LTE‐U users and WLAN users can be maximized by adjusting the transmit power and the frequency occupancy time ratio of the unlicensed spectrum for the small cell and WLAN users. Numerical results show that the proposed hybrid LTE networks with WLAN can improve the communication efficiency for the served users.

A Novel Adaptive Indoor Positioning Using Mobile Devices with Wireless Local Area Networks

In this paper, mobile devices were used to estimate the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of wireless channels with three wireless access points (APs). Using the RSSI, the path loss exponent (PLE) was adapted to calculate the estimated distance among the test points (TPs) and the APs, through the root mean square error (RMSE). Moreover, in this paper, the proposed adaptive PLE (APLE) of the TPs was obtained by minimizing the positioning errors of the PLEs. The training samples of RSSI were measured by TPs for 6 days, and different surge processing methods were used to obtain APLE and to improve the positioning accuracy. The surge signals of RSSI were reduced by the cumulated distribution function (CDF), hybrid Kalman filter (KF), and threshold filtering methods, integrating training samples and APLE. The experimental results show that with the proposed APLE, the position accuracy can be improved by 50% compared to the free space model for six TPs. Finally, dynamic real-time indoor positioning was performed and measured for the performance evaluation of the proposed APLE models. The experimental results show that, the minimum dynamic real-time positioning error can be improved to 0.88 m in a straight-line case with the hybrid method. Moreover, the average positioning error of dynamic real-time indoor positioning can be reduced to 1.15 m using the four methods with the proposed APLE.

A Survey on ARP Poisoning

This paper's primary goal is to examine the detection and mechanism of ARP spoofing. One may argue that the Address Resolution Protocol, or ARP for simple terms, is crucial to computer science and forensics. ARP spoofing is one of the various computers hacking techniques used nowadays by individuals to transmit phony ARP packets across a Local Area Network (LAN). Such attacks might lead to changes in traffic patterns or, worse yet, a temporary or permanent stoppage of traffic. Even though this attack is only possible on networks with Address Resolution Protocols, ARP spoofing can be a precursor to more dangerous assaults that have the potential to do considerably more harm. An attacker seeking to launch this sort of attack will search for the Address Resolution Protocol's vulnerabilities. He may, for instance, be trying to take advantage of flaws like the message's inability to properly verify the sender. Because of this, hackers may find it very simple to alter or steal users' data. Because ARP spoofing poses a genuine risk to the security of every user on the network, all appropriate precautions must be taken to minimize harm.

Electric near-field scanning for electronic PCB electromagnetic radiation measurement

This paper introduces a design and test of an electric (E) near-field scanning (NFS) system by using innovative 4-layer miniature probe for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) application. The probe works in the challenging frequency band up to 12 GHz with spatial resolution lower than 2 mm. The NFS is designed to operate by automation based on PC driven by LabVIEW® interface controlling a vector network analyzer (VNA). The PC communicates with the VNA through the local area network to read and save the measured data emitted by the device under test (DUT). The LabVIEW® interface is designed to control the E-NF positioning motion core by means of STM32® microcontroller. A stepper motor is used to move the E-NF probe along the scanning surface plan. Finally, the NFS is validated by visualizing the E-NF intensity maps generated in real time after calibration with a reference device under test represented by microstrip line and a microwave circuit.

Achieving the Rewards of Smart Agriculture

From connected sensors in soils, on animals or crops, and on drones, to various software and services that are available, “smart” technologies are changing the way farming is carried out. These technologies allow producers to look beyond what the eye can see by collecting non-traditional data and then using analytics tools to improve both food sustainability and profitability. “Smart Agriculture/farming” (SA) or “Digital Agriculture” (DA), often used interchangeably, refer to precision agriculture that is thus connected in a network of sensing and acting. It is a concept that employs modern information technologies, precision climate information, and crop/livestock developmental information to connect production variables to increase the quantity and quality of agricultural and food products. This is achieved by measuring and analyzing variables accurately, feeding the information into the cloud from edge devices, extracting trends from the various data, and subsequently providing information back to the producer in a timely manner. Smart agriculture covers many disciplines, including biology, mechanical engineering, automation, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and information technology-digital platforms. Minimum standards have been proposed for stakeholders with the aim to move toward this highly anticipated and ever-changing revolution. These foundational standards encompass the following general categories, including precise articulation of objectives, and baseline standards for the Internet of Things (IoT), including network infrastructure (e.g., stable 4G or 5G networks or a wireless local area network (WLAN) are available to end users). To sum up, SA aims to improve production efficiency, enhance the quality and quantity of agricultural products, reduce costs, and improve the environmental footprint of the industry. SA’s ecosystem should be industry self-governed and collaboratively financed. SA stakeholders and end-users’ facilities should meet standard equipment requirements, such as sensor accuracy, end data collectors, relevant industry compliant software, and trusted data analytics. The SA user is willing to be part of the SA ecosystem. This short perspective aims to summarize digital/smart agriculture concept in plain language.

