Pyogenic Granuloma Research Articles

Pyogenic Granuloma in Kidney Transplant Recipient

Objectives: This manuscript describes a clinical case of pyogenic granuloma with atypical presentation and evolution, and outlines a brief bibliographic review on the nosological entity. Introduction: Pyogenic granuloma is a common benign skin lesion, usually small, with some more common locations and predominance in females in adulthood. It has a correlation with trauma and medications. Its pathophysiology is in the initial stages of understanding. The typical histopathological alteration is a lobular arrangement of capillaries at the base. Treatment is surgical, with a low recurrence rate; there are non-surgical alternatives. Case report: We report a case of a 25-years-old renal transplant patient who develops a giant Pyogenic granuloma in the right forearm after a mild trauma, 2 years after transplantation from a deceased donor. He performs successive surgical excisions, with several recurrences, which disappeared only after discontinuation of tacrolimus and radiotherapy. The peculiarities of this case are: post-kidney transplant status, large size, recurrences after surgery and radiotherapy.. Conclusions: A patient with pyogenic granuloma, with atypical evolution, had a favorable outcome after identification and removal of a causative factor and alternative therapy. However, this report has limited potential for generalization. There are few publications of case series involving unusual situations, in addition do the involvement of the oral mucosa, paraungual/subungual regions and cases in pregnant women. Radiotherapy is a poorly performed intervention, which can be of value in refractory cases. Further studies are needed to achieve a greater understanding of this pathology and to describe treatment alternatives.

Mandibular Gingival Pyogenic Granuloma Spreading to Chin Region: a Case Report

Vascular lesions tumors at the maxillo-facial area could be divided into malformations and tumors. Furthermore, vascular tumors are separated into malignant and benign tumors. Benign vascular tumor such as pyogenic granuloma usually only manifests at the gingiva or oral mucosa region. Few studies have reported extensive-sized facial pyogenic granuloma. This case reports a substantial pyogenic granuloma from the mandibular gingiva down to the chin region. In this case report, we presented a 25-year-old female patient with mastication and esthetic disturbance due to a vascular tumor in her mandibular region. Through thorough examination, a benign vascular lesion was diagnosed pre-operatively. The patient was treated with excisional biopsy and primary closure under general anaesthesia followed by anatomical pathology examination with the result of pyogenic granuloma, resulting in satisfying functional and esthetical outcomes. Patients with vascular lesions need well-executed diagnoses and treatment to achieve favourable anatomic and functional outcomes and preserve their quality of life.

Pyogenic granuloma in children: treatment

Pyogenic granuloma in children: treatment

Oral Pyogenic Granuloma: A Narrative Review

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign vascular lesion found predominantly in the oral cavity. Characterized by rapid growth and propensity to bleed, PG presents diagnostic challenges due to its similarity and alarming proliferation. This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management of oral PG, with emphasis on recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The epidemiology of the injury is meticulously analyzed, revealing a higher incidence in women and a wide range of ages of onset. It delves into the etiopathogenesis, highlighting the uncertainty surrounding the exact causal factors, although historical attributions suggest an infectious origin. It exhaustively analyzes the clinical and histopathological aspects of oral PG, offering information on its various presentations and the importance of an accurate diagnosis to guide effective treatment. It details treatment strategies, emphasizing the personalized approach based on individual patient characteristics. This comprehensive review consolidates current knowledge on oral PG, highlighting the need for further research to clarify its pathogenesis and optimize treatment protocols.

Pyogenic Granuloma After Treatment of Port-Wine Stain With Hemoporfin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy.

Pyogenic Granuloma After Treatment of Port-Wine Stain With Hemoporfin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy.

Intravascular lobular capillary haemangioma of the external jugular vein

AbstractA case of non‐thrombotic intravascular pathology of the external jugular vein. The patient presented with a 5‐week history of a pain‐less lump on the right side of the neck. There was no history of trauma or associated signs or symptoms. Ultrasound imaging showed an intravenous mass that was excised and histopathologically diagnosed as an intravascular lobular capillary haemangioma (IVLCH). The rare tumour most commonly effects the neck, face, and upper extremities. Ultrasound is often the first‐line imaging in such cases, and IVLCH should be considered in the differential under specific circumstances.

A Patient With Lobular Capillary Hemangioma Originating From the Inferior Turbinate Following Cauterization With Silver Nitrate.

Lobular capillary hemangiomas (LCH), which usually originate in the skin and mucous membranes of the oral cavity, are uncommon from the posterior portion of the inferior turbinate. Although the exact cause of LCH in the nasal cavity has not been elucidated, trauma, caused by factors such as intranasal packing and habitual nose-picking, has been reported as one of the causes. In addition, 2 cases of LCH caused by submucosal resection with powered instrumentation to the inferior turbinate have been reported, suggesting that various types of traumas to the nasal mucosa can cause LCH. The authors report the first case of LCH formation in the posterior portion of the inferior turbinate after cauterization with silver nitrate.

Immunophenotypic profiles in chalazion and pyogenic granuloma associated with chalazion.

To evaluate immunophenotypic profiles of infiltrating cells in surgically excised tissues of chalazion and pyogenic granuloma associated with chalazion. Eighty-two surgical specimens from 74 consecutive patients newly diagnosed with chalazion or chalazion-associated pyogenic granuloma at Tokyo Medical University Hospital between 2016 and 2022 were studied. Sixty specimens were chalazion lesions and 22 specimens were pyogenic granuloma lesions (from 15 men and 7 women, mean age 36.6 ± 14.4years). All patients were immunocompetent Asian Japanese adults. Specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Flow cytometry was performed using the following antibodies: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11b, CD11c, CD16, CD19, CD20, CD23, CD25, CD34, CD44, CD56, CD69, and CD138. In flow cytometric analysis, the proportion of cells expressing the T cell marker CD3 was significantly higher compared with other immune cells expressing specific markers (p < 0.0001), and the proportion of CD4-positive T cells was significantly higher than that of CD8-positive T cells (p < 0.0001), in both chalazion and pyogenic granuloma specimens. The chalazion and pyogenic granuloma lesions shared similar immunophenotypic profile characterized by predominant T cell infiltration, and CD4 T cells dominating over CD8 cells. The pattern of expression of CD4 and CD8 in the specimens was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The present study demonstrates immunophenotypic features of chalazion and chalazion-associated pyogenic granuloma. Although various inflammatory cells are involved in the pathology of chalazion and pyogenic granuloma, a significantly higher proportion of CD4-positive T cells may be closely related to the pathological mechanisms of both lesions.

THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF TUMOR AND TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS OF ORAL CAVITY AND OROPHARYNX

Objective: The objective is the histopathological study of tumor and tumor-like lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, SBKS Medical Institute and Research Centre, Piparia, for 1 year. One hundred oral biopsies received from the ENT department were studied. Clinical details were obtained from the requisition form. Biopsies received were processed and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Histopathological diagnosis regarding type and differentiation was made. Results: Among 100 cases of the oral cavity and oropharynx biopsies analyzed in the present study, malignant lesions were 90 (90%), premalignant lesions were 4 (4%), and benign lesions were 6 (6%). The study included 86 cases (86%) of squamous cell carcinoma, 2 cases (2%) of verrucous carcinoma, 1 case (1%) of adenosquamous carcinoma, 1 case (1%) of adenocarcinoma, 3 cases (3%) of leukoplakia, 1 case (1%) of severe dysplasia, 3 cases (3%) of pleomorphic adenoma, and 1 case (1%) each of pyogenic granuloma, squamous papilloma, ossifying fibroma. Maximum number of cases was of squamous cell carcinoma (86%). Maximum number of cases was seen inthe age group of 36–45 years, the youngest patient was 25 years old. There was a male preponderance for oral and oropharyngeal lesions (73%) as compared to females (27%). Male: Female ratio was 1:0.37. The most common site of the lesion was the tongue (41%) followed by buccal mucosa (30%). The majority of the tumors were well-differentiated. Conclusion: Males are more likely to develop lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx than females. Typically, older age groups are affected. Drinking alcohol, smoking, and chewing tobacco can contribute to oral and oropharyngeal lesions. The most frequent place implicated is the tongue. The most prevalent histological variation is squamous cell carcinoma, and the majority of these tumors are well-differentiated.

