Live Migration Research Articles

A Lifeline in troubled waters: A support intervention for migrant farm workers

AbstractWe implemented and evaluated a service delivery intervention (support model) to address the challenges faced by migrant agricultural workers in British Columbia, Canada. Three factors were identified that contributed to the effectiveness of the intervention: (1) face‐to‐face support and in‐person outreach towards connection; (2) accounting migrant workers' hierarchy of needs and addressing their basic needs first towards comprehensiveness; and (3) role clarity and communication between partners involved in supporting this population towards coordination. A final factor, wider constraints, referred to the wider context of migrant workers' lives including their temporary status, tied work permits, and lack of access to rights. These wider constraints, which were exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic, underscore that until greater policy action is taken to address these workers' precarious status, support services can only offer a lifeline in troubled waters.

WBATimeNet: A deep neural network approach for VM Live Migration in the cloud

Live Migration (LM) of Virtual Machines (VMs) is an important activity for most cloud platforms, including Azure. LM impacts the availability of VMs, due to which workloads running on them may get affected adversely. Azure cloud infrastructure consists of many nodes and their associated VMs. Many VMs (up to a few million) are candidates to undergo LM at any given time. During the process of LM, it is essential to ensure very low or no adverse impact on the running workload of the customer. Thus, of the millions of VMs, predicting which ones to live migrate based on their low utilization of resources is a critical task. To solve this, we propose a novel deep learning network WBATimeNet, which uses Multivariate Time Series data of Memory, CPU, and Disk to predict which VM should be live migrated. WBATimeNet is a deep neural network-based architecture that uses White-box Adversarial Training to address the high variability and uncertainty of time series data. The experimental results illustrate that WBATimeNet outperforms baseline models by a large margin and helps maintain the increased availability of VMs in Azure during the LM process.

Mechanosurveillance: Tiptoeing T Cells.

Efficient scanning of tissue that T cells encounter during their migratory life is pivotal to protective adaptive immunity. In fact, T cells can detect even a single antigenic peptide/MHC complex (pMHC) among thousands of structurally similar yet non-stimulatory endogenous pMHCs on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) or target cells. Of note, the glycocalyx of target cells, being composed of proteoglycans and bulky proteins, is bound to affect and even modulate antigen recognition by posing as a physical barrier. T cell-resident microvilli are actin-rich membrane protrusions that puncture through such barriers and thereby actively place the considerably smaller T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs) in close enough proximity to APC-presented pMHCs so that productive interactions may occur efficiently yet under force. We here review our current understanding of how the plasticity of T-cell microvilli and physicochemical properties of the glycocalyx may affect early events in T-cell activation. We assess insights gained from studies on T-cell plasma membrane ultrastructure and provide an update on current efforts to integrate biophysical aspects such as the amplitude and directionality of TCR-imposed mechanical forces and the distribution and lateral mobility of plasma membrane-resident signaling molecules into a more comprehensive view on sensitized T-cell antigen recognition.

Uprootedness as the Other Side of Integration: Reframing Contemporary Migration Studies

The paradigm of integration-assimilation has dominated the social studies of migration, ethnicity, race, and inequality for a century since Park and Burgess’s pioneer work. This paradigm has been criticized, but it has not been supplanted; in fact, it has reappeared in the last few decades as a transnationalism perspective. In this article, we explore the other side of integration—uprootedness—to reframe contemporary migration studies. We discuss its impact throughout the migration process: from displacement at the place of origin to settling limitations at the place of destination. We argue that uprootedness produces different manifestations of alienation in the lives of migrants, a problem compounded by the lack of recognition of migrants at the place of destination.

Impacts of larval host plant species on dispersal traits and free-flight energetics of adult butterflies

Animals derive resources from their diet and allocate them to organismal functions such as growth, maintenance, reproduction, and dispersal. How variation in diet quality can affect resource allocation to life-history traits, in particular those important to locomotion and dispersal, is poorly understood. We hypothesize that, particularly for specialist herbivore insects that are in co-evolutionary arms races with host plants, changes in host plant will impact performance. From their coevolutionary arms-race with plants, to a complex migratory life history, Monarch butterflies are among the most iconic insect species worldwide. Population declines initiated international conservation efforts involving the replanting of a variety of milkweed species. However, this practice was implemented with little regard for how diverse defensive chemistry of milkweeds experienced by monarch larvae may affect adult fitness traits. We report that adult flight muscle investment, flight energetics, and maintenance costs depend on the host plant species of larvae, and correlate with concentration of milkweed-derived cardenolides sequestered by adults. Our findings indicate host plant species can impact monarchs by affecting fuel requirements for flight.

Fighting for Dignity: Migrant Lives at Israel’s Margins, by Sarah S. Willen

Fighting for Dignity: Migrant Lives at Israel’s Margins, by Sarah S. Willen

Julio torres and the queer potentialities of U.S. Central American representation

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the cultural work of queer Salvadoran comedian Julio Torres through the Muñozian lens of queer utopian aesthetics and ethnic camp. Through textual and discursive analysis, it establishes how Torres’ comedy disrupts dominant images of male Central American migrants as violent gang members, as well as how Torres creates a space for queer U.S. Central American subjectivities in the Latinx media imaginary. This article also examines Torres’ advocacy work alongside his comedy to consider the extent to which both uphold economic value as central to evaluating the worthiness of immigrants seeking U.S. citizenship. This approach that considers the affordances and limitations of utopian aesthetics illuminates the contradictions in contemporary U.S. Central American representation. I argue that Torres’ cultural work offers glimpses into queerer future U.S. Central American representations and immigration rights discourses that ensure that queer migrant lives are more livable.

A systematic overview of live virtual machine migration methods

AbstractVirtualization is regarded as one of the key technologies used in cloud computing by means of which virtual resources and dynamic resources are provided for users. Power management, load balancing, online system maintenance are remarkable benefits of virtualization. Such advantages are attributed to the feature of Virtual machine (VM) migration. Many research studies have been recently conducted on live migration and many researchers are seeking to reduce migration time. Prolonged migration time results in some problems especially in WANs which are geographically far from data centers. Hence, the speed of VM transfer from the source to the destination is reduced. There are many cases which can affect the migration of the VM. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, there is no comprehensive overview of studies conducted on live VM migration. This paper is aimed at providing a systematic overview and at investigating the literature on live migration. It includes 50 selected research reports which were published between 2011 and 2020. These papers are categorized by year of publication, publisher, number of citations, authors, immigration methods, techniques used, and effective parameters, and different results have been obtained from them, which we have been discussed in the paper.

Digital Migration Practices and the Everyday

AbstractThis special issue explores the role that digital technology plays in the lives of migrants. It does so by paying close attention to governmental and supranational organizations as well as to subjective and affective dimensions of the everyday. Digital migration practices emerge as complex negotiations in the digital media sphere between infrastructural bias and agential opportunities, contesting racial practices as well as enabling digitally mediated bonds of solidarity and intimacy. The issue offers nuanced critical perspectives ranging from surveillance capitalism, extractive humanitarianism, datafication, and border regimes to choreographies of care and intimacy in transnational settings, among other aspects. Renowned international scholars reflect on these issues from different vantage points. The closing forum section provides state-of-the-art commentaries on digital diaspora, affect and belonging, voice and visibility in the digital media sphere, queer migrant interventions in non-academic settings, and datafication and media infrastructures in “deep time.”

Epilogue

This epilogue provides an extended conclusion to the Special Feature’s consideration of what happens in the lives of migrants and refugees when they are ‘throwntogether’ in certain urban places with colonial pasts and hostile social and political environments. The contemporary literature on urban encounters across difference pays homage to Doreen Massey’s concept of ‘throwntogetherness’ - her idea that places are fields of multiple interactions, formed through the politics of social practices. Despite the respect it gives to Massey’s work, the suggestion is made that past literature about encounters may have overemphasised the ‘togetherness’ part of Massey’s concept and paid insufficient attention to the ‘thrown’ part of it. The epilogue considers questions that a strong focus on ‘throwing’ might have us pose when togetherness turns out to be violent and unwelcoming for minorities and migrants.

PVSensing: A Process-Variation-Aware Space Allocation Strategy for 3D NAND Flash Memory

Three-dimensional (3D) flash memory is an emerging memory technology that enables a number of improvements to conventional planar NAND flash memory, including larger capacity, less program disturb, and lower access latency. Despite these advantages, 3D flash memory brings a number of new challenges. First, in 3D flash memory, NAND strings punch through multiple stacked layers to form the 3D infrastructure. Current etching process is unable to manufacture perfect channels with identical feature size. Second, with more stacked layers, the cell current in 3D flash memory is only 20% compared to planar flash memory, making it difficult to give a reliable sensing margin. These issues are affected by process variation, and they pose threats to the integrity of data stored in 3D flash memory. This article present <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PVSensing</i> , a process-variation-aware space allocation strategy for open-channel SSD with 3D charge-trap flash memory. PVSensing is a novel hardware and file system interface that can transparently allocate physical space in the presence of process variation. PVSensing utilizes the rich functionalities provided by the system infrastructure of open-channel SSD to reduce the uncorrectable bit errors. Three reliability enhancement strategies (i.e., the adaptive creation of fault cubes, the physical block mining, and the live migration of write requests) are proposed. We demonstrate the viability of the proposed technique using a set of extensive experiments. Experimental results show that PVSensing can effectively reduce uncorrectable bit errors, and improve the reliability of critical data with negligible extra erase operations in comparison with representative schemes.

The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States and Mexico

AbstractAimMigratory freshwater fishes are those that must access discrete habitats to complete their life cycles. Freshwater fish migrations occur around the world and provide numerous ecosystem services for humans and natural systems; however, many migratory species are in decline globally. A limiting factor to successfully conserve freshwater migratory fishes is that the migratory life histories of many species are unknown or only partially described. To provide researchers with critical and comprehensive information to conserve migratory fishes, we developed the North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD).LocationCanada, Mexico and the United States.TaxonFreshwater fish.MethodsTo develop this database, we assigned migratory status, pattern and behaviour to a comprehensive list of freshwater fish species found throughout North America. We assembled the database which included assignments (i.e. migratory status, pattern and behaviour) as well as the sources used to make the assignments. Researchers and managers from across North America reviewed the database for completeness and accuracy on the migratory life histories of fishes.ResultsThe database synthesizes current knowledge of migratory status, pattern and behaviour of native and non‐native freshwater fishes throughout North America, including 1250 species representing 79 families and 325 genera. Results showcase the diversity of migratory life histories of freshwater fishes on the continent, including that at least 25% of North American freshwater fishes are migratory, 23% are non‐migratory and 44% have undetermined migratory status.Main conclusionsNAFMFD improves the quality of migratory data accessible to researchers, which supports a more holistic understanding of the threats encountered by migratory fishes, including habitat fragmentation. The approach we used in developing NAFMFD can provide guidance for developing similar databases in other regions. Collectively, our work offers new insights into the range of freshwater fish migratory life histories, stimulating a need to better understand this diversity globally.

Multipath Transmission Control Protocol for Live Virtual Machine Migration in the Cloud Environment

For mobile cloud computing (MCC), a local virtual machine- (VM-) based cloudlet is proposed to improve the performance of real-time resource-intensive mobile applications. When a mobile device (MD) discovers a cloudlet nearby, it takes some time to build up a virtual machine (VM) inside the cloudlet before data offloading from the MD to the VM can begin. Live virtual machine migration refers to the process of transferring a running Virtual Machine (VM) from one host to another without interrupting its state. Theoretically, live migration process must not render the instance being migrated unavailable during its execution. However, in practice, there is always a service downtime associated with the process. This paper focuses on addressing the need to reduce the service downtime in case of live VM migration in cloud and providing a solution by implementing and optimizing the multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) ability within an Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) cloud to increase the efficiency of live migration. We have also introduced an algorithm, the α-best fit algorithm, to optimize the usage of bandwidth and to effectively streamline the MPTCP performance.

Feeding the Community: London’s Immigrants and Their Food, 1650–1800

Abstract Early modern London was a diverse metropolis, but we know little about the social lives of its migrant communities, especially how they fed themselves. Influenced by recent anthropology and sociology of food, migration, and ethnicity, this article examines specific communal food practices of two minority communities in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Sephardic Jews and French Protestant refugees. Rather than studying how unusual foods marked these migrants as different, it explores how mundane food matters shaped social relations within these communities. The first section analyzes the system of shechita, the ritual slaughter of meat by Jews, by drawing on records of community leadership, account books, and printed texts on the subject. The second section examines two institutions established to feed the Huguenot poor, a soup kitchen in Spitalfields and the hospital known as “La Providence,” both of which left extensive records of administration. Though different, the case studies show how migrant groups, through specific food practices, constructed and experienced community within the capital. The article adds to our knowledge of migrant lives in the city and highlights the richness of institutional records from within these communities. It also suggests how food history can connect minority stories to British history more broadly.

Affect, Creativity and Migrant Belonging

AbstractAffect and creativity are proposed as offering an important lens for examining the politics of belonging in the everyday lives of migrants and refugees. Mobile emotions are circulated, intensified, and transformed in creative ways through digital media, demanding attention to new opportunities for challenging hierarchies, creating belonging, transforming gendered structures, and reinforcing the foundations of inequality and exclusion.

Resource Assessment of Larimichthys crocea in the East China Sea Based on eDNA Analysis

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a promising tool for rapid and noninvasive biomonitoring and resource assessment. Broadly, two main PCR-based strategies of biodiversity monitoring can be deployed for eDNA analysis. The first one consists of targeting single species using standard PCR, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), or droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The second strategy aims to simultaneously detect multiple species relying on High-Throughput Sequencing (i.e. eDNA metabarcoding). The aim of this study was to further explore a convenient and feasible method to correctly assess fishery resources using eDNA technology for large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Two eDNA methods (metabarcoding and qPCR) were used to investigate the biomass and distribution of large yellow croaker in the autumn and spring seasons in the central and southern regions of the East China Sea, and these results were compared with the results of a bottom trawling fishery survey. The results suggested that the designed NADH2-specific primers and developed real-time qPCR method were more applicable and reliable. The variation in the eDNA concentration of large yellow croakers coincided well with that of a real capture survey in the East China Sea. The difference in eDNA concentration between the surface and bottom water samples reflected the distribution characteristics in the water layer related to the life history of L. crocea in the two seasons. The developed methods based on eDNA technology and real-time qPCR could not only be used to evaluate the resource distribution but could also contribute to estimating the life history and migration route of large yellow croaker.

Live Migration of Virtualized Carrier Grade SIP Server

The concept of network virtualization, such as network functions virtualization, has attracted considerable attention from telecom carriers and a live migration technique is a key feature of virtualization technology. However, there are some challenges associated with applying server virtualization technology including live migration to a SIP server. Previous work has not dealt with the performance or behavior of a SIP server during live migration. Neither has it targeted a carrier grade SIP server for live migration. In this paper we present a virtualized carrier grade SIP server running on a virtual machine, which is configured with Carrier Grade Linux, HA middleware and SIP-AS application. We also assess its performance to investigate the impact of throughput degradation and suspension on a SIP layer and HA cluster configuration.

Night stories: Urban narratives of migrant lives in Europe

This introduction provides an overview of this Special Issue: ‘Night Stories: Urban Narratives of the Migrant Lives in Europe’, which originates from work undertaken within the collaborative HERA-funded research project ‘Night spaces: Migration, culture and integration in Europe’ (NITE). It argues that experiences and representations of the urban night are often overlooked in Humanities research. It contends that understandings of this overlooked dimension of the urban night can provide important and more nuanced insights into questions of migration. It surveys the collection of academic and artistic contributions to the Special Issue, which provides a transdisciplinary survey on the storytelling that emerges from diverse experiences of migration and their connections to the urban night.

REPRESENTATION OF IDENTITY CRISIS IN THE SELECTED WORKS OF JUMPA LAHIRI: A CRITICAL STUDY

Society plays a vital role in literature and in the personal lives of people. As literature is a mirror of society, we can mostly find historical, cultural, religious, social, political, and geographical representation of Human society of Different Communities and countries in literature. The way globalization can play a very important role in the life of the people, due to globalization most of the people wish to start their journey in the rural to urban Areas from broad to abroad countries, metro, and mega cities of the world. As human beings, we have always been in Adventure of a better life. The people are attracted towards Education, fashion, money, civilization, discipline and Well-mannered lifestyles. People move from one place to another for the betterment of Life while they leave their homeland and Shift into another Country for a Better future, but this Detachment from homeland creates identity Crisis, alienation, rootlessness, inner conflict due to Different cultures and dual identity in the life of migrants. These impacts of migration and modernization are also represented in the work of various contemporary Diaspora writers. Like Jumpa lahiri is one of admired Indian- American authors, Her work portrays migrant Experience and life This research is focused on the Diaspora writing and identity crisis in the select works of Jumpa Lahiri.

Features of building virtual PBX

The article considers the features of organizing highly efficient telephone communication using cloud-based PBXs.&#x0D; The advantages of solutions based on IP-telephony compared to classical automatic telephone exchanges are treated. It is shown that the use of a virtual PBX as a separate configuration of a dedicated server will provide a flexible system of settings.&#x0D; The virtualization model is considered. The analysis of virtualization methods is carried out and it is noted that the result of their development is the emergence of multi-core processors, an increase in the throughput of computer interfaces, an increase in the capacity and speed of data storage systems. It is shown that each of these methods differs in hardware emulation methods and finds its place depending on the application.&#x0D; A solution using the Asterisk software product is considered for organizing the IP-telephony. The configuration of the virtualization environment setting is discussed. It is proposed to use a reliable PROXMOX VE infrastructure, which is an open source virtualization system and support for live migration.&#x0D; Studies have been carried out to determine the performance parameters of virtualization technologies, namely, hypervisor and container ones. It is noted that the main peak of the load on the OP is the assembly of the system from binary files, which requires significantly more resources (the load increases by about 2 times) than the preparation of these files. During the CPU load analysis, the virtual machine was found to be very demanding. It has been proven that virtual machines with hypervisor virtualization technology consume more server hardware resources than virtual machines with container virtualization technology.