Linguistic Problems Research Articles

Проблемы когнитивного дисбаланса в новостных сообщениях сетевых СМИ

We consider the problem of linguistic representation of events, which consists in the discrepancy between the meaning and content of the title and the main text of publication, as a result of which metamorphoses of network media image arise. The study is devoted to the phenomenon of functional-semantic incongruence of the title and text, which distorts the media images of events that form the information agenda of popular news feeds and online media on the Internet. A number of publications from various popular online media, selected by rating indicators, are analyzed. The main attention is paid to news publications in which the meanings of the title contradict the semantic content of the main text. As a result of a comprehensive content analysis of numerous examples, significant semantic differences between headlines and full texts of the media are identified and described, the main linguistic causes of these contradictions and semantic shifts leading to functional losses are determined. The linguistic problems of perception and the impact of such media images on the mass audience are identified and emphasised. Particular attention is paid to the fact that such changes can lead to serious violations of the information picture of the day and distort it. Methods for determining the degree of incongruence are proposed. Based on the identification of the functional-semantic incongruence of the title and the main text of the news message, the principles for determining the level of clickbaitness, the toxicity coefficient are proposed. Based on the study of news reports in the online media, it is established that such a functional-semantic incongruence of the linguistic representation of events has a significant impact on the state of the linguistic and information security of the entire Internet space and its users. The results of the study can be used by scientists in the field of mass communication, mass media, journalism, as well as practitioners in the field of creative industries, which include media production.

Scopus-based bibliometric analysis on corpus linguistics for the period of 2017-2021

This article aims to observe the latest scientific theories in the field of corpus linguistics, to analyze the latest research trends in corpus linguistics and the creation of language corpora. The results of our research are based on bibliometric analysis of scientific research results and review articles of universities, scientific research centers and well-known scientists of different countries where scientific and practical work is being carried out in the field of corpus linguistics. We analyzed the publications in the Scopus database in the field of corpus linguistics in 2017-2021 and found research results related to finding solutions to various problems in language corpora and problems in it and we observed bibliometric method through speech recognition, syntactic parsing problems, semantic tagging problems, automatic tokenization and lemmatization. This is the first research in Uzbek linguistics to report on the landscape of corpus linguistics in recent years. This research contributes to the general scientific understanding of corpus linguistics and provides insight into the past, present, and future of linguistics. 1353 publications were analyzed in the article. Although the field of corpus linguistics originated in the 1960s and 1970s, the fields of study have expanded and changed over time. Among the fields of linguistics, this direction is dynamic. In recent years, national corpora and target corpora have been created in various languages, and solutions to complex linguistic problems have been found.

Сленгові неологізми в українському комунікативному полі періоду російсько-української війни

Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of slang neologisms that appeared in the Ukrainian communicative field of social networks Facebook, YouTube, and Telegram during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. Purpose. The purpose of the proposed article is to analyze word-formation models of slang neologisms. Methods. The research methods constituted a complete system, which combined in sequential application the interpretative and analytical method (at the stage of processing scientific sources in the direction of the selected linguistic problem), contextual analysis (at the stage of delineating the semantic volume of new lexical units in the colloquial and everyday speech of Ukrainians), word-formation analysis (at the stage of determining the derivational models of the investigated lexemes), statistical method (at the stage of structuring the analyzed lexical group in a quantitative dimension), descriptive method (at the stage of systematization of the obtained research results), theoretical generalization method (at the stage of formulating conclusions and research perspectives). Results. The proposed study analyzed lexical innovations within the scope of lexical- semantic, morpheme, lexