Literary Experts Research Articles

ЕКЗИСТЕНЦІЙНІ ОБРАЗИ ТА НАРАТИВИ В ПОЕЗІЇ РІЛЬКЕ (досвід перекладу Богдана Кравціва)

ЕКЗИСТЕНЦІЙНІ ОБРАЗИ ТА НАРАТИВИ В ПОЕЗІЇ РІЛЬКЕ (досвід перекладу Богдана Кравціва)

Literary Translation as an Instrument of Slovenian Cultural Diplomacy with Particular Regard to Translations in German

The article discusses translation policy in Slovenia as part of the country’s cultural diplomacy. Translations of Slovenian literature, especially into German and English, are among the goals of the country’s cultural policy, in part because of Slovenia’s upcoming role as Guest of Honour at the Frankfurt Book Fair in 2023. The article analyses the role of the financial support for and promotion of translations from Slovenian into foreign languages by the Slovenian Book Agency and the Trubar Foundation. The study of subsidies for translations into German, English, French, Italian, Croatian, and Hungarian shows that while the number of subsidies for translations into German and English is high, as expected, Croatian takes the leading role among the target languages studied. This underscores the importance of the still-vibrant social and political ties stemming from the historical context of Yugoslavia. In addition to the crucial role of subsidies in exporting literature from a peripheral language such as Slovenian, the translation process and the promotion of literature depend to a considerable extent on other market actors-as the interviews with three literary experts showed.

Camp female prose (based on «Memories» by Nadiia Surovtsova)

The beginning of the 20th century became the time of the Executed Renaissance for Ukraine. The Soviet totalitarian system sought to subjugate Ukrainian writers with prisons, camps and mass executions. We have a number of testimonies: archival materials of investigative cases, memoirs, epistolaries, camp prose. First of all, it is often a matter of men’s reception of prison and camp experience, men’s literature of fact (nonfiction). Women’s testimonies continue to be a marginal phenomenon. It determines the need to actualize in Ukrainian literature the female camp experience manifested textually.
 The scientific understanding of documentary studies was carried out by a number of Ukrainian literary experts. These are the works of Oleksandr Halych, Nadiia Koloshuk, Mykhailyna Kotsiubynska, Oleh Rarytskyi and others. Women’s camp experience as a text entered the circle of scientific interest only sporadically (texts by Oksana Zabuzhko, Nadiia Koloshuk, Mykhailyna Kotsiubynska, Liudmyla Tarnashynska).
 Nadiia Surovtsova reflects on her camp experience both in prose and poetic words. Her «Memoirs» is a unique sample of women’s nonfiction literature mentioning the path of a young woman to «Golgotha» (prisons, camps). The author focuses not only on her own feelings and thoughts but also on everyday life, people who were close to her and their stories. The book is structured according to the shades of the narrator’s life. She defines two periods that reveal the time «before» and «after»: «Chronicle of short-lived happiness» and «On the other side». It is in the second part we find ourselves together with Nadiia Surovtsova for the first time in Lubianka. In the following chapters of «Memoirs» we get to the «famous Butyrka» and then together with the author we walk the path of suffering «Arkhanhelsk – Golgotha» being full of terrible conditions, poor nutrition, hard work and also the ability to enjoy life and see beauty of nature under such circumstances. The author also talks about the imprisoned female body. We are not talking about maximum frankness but we find naturalistic episodes sporadically (a bloody female body after interrogation, bleeding that becomes unbearable in the absence of water). The path to Golgotha for Nadiia Surovtsova is also a continuous hardening of her own character. She states that she wants to «drink the cup to the bottom» and therefore always chooses new challenges for herself.

Mother-blaming Tradition and Middle-class Families of Post-war British Society in Peter Shaffer’s Equus

Peter Shaffer in his play Equus, portrays Dora Strang, a mother who allegedly provokes her son Alan to commit the crime of blinding six horses. Critics have labelled her the prime agent culpable for Alan’s misdeed. However, a proper analysis and investigation of the playtext reveals Dora as a victim of social pressures. The socio-economic environment of Shaffer’s Post-war British society relied heavily on Sigmund Freud and his theories on family relationships. The mother-blaming tradition flourished in literature when authors and literary experts misinterpreted Freud’s ideologies and employed them to degrade the mother’s maternal commitments and efforts. They held her responsible for her child’s misconducts. Early critics contended that Peter Shaffer was also following this tradition. However, this paper will show that he somewhat differs from it. Dora was frustrated because she adopted ‘motherhood’ as a full-time job like the majority of British middle class women, according to the contemporary social demands. She invested all her skills and energy in child care by discarding her intellectual and professional growth. Consequently, she became disappointed, and she infused her frustrations in Alan. This eventually showcased delinquency in him. In addition, her husband Frank is equally responsible for their son’s misconduct. In light of Freudian psychoanalysis, this paper studies how Dora’s frustration with her limited life provokes Alan’s misdemeanors. Also, by analyzing Freud’s concept of the Father, it shows how Frank as a father drives Dora towards frustration and Alan towards delinquency. Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 159-172

The Narrative Image in the Stories of Mahmoud Jandari’s Rhetoric of Production

The research in monitoring the narrative image is based on the expansionist vision of rhetoric in its understanding of man and existence, as it is linked to the narrative imagination that helps it to extend and form expanded, which enters it into the field of spacious rhetoric, as it invests experience and literary expertise, taste, meditation, and life in the interpretation of the composition of literary images and its connotations, which is commensurate with the spaciousness The world and its ideas. The research was devoted to studying the stories of Mahmoud January, in acknowledgment of this pictorial diversity, which can extend according to the worlds of the imagined text (the world of production, the world of formation, and the world of reception). The research will be confined to shedding light on the world of production, represented by the implicit author on the diversity of its spectra, to monitor the direct relationship that links the text product to the image as it is one of the sources of its production within the literary work

The Thousand and One Nights and Twentieth-Century Fiction: Intertextual Readings by Richard Van Leeuwen

Reviewed by: The Thousand and One Nights and Twentieth-Century Fiction: Intertextual Readings by Richard Van Leeuwen Dominique Jullien (bio) The Thousand and One Nights and Twentieth-Century Fiction: Intertextual Readings. By Richard Van Leeuwen, Brill, 2020, 832 pp. This is an ambitious and capacious survey of twentieth-century fiction, seen through the lens of the Thousand and One Nights as a foundational narrative text and a model for narrative innovation. As Van Leeuwen points out in his introduction, there have been many studies of intertextuality in various national literatures, but a comprehensive survey of the influence of the Nights on twentieth-century fiction as a whole had not been attempted so far. The author is an Arabist and a professor of Comparative Literature at the University of Amsterdam, the translator of the Nights into Dutch, and the coauthor (with Ulrich Marzolph) of the two-volume The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia (2004). This study is also encyclopedic in its shape, method, and goals. The ambition of this learned and stimulating book is to explore a broad sample of [End Page 337] contemporary fiction. Readers find themselves immersed in an ocean of novels and stories. Admittedly, the book's corpus is limited to its author's area of linguistic and literary expertise: the only Asian representative is Japanese writer Haruki Murakami; there are no novelists from Africa, and only two from Latin America (Gabriel García Márquez, unsurprisingly, and more unexpectedly, the Cuban Abilio Estévez). Even so, this book covers such a range of writers, mostly from the Western and Middle Eastern traditions, and commands such an impressive number of languages (Dutch, English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Danish, and Arabic) that it is already a world in itself. The study is organized into six thematic parts: "Enclosures, Journeys, and Texts"; "Capturing the Volatility of Time"; "The Textual Universe"; "Narrating History"; "Identifications, Impersonations, Doubles: The Discontents of (Post-) Modernity"; and "Aftermaths: The Delusions of Politics." Some of the framing themes are reminiscent of Proppian fairy-tale functions (enclosures and departures in Part 1), while others follow dominant themes of twentieth-century fiction, such as politics, time, postmodern metatextuality, or doubles. Each of these thematic umbrellas covers three or four chapters, pairing close comparative readings of two or three different writers. At times the writers are joined because they belong to the same literary movement (Oulipo members Italo Calvino and Georges Perec; magical realists Gabriel García Márquez and Salman Rushdie), or the same national or cultural tradition (Egyptian novelists Tawfiq al-Hakim, Taha Husayn, and Najib Mahfuz); other times the affinity is thematic (the Marquis de Sade and Angela Carter, for their entanglement of sexuality and storytelling), or formal (Vladimir Nabokov and Margaret Atwood, for storytelling as a deferral of death). Very often, the surprise pairing of canonical with less well-known writers is suggestive and exciting. There are numerous rewarding analyses: for instance, on the incidence of the signature technique of embedded tales-within-tales on André Gide's novel Les Faux-Monnayeurs (1925), with its narrative open-endedness and philosophical musings on chance. Or the pages on Proust, which tie back to Hoffmannsthal through the theme of the enclosed space as a narrative precondition, and lead forward to the Turkish writer and Proust admirer Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (1901–62), in an original pairing that highlights the parallel focus on social and historical upheavals in French and Turkish societies, in tension with the narrator's individual time. Claiming no allegiance to a critical method beyond specific studies of individual novelists and novels, the author describes his book as "a mosaiclike overview of different kinds of intertextual relationships" (13). A wise decision, given the vastness of the field. As Robert Irwin acknowledged in his classic Companion to the Arabian Nights (2004), it is an easier task to list the books not influenced by the Nights; quite sensibly, Van Leeuwen also begins by [End Page 338] recognizing the daunting challenge of tracing that ubiquitous influence. His method (multiple close readings) endeavors to do justice to this multitude of rewritings. The book aims to describe an encyclopedic abundance of novels; it does not aspire to theorize. Yet, as readers venture into...

The Epistolary Discourse “Letters to Oles Honchar”: an Addressee-Addresser Strategy

The range of the most topical issues of the up-to-date linguistics allows strengthening by the stylistic differentiation of the literary language. Actually, the researchers’ crucial attention is paid to the core problem of the epistolary discourse’s place within the stylistic paradigm. It is worth mentioning that in the specific structured epistolary style there is an addressee-addresser strategy, which holds a core position. The latter functions as an architectonic centre of the correspondence context. This research contains the thorough disquisition of the “Letters to Oles Honchar” epistolary, including 895 correspondences of the artistic word masters, publicists, literary experts, and specialists to Oles Honchar, the world-fame writer. In fact, the main attention was focused on the addressee (the compiler of the discourse under research clarified 2053 addressees and addressers) of the information, which comes from diverse addressees, different in terms of socio-psychological, cultural-intellectual and other factors, and explicates common and distinct communicative-content filling. It was firstly that the “Letters to Oles Honchar” epistolary appeared to be systemically characterised via the prism of mono-, bi-, and polyaddressability. As a result, the role of the vocative component as a mandatory epistolary attribute, predisposing the discourse formation in general and its contextual fragments in particular, the identification of the genre nature of the letter (primarily, the dichotomy “official / private correspondence”), was deeply examined.

The Legacy of a Revolutionary Thinker: Evaluation on Viscount John Morley's Contribution as a Social Reformer

In the realm of literature, there exists an extraordinary power - the power to reform and improve societies. Besides this responsibility Viscount John Morley stands as a writer, thinker, critic, political leader, orator, journalist, and biographer. With his steadfast dedication, Morley fearlessly confronts all odds and offers a genuine portrayal of the society he seeks to transform. Through his writings, he reveals the kind stories of historical scholars, shaping the course of history itself. This study aims to look into into the exceptional literary contributions of Viscount John Morley, highlighting his invaluable contribution to society.Viscount John Morley, a prominent political leader with flawless management skills, serves as a true embodiment of impartiality in his works. His deliberate and calculated approach allows him to find the way into the complex maze of society, evaluating its various dimensions with precision. Not influenced by personal bias, Morley channels his unique creative thinking into unraveling the true nature of societal issues. It is his sense of independence that distinguishes his role as a literary expert and social advocate.Within the vast realm of literature, Viscount John Morley emerges as a beacon of intellectual enlightenment. His remarkable literary contributions period a multitude of genres, each equally

Hope in the Modern Literary German Psalms

"The modern literary psalms are almost unanimously interpreted in academic literature as a lament on an inaccessible empty transcendence and the unfathomability of God. Nihilism, negativity and the impossibility of dialogue come to the fore; the poems can often be perceived at first glance as blasphemous counterfeits. Yet, beyond the surface level, the aesthetics of modernity plead for a transfiguration of reality, from which the purest distillate of poetry emerges. It is in poetry that hope for the salvation of the individual resides, because it liberates the ego from the constraints of contingency. If one reads psalms of authors such as Nietzsche in his early works, Trakl, Rilke and Stadler, from the point of view of a layman today, who is neither a literary expert nor a theologian, it becomes clear that they are dealing with the same questions that concern people in the increasingly secularized world of the 21st century, and look for clues and help. Therefore, this paper aims to examine whether the modern literary psalms are not perhaps open to hope, or at least allow a glimmer of hope, and then what this hope consists of and what is it anchored in. In contrast to common interpretations, I would like to shed light on their connection with the biblical Psalms, thereby highlighting their soteriological potential."

Tra culto e fascinazione. Il progetto di Roberto Papini per la Tomba di Dante a Ravenna

Roberto Papini (1883-1957) was one of the most influential figures within the Italian architectural debate between the two world wars. Professor of History of Architecture in Florence, he was one of the most up-to-date figures concerning the programmatic and linguistic innovations of foreign architecture, which he spread through his numerous collaborations with large circulation newspapers and magazines. He also held numerous prestigious public positions at the Ministry of Education and Fine Arts and at important cultural institutions. Papini was not a Dante Alighieri scholar, a literary expert or a linguist. Despite this, for over thirty years he sought to modify the urban and architectural conformation of the place where the poet is buried, a theme on which he worked incessantly from 1927, when he formulated the proposal for the area, the only occasion on which he attempted to design architecture from scratch, to 1957. Through the study of unpublished documents kept in his archives in Florence, the contribution will highlight the reasons behind Papini’s obsession and elucidate the way in which he attempted as an intellectual, with his articles and actions, to get his project approved by the local administrations.

Metode, Sumber dan Corak Tafsir Pada Penulisan Kitab Tafsir Isyaratul I’jaz Karya Said Nursi

One of the works of interpretation belonging to Badiuzzaman Said Nursi and the first commentary that he wrote was the interpretation of Signs of I'jaz. The book of interpretation has many features and uniqueness when compared to his other works. Despite being a prima donna among literary experts, this interpretation is less attractive to the general public. The discussion of the interpretation of the Qur'anic verses using language that is quite high turns out to make it difficult for some people to understand. This study aims to examine the sources, methods, and styles used by Said Nursi in writing the interpretation of Isaatul I'jaz. This research is qualitative research by applying the library research method as a way of processing data. From this research, conclusions can be drawn regarding the tahlili method as a method of interpretation. Interpretations that tend to lead towards faith, divinity, and worship are included in the i'tiqadi-style interpretation. Said Nursi uses the Qur'an as the primary source of interpretation, then there are also several previous commentary books as a secondary source of writing his commentary.

Developing self and peer assessment to improve student's appreciative critical ability in learning drama appreciation

This study aims to develop self and peer assessment instruments to improve students' critical and appreciative abilities in learning drama appreciation. This research was conducted by following the ADDIE model development steps, namely needs analysis, product design, product development, product implementation, and product evaluation. There are two types of data in this study, namely qualitative data and quantitative data. Qualitative data is in the form of suggestions and comments from assessment experts, literature experts, and drama appreciation learning experts, as well as students, while quantitative data is in the form of scores obtained from assessment experts, literature experts, and drama appreciation learning experts, as well as students. Both data were obtained through questionnaire guidelines. The data obtained were then analyzed. For qualitative data analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques, while quantitative data using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. From the analysis technique used, it is known that the product developed can increase students' critical appreciative abilities by getting an average percentage of 8.3% for the display aspect, 9.7% for the product content aspect, and 90.4% for the language aspect. The three averages were obtained from assessment experts, literary experts, and drama appreciation learning experts. When testing the product, students got an average score of 82.2% on the aspect of 'student impressions of the use of self and peer assessment in increasing students' critical appreciation skills in learning drama appreciation 'and 80.4% on the aspect of' practicality and ease of self and peer assessment for improve students 'appreciative critical abilities in drama appreciation learning'.

Word and Digit

The author analyzes the negative processes in modern Russian culture including the degradation of the Russian language use in literature, society and mass media; general substitution of Russian terms for borrowed foreign analogues; low artistic level of local television serials; openly pro-Western character of entertainment TV shows. Still these processes have a deeper layer: actual denial of the art educational and instructive role in Russia, including literature, theatre and cinema; the loss of the tradition that envisaged artistic research of social and moral state of the society. Against this background the author studies the dual-community factor of modern Russian literature: “pochvenicheskiy” and “intertextual”. The first interprets literature as part of the national life, when the last defines it as strictly personal issue. The isolation of two communities from each other, the state self-barring from the support of the most important from the point of view of self-identity issues, senses and directions in modern Russian literature, in particular, and in culture and art, in general, lead Russian literature (philology) in the direction of Russophobia commercial exploitation. An important part here is played by the degradation of the institutes of the literary community inner expertise, and in particular – the lowering of the level and quality of literary critic.

Viewpoint: AI as Author – Bridging the Gap Between Machine Learning and Literary Theory

Anticipating the rise in Artificial Intelligence’s ability to produce original works of literature, this study suggests that literariness, or that which constitutes a text as literary, is understudied in relation to text generation. From a computational perspective, literature is particularly challenging because it typically employs figurative and ambiguous language. Literary expertise would be beneficial to understanding how meaning and emotion are conveyed in this art form but is often overlooked. We propose placing experts from two dissimilar disciplines – machine learning and literary studies – in conversation to improve the quality of AI writing. Concentrating on evaluation as a vital stage in the text generation process, the study demonstrates that benefit could be derived from literary theoretical perspectives. This knowledge would improve algorithm design and enable a deeper understanding of how AI learns and generates.
 This article appears in the special track on AI and Society.

PSYCHOANALYTIC MANNER AND ITS RELATION TO THE LITERATURE

This research continues the methodological discussion between psychoanalytically-oriented therapists and their colleagues, who understand the point, the process and the influence of psychotherapy through a CBT-oriented lens. The central point of research is the question of connections between psychoanalysis and literature, or even, of psychoanalysis itself as a kind of literature. The key features of a psychoanalysts mode of thinking is to be found in the plane of aesthetics. It is proposed, that, unlike a CB-therapist, who mainly goes by the rational principles of cognition, a psychoanalyst is prone to experience the reality of psychotherapy in terms of literary aesthetics, and their attempts to verbalize their understanding of the patient is based on a literary perspective. There exists certain similarity between a writers work, as he tries to embody an imaginary character onto a page, and an analysts work, as he tries to incorporate his analytic intuition into a psychodynamic hypothesis and create a psychological portrait of the patient. Thus, the article is focused on the empirical exploration of therapeutic texts, made by therapists based on viewing an unstructured first-session interview, executed by therapists with different levels of psychotherapeutic education, experience and predisposition to psychoanalytic thinking. (For measuring said predisposition an adaptation of the Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale(CPPS) has been carried out, its inner coherence and diagnostic validity have been established. The results of simultaneous independent criterion-based analysis of the produced texts by literary experts and psychoanalytic supervisors have shown, that the literary aesthetic is an a priory feature of the descriptions of psychoanalysts, and the more so, the higher the analysts therapeutic quality. This does not so much concern the artistic value of the descriptions, but the artistic taste: the ability to distinguish kitsch and artistic form, and the ability to integrate them into new gestalts on basis of sensual harmony. Thus, the evidence supports the claim, that artistic taste is a fundamental feature of a psychoanalysts therapeutic cognition. It is particularly the aesthetic ability of the analyst, which allows for the specific non-goal-oriented approach to his therapeutic influence, which gives room to the development of the true Self according to Winnicott, and further separates the therapeutic process from the goal-oriented therapeutic learning. Thus it is concluded, that the analytic process from the position of aesthetics may fall under the risk of devolving into forms of kitsch practices.

WACANA ESTETIKA ISLAM DALAM SASTERA KANAK-KANAK INDONESIA ERA ORDE BARU TAHUN 1980-AN

This research focused on the spread of aesthetic discourse in Islamic literature, especially Islamic Indonesian children’s literature which was marginalised in Indonesian literature history. The paper aimed to identify the system of exclusion or prohibition, restrictions to discourse and genealogical aesthetics of Islamic children’s literature. The data utilised were various discourses available in Indonesian literature, aesthetics in the history of the literature mentioned, Indonesian literary experts and critics’ opinions, and different information related to the topic. Data interpretation was executed based on the strategy introduced by Michel Foucault on discourse and power. Results showed that the discourse of Islamic literary aesthetics was deliberately eliminated during the New Order era because it was believed to be a part of the right-wing political power apparatus. That exclusion was carried out with restrictions and prohibitions by highlighting the aesthetics of development and modernity as the dominant aesthetic discourse in Indonesian literature, such as universal humanism. The history of aesthetic discourse in Islamic literature, including Islamic children’s literature, appeared significantly during the Post-Reformation era due to the New Order’s collapse. Hence aesthetic discourses that emerged afterwards were highly diverse and on par with other genres. Keywords: Islamic literary aesthetic discourse, children’s literature, Indonesian literary history.

Burcu Alkan, Promethean Encounters: Representation of the Intellectual in the Modern Turkish Novel of the 1970s

Reviewed by: Promethean Encounters: Representation of the Intellectual in the Modern Turkish Novel of the 1970s by Burcu Alkan Béatrice Hendrich Burcu Alkan. Promethean Encounters: Representation of the Intellectual in the Modern Turkish Novel of the 1970s. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2018. 144 pp. + xi. Paper, €39. ISBN: 978-3447109833. In the literary history of the Ottoman Empire and Turkey, the genres novel and short story appeared only in the later nineteenth century as the characteristic forms of the so-called modern literature. From this perspective, we are talking about a relatively young genre which has developed since then, at a breathtaking pace, not only catching up with the much longer development of these narrative forms in other countries and embedding itself into World Literature, but also producing genuine sub-genres and, even if to a lesser extent, genuine literary forms which cater to the specific themes of these sub-genres. It is regrettable that literary criticism, which would both raise awareness about this cultural production and serve the reception side with more insight and literary expertise, has not (yet) achieved the same level. Instead, it lags far behind the scope, quality, and sheer number of the literary texts. For these and other reasons, the publication of Burcu Alkan's Promethean Encounters. Representation of the Intellectual in the Modern Turkish Novel of the 1970s is a very welcome and absolutely necessary work tailored for academics as well as for a broader readership. Beyond that, it is particularly helpful for literary scholars with no access to secondary sources in the Turkish language and/or in need of further background information regarding certain aspects of the story or implicit references which are otherwise obvious to the readership of Turkey. [End Page 286] Promethean Encounters focuses on the nature and place of intellectuals in Turkey as they are presented in a number of skillfully selected novels. These novels were published in the 1970s, while the narrated time span covers the years between the end of the First World War and the period after the military intervention in 1971, that is in the early 1970s. Almost fifty years after their publication, Ölmeye Yatmak (Lying Down to Die, 1973) by Adalet Ağaoğlu, Bıçağın Ucu (Edge of the Knife, 1973) and Yaraya Tuz Basmak (Rubbing Salt in the Wounds, 1978) by Attilâ İlhan, and Kırk Yedili'ler (Generation of '47, 1974) by Füruzan can be considered modern classics of Turkey's prose literature. The novels display a world which hovers at the edge of oblivion inside Turkey, while being fairly unknown in their political and societal significance to the international readership. And just because these novels have become so "canonical," there is a danger that the powerful descriptions of these masters of the word will be taken for reality, for a historiographic description of "what has really happened." This is where the academic's job starts, to read the novel as a representation written under certain circumstances by authors which—particularly in Turkey—quite often "have a cause." Burcu Alkan defines her research focus as the presentation of the intellectual in his/her "relation to the transformation of the political culture in Turkey" (p. 2). The tides of political life in Turkey have always been impressively quick and harsh, so a timespan of ten years can include the announcement of a rather progressive state constitution, the emergence of armed radical groups, and the violent suppression of political freedom by military intervention, together with mass imprisonment and torture. While the coup of 1960 had been welcomed by many intellectuals as a move towards a secular and progressive state, the emerging political strife and eventually the intervention of 1971 put an end to the hopes, or illusions, of a young generation which had been shaped by the belief in Kemalism and secular progress, but also had fought against a "wrong Westernization" in the form of dependency on the capitalist West and NATO. This generation, which was, among other factors, influenced by the international students' movement of 1968, is named "The '47s" by Füruzan in allusion to their birth year. As Alkan correctly mentions, in Turkey authors of modern literature have always...

The online comic development of Indonesian Folklore as a literature learning media for millennials

Online comic of Indonesian Folklore is an oral-digital transformation which is less developed as a media of literature for millenials. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to develop online comic with Indonesian folklore content for Millennials, it can also be used in education field. This study and development was carried out by using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation). The feasibility of online comic of Indonesian folklore was assessed by literary experts and digital art media experts. It was tested to 30 final year students. The result of the development is in the form of online comic of Indonesian folklore that contain of story about Ratu Shima. All stages of the development of online comic were carried out digitally, starting from the digital sketch process to its publication on the online comic platform. Online comic of Indonesian folklore prove to be feasible to be used based on software indicators, easy to use, visual communication, and story content. Online comic is highly recommended as a new media of literature for millennials.

Aspek Gramatikal dan Leksikal pada Lirik Lagu Jangan Rubah Takdirku Karya Andmesh Kamelang

The purpose of this research was to describe the grammatical and lexical aspects in the lyrics of the song Jangan Rubah Takdirku by Andmesh Kamelang. The research method uses microstructural methods. The collection technique uses documentation techniques by downloading the song Jangan Rubah Takdirku via Youtube. The main instrument in this research is the researcher who is assisted by a device. Data analysis techniques by means of data reduction, data tabulation, data display, interpretation, and conclusions. Test the validity of the data using membercheck and validation from literary experts. The results showed that the grammatical and lexical aspects in the lyrics of the song Jangan Rubah Takdirku, sung by Andmesh Kamelang, present a deep meaning about the life journey of a person who is full of hard work, loyalty, and hope of love for someone he loves. Grammatical aspects and lexical aspects build up each other so that the song Jangan Rubah Takdirku becomes a song that impresses the listeners. The grammatical aspect found in the song is referencing marked by the presence of the word dia and impingement by the presence of each word. Then, the lexical aspect that was found was repetition which was marked by the presence of the words I want, in each, and I did not, and synomini was marked by the presence of the words weak and shaky.

National Identity Formation under Statelessness: Experience of Ukraine in Soviet Times

The issue of national identity is multifaceted, disputable and extremely important in modern society, being one of the factors that determine its vitality. This paper presents the look at the problem from pedagogical perspective. The authors aim to explore the peculiarities of the formation of Ukrainian national identity in native intelligentsia under Ukrainian statelessness in Soviet times using the life and activity of Yurii Stupak as an example. Yurii Stupak is a notable representative of Ukrainian intelligentsia, an educator, scholar, literary studies expert, art critic, local history researcher, the author of numerous works in history of education and ethno-pedagogy. The study uses qualitative methodology and is founded on the laws and categories of scientific research. The researchers applied modern research approaches (personality oriented, cultural, personified, interdisciplinary) and methods (general scientific analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization; textual analysis, elaboration of the source base and historiographical work on the selected problem; the method of retrospective analysis). The authors have established that formation of the personality of Yurii Stupak as a teacher and scholar was influenced by numerous socio-political, socio-economic, cultural-educational and personal factors. The authors prove the decisive impact of family education and learning from nationally conscious teachers at higher education institutions as well as self-education and will for constant personal and professional development on facilitating the continuity of the process of formation of Ukrainian national identity in the native intelligentsia during the investigated period. It is confirmed that national identity does not depend on the existence of sovereign statehood, but it stimulates its revival.