Analysis of multimedia network data security based on routing algorithm

In today’s society, the application of multimedia data is increasing, and the accompanying data security is also an important issue. This paper will analyze the data security of multimedia network based on routing algorithm. The advantages of wireless local area networks (WLAN) and ad hoc networks are combined in wireless mesh networks (WMNs), which have steadily grown to be a reliable method of wireless broadband access. The application of multi RF and multi-channel technology improves the performance of WMN. However, the limitation that includes the number of wireless network interface cards and channels in the network, results in the great challenges ofrouting and channel allocation in multi RF and multi-channel WMN. Based on AODV algorithm, this paper proposes a new cross layer routing algorithm which is JRCA-AODV algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate that the JRCA-AODValgorithm can successfully increase multiRF multi-channel WMN throughput while lowering packet loss rate and network delay. Take the packet rate of 8 Mbps as an example, the network throughput based on JRCA-AODV algorithm is 1.14 times that of MRMC-AODV algorithm, the packet loss rate based on JRCA-AODV algorithm is 14.06% lower than that of MRMC-AODV algorithm, and the network time delay based on JRCA-AODV algorithm is 14.27% lower than that of MRMC-AODV algorithm. At the same time, JRCA-AODV algorithm can effectively reduce the probability of data loss caused by the competitive and shared access mechanism of the channel, improve the success rate of data transmission, thus reduce the probability of data eavesdropping and tampering in the process of repeated transmission, and improve the security of multimedia network data.This will provide a new direction for promoting the idea of multimedia data security.

Smart Bracelet Design and Function Improvement

With the increasing development and popularity of smart wearable devices, smart bracelets have become one of the hottest smart devices today. Through a comparative analysis of existing products, this paper proposes improvement strategies in the three main directions of UI and module design, security, and handling of health issues to provide a product that is easier to use and meets the health needs of the elderly. For the direction of UI and module design, it is proposed to add the gesture recognition function and develop it in the direction of non-contact recognition based on the existing technology, and at the same time, use machine learning to achieve personalized recognition. Based on personalized module design, a GPS tracking device is installed to prevent users from being tracked, and a new network module is added to enable users to get in touch with others at a time when they encounter danger in remote areas. Improvement strategies in the security direction include data transmission, storage, and device security. The smart bracelet can use trusted computing for data encryption and storage by adding low-power core and optimizing the data transmission in three paths: local area network (LAN), public network (PN), and the cloud.Regarding health problem processing, it is proposed to achieve fall prevention through scene recognition and optimize the fall detection function through user information. In addition, this paper takes UV irradiation as an example to point out that smart bracelet devices can be added with new indicator detection technology to prevent some diseases. At the same time, a full voice interaction system can be developed to meet the social needs of the elderly.

Design and Analysis of a Quad-Band Antenna for IoT and Wearable RFID Applications

The role of antennas in wireless communication is critical for enabling efficient signal transmission and reception across various frequency bands, including those associated with IoT (Internet of Things), X-band, S-band, and RFID (radio-frequency identification) systems. This paper presents a small quadruple-band antenna with 25 × 40 × 1.5 mm3 dimensions designed for diverse wireless applications. It is adept at operating in the S-band (2.2 GHz), wireless local area network (WLAN) (5.7 GHz), microwave RFID frequency band (5.8 GHz), and X-band (7.7 GHz and 8.3 GHz). While the majority of existing research focuses on antennas covering two or three bands, our work stands out by achieving quad-band operation in the proposed antenna design. This antenna is constructed on a semiflexible Rogers RT5880 substrate, making it well-suited for wearable applications. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave studio (2019) simulation package software is chosen for design and analysis. The antenna design features a comb-shaped radiating structure, where each “tooth” is responsible for resonating at a distinct frequency with an appropriate bandwidth. The antenna retains stability in both free space and on-body wearability scenarios. It achieves a low specific absorption rate (SAR), meeting wearable criteria with SAR values below 1.6 W/Kg for all resonating frequencies. The proposed antenna demonstrates suitable radiation efficiency, reaching a maximum of 82.6% and a peak gain of 6.3 dBi. It exhibits a bidirectional pattern in the elevation plane and omnidirectional behavior in the azimuth plane. The antenna finds applications across multiple frequencies and shows close agreement between simulated and measured results, validating its effectiveness.

IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS: CREATING AN INTELLIGENT COMPUTER SCIENCE CLASSROOM AT THE UNIVERSITY

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the issues related to the creation of "smart" computer science classrooms based on microelectronics in higher education institutions. A "smart" computer science classroom is a fully automated educational environment that operates in three modes: "standard", "automatic" and "automatic energy saving". The smart classroom can be controlled using smartphones, personal computers, and remote controls. The "smart" cabinet, designed for computer science, is equipped with a number of sensors, electronic parts and indicators based on ArduinoUNO, MEGA and ESP8266- 12E WiFi modules. Built-in sensors and indicators of the smart office measure the microclimate in the office and classroom, and display information for demonstrations and laboratory work. The office consists of three modules: "Information", "Executive" and "Demonstration", which are controlled by an ATMEL microcontroller. The Demonstration module is designed to easily and quickly connect various sensors and components to solderless boards. It uses the open Arduino programming platform. Smart sensors can be used in computer science classrooms to monitor variable environmental parameters both indoors and outdoors (such as temperature, humidity, pressure, light level, carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere). In addition, you can remotely control peripheral devices such as TVs, projectors, lamps, electrical outlets, and curtains. All three modules are integrated into a wireless local area network using a star topology for radio communication between the modules. The main components of the system are executive modules that have access to the Internet, hardware, technology, and software tools. The use of the technical base in a higher education institution involves the creation of "smart" computer science classrooms for higher education institutions.

VoWiFi Cell Capacity Evaluation using WiFi 7 considering VBR Traffic

Deployment for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology is experiencing substantial growth. The transmission of Voice over WiFi (VoWiFi) is half-duplex due to its single-talk nature. In order to mitigate the inefficient utilization of available bandwidth, the technique of silent suppression is employed. This feature decreases the level of ambient noise and provides Variable Bit Rate (VBR) communication. To enhance the VoWiFi cell capacity, we utilized VBR traffic instead of Constant Bit Rate (CBR) traffic. In this study, we developed a mathematical model to find the number of VoWiFi users possible within a WLAN Access Point (AP) considering G.729 vocoder. Arbitration inter-frame space (AIFS) has been utilized in our study to evaluate the channel state prior to transmitting real-time data between user equipment (UE) devices. Additionally, short inter-frame spacing (SIFS) has been employed to transmit Request To Send (RTS)/Clear To Send (CTS) and Acknowledgement (ACK) frames, enabling an examination of the VoWiFi cell capacity. Again, to increase the VoWiFi cell capacity, we incorporated the compressed RTP (cRTP) protocol. Further, we conducted an analysis on the impact of retransmission on VoWiFi cell capacity. This analysis involved a comparison of the results using VBR traffic with the previous WLAN standards, namely IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac/ax. We observed that the improvement in VoWiFi cell capacity in VBR traffic is approximately 2.6 times more than the CBR traffic. Further, our research revealed that the enhancement in VoWiFi cell capacity is approximately 1.5% higher when utilizing AIFS compared to Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) inter-frame spacing (DIFS).

Liner multimode fibers with high distributed optical amplification system based high efficient quadrature modulation system for reliable high capacity local area network

Abstract This paper clarified the liner multimode fibers with high optical amplification system based high efficient quadrature modulation system for high capacity local area optical networks. The clarified the lighted QPSK transmitter system based linear multimode fiber profile is clarified under modal bandwidth effects. The optimum power variations are studied with spectral base band wavelength variations for various modal bandwidths based linear multimode fiber. Optimum power is clarified with time variations for various modal bandwidths based linear multimode fiber. Total power for 1500 and 1700 MHz km modal bandwidth is demonstrated based linear multimode fiber. The Max-Min signal base band amplitude based QAM pulse generator is clarified after photo-detector by using electrical constellation visualizer. The optimum Q Factor form with Min BER is demonstrated after photo-detector for 1300, 1500, and 1700 MHz km modal bandwidth based linear multimode fiber. The base band lighted SNR is clarified and simulated with the modal bandwidth variations based linear multimode fiber. Optimum Q form factor through photo-detector is demonstrated with the modal bandwidth variations based linear multimode fiber. The electrical SNR through photo-detector is studied and simulated with the modal bandwidth variations based linear multimode fiber.

