Language Literature Research Articles

STEM Language Literacy Learning in Engineering Education in Kazakhstan

The mastery of STEM (Science-Technology-Engineering-Mathematics) language literacy is essential for both engineering students and professionals as it enables effective communication using technical terminology and facilitates problem-solving, research, and innovation within the field. However, STEM language proficiency remains an area of improvement within Kazakhstan’s engineering education system. Our research focused on enhancing STEM language literacy learning for Bachelor of Engineering students in Kazakhstan, with a specific emphasis on leveraging digital technologies to support their learning. Our paper outlines the outcomes of the research project titled ‘Enhancing Scientific and Professional Language Learning for Engineering Students in Kazakhstan through Digital Technologies’, conducted at the Saginov Technical University (STU) in Kazakhstan and supported by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP19678460). This project holds significant promise for advancing engineering education in the country. Throughout this project, our team examined best practices for STEM literacy learning in engineering education globally. We also utilised a comprehensive SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) to identify effective approaches for STEM literacy learning and the successful integration of digital technologies. Ultimately, we developed a framework for enhancing STEM language literacy in engineering education at universities in Kazakhstan.

Colloquial speech in the digital environment

The emergence and improvement of new digital technologies has given an impetus to the development of interactive dialog of Internet users, which in turn has given rise to the phenomenon of new orality and awakened the creative potential of the category of colloquiality. A new (media) version of language is being formed in the Internet space, realizing the “new orality” of the Internet era. The new linguistic phenomena are not just isolated or accidental, but are systemic, as they manifest themselves at every linguistic level. This allows us to draw conclusions about the inevitability of the future transformation of the Russian literary language and its historically established norms, since the language will have to ensure communication of the digital society.

ЧИСЛИТЕЛНИТЕ БРОЙНИ ИМЕНА В ПИСМЕНАТА ПРАКТИКА НА БЪЛГАРСКАТА ВЪЗРОЖДЕНСКА ОБЩИНА ВЪВ ВАРНА (НА ОСНОВАТА НА ДОКУМЕНТИ ОТ 1869 – 1871 ГОДИНА)

The article traces the spelling of numerical nouns in 182 documents (receipts) written by two Varna scribes from the local Bulgarian municipality – Konstantin Mihailov Tyulev and Hristo T. Gruev. The study presents data on some of the more important moments of the orthographic development of the New Bulgarian literary language in the third quarter of the 19th century evidenced in the numerical nouns: the use of synonymous letters (и/ы), the successors of ѧ, the etymological and non-etymological use of ѣ, the competition between the literary tradition (local or Church Slavonic) and the living speech.

Analisis Perkembangan Bahasa Indonesia di Era Digital: Tantangan dan Peluang

The transformation of the Indonesian language in the digital era not only creates challenges for, but also opens up great opportunities for dynamic and adaptive language development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of the Indonesian language in the digital era including the challenges and opportunities in the current development of the language. This study uses a descriptive qualitative library research approach, which is a method commonly used in social and linguistic research. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles interactive method which includes three stages, namely data reduction, data grouping (condensation), and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of this study indicate that there are significant challenges faced, such as the use of slang and foreign terms that can threaten the authenticity of the language. The opportunities that arise are also very large for the development and preservation of the Indonesian language, where language access becomes wider and the community has the opportunity to enrich vocabulary and improve Indonesian language literacy through various educational platforms.

Feedback and Literacy: Investigating the Mediating Role of Ambiguity in texting communication

Language literacy is essential for effective communication, especially in text-based interactions where nonverbal cues are absent. This study aims to explore the mediating role of feedback in clarifying ambiguity in text messages among students. While there is already research on feedback and language literacy, there is a gap regarding how feedback can specifically address ambiguity in digital communication. Using a descriptive survey method, data was collected from 30 students at Medan State University through a questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp. The analysis results show that syntactic ambiguity is the most prevalent type, followed by semantic and referential ambiguity. The findings showed that feedback strategies such as repetition, reformulation, and explicit clarification significantly improved understanding and reduced miscommunication. Students reported that these strategies helped clarify ambiguous messages and encouraged clearer interactions with the lecturer. In conclusion, effective feedback mechanisms are essential for improving communication clarity in text messages, especially in academic contexts. This study underscores the importance of developing feedback literacy among university students to effectively navigate ambiguity, thereby improving their language literacy and overall communication skills. Further research can extend these findings by exploring different contexts and demographics to generalize the results.

Типы оформления заимствованных слов в якутоязычных интернет-источниках

This article is devoted to one of the current problems of the spelling of the modern Yakut language – the problem of spelling words borrowed from the Russian language. The purpose of the study is to identify the types of writing typical for spelling of loanwords in the Yakut language. The materials for the analysis were Yakut language publications on the Internet. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the very formulation of the problem and in the fact that it is the first study of loanwords in the texts of popular Internet sites in modern linguistics and is aimed at theoretically substantiating the peculiarities of spelling and trends at the present stage of the development of the literary language. The results showed that the loanwords spelled with a partial violation of the phonetic norms of the Yakut language and preserving the shape of the prototype do not comply with spelling rules and the dictionary and lead to loosening of its spelling norms.

Improving mathematics outcomes for multilingual learners in dual language programs through targeted teacher professional development

AbstractProviding instruction in a student's home language through bilingual education has proven to be academically beneficial for multilingual learners (MLLs). The present study contributes to this literature by examining the possibilities and limits of a professional development program (Mathematics and Language Literacy Integration [MALLI] in Dual Language settings) with dual language (Spanish/English) teachers and the impact on elementary grade MLLs' state mathematics and English language proficiency assessment outcomes. MALLI was a year‐long professional development project that included models for integrating language and literacy into Spanish‐language mathematics instruction using Lesson Study with Video Clubs. Coarsened exact matching was utilized to establish a treatment and unbiased comparison group. MLLs taught by MALLI teachers had state mathematics assessment average standardized scores of 0.374 standard deviation units higher than comparison students whose teachers did not participate in MALLI. These results were statistically significant, equivalent to moving the performance of an average MLL from the 50th percentile to the 64.6 percentile rank. However, the effect on State English language proficiency scores was small and not statistically significant. This study illustrates the potential impact of specially designed professional development to improve MLLs' mathematics outcomes.

WAYS OF TRANSLATING ENGLISH YOUTH SLANG BY MEANS OF TRANSLATION TRANSFORMATIONS (based on the materials of the American drama-comedy TV series "Ginny & Georgia")

The article explores the methods and strategies involved in translating youth slang from English into Ukrainian, using the Netflix series “Ginny & Georgia” as a case study. The research underscores the dynamic and rapidly evolving nature of slang, which mirrors social shifts, cultural trends, and generational identities. While traditionally distinct from mainstream literary language, slang has increasingly been recognized as a vital element of informal communication, particularly in the film industry, where it enhances the authenticity of characters' dialogue. One of the primary challenges in translating slang lies in preserving its cultural subtleties, humor, and tone while ensuring it resonates with the target audience. The study examines various translation approaches, including literal translation, lexical substitution, interlinear translation, literary adaptation, and contextual interpretation. Additionally, the article discusses several translation transformations, such as compression (the omission of redundant elements), decompression (the addition of explanatory details), differentiation (selecting from multiple dictionary-provided options for a single source-language term), transliteration, transcription, and calquing. These transformations aim to balance fidelity to the source text with naturalness and cultural relevance in the target language. Examples from “Ginny & Georgia” illustrate the practical application and effectiveness of these methods

Pemerolehan Leksikon Ragam Bahasa Gaul pada Aplikasi X

The study used a qualitative descriptive approach method. The purpose of this study was to determine the acquisition of slang lexicon by teenagers on the X application, providing insight into language in the modern era, the role of social media in language development, understanding slang in forming individual and community identities in social media, and understanding rapid language changes due to technological developments. Language variety is a variation of language that differs according to the context of use, including the relationship between the speaker and the listener. Slang, as a form of variation that continues to develop, is heavily influenced by social media, especially the X application (formerly Twitter), which is the main platform for teenagers. Through interactions on social media, users learn and absorb new vocabulary quickly, which shapes their social identity. This study used a qualitative approach to analyze the slang lexicon that appears in the application, finding categories such as abbreviations, foreign words, and phonological changes. Although slang enriches communication, there is a risk of reducing the use of formal language that needs to be balanced with language literacy education.

Some accentological features of modern southern Russian dialects

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of word stress in southern Russian dialects. The object of the study is dialectal texts recorded in the territory of the southern Russian dialects and representing all groups of dialects of this dialect association. As an introduction to the main part of the study an overview of the main principles of the Old Russian accentual system is given and the directions of its further development are briefly outlined. The essential attention is paid to the accentological behavior of nouns and verbs in modern Russian dialects. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) there are accentological features that distinguish the dialects of two southern Russian zones: the central and easten ones; 2) in the southern Russian dialects there are archaisms and innovations concerning feminine nouns that originally belonged to the accentual paradigm a; 3) in one of the dialects of the Tula group of the southern Russian dialects, feminine nouns of the *-ā declension, belonging to different accentual paradigms, develop the same correlation in the place of stress of the nominative and accusative cases in the singular; 4) masculine nouns with a monosyllabic base of all accentual paradigms have some differences in the southern Russian dialects from the modern Russian literary language; 5) there are dialectal differences associated with the accentuation of the present tense forms of the verb to go and the simple future tense forms of the prefixal derivatives of this verb; 6) there is a number of class IV verbs with an infinitive stem on suffixes -i- and -ě-, which, unlike the literary language, have not changed the accentual paradigm in the present. Thus, accentual archaisms and innovations in southern Russian dialects do not always coincide with accentual archaisms and innovations of the literary language.

Dialect features of the Torgut Kalmyk language (based on the material of N.M. Mandzhiev's prose and field recordings)

This article presents an analysis of the dialect features of the Torgut dialect of the Kalmyk language based on the material of the prose of the Kalmyk writer N.M. Mandzhiev and expedition records collected during the implementation of the RNF research project "Electronic Dialectological Atlas of the Mongolian languages of Russia: basic vocabulary". N.M. Manjiev was one of the founders of Kalmyk literature and made a significant contribution to the development of the literature of the Kalmyk people. He belonged to the representatives of the Torgut ethnic group. In this regard, the dialect features characteristic of the Torgut dialect are preserved in its early editions. In parallel, the material recorded during the expedition to the Republic of Kalmykia according to the 100-word list of Svodesh was used. The subject of this study is the phonetic, grammatical and lexical features of the Torgut dialect. The object of the study is the Torgut dialect, characterized by its proximity to the historical basis. The work uses such methods of linguistic analysis as descriptive, lexical-semantic, comparative-typological and distributive. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the dialectological material presented in the works of N.M. Mandzhiev and field recordings has not yet been practically studied. The research material was the examples selected by the method of continuous sampling from the works of N.M. Mandzhiev. For comparison, field material was used, which was collected during an expedition to the Republic of Kalmykia. The material made it possible to identify features related to the pronunciation of words, the influence of historical vowels on the modern language, the use of case affixes other than the literary language, as well as the semantics of lexemes having a narrow-local existence.

Tatar translations of the Lord’s Prayer (1803–2015) [Part 2

The Bible is the world’s most translated book. Throughout history it has been translated into a great many languages, and these translations have in recent years begun to attract wider attention. This article in‑ vestigates a selection of historical translations of the Lord’s Prayer from the Gospel of Matthew in a language called Tatar, and one contempo‑ rary translation, Volga Tatar. The timespan of the translations extends to over two hundred years: from 1803 to 2015. The translations are com‑ pared on a variety of linguistic levels, with special attention given to the lexicon. Orthography presents a noteworthy challenge, since most are in the Arabic script, not reflecting the nuances of the vowels. Fea‑ tures common to the translations are described, and those distinctive to each text are analysed. I discovered that many of the translations adhere to strict norms of literary language, clearly differing from spoken vari‑ ants. Up to the 20th century many Turkic literary languages were “tran‑ sregional”, that is, similar established literary norms extended over many Turkic peoples, whose spoken languages displayed a far greater variety. Interacting with the biblical text gives us a valuable glimpse of the multiple voices represented by the translations, and the circum‑ stances in which they were created.

Constructions with a secondary union connection in the Russian dialects of the Amur region

The object of the article is the secondary union connection, and the subject is constructions with this type of connection. A secondary union connection takes place when a particular union is included in the syntactic relations between the components of a subordinate phrase, which brings special communicative and pragmatic meanings to its semantics. The purpose is to describe these regional dialect constructions in comparison with similar constructions of the modern Russian literary language. Russian Dialects Dictionary of the Amur Region and the National Corpus of the Russian Language are the empirical basis of the work. Constructions with elementary compositional conjunctions "and", "but", "a", "yes" are considered, because they are the oldest means of syntactic communication and therefore provide an opportunity to analyze the available material taking into account its prototypical features. The article uses the methodology of the Far Eastern Syntactic School, which consists in a multidimensional description of the means of syntactic communication through constructions in the organization of which they participate. Comparative and quantitative methods of analysis are also used. In contrast to the modern Russian literary language, constructions with a secondary union connection in the Russian dialects of the Amur region are of a limited nature. The main array of examples is fixed with the conjunction "but" and with the conjunction "yes" when used in the opposite sense. Constructions with other elementary unions are practically not marked, including with the union "a", which, like the union "but", is also a carrier of oppositional semantics. This, we believe, is a consequence of the fact that the union "a" in the language of consciousness of speakers of Russian dialects of the Amur region is still closely connected with its original meaning – connective-comparative, whereas the secondary connection tends to a contrastive-concessive semantics. The novelty of the research and the personal contribution of the author of the article lies in the fact that for the first time in Russian studies a systematic description of the secondary union connection was made on dialect material. The results of the study provide an opportunity to better understand the principles of the functioning of the secondary union connection not only in the Russian dialects of the Amur region, but also in the system of the Russian national language as a whole.

The Scope of Suffixes in the Formation of Poly-Semantic Verbs in Tajik Literary Language Referring to the 11 th Century

The given article dwells on the scope of suffixes in the formation of po - ly-semantic verbs in Tajik literary language referring to the 11 th century. It is noted that a group of verbs formed by means of suffixes are used with several semantic nuances. In conformity with the author’s opinion one can assert that such lexical units express from two to thirteen meanings. Of course, the number of such verbs with all meanings is not identical: the number of verbs used in two meanings is greater, but words used in thirteen meanings are lesser.

Comparative Analysis of Morphological Peculiarities and word-building potentiality of the Prefix ham- in Tajik Literary Language Referring to 18 th and 20 th centuries

The article dwells on comparative analysis of morphological peculiarities and word­building potentiality of the prefix ham- in Tajik literary language referring to the 18 th and 20 th centuries. The factological material is the historical works and in order to con­ duct the comparative analysis beset with the topic under considerdation, the author used “Tukhfat­ul­khoni” (18 th century), “The History of Manghit Emirs of Bukhara. Muqanna’s Rebellion”, “The History of Intellectual Revolution in Bukhara” (20 th century). It is concluded that the adduced analysis beset with lexical possibilities of the noun forming prefix ham- in the language of the period in question shows that the range of connection of these lexical elements with different lexical units is more widely ­sued, they could be not only nouns, but parts of speech, especially adjectives, infinitive and verbs are added to create new derived words either.

Номінація шаг в українській мові: актуалізація, реінтерпретація, сполучуваність, етимологія

The article examines the functioning of the monetary unit shah in the Ukrainian language of the new period. The material of artistic, dialect, historical and folklore texts shows that the name shah at the beginning of the 19th century denoted a specific coin and later — any small amount of money. It was established that the lexeme shah belongs to the old Ukrainian heritage, which has been preserved in the new Ukrainian literary language. Most etymological sources insist on the Ukrainian origin of the studied name. Until the beginning of the 20th century the lexeme shah was passivized, but due to its high frequency in the previous period it underwent the process of phraseologisation and became element of many phrases that are actively used in the modern Ukrainian literary language. The nomination shah to denote the hundredth part of the hryvnia was first established by the «Law on the monetary unit, minting of coins and printing of state credit bills», which was adopted by the Small Council of the Ukrainian People’s Republic on March 1, 1918. After the defeat of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921, the name of the shah moved to the category of historicism. With the restoration of Ukraine’s independence in 1991, a new stage of updating the name shah began. During the introduction into circulation of the national monetary unit of the hryvnia in 1996 the idea of returning to the nomination shah for a Ukrainian exchange coin appeared. However, at that time the hundredth fraction of the hryvnia was called a kopiika — an old borrowing from the Russian language. On September 2, 2024 the National Bank of Ukraine initiated the change of the name of the exchange coin, the kopiika per shah. A new process of updating and reinterpreting the name of the shah in the Ukrainian language has begun.

Various types of independent work are the key to the development of language culture

Language is a national treasure, a legacy of national heritage from generation to generation, it is important for every person who has devoted his work to teaching. Thirty years have passed since our country flew the flag of sovereignty as an independent state, but the state of the Kazakh language, which secured the status of the state language, undoubtedly worries not only me, but also any sympathizer of the nation. The process of teaching the Russian-speaking audience the state language is conducted within the framework of an appropriate program, starting from school and ending at the university. But we see that many people cannot master this at a basic level. Moreover, such troubles began to appear among our Karakoz descendants as deviation from the literary norm, speech disorders, non-observance of linguistic culture, and succumbing to the influence of another language. How do we explain why? Where do we make a mistake? One of the conclusions of this problem concerns the current process of technological development, the world of media, social networks and the Internet that are associated with it. Undoubtedly, factors such as the enveloping of incomprehensible words, an increase in the number of kalket translations using artificial intelligence, a decrease in the requirements for literary and artistic speech, reduced people's inner feelings and their responsibility. Preservation of linguistic culture, non-violation of the norms of literary language, artistic presentation of pictorial thought remain requirements for the development of the state language.

Are plain language summaries published in health journals written according to instructions and health literacy principles? A systematic environmental scan

BackgroundPlain language summaries (PLSs) are easy-to-understand summaries of research articles that should follow principles of plain language and health literacy. PLS author instructions from health journals help guide authors on...

Phonation Assimilation on the Verge of Various Rhythmic Structures in Modern Ukrainian Literary Language

The article considers cases of the phonetic phenomenon of phonation assimilation between consonant sounds (by the work of the vocal cords, or with the participation of voice, or by sonority or voicelessness), found on the verge of various rhythmic structures (bars) in the modern Ukrainian literary language. The presence or absence of description and examples of this kind of assimilation in scientific works, orthoepic dictionaries, textbooks and teaching aids for higher education institutions are analyzed. It is noted that scientists mainly focus on explaining certain phonetic processes of sounds likening only in the middle of particular words or rhythmic structures. Thus there are more samples with the specified phenomenon with proclitics and very seldom – with enclitics. Possible cases of assimilation at the verge of different phonetic words in separate scientific and educational sources are represented sporadically. It was found that on the verge of different phonetic words, the phenomenon of assimilation in the Ukrainian language without exception occurs when the voiceless consonant is in the position before the voiced, that is, these are cases of assimilation by sonority. Never in the modern Ukrainian literary language is there assimilation to voicelessness on the verge of rhythmic structures. Some scholars believe that partial stunning is possible as an action of colloquial-dialect trends. In cases of changing the posterior-lingual noisy voiceless consonant [х] on the verge of various phonetic words to the paired pharyngeal noisy voiced consonant [г] under the influence of the next any caller, it is worth qualifying double assimilation in place of creation and in sonority. If the deaf hard whistling consonants [c], [ц] of the previous measures fall into position before the next sonorous hard hissing [ж], [д̑ж] at the beginning of the words, then double assimilation occurs in sonority and place and way of creation. Assimilation to two classification features – sonority and softness – is possible when phonetic words of deaf hard consonants [с], [ц] are used on the border before voiced softened [з'], [д̑з'] and soft [д'], as well as deaf hard [т] before voiced soft [д']. Triple assimilation in sonority, place and mode of creation and hardness is characteristic when there is a coincidence between the individual bars of deaf softened whistling [с'], [ц'] before sonorous solid hissing consonants [ж], [д̑ж]. Additional studies require the use of voiceless hissing before sonorous whistles, as well as voiceless breakthrough [т] before sonorous hissing and whistling consonants, which in the way of creation are affricates or slit median consonants, on the verge of different rhythmic structures depending on the pace of pronunciation.

Attributive verbalization of dream in M. Tsvetaeva’s texts

The purpose of research is to study the i individual style specificity of the attribute verbalization of the conceptual meaning of «dream» in M. Tsvetaeva’s texts, during which it is planned to identify the role of the epithetization process in the individual style system of the poet, the semantic content of the concept «dream» in M. Tsvetaeva’s texts, as well as the types of epithet words, verbalizing this meaning.Methods. On the basis of cognitive-semantic, component, lexical-semantic, semantic analysis of dictionary definitions, as well as statistical methods of analysis, the attribute verbalization of the concept «dream» in the texts of M. Tsvetaeva is analyzed. The comparison of the methods of attribute verbalization of this concept in the poet’s idiostyle and in language use was carried out on the basis of the M. Tsvetaeva’s texts and the «Dictionary of Epithets of the Russian Literary Language».The results. The considered types of epithet words that verbalize the attribute nomination of dream in M. Tsvetaeva’s texts made it possible to record a partial coincidence of the qualitative attributes of this object of epithetization with usage, while the majority of epithet words demonstrate non-usual lexical compatibility. The epithet paradigm is represented by various modifications of epithet words from simple to complex and compound. It has been proven that this specificity of the characteristic verbalization of a dream is associated with the poet’s individual style, occasional word creation, and reflection on epithet words.Conclusion. Attributive verbalization of the qualitative characteristics of an object is one of the peculiarities of M. Tsvetaeva’s individual style. The usual attributes of the concept «dream» are realized in its idiolect, but are subject to the author’s reflection and rethought. The selection and emphasizing of occasional attributes of an object occurs throughout the entire creative process and is expressed in non-standard epithet complexes. This trend is associated with M. Tsvetaeva’s focus on the subjective perception of reality, the focus on the ultimate expression of the quality of an object.