Lipid Profile In Adolescents Research Articles

Взаємозв’язок ліпідного профілю та вітаміну D у підлітків з ожирінням на тлі дисфункції гіпоталамуса

Vitamin D deficiency is quite common in pediatric practice, including in overweight/obese patients. Hypothalamic dysfunction in children and adolescents is characterized by excess body weight(BW)/obesity of various degrees, and cardiovascular disorders. Several studies demonstrate an inverse relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH)D levels and obesity and insulin resistance. The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between vitamin D status and lipid profile in adolescents with hypothalamic dysfunction and overweight/obesity. 87 children and adolescents with hypothalamic dysfunction (40 boys and 47 girls) were examined. 39 patients (44.8%) were overweight; 23 (26.4%), 16 (18.4%) and 9 (10.4%) people had obesity of the Ist, 2dn, and 3rd degree, respectively. Hypovitaminosis D was established in 88.5% of patients. A comparative analysis of serum 25(OH)D depending on the severity of obesity showed a decrease in its level in patients with excess BW - 69.30 ± 5.14 nmol/l and 1st-degree obesity – 52.60 ± 4.17 nmol/l and significant vitamin D deficiency in persons with the 2nd and 3rd-degree obesity (36.20 ± 3.75 nmol/l, 23.10 ± 3.12 nmol/l, respectively). It has been shown that a decrease in serum 25(OH)D levels is associated with a decrease in HDLC levels, while levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, LDL-C, and the atherogenicity index reliably increase. The relationship between the levels of vitamin D and the HOMAIR, and leptin and insulin levels is shown. In patients with hypothalamic dysfunction and excess BW/obesity, body mass index is likely to be associated with serum 25(OH)D. The most significant changes in lipid fractions were observed in patients with 3rd-degree obesity, who had the lowest serum 25(OH) D. In patients with hypothalamic dysfunction, an increase in the atherogenicity index and triglyceride levels is observed, corresponding to the rise in obesity degree and a decrease of serum 25(OH)D. It was established that in patients with hypothalamic dysfunction against the background of vitamin D deficiency, there is a reliable increase in the level of TC and HDL-C to the control group in the 3rd degree of obesity and a reliable decrease in HDL-C in the 2nd and 3rd degree of obesity. An increase in leptin and insulin levels occurs already under excess BW, and their levels prolong the increase with increasing obesity degree and vitamin D deficiency. Against the background of hypovitaminosis D, the levels of leptin and insulin in patients with hypothalamic dysfunction exceed the normative indicators by 3.5-7 times with 2nd degree of obesity and 3.5-4 times – with 3rd degree of obesity. In adolescents with hypothalamic dysfunction, a reliable increase (by 2-6 times) of the HOMA-IR is observed in parallel with an increase in the degree of obesity and vitamin D deficiency.

Lipid profile in adolescents and young adults with online game addiction

Lipid profile in adolescents and young adults with online game addiction

The Effect of Saffron Kozanis (Crocus sativus L.) Supplementation on Weight Management, Glycemic Markers and Lipid Profile in Adolescents with Obesity: A Double-Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Global rates of adolescent obesity have led the World Health Organization to consider the disease a pandemic that needs focus. In search of new anti-obesity agents, Crocus sativus, popularly known as saffron, is a nutraceutical agent, praised for its beneficial effects. The study aimed to investigate the possible effect of Kozanis saffron administration on weight management of obese prediabetic adolescents. Seventy-four obese prediabetic adolescents participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of three arms, randomly assigned to receive either Kozanis saffron (n = 25, 60 mg/day), metformin (n = 25, 1000 mg/day) or a placebo (n = 24), for twelve weeks. Anthropometry, glycemic markers and lipid profiles were investigated at baseline and post-intervention. Saffron supplementation significantly reduced the weight z-score, BMI, BMI z-score and waist circumference (WC) of obese adolescents; however, this reduction was less significant compared to the effect of metformin. Metformin administration offered a significantly more profound improvement in anthropometry compared to saffron administration. Saffron administration also provided significant improvements in weight, weight z-scores, BMI values, BMI z-scores and WCs compared to the placebo. Saffron supplementation failed to change any glycemic marker, but provided a significant reduction in fasting triglyceride levels and also a significant increase in fasting HDL levels. Saffron Kozanis constitutes a promising nutraceutical option for adolescents and children with obesity and prediabetes in need of weight management.

Moderate-intensity continuous training has time-specific effects on the lipid metabolism of adolescents.

Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) is used to observe lipidomic effects in adults. However, the efects of MICT on lipid metabolism in adolescents remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to longitudinally characterize the lipid profile in adolescents during different periods of 6-week MICT. Fifteen adolescents undertook bicycle training at 65% of maximal oxygen consumption. Plasma samples were collected at four time points (T0, T1, T2, and T3). Targeted lipidomics was assessed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to characterize the plasma lipid profiles of the participants to identify the lipids present at differing concentrations and changes in lipid species with time. MICT afected the plasma lipid profiles of the adolescents. The concentrations of diglycerides, phosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine were increased at T1, decreased at T2, and increased again at T3. Fatty acids (FAs) showed an opposite trend. Ether-linked alkylphosphatidylcholine and triglycerides were significantly increased and remained high. Sphingolipid concentrations initially decreased and then remained low. Therefore, a single bout of exercise had substantial efects on lipid metabolism, but by T3, fewer lipid species were present at significantly diferent concentrations and the magnitudes of the remaining diferences were smaller than those at earlier times. Among all the changed lipids, only DG(14:1/18:1), HexCer(d18:1/22:1) and FA(22:0) showed no significant correlations with any other 51 lipids (P < 0.05). Glycerides and phospholipids showed positive correlations with each other (P < 0.05), but FAs were significantly negatively correlated with glycerides and phospholipids while positively with other FAs (P < 0.05). Pathway enrichment analysis showed that 50% of the metabolic pathways represented were related to lipid metabolism and lipid biosynthesis. MICT increases ether-linked alkylphosphatidylcholine and triglyceride concentrations. Diglyceride, phosphatidylinositol, and lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations initially rise and then decrease 6 weeks after MICT, but FA concentrations show an opposite trend. These changes might correlate with lipid metabolism or biosynthesis pathways.

Association of Blood Total Mercury with Dyslipidemia in a sample of U.S. Adolescents: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database, 2011–2018

BackgroundAbnormal lipid profiles in adolescents predict metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. While seafood consumption is the primary source of mercury exposure, it also provides beneficial nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA). Prior studies indicate that blood total mercury (TBHg) has endocrine disrupting effects and may be associated with abnormal lipid profiles in adolescents. However, the impact of beneficial nutrients on this relationship has not been examined. Our study investigated the relationship of TBHg with dyslipidemia and lipid profiles and potential confounding and modification of these relationships by sex, body mass index (BMI), selenium and O3FA from seafood consumption. MethodsWe examined 1,390 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants 12-19 years of age from the 2011-2018 cycles. Using logistic and linear regression adjusted for survey design variables and stratified by sex a priori, we estimated the associations of TBHg and methylmercury with dyslipidemia, and with total cholesterol (TC), high (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides. ResultsThe geometric mean of TBHg in this adolescent population was 0.44 µg/L. After controlling for sociodemographic covariates, BMI, serum selenium, age at menarche (females only) and average daily intake of O3FA; TBHg was significantly associated with higher TC levels (β=3.34, 95% CI: 0.19, 6.50; p<0.05) in females but not males. Methyl Hg was also associated with increased TC, as well as decreased HDL-C in females but not males. We did not find significant associations of Hg exposure with dyslipidemia, LDL-C or triglycerides levels in either male or female adolescents. However, we observed evidence of effect modification by BMI and serum selenium for associations of TBHg with TC levels in male and female adolescents, respectively. ConclusionOur findings of elevated TC levels in females but not males necessitates further research to better understand the underlying mechanisms driving these sex-specific associations.

Longitudinal association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and lipid profile indicators in adolescents

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to examine the association between time engaged in moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA), and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) physical activity (PA) and indicators of lipid profile in adolescents. This longitudinal study with a four-year follow-up, and three collection points (2014, 2015 and 2017) analyzed the data of 136 adolescents (10−13 years old; 53.7% girls), in João Pessoa, Brazil. The time in MPA, VPA and MVPA times was measured by accelerometers. The lipid profile indicators analyzed were total cholesterol (TC), low-density (LDL-C) and high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-c ratios. There was an inverse association between MPA time and TC values (ß = −0.560; 95%CI: −1.116; −0.004); VPA and LDL-C (ß = −0.962; 95%CI: −1.678; −0.246) and non-HDL-C (ß = −0.955; 95%CI: −1.708; −0.201); and MVPA and TC (ß = −0.436; 95%CI: −0.816; −0.055), TG (ß = −0.415; 95%CI: −0.712; −0.118), LDL-C (ß = −0.460; 95%CI: −0.823; −0.096), non-HDL-C (ß = −0.522; 95%CI: −0.908; −0.136) and TC/HDL-C (ß = −0.472; 95%CI: −0.889; −0.055). Adolescents more engaged in PA, especially in MVPA, exhibited better levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and TC/HDL-C; and AFV exerted a greater influence on LDL-c and non-HDL-c levels. Highlights This study is one of the first observational longitudinal studies to analyze the association between different PA intensities, measured by accelerometer, and lipid profile indicators, with a 4-year follow-up and 3 collection points in adolescents from a low-to-middle income country; Adolescents engaged in PA, especially MVPA intensity, obtained better TC, TG, LDL-c, non-HDL-C and TC/HDL-C levels; VPA was more strongly associated with LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels compared to MVPA.

Multilevel Understanding of the Impact of Individual- and School-Level Determinants on Lipid Profiles in Adolescents: The Cross-Level Interaction of Food Environment and Body Mass Index.

Adolescents with comparable personal risk factors may have different lipid profiles because of the school’s context. Lipid determinants in adolescents should be considered using a multilevel perspective. This multilevel study investigated the effects of individual-level and school-level factors on lipid profiles in adolescents and evaluated the cross-level influence of lipid determinants. A representative adolescent cohort (n = 2727) was randomly selected from 36 schools in three diverse economic areas in Taiwan and assessed for their personal dietary patterns, physical parameters, and lipid profiles. For individual-level factors, both low physical activity and high body mass index (BMI) were associated with elevated triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (TC) levels, and a sugar-sweetened beverage intake of >500 mL/day was associated with increases of 5.97 and 6.12 mg/dL in LDL-C and TC levels, respectively, compared with abstinence. Regarding school-level factors, students in schools with ≥2 health promotion programs per year had a 5.27 mg/dL lower level of LDL-C than those in schools with 0–1 program, and students in schools with ≥46 food outlets within 600 m of the school had 6.90 and 13.3 mg/dL higher levels of TG and TC, respectively, than those in schools with <46 food outlets. School context modified the individual-level positive correlation between BMI and TG level (the p-value for the random-slope effect was 0.003). In conclusion, individual-level and school-level factors exert a multilevel effect on adolescent lipid profiles. The food environment near the school has a stronger cross-level impact on individual TG levels in adolescents with a high BMI than in those with a normal BMI.

Effect of Selected After-School Physical Activity Protocol on Levels of CRP, miR-125a-5p, and Lipid Profile of Children with Overweight/Obesity

Background: One of the causes of arterial endothelial dysfunction in adulthood is obesity or overweight in childhood or adolescence. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a selected after-school physical activity protocol on peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), C-reactive protein (CRP), miR-125a-5p level, and lipid profile of male children with overweight/obesity. Methods: Twenty-four boy children with overweight/obesity (aged 13 - 15 years) were assigned to after-school physical activity (APA, BMI = 27.5±1.4 kg/m2, n = 12) and control (CON, BMI = 26.28 ± 2.3 kg/m2, n = 12) groups. The APA participants took part in exercise intervention for 12 weeks, three sessions per week. Changes in VO2peak, CRP, miR-125a-5p, and lipid profile of participants were assessed before and after exercise interventions. Results: There were significant reductions in CRP (-27.7% vs. 9.7%), miR-125a-5p (36.7% vs. 7.6%), fat percentage (-8.24% vs. 0.7%), LDL (-17.66% vs. 1.9%), and triglycerides (-15.7% vs. 5.9%) in APA and CON groups after 12-week exercise intervention (P &lt; 0.05). In contrast, a significant increase was found in HDL (7.7% vs. -0.6%) and VO2peak (4.83% vs. -1.6%) (P &lt; 0.05). There were significant between-group differences in all measured variables, except for BMI. Conclusions: After-school physical activity effectively improved the endothelial dysfunction and lipid profile of adolescents with overweight/obesity. Therefore, based on the positive effects of these physical activities performed out of school, further use of after-school physical activity programs is suggested.

Body awareness mediates the relationship between body mass index and lipid profiles in adolescents.

The purposes of this study were to 1) investigate the relationship between body awareness and anthropometric measurements and lipid profile in adolescents, 2) determine the potential mediating effect of body awareness due to body mass index (BMI) on lipid profiles. The study was carried out with 272 volunteer adolescents between the ages of 10-18 who applied to a private nutrition and counseling clinic. Anthropometric measurements of the participants were evaluated including body height body weight, waist and neck, and mid-upper arm circumference. The lipid profile including total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein-cholestero (LDL-c) and triglyceride was analyzed. A body awareness questionnaire (BAQ), a seven-point Likert-type questionnaire consisting of 18 statements, was administered and questionnaire is interpreted on the total score, and the higher score reflects better body sensitivity. Correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and path analysis were performed. Body awareness scores were negatively associated with all anthropometric measurements, namely, BMI, body weight and fat percentage waist and neck and mid-upper arm circumference (all p < 0.05). Body awareness was found to have a negative linear regression relationship with lipid profiles except than HDL-c. The results of path analysis showed that the direct effect of lipid profiles in relation to BMI and the indirect effect of BAQ was statistically significant. This result indicates that body awareness partial mediated the relationship between BMI and lipid profiles. The research results suggested that increased body awareness is associated body awareness with a lower risk and a decreased body awareness is associated with a higher risk of developing obesity and dyslipidemia.

Benefits of metformin add-on insulin therapy (MAIT) for HbA1c and lipid profile in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: preliminary report from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial

Abstract Objectives Metabolic control during puberty is impaired in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients due to increased insulin resistance. Metformin is one of the oral medications typically used in type 2 diabetes mellitus to reduce insulin resistance. We aimed to examine the effect of metformin on glycemic indices and insulin daily dosage in adolescents with T1DM. Methods The present clinical trial was carried out on 50 adolescents aged 10–20 years with T1DM referred to the Endocrinology Clinic of Mofid Children’s Hospital in Tehran for nine months. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the first group, metformin was added to insulin therapy, while the second group continued routine insulin therapy combined with placebo. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, BMI, insulin dosage, and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study and repeated every three months. Serum lipid profile, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and liver enzymes were also measured twice: At the beginning and end of the study (after nine months). Results The HbA1c level (p&lt;0.001) and insulin dosage (p=0.04) were lower in the metformin group than in the placebo group after nine months. Daily insulin dosage variability was significantly lower in the metformin recipient group (p=0.041). Serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and creatinine were significantly lower in the metformin arm than in the placebo arm (p&lt;0.05). However, metformin did not affect LDL, HDL, liver enzymes, and BUN. Conclusions Adjunctive metformin therapy reduces insulin dosage by inhibiting insulin resistance and weight gain. It helps decrease daily insulin dosage variability, which may prevent hypoglycemia. Also, metformin reduces creatinine, preventing renal failure in the long term.

Hunger Hormones in Adolescents with Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder: An Exploratory Study

Background: Hunger hormones, including ghrelin and leptin, are associated with appetitive behaviors in various psychiatric disorders. Biochemical and hormonal status in disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in adolescents is largely unexplored. Objectives: The study aimed to assess levels of leptin and ghrelin and find their association with lipid profiles in adolescents with DMDD. Methods: Twenty adolescents with a DSM 5 diagnosis of DMDD with age and gender-matched 19 healthy controls were recruited, followed by clinical assessment. They were assessed for leptin, ghrelin, and lipid profiles, respectively. Results: Adolescents with DMDD were comparable in age, education, family income, domicile status, psychiatric illness in the family, and body mass index (BMI) with matched controls. There was no difference in mean lipid profile and ghrelin in both groups. However, the DMDD group had a statistically significant higher mean level of leptin as compared to the control group (t=1.84, p &lt; 0.05). As measured by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale in DMDD, aggression showed a significant positive correlation with lipid profile measures. Conclusion: Adolescents with DMDD have elevated serum leptin levels. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.

Характеристика ліпідного обміну в підлітків з ожирінням та ознаками метаболічного синдрому

One of the most important issues of modern medical science is the metabolic syndrome, the origins of which begin in childhood and adolescence. Diagnostic criterias for metabolic syndrome for children are developed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2007). It is known that atherogenic dyslipidemia is one of the main and early criteria of the metabolic syndrome and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic process and associated cardiovascular diseases. Due to the insufficient amount of information about the nature of dyslipidemia in adolescents and the possibilities for its correction and prevention, the study of this problem is relevant. Purpose - to study the characteristics of lipid profile in adolescents with obesity and signs of metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods. We examined 200 obese patients aged 14-18 years, who were divided into two groups: with and without metabolic syndrome according to current recommendations. The control group consisted of 30 adolescents with normal body weight of a similar age. To achieve the goal, all adolescents underwent a comprehensive examination with a focus on the lipid profile of blood using standardized methods in accordance with the IFCC recommendations on a Cormay Multi semi-automatic photometer. The level of β-lipoproteins in blood serum was determined by the turbidimetric method of Burstein M. and Samaille F. Results. In adolescents with metabolic syndrome, signs of atherogenic dyslipidemia were found, manifested in the form of elevated levels of triglycerides, low and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, β-lipoproteins, a tendency to decrease high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Reliable correlations were established in the lipid profile of the blood of the examined, and reliable relationships were determined between the indicators of atherogenic dyslipidemia and anthropometric measurements, which indicates an increased risk of lipid metabolic disturbances in individuals with abdominal obesity. Conclusions. The results will help to focus the attention of practitioners regarding atherogenic dyslipidemia in adolescents with obesity and signs of metabolic syndrome, as well as contribute to early therapeutic intervention and prevention of consequences. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author. Key words: adolescents, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia.

Effects of two different school-based training on serum miR15b expression and lipid profile of adolescents with obesity

Some circulating microRNAs, such as miR15b, are predictors of diseases associated with adulthood obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two selected school-based and high-intensity interval training (HIT) on miR15b expression and lipid profile of obese adolescents. Thirty-eight adolescent males (12 ± 1 years) with obesity (body mass: 74.7 ± 13.2 kg, body mass index (BMI): 26.0 ± 2.3 kg/m2, and body fat (BF): 27.2 ± 3.6%) were randomly assigned to the following based on the age-related body mass index: (i) HIT (n = 13), (ii) school-based exercises (SBE, n = 13), and (iii) control (n = 12) groups. Mir15b was extracted using the RT-PCR system, and lipid profile was studied using the enzymatic colorimetric method before and after 12 weeks. Three training sessions were held each week during the course. Following the exercise interventions, in both training groups, miR15b (HIT: -63.8 vs. SBE: -56. 7%; P = 0.001), cholesterol (HIT: -8.8 vs. SBE: -9.2%; P = 0.025), and low-density lipoproteins levels (SBE: -13.1 vs. -20.8%; P = 0.48) decreased; however, the peak oxygen uptake of subjects increased (HIT: 4.0 vs. SBE: 4.0%; P = 0.003). However, there were no significant differences in triglyceride (HIT: -16.9 vs. SBE: -8.3%; P = 0.134), and high-density lipoprotein (HIT: 3.1 vs. SBE: 4.8%; P = 0.479) levels between both intervention and control groups (P > 0.05). The results showed that both types of exercises had almost similar effects on reducing miR15b expression and improving the lipid profile. Hence, based on the difficult nature of HIT for children with obesity, further use of school-based exercises is suggested.

Trends in Serum Lipid Profiles Among Korean Adolescents, 2007-2018.

PurposeAn adverse lipid profile in adolescence often persists into adulthood, resulting in cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the trends in the prevalence of adverse lipid profiles among Korean adolescents from 2007 to 2018.Patients and MethodsThe data were obtained from 9044 adolescents aged 10–19 years who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) from 2007 to 2018. Fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels were analyzed.ResultsSignificantly increasing trends in age-standardized prevalence of hypercholesterolemia [from 5.6% to 9.4% in boys (P = 0.004); from 8.1% to 12.4% in girls (P = 0.01)] and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia [from 4.3% to 8.0% in boys (P = 0.003); from 6.6% to 9.7% in girls (P = 0.035)] were noted in both sexes. In contrast, the prevalence of hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia decreased significantly from 20.0% to 12.5% in boys (<0.001) and from 12.4% to 6.9% in girls (P < 0.001). There were no significant changes in the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hyper-non-HDL-cholesterolemia in both sexes. Accordingly, the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia showed only a modest decline in boys (from 31.8% to 28.7%) and a stable trend in girls (from 28.9% to 28.2%).ConclusionThe prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia increased and that of hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia decreased among Korean adolescents over the recent 12 years. Further studies are needed to explain these trends and possible associations with lifestyle factors.

Association of PRDM16 rs12409277 and CtBP2 rs1561589 gene polymorphisms with lipid profile of adolescents.

Positive regulatory domain containing 16 (PRDM16) protein represents the key regulator of brown adipose tissue (BAT) development. It induces brown fat phenotype and represses white adipose tissue specific genes through the association with C-terminal binding co-repressor proteins (CtBP1 and CtBP2). In healthy adults presence of BAT has been associated with lower glucose, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Our aim was to analyze the association of PRDM16 gene (rs12409277) and CtBP2 gene (rs1561589) polymorphisms with body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose level and lipid profile of adolescents. Our study included 295 healthy school children, 145 boys (49.2%) and 150 girls (50.8%), 15 years of age. Genotypes for the selected polymorphisms were detected by the real-time PCR method. Age, gender, height, weight, lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides) and fasting glucose levels were recorded. We did not find a statistically significant association of rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphisms with BMI, fasting glucose and lipid profile of adolescents. We further analyzed the combined effect of the two SNPs and the statistical analysis showed that carriers of CT genotype of rs12409277 polymorphism and GG genotype of rs1561589 polymorphism had significantly lower total cholesterol (p = 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.008) levels compared to all other groups of genotypes. Our study suggests that rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphism might have an influence on total and LDL cholesterol levels in adolescents. Larger studies should be performed in order to confirm our results.

Effects of the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet on blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profile in adolescents with hemophilia: A randomized clinical trial.

Children with hemophilia are an enhanced risk of modifiable cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities. There is currently no nutritional guideline to prevent or manage cardiometabolic risk factors in these patients. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the effect of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors among children with hemophilia. In this parallel randomized clinical trial, 40 children (all male) with hemophilia were randomly allocated to the DASH group (n = 20) or control group (n = 20) for 10 weeks. The intervention group received the DASH diet (50%–55% of energy from carbohydrate, 27%–30% of energy from fat and 16%–18% energy from protein), and the control group received nutritional recommendations based on healthy eating practices. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Serum vitamin C was measured as a biomarker of compliance with the DASH diet. Study was registered at IRCT.ir (IRCT20130903014551N6). A significant increase in serum vitamin C in the DASH diet group was observed compared to the control group (p = .001), indicating good compliance with the DASH diet. There was a significant reduction in SBP (−0.48 mmHg), DBP (−0.48 mmHg), FBS (−5.86 mg/dl), TC (−16.07 mg/dl), TG (−17.21 mg/dl), and LDL‐C (−9.79 mg/dl), and a significant increase in HDL‐C (3.39 mg/dl), in the DASH diet group compared with the control group. Adherence to the DASH diet in children with hemophilia yielded beneficial effects in blood pressure, lipid profiles, and FBS.

Influence of weight gain on the lipid profile of adolescents

Influence of weight gain on the lipid profile of adolescents

Are sportive games affecting the lipid profile in adolescents?

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sportive games on the lipid profile in some selected branches for ten weeks applied to adolescents. 11-14 age range; A total of 52 children, 26 in the study group and 26 in the control group, participated voluntarily in research. While the participants in the control group were only attending physical education lessons, participants in the research group played sport games for ten weeks, three times in a week, 60 minutes in a day different branches. Blood samples were taken from both groups two times before and after ten weeks of the program. Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels of were determined in taken blood samples. The obtained data were analyzed in the SPSS 22.0 Package program. Independent samples t test was used to determine differences between groups, and Paired samples t test was used to determine intra-group differences. When the pretest values ​​of the participants were compared, there was no difference between the groups in the values ​​of Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL Cholesterol (p>0,05), HDL cholesterol levels were different in favor of the study group when the post test values ​​were compared. In the intra-group evaluations, there was no difference between the pre-post tests values ​​of the control group, it was determined that the research group had differences in the levels ​​of cholesterol and HDL cholesterol (p<0,05). As a result, sportive games that applied throughout ten weeks to adolescents had positive effects on lipid profile, it can be said that they may have a health promoting role if they are made permanent.

Glucose and Lipid Profiles in Adolescents with Thalassemia Major and Its Association with Iron Overload in Specific Organs

BACKGROUND: Organ damage due to iron toxicity is one factor that increases the risk of getting cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in thalassemia patient. This study aims to determine glucose and lipid profiles in adolescents with thalassemia major and its association with iron overload in pancreas and liver.METHODS: This was a cross sectional study. Subjects were thalassemia major adolescents without any confounding factors that may affect glucose and lipid levels. Blood samples were collected to measure the glucose level, lipid profiles, ferritin level and transferrin saturation. T2-Magnetic Resonance Imaging was used to evaluate the iron overload in organs.RESULTS: From a total of 60 subjects, diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 1 subject and impaired fasting glucose was diagnosed in 3 subjects. All subjects had high triglycerides/ high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, 59 subjects (98%) had low HDL-C, 18 subjects (30%) had hypertriglyceridemia, and none had abnormal high level of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). The majority of subjects had ferritin ≥2,500 ng/mL (70%), mild pancreatic iron overload (56.6%), and moderate hepatic iron overload (43.8%). Degree of hyperferritinemia was not associated with glucose and lipid profiles. Blood glucose profiles were not associated with various degree of pancreatic iron overload. Similar result was also observed between lipid profiles and hepatic iron overload.CONCLUSION: Abnormal glucose and lipid profiles in thalassemia major can be found in adolescence. Normal blood glucose level isn’t necessarily associated with normal pancreatic iron deposition. Hepatic iron overload may worsen dyslipidemia in thalassemia major patients.KEYWORDS: glucose profile, lipid profile, pancreatic iron overload, hepatic iron overload, thalassemia major

Associations between anthropometric indicators in early life and low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and lipid profile in adolescence

Background and aimsThe long-term relations between excessive adiposity in early childhood and unfavourable cardiometabolic profiles in later ages are not yet completely understood. We aimed to assess the associations between birth weight (BW) and BMI from 6 months to 6 years of age, with biomarkers indicative of low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and lipid profiles in adolescence. Methods and resultsRetrospective school-based study with 415 Portuguese adolescents (220 girls), mean age of 14.08 ± 1.6 years old. Anthropometric data from birth to 6 years old was extracted from individual child health book records. Actual weight and height were measured and BMI calculated. Participants were classified at each time point as normal weight or overweight according to WHO reference values. Biomarkers were obtained from venous blood samples. Linear regressions were used to explore the associations between the biomarkers and early life anthropometric indicators. From 2 years onwards, BMI associated positively with the inflammatory score and HOMA-IR in adolescence. Children who were overweight/obese from 2 to 6 years of age presented significantly higher inflammatory score and HOMA-IR later in adolescence. TC/HDL ratio was also positively associated with BMI from the age of 5 years onwards. The associations between BMI and cardiometabolic outcomes remained positive in adolescence, with overweight adolescents presenting a higher inflammatory score, HOMA-IR and TC/HDL than normal weight adolescents. ConclusionA high BMI from an early age was consistently associated with worse inflammatory and lipid profiles and insulin resistance in adolescence. No associations were found between BW and the same studied outcomes.