Compact microstrip patch antenna loaded with Artificial Transmission Line for wireless applications

ABSTRACT This article presents an efficient yet simple spiral antenna design methodology for 2.44 GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. In the suggested design, the antenna’s radiating section is redesigned with a particular Artificial Transmission Line (ATL) construction that allows for good downsizing. Circuit analysis and electromagnetic solver are used to verify the design, which demonstrate good agreement with the measured results. The electromagnetic simulation and passive component analysis reveal that the new design matches the traditional designs in terms of frequency tuning and size reduction. The overall footprint of the proposed ATL design is (33 × 25 × 1.6) mm3 which equals to 0.2684λ×0.2033λ×0.013λ, where λ is the distance travelled by the wave per cycle at the operating frequency of 2.44 GHz. The antenna has a gain of 3.8dBi and a 50Ω impedance. Modifying the interdigital capacitance and inductance used in the ATL structure to achieve a longer electrical length of the line can also improve the wave guide mode of excitation. As a result, the phase constant is regulated, allowing for good antenna size minimisation. The effect of interdigital inductance and capacitance on the operating bands is also analysed.

OPTIMASI INFRASTRUKTUR JARINGAN VLAN TRUNKING PROTOCOL MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI PACKET TRACER PADA PT. RUKUN SEJAHTERA TEKNIK

Modern companies with many floors and rooms need computer network technology to support operational activities. The computer network at PT Rukun Sejahtera Teknik often causes data transmission failures and unstable computer network systems that cause network performance to fall and become unresponsive. the purpose of this research is to design a Virtual Local Area Network using the VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) method and Packet Tracer Simulation to improve network performance and limit the access rights of each user. The type of this research is qualitative with field study methods by conducting observations for two weeks. Observations include the existing Local Area Network (LAN) network and the problem of slow data transmission on the existing network. The results of testing the network design with the configuration of the VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) server and client mode, show that the switch configured in VTP client mode cannot add and change the VLAN that has been set. The ping test results show that computers in each room cannot access networks outside of different VLAN networks. It proves that the network design is as planned and running well.

A Folded Cascode CMOS Low Noise Amplifier with Transformer Feedback

This study proposes a folded cascode CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) with transformer feedback, implemented using a 0.13-μm CMOS process for wireless local area network front-end module applications. Compared to a conventional cascode inductive source degeneration LNA (ISDLNA), the folded cascode ISDLNA significantly improved the input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3) as well as the 1-dB compression point (P1dB) by ensuring a large voltage headroom. Furthermore, the designed LNA also achieved a low noise figure (NF), while also saving the silicon area by magnetically coupling the source and folding inductors. When tested experimentally, the proposed LNA showed an S21 of 11.0 dB and an NF of 2.6 dB, while achieving an <i>S</i><sub>11</sub> of -7 dB at the operating frequency of 2.4 GHz. The measured input P1dB and IIP3 were -5.6 dBm and +2.5 dBm, respectively. The power dissipation was 9.6 mW from a 1.2-V supply voltage.

Simulation of local area network (LAN) computer network using cisco packet tracer at SMP Negeri 1 Grabagan

Computer network, especially together with information technology, are now considered fundamental in all fields. A company’s information technology infrastructure is a strategic resource that must be handled effectively. Information technology infrastructure provides continuous processing and flow of information throughout the organization. A computer network that links machines is called a local area network over short distances among two or more places. To keep the network infrastructure functioning properly network security is very important. Cisco packet tracer is one of the tools used in simulations to setup network security. To build a computer network, procedures related to the network area required. Local Area Network (LAN) is an abbreviation off Local Area Network. LAN consist of several computers connected in a network. In this network, each computer can accsess data from other computers. Additionally, computers can access data from other computers. Apart from that, computers connected to LAN can also run hardware such as printers from other computers, chat with other computer ownerm or play games together. Network simulations on cisco system Local Area Network (LAN) computers using cisco packet treacer is a program for imulatinng network device, the program is used as a learning and training tool.

Development of Switchable Transformer Research at University of South Australia

This paper describes research development focusing on the designs of switchable transformers and their control system at University of South Australia. Research development of switchable transformer has become one of the major research interests in school of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of South Australia since year 2000. Research in this area has been carried out through undergraduate to post graduate studies. Several transformer designs, starting from the rating of 1kVA to 10kVA, have been introduced. Testing results from the designs have shown the improvement of the transformer efficiency during low or high loads. As the switchable transformers utilize several switching devices that need to be synchronously controlled, research on the development of the switchable transformer control systems has also been carried out. Now, in this school, a study of utilizing controller area network (CAN) as media to integrate modules in the control system is done. The study also focused on the remote monitoring and control system of the switchable transformer through a local area network (LAN).

An APN Authentication Model for a Secure Enterprise Wireless Local Area Network

An APN Authentication Model for a Secure Enterprise Wireless Local Area Network