Live Migration Research Articles

Education in Black and White: Myles Horton and the Highlander Center's Vision for Social Justice

Education in Black and White: Myles Horton and the Highlander Center's Vision for Social Justice

Review of “The Opportunity Trap: High-Skilled Workers, Indian Families, and the Failures of the Dependent Visa Program”

Pallavi Banerjee’s The Opportunity Trap offers a fascinating window into the intimate relationship between migration visas and the work/family lives of skilled migrants and their spousal dependents. The Opportunity Trap demonstrates the far reach of migration policy into the material and social realities of migrant families as they navigate marriage, parenting, employment, and their sense of self. Banerjee questions the seeming gender and racial neutrality of visa laws by showing how these policies drive deeply gendered and racialized outcomes at home and work. The book brings a nuanced intersectional analysis across race, gender, class, and legal status and offers an important contribution to the literature on women-led skilled migration in the United States. With insightful critiques of how the U.S. visa system fails immigrant families, The Opportunity Trap will be of interest to scholars of migration, gender, work, family, and policy/the state. The book's central argument is that migrant visas form a gendered and racialized immigration system that controls the quotidian experiences of migrants. Banerjee forwards the concept of the “visa regime” as a mechanism of state power that surveils and controls immigrants and their families. Her rich analysis shows how the racialized and gendered logics underlying visas influence migrant labor conditions at work and gendered negotiations with spouses in the household. She paints a vivid portrait of housework and parenting in a context in which migrants’ positions are undermined by their legal, gender, and racial status in the United States. Furthermore, Banerjee shows how visa status shapes migrants' sense of self identity and autonomy within the legally ascribed category of “dependent.” The findings illustrate how migration policy can function as a destabilizing force that puts stress on marriages, finances, and migrants’ emotional wellbeing, demonstrating the need for reform for seemingly “family-friendly” policies framed around family unification.

Nowhere to belong: Migration narratives in Eeb Allay Oo! (2019) and Gamak Ghar (2019)

This article analyses the narratives of migration in the films Eeb Allay Oo! and Gamak Ghar which also incidentally speak to a moment in India during the pandemic when the precarious lives of migrants working in the informal sector took centre stage in the public discourse. While Eeb Allay Oo! follows the life of a migrant unable to find suitable work till he is recruited as a monkey repeller in central Delhi, Gamak Ghar introspects the idea of home in the filmmaker’s own village near Darbhanga in Bihar when various family members leave it to work and live elsewhere. The article addresses these films through an interdisciplinary lens of migration studies and cinema studies and as alternative to the mainstream commercial cinema of the country in terms of aesthetics and the circular journeys of the filmmakers themselves.

Energy-Aware Live VM Migration Using Ballooning in Cloud Data Center

The demand for digitization has inspired organizations to move towards cloud computing, which has increased the challenge for cloud service providers to provide quality service. One of the challenges is energy consumption, which can shoot up the cost of using computing resources and has raised the carbon footprint in the atmosphere; therefore, it is an issue that it is imperative to address. Virtualization, bin-packing, and live VM migration techniques are the key resolvers that have been found to be efficacious in presenting sound solutions. Thus, in this paper, a new live VM migration algorithm, live migration with efficient ballooning (LMEB), is proposed; LMEB focuses on decreasing the size of the data that need to be shifted from the source to the destination server so that the total energy consumption of migration can be reduced. A simulation was performed with a specific configuration of virtual machines and servers, and the results proved that the proposed algorithm could trim down energy usage by 18%, migration time by 20%, and downtime by 20% in comparison with the existing approach of live migration with ballooning (LMB).

Migrant Portraiture and Life Imaging in Fazal Sheikh’s Photodocumentaries

This article explores the role of migrant photo portraiture for life imaging by providing a close reading of two photobooks by contemporary photographer Fazal Sheikh – A Sense of Common Ground (1996) and The Victor Weeps. Afghanistan (1998). Visual storytelling is a core feature of this social and humanitarian photographer’s work, through which two main questions are addressed: how are real-life migration experiences as survival stories and personal biographies inscribed in the portraits of refugees and migrants? Which form(at)s of portraits are chosen, and which practices of portrayal are employed for the purpose of documenting migrant lives? Based on Jean-Luc Nancy’s portrait theory and Giorgio Agamben’s notion of ‘bare life’, the author introduces a process-analytical category of the ‘migrant/refugee portrait’ in order to grasp the complex (de-)figuration processes connected with the sociopolitical issues of human displacement. In Sheikh’s long-term portrayal of migrant/refugee communities and his concept of relational portraiture, she recognizes an effective documentary photo practice for de-othering and demigrantizing the portrait of the migrant as a stereotypical representation of the ‘other’.

The Social Importance of the Migrants in the States Development

The International Migration in the global and complex nowadays context need and must be continuously studied and understanding due the relevance of the mobility of millions of human beings around the world, as well as there is a basic need to promote different perspectives of this reality based on real data. Depending on the context of the Migrant State, life conditions or need to survive, in fact there are multiple reasons for the Migration and consequently the conditions provided to live and work. Due the Pandemic, since 2020 there were several changes of the International Migration due the restrictions to accept and integrate them, as the multiple motivation to migrate, however it was uninterrupted movement. In 2021 was globally registered 29 million of Migrants, but the real number it is higher due the illegal ones. From the international data and the facts, the Migrants social contribution to the States it´s undoubtable: employment rates and inherent GDP growth; (2020: 73% - international migrants worldwide were between 20 - 64 years old, compared to 57% for the total population”); demographic performance; the economic and financial evolution (decreasing or contributing to prevent poverty). Although most of the States have public policies to receive, protect and integrate Migrants, there is a serious need to develop a strategic education for their effective social importance, promoting a continuous evolution of the Political and Social behavior with these human beings and, in a special need and context, to promote a renew ethical and human International Public Opinion.

Re-discovering the Australian Multicultural Literature Collection: an interview with Sneja Gunew

ABSTRACT In late 2020, Daniella and Michel interviewed Sneja Gunew, founder of The Australian Multicultural Literature Collection (AMLC), to get an overview of the archive: how it started, what the collection methodology was, and why it was, and continues to be, crucial for critically studying and theorizing Australian multiculturalism, ethnicity and race, and migrant life and writing in neo-colonial Australia.

Bringing Home the News: Reading Black Family History, the Second World War, and Change in Marin City

This article resulted from an effort to locate Black migrant life and history in Marin City, California, by uncovering strands of the author’s family history in the Sausalito News, a weekly paper (1885–1966) that covered events in and around Marin County. As the center of social and political change during World War II, Marin City, a community that began with the construction of a massive shipbuilding complex in Sausalito in 1942, would give way to a Black migrant community that would enrich the Bay Area, remaking the region into “a new black frontier.” Using the newspaper as an archival mine, I flesh out the contours of the Second Great Migration and the postwar era in Marin City, highlighting an alternate archive, one that pushes against dominant narratives and allows Black people to resist historical erasure by preserving specific acts of Black placemaking, political activism, and community engagement unique to the Bay Area.

Migrants as “dissonant harmony-seekers” and migrant life in “foam”

PurposeMigration of the Turkish new middle-class – high-skilled, well-educated, young professionals – has been growing in recent years. This paper explores their migration experience and discusses the role of physical and virtual bubbles in the formation of transnational communities and processes of adjustment to a new place.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a qualitative inquiry collecting data via semi-structured interviews with 18 London-based Turkish migrants and a digital ethnographic study of three Facebook groups that bring together the Turkish migrant community in Richmond, London.FindingsFindings indicate that the migration of the new middle class differs conceptually from existing typologies. The paper proposes the concept of “dissonant harmony-seekers” and elaborates on their interactions to demonstrate that, in the Internet age, the traditional image of migrants living in isolated localised bubbles is no longer accurate. Findings also indicate a pragmatic and functional engagement with the bubbles, with migrants sporadically interacting with the bubbles to meet their individual needs in information, education and employment. Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature with the concept of dissonant harmony-seekers, which will gain more visibility in a world where the trend of democratic decline and rising authoritarianism will motivate a migratory move for people who confront a moral dissociation from the civil order in their homeland. The engagement of dissonant harmony-seekers with migrant communities challenges the conventional thinking that social identity is central to creating and maintaining bubbles. The other contribution of the paper to the literature is the metaphor of “foam” to capture the ephemeral and fugacious nature of the dynamics of migrant communities and practices.

EKONOMI PERANTAU MINANGKABAU DI PASAR BAWAH KECAMATAN BANGKO KABUPATEN MERANGIN TAHUN 1999-2020

This study examines the economic life of Minangkabau migrants in Pasar Bawah, Bangko District, Merangin Regency in 1999-2020. The research problems are formulated as follows: (1) How did Minangkabau traders arrive in Pasar Bawah, (2) How did the Minangkabau trade economy develop in Pasar Bawah during 1999-2020. This writing aims to reveal the background of the Minangkabau people who migrated to Pasar Bawah Bangko, Merangin Regency and the economic situation of Minangkabau overseas in Pasar Bawah Bangko.. Based on the research results it is known that; First: Pasar Bawah Bangko is one of the markets located in Pasar Bangko Village, Bangko District, Merangin Regency which is part of Jambi Province, because the area is close to the border of South Persisir and Dharmasraya regions, and the area is a new area due to the division of districts between Sarolangun dan Regency and Sarolangund Regency. Merangin became a new field for trading. Second: Minangkabau overseas trading activities are diverse, ranging from trading in clothes, basic necessities, accessories, shoes-sls, vegetables, and others.
 Keywords: Migrants, Traders, Ethnic Minangkabau

Legal Status of Migrants From Kyrgyzstan in Russia

A study by the International Labor Organization has confirmed that 10-20% of migrants from the CIS countries working illegally in Russia are subjected to such forms of exploitation and slave labor as seizure of documents, isolation and violation of the right to free movement, psychological abuse, threats, deceit, debt dependence, the impossibility of dismissal, and so on. To eliminate these risk factors, it is necessary that citizens of Kyrgyzstan leaving for work should at least know the internal migration legislation of Russia, the rules for carrying out labor and entrepreneurial activities, legalization, crossing borders, money transfer operations and others issues of life of migrants. Given that external migration is the most important social process that affects all aspects of public life, the Kyrgyz Republic has formed a legislative framework for regulating migration processes.

Agent coalitions for load balancing in cloud data centers

The workload of Cloud data centers is constantly fluctuating causing imbalances across physical hosts that may lead to violations of service-level agreements. To mitigate workload imbalances, this work proposes a concurrent agent-based problem-solving technique supported by cooperative game theory capable of balancing workloads by means of live migration of virtual machines (VMs). Nearby agents managing physical hosts are partitioned into coalitions in which agents play coalitional games to progressively balance separate sections of a data center while considering the coalition's benefit of migrating a VM as well as its associated network overhead. Simulation results show that, in general, the proposed coalition-based load balancing mechanism outperformed a load balancing mechanism based on a hill-climbing algorithm used by a top data center vendor when considering altogether (i) the standard deviation of resource usage, (ii) the number of migrations, and (iii) the number of switch hops per migration.

MEAT FROM HOME: MODES AND MEANINGS OF THE MOVEMENT OF MEAT PRODUCTS FROM DAGESTAN TO THE CITIES OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

The translocal mode of labor migration between the Republic of Dagestan and the Arctic and subarctic cities of Western Siberia gives rise to specific practices of materiality associated with the transportation of things between sending and receiving societies. Food products in this series occupy the most prominent place both in terms of the scale of transfers and in terms of their importance in the daily life of migrants from Dagestan in northern cities.
 The article analyzes various options and mechanisms for the movement of meat and meat products through Dagestan migrant networks. Attention will be paid to the movement of meat as a multi-stage process - from its preparation in Dagestan to the organization of a storage system in a migrant's family. In this case, both commercial transfers and family and compatriot parcels will be of interest, since in both cases similar schemes can be used and the same networks are involved. Meat, intended primarily for migrants, becomes a migrant itself in the process of shipment, its appearance in the place of migration is endowed with meanings and characteristics associated with migration between these regions as a whole.
 Through the role and scale of the use of Dagestan meat in the daily practices of migrants' nutrition, the article demonstrates one of the aspects of constructing the translocal world of Dagestanis working in Arctic cities. In particular, of interest are the reciprocity regime both within the migrant community and between migrants and non-migrants in Dagestan, as well as the construction of symbolic representations of an abandoned house and a house built in migration, reflection on the degree of complementarity of the material worlds of Dagestan and the north, their fundamental differences and benefits.

Later‐Life Learning Among Latin Americans in Canada: Toward a Critical Pedagogy of Place

This article examines interconnections between place‐based education and the Latin American Canadian migratory life course. It presents findings of a grounded theory study that utilized in‐depth interviews of 15 Latin American Canadian immigrant older adults (55 years and older) who participate in a mobile adult day support programme in northwest Toronto. The study explored the experiences of service‐users of place‐based education aimed at developing or strengthening their livelihood strategies. Findings revealed that many ageing immigrants view place‐based education as a vital resource that supports their ability to access culturally specific and mainstream services, expands their social networks, and can boost their life chances at successive life course stages. However, findings also indicated that immigrants also view place‐based education as inadequate and ill‐timed and would have preferred greater access to education when they first settled in Canada. The article contributes to emergent scholarship on ageing, transnational migration, and localized education for settlement and integration. Conceptually, it advances a life course justice approach to racialized immigrants’ later‐life learning by underscoring the utility of integrating a critical pedagogy of place into community education.

Machine-Learning-Based Approach for Virtual Machine Allocation and Migration

Due to its ability to supply reliable, robust and scalable computational power, cloud computing is becoming increasingly popular in industry, government, and academia. High-speed networks connect both virtual and real machines in cloud computing data centres. The system’s dynamic provisioning environment depends on the requirements of end-user computer resources. Hence, the operational costs of a particular data center are relatively high. To meet service level agreements (SLAs), it is essential to assign an appropriate maximum number of resources. Virtualization is a fundamental technology used in cloud computing. It assists cloud providers to manage data centre resources effectively, and, hence, improves resource usage by creating several virtualmachine (VM) instances. Furthermore, VMs can be dynamically integrated into a few physical nodes based on current resource requirements using live migration, while meeting SLAs. As a result, unoptimised and inefficient VM consolidation can reduce performance when an application is exposed to varying workloads. This paper introduces a new machine-learning-based approach for dynamically integrating VMs based on adaptive predictions of usage thresholds to achieve acceptable service level agreement (SLAs) standards. Dynamic data was generated during runtime to validate the efficiency of the proposed technique compared with other machine learning algorithms.

“Angels of the Angels”: Abdüllatif Subhi Paşa’s Coins, Egypt, and History

Abstract This article revisits the bureaucratic career of Abdüllatif Subhi Paşa (d. 1886), the prominent Ottoman statesman and pioneering numismatist of the nineteenth century, whose much-overlooked early migratory life between Morea and Egypt shaped his contributions to the principal Tanzimat institutions. By weaving together fragmentary biographical accounts, institutional histories, and Subhi’s understudied academic work, the article also offers new historiographical approaches to nineteenth-century Ottoman antiquarianism, archaeology, and museology. The varied trajectories of Subhi’s itinerant professional life allow us to trace intellectual networks between Istanbul and Cairo, academic initiatives of a diverse cast of Ottoman high officials, changes in the scope of the translation movement, and the growing centrality of history and its writing in cultural undertakings.

The Uses of Mourning

The Uses of Mourning

Material stories of migration: Reframing home through poetry

This article reflects on the power of poetry to reframe the concepts of home, arrival and belonging, each of which is important in understanding the relationship between migration and culture. It traces the journey of a collective poem – ‘Grapes in My Father’s Yard’ – that was created during the Material Stories of Migration project in Sheffield in 2015; was performed at Migration Matters Festival and has since been shared in multiple digital and material formats between 2015 and 2022. The text’s trajectory demonstrates poetry’s capacity to transgress structural and grammatical norms and capture that which is absent, ambiguous and elusive in the idea of ‘home’. The poem intertwines different languages and flows between them, enacting the give and take of linguistic and cultural translation. This article draws on follow-up interviews and ongoing discussion with project participants and creative facilitators to explore how the ‘storying’ of migrant lives is an ongoing creative process that poetry can illuminate. ‘Grapes in My Father’s Yard’ articulates how post-arrival life for migrants is not a linear, forward-moving process but a kind of re-dwelling in lost homes and landscapes, the beginning of a micro-bordering which continues for years. The poem calls on us to read between the lines and to seek out the silences, as much as it asks us to listen to the words.

CAMIG: Concurrency-Aware Live Migration Management of Multiple Virtual Machines in SDN-Enabled Clouds

By integrating Software-Defined Networking and cloud computing, virtualized networking and computing resources can be dynamically reallocated through live migration of Virtual Machines (VMs). Dynamic resource management such as load balancing and energy-saving policies can request multiple migrations when the algorithms are triggered periodically. There exist notable research efforts in dynamic resource management that alleviate single migration overheads, such as single migration time and co-location interference while selecting the potential VMs and migration destinations. However, by neglecting the resource dependency among potential migration requests, the existing solutions of dynamic resource management can result in the Quality of Service (QoS) degradation and Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations during the migration schedule. Therefore, it is essential to integrate both single and multiple migration overheads into VM reallocation planning. In this paper, we propose a concurrency-aware multiple migration selector that operates based on the maximal cliques and independent sets of the resource dependency graph of multiple migration requests. Our proposed method can be integrated with existing dynamic resource management policies. The experimental results demonstrate that our solution efficiently minimizes migration interference and shortens the convergence time of reallocation by maximizing the multiple migration performance while achieving the objective of dynamic resource management.

Stop and Look: A Novel Checkpointing and Debugging Flow for FPGAs

Hardware checkpointing enables live migration, fault recovery, and context switching, but has been difficult to achieve for FPGA applications. We detail techniques to checkpoint complex FPGA designs and develop StateMover, a new checkpoint-based debugging flow for FPGAs that combines the speed of hardware execution with the full observability and controllability of simulation. StateMover can safely stop a running design and seamlessly move its state back and forth between an FPGA and a simulator. StateMover can create complete design checkpoints even for designs that have multi-cycle I/O interfaces, contain buried state that is not accessible by FPGA readback, and use external memories. StateMover and its associated IPs allow a designer to quickly make a design checkpointable, with a small area overhead. Moving the state from/to an FPGA to/from a simulator can be performed in a few seconds for large Xilinx UltraScale FPGAs.