Incidence, Risk Factors and Management of Postoperative Complications in Horizontal Strabismus Surgery

ABSTRACT Objective To report the incidence, risk factors and management of postoperative complications after horizontal strabismus surgery. Design Retrospective Cohort study. Participants The study assessed 1,273 patients with 1,035 cases of exotropia and 238 cases of esotropia, with a minimum 18-month follow-up. Methods Retrospective review of strabismus operation patients’ medical records included baseline demographics, age at surgery, pre/postoperative visual acuity, and deviation. Complications were categorized as surgical site (infection, scarring, cyst, granuloma, ischemia) and strabismus-related (recurrence, diplopia), with analysis of incidence, risk factors, and management. Results Among surgical site complications, the incidence of infection, pyogenic granuloma, and anterior segment ischemia were similar between the exotropia (0.3%, 0.3%, 0.2%) and esotropia (0.8%, 0%, 0.4%) groups (p = .221, 0.406, 0.515). In contrast, the esotropia group presented a higher risk of conjunctival inclusion cyst and conjunctival scar than the exotropia group, with incidences of 5.0% vs 2.2% and 6.3% vs 1.3%, respectively (p = .004, <0.001). Regarding strabismus complications, the incidence of early recurrence was not significant between the two groups, with 10.0% in the exotropia group and 10.5% in the esotropia group (p = .553). Older age and poor initial visual acuity were associated with early recurrence (p < .001). The esotropia group had a higher risk of persistent diplopia than the exotropia group, with incidences of 4.2% vs 2.0%, respectively (p = .003). Conclusion Esotropia carries a higher risk of conjunctival inclusion cysts, conjunctival scarring, and persistent diplopia compared to the exotropia group, while both groups exhibit similar rates of early recurrence and other surgical site complications.

Observing the factors affecting fibrovascular regrowth after pterygium excision and comparing the efficacy and complications of conjunctival autograft with sutures versus fibrin glue.

Aim: To observe the factors affecting fibrovascular regrowth after pterygium excision and to compare the efficacy and complications of conjunctival autograft with sutures versus fibrin glue. Materials and methods: 65 consenting patients with primary pterygium attending the outpatient department having appropriate indications for surgery were enrolled. Data was collected using personal interviews. Routine pre-operative ophthalmic examination was done, including visual acuity assessment, slit lamp examination, and fundus evaluation. Pterygium excision surgery was done on all patients using either Fibrin Glue or 10-0 nylon sutures. Patients were followed up at weeks 1, 4, 12, and 24 and any complications were duly noted. Results: The fibrin glue group showed milder postoperative discomfort, symptoms, and signs compared to the suture group. Pyogenic granuloma (3.12%), corkscrew vessels (6.25%), and subconjunctival hemorrhage (24.99%) were more common in the fibrin glue group. FVG not crossing the limbus was observed in 6.25% of glue cases and 9.09% of suture cases, more in fleshy and large pterygia, while age and gender did not alter the incidence of FVG. No recurrences were observed in any group. Conclusion: The incidence of fibrovascular regrowth (FVG) was not affected by age, gender, smoking, and surgical technique, but was positively correlated with length and grade of pterygium. The complication rate between the two groups was not found to be statistically significant. Despite causing severe postoperative discomfort and requiring prolonged surgical time, suture-assisted pterygium surgery is a cost-effective method still being used with long-term outcomes similar to fibrin glue.

Гломус-ангіома в педіатричній практиці

Glomus angioma i1s a neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, which accounts for about 2% of soft tissue tumors. This is a benign tumor originating from the neuromuscular-vascular skin node (glomus) due to the predominant growth of arterio-venous anastomoses. The neuromyoarterial glomus is a structure whose function is arterio-venous shunting. Purpose - to acquaint a wide range of specialists in pediatric specialties with this pathology, features of the course, diagnostics and treatment tactics. Clinical cases. Two clinical cases are given to illustrate the difficulty of differential diagnosis of glomus-angiomas. In the first, when the formation was localized on the finger of the hand in a child of the first year of life, the differentiation took place with a pyogenic granuloma, the clinical and external signs of which and some morphological characteristics of which are very similar to vascular formations. In the second case, when a glomus angioma was localized in the area of the skin of the mammary gland in a 13-year-old girl, the differential diagnosis was made with a cavernous hemangioma. Both cases testify to the sufficient complexity of making a clinical diagnosis in children of different age groups and different localization of formations. Conclusions. According to the literature, the cause of glomus angiomas is mutations in the glomulin gene, which encodes a 68 kDa protein with an unknown function. Differential diagnosis should be carried out with pronodular hidradenoma, intradermal nevi, melanomas, myopericytomas and myofibromatosis, tumors of non-epithelial, smooth muscle, vascular or nervous origin. Histological examination is an important diagnostic method in the process of making a diagnosis. If a child is suspected of having a glomus angioma, with clinical symptoms and appearance appropriate for this tumor, radical removal of the tumor with mandatory histological confirmation is required. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent of the children's parents was obtained for the study. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

Dermoscopic Diagnosis of a Non-Pigmented Skin Tumor: Eccrine Poroma

Dear Editor, Eccrine poroma stands as a benign adnexal neoplasm that originates from the acrosyringium. It typically emerges as solitary, flesh-colored, or erythematous papules, plaques, or nodules, primarily appearing in areas with sweat glands. As well as pigmented lesions, dermoscopy has proven to enhance the clinical diagnosis of numerous non-pigmented skin tumors, including eccrine poroma. Herein we present a case of eccrine poroma located on the dorsal aspect of the left foot, with characteristic dermoscopic features. A 60-year-old woman was admitted with an asymptomatic lesion on the dorsum of her left foot, which had manifested approximately four years before. Clinically, the lesion presented as a well-circumscribed, violaceous, 0.9x0.9 cm papule (Figure 1a). Dermoscopic examination revealed flower-like and leaf-like vascular patterns, white interlacing areas, glomerular vessels, and milky red globules (Figures 1c-d). The lesion was excised and histopathologic findings were consistent with eccrine poroma (Figure 1b). Eccrine poroma (EP) is an adnexal tumor originating in the intraepidermal part of the eccrine sweat gland duct. Dermoscopy and histopathology help to differentiate EP from pyogenic granuloma, seborrheic keratosis, verruca vulgaris, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and amelanotic melanoma. Well-defined dermoscopic features in EP are: White interlacing areas around vessels, milky-red globules, flower-like and leaf-like vascular patterns, glomerular vessels, hairpin vessels, yellow structureless areas, poorly visualized vessels, and well-circumscribed globular or lacuna-like structures separated by white to pink mesh bands [1-3]. Histologically, EP manifests as a well-contained tumor constituted of proliferative cuboidal or poroid cells, often extending from the basal epidermis into the dermal layer. Shave, electrosurgical destruction or simple excision may be the treatment of lesions, depending on the depth of the lesion. Kind Regards

Assessment of Immunoexpression of Ki-67 and CD 105 in Oral Pyogenic Granuloma

Background: Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is one of the most prevalent tumor-like lesions in the mouth, with two distinct histological variants: Non-Lobular Capillary Hemangioma (NLCH) and Lobular Capillary Hemangioma (LCH). This study aims to evaluate and compare the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 (proliferative activity) and CD 105 (angiogenic activity) in both types to find the conflict between the two. Methods: Data from clinical information and microscopic findings were collected. The selection criteria, including sufficient tissue, minor bleeding and/or inflammation, and proper fixation, were used to examine 24 cases of PG (10 LCH, 14 NLCH) that performed hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining and immunostaining of anti-Ki-67 antibodies and anti-CD105 antibodies. Results: Our study showed female predilection, as 66.7% of cases were female (10 cases in LCH and 6 cases in NLCH). The mean patient age was 32.71%±15.35 years. LCH type of PG showed moderate positive expression of Ki-67 in 9 cases (64.3%); only two cases (14.3%) had a negative expression, while in 6 cases (60%) of NLCH, mild positive expression was seen, and in 4 cases (40%) it was moderate. The average number of blood vessels measured in LCH and NLCH samples treated with the anti-CD105 antibody was (72.7857±39.21479) and (47.1600±30.02855) respectively, with no significant difference between the two types of PG for both markers. Conclusions: The results of the present study confirm that there are no differences between the LCH and NLCH types of PG in proliferative rate and angiogenesis activity, so both types seem to have the same biological behavior.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Laser in Minor Oral Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Lasers in oral surgery have been extensively studied in recent years. Laser treatment is now a well-known technology that is frequently employed on oral soft tissues. The carbon dioxide (CO2) laser was one of the first soft tissue removal lasers. Because of the strong affinity of the CO2 laser to water, it is best used for removing, vaporizing, and coagulating these tissues. In minor oral surgery, CO2 laser therapy has shown advantages. Therefore, this study examined the CO2 laser use in minor oral soft tissue surgery. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards were followed in this study. A question for research encompassing the inclusion criteria for the participants, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design (PICOS) was formulated. The search queries were entered into the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases. Consideration was given to publications published between January 1, 2018 and March 15, 2023. Results: The research included 37 studies after narrowing search results, eliminating duplicate titles, and conducting an eligibility review (three animal studies, seven case reports, three case series, and twenty-four clinical studies). CO2 lasers alone or in combination with other therapies successfully treated oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), oral tumors, oral fibrous-epithelial lesions, gingival melanin hyperpigmentation, pyogenic granuloma, socket preservation, mucocele, high labial frenulum attachment, and so on. CO2 lasers reduced intra- and postoperative complications and adverse effects, improved postoperative functional results, ablated tissues with precision, and minimized disease recurrence and malignant transformation. Conclusion: Our study found that the CO2 laser in oral minor surgeries is successful, but further randomized clinical trials and multicenter studies are recommended to compare CO2 laser surgery to other treatments.

Dermatoscopic shiny white structures in benign cutaneous tumours.

The dermatoscopic characteristics of shiny white structures (SWS) in malignant skin tumours are well described, but data on benign skin neoplasms are scarce. To evaluate the dermatoscopic features of SWS in common benign tumours, we reviewed our database for histopathologically confirmed cases. Dermatoscopic images were evaluated for the presence of any type of SWS. Images with SWS were further analysed for their quantity, distribution and shape. Of 2420 evaluated benign tumours, 357 (14.8%) displayed SWS. The highest frequencies were observed in pyogenic granuloma (n = 62/100; 62%), angioma (n = 63/113; 55.8%) and adnexal tumours (n = 42/84; 50%). The lowest frequency was found in common naevi (n = 16/1032; 1.6%) and solar lentigo (n = 0). The presence of SWS was not associated with sex or anatomical location. SWS were usually diffuse and multiple. SWS may be present in a broad spectrum of benign tumours and therefore they should not be considered as de facto indicators of malignancy.

A case report : 34 y.o male with incidental histopathological findings of Kaposi sarcoma without clinical history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma is a rare and challenging case especially in immunosuppressed patients that frequently doesn’t have specific manifestation. It usually caused by human herpes virus 8 virus infection and male patient with multiple lesion has high mortality rates. The aim of this study is to report 34 y.o Male with incidental histopathological findings of kaposi sarcoma without clinical history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Methodology: Descriptive study of the case report type, whose data were obtained from the patient's medical record. Result: This paper will report 34-year-old young adult male with clinically diagnosed with poroma and differential diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma and pyogenic granuloma. The clinical sign was multiple skin lesion appear on his right nose and thumb in the last 6 months. The nodules are solitary with oval shape, erythema, firm borders and the nodule surface covered with brownish-yellow squama. In addition, imaging examination suspicious for soft tissue mass. The biopsy was performed, and histopathological finding exhibit a tumor mass consists of Kaposi sarcoma. Discussion: Furthermore, after pathological report revealed the diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma then a provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) examination is carried out and the test result showed reactive for HIV infection. So that, patient concluded to have predisposition of HIV infection with Kaposi sarcoma and treated for antiretrovirals (ARV), chemotherapy and routine clinical follow up. Conclusion : Kaposi sarcoma is a rare cancer caused by infection with the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). These lesions are often found in immunosuppressed patients such as HIV sufferers characterized by vascular proliferation. Through the incidental findings of Kaposi's sarcoma in patients who are not clinically suspected of having HIV, clinicopathological correlation is highly recommended. Therefore, the purpose of this writing can be a strong reference so that clinicians are more thorough in reviewing clinical patients and more detailed physical examinations.

SAT534 A Rare Case of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer With Extraordinary Limitations to Treatment

Abstract Disclosure: N. Shahid: None. L. Rudman: None. H. Maldonado Rivera: None. J. Chambi-Torres: None. J.A. Gonzalez: None. S. Valepu: None. A. Barco: None. N.H. Shaaban: None. E. Angueira: None. Background: Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) is a rare and aggressive form of follicular epithelial cell derived thyroid carcinoma, representing 3-5% of all thyroid cancers. As a subtype, PDTC is in a category that is between well differentiated thyrocyte malignancies and undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinomas. Current guidelines for treatment of PDTC are not well defined. Case presentation: A 56-year-old male with a history of PDTC was admitted to the hospital directly from a correctional facility due to concern for metastasis. Patient had a total thyroidectomy performed just two months ago that revealed PDTC on surgical pathology. Recommendations at that time were to complete a full body PET-CT and follow up with radiation oncology for radiation and chemotherapy. Patient was also discharged on Synthroid 175 mcg daily for TSH suppression. However, the patient did not have any follow up appointments scheduled while at the facility. PET-CT showed stable FDG avid 2.4 cm lower right neck mass and 2 cm focus of mildly increased activity in the right lobe of the liver. On admission, a triple phase MRI liver protocol was ordered and showed a 15 mm hepatic lesion that was arterially enhancing with persistent enhancement in venous and delayed phase without dropping signal on T2 fat and additional hyperintensity on T2. Bilateral 1.7 cm adrenal nodule was also identified with relative hypointensity on T2. FNA of right neck mass was performed but did not yield sufficient tissue for pathology. Subsequent right neck exploration and skin biopsies were obtained and revealed benign fibroadipose tissue with focal fat necrosis in the thyroid and lobular capillary hemangioma in right back, left chest, and right abdomen. Patient’s status as an inmate continued to delay radiation and chemotherapy for PDTC with possible metastasis. The decision was made with the hematology/oncology inpatient consult team to perform RAI treatment with 138 mCI of I-131. Synthroid was held in anticipation of the RAI and whole body scan was ordered for 1 week after administration of I-131. Post ablation whole body scan showed intense radiotracer uptake over the region of the left and right thyroid glands and normal uptake in the stomach, small bowel, and urinary bladder. No other areas of radiotracer uptake were found. Conclusion: Diagnosis and treatment of PDTC is challenging and the social constraints as an inmate make it even more difficult to initiate appropriate therapy with radiation oncology follow up. Our case illustrates the implications of RAI ablation after total thyroidectomy in staging and therapy of PDTC. Given the intermediate histologic characteristics of PDTC, further investigation is required in the setting of metastasis and exploration of the benefits of early aggressive therapy, such as external beam radiotherapy. Presentation Date: Saturday, June 17, 2023

Haemangioma in ENT &amp; Head and Neck-Region – Case Reports

Haemangioma is one of the most common benign tumours in the ENT &amp; Head and Neck region accounting for about 60% of haemangiomas arising from the head and neck region, either in children or adults &amp; can arise from the larynx, nose, tongue, external auditory canal &amp; face, which can be of capillary, cavernous and mixed subtypes.&#x0D; A retrospective review of 3 patients who underwent evaluation and treatment at a tertiary referral hospital from 2020 to 2023 are presented, which were confirmed to be haemangiomas on histopathological examination. All 3 patients presented on an outpatient basis, were evaluated based on history, an endoscopic and radiological investigation followed by surgical intervention &amp; histopathological examination which confirmed the diagnosis of haemangioma (Laryngeal Haemangioma arising from laryngeal ventricle -sclerotic haemangioma, Nasal Haemangioma 1 case of nasal septum vestibule capillary haemangioma and 1 case of external auditory canal lobular capillary haemangioma). The patient was followed up for over one year and had no recurrence.

Пиогенная гранулема ногтевого ложа, клинические случаи и обзор литературы

Пиогенная гранулема ногтевого ложа, клинические случаи и обзор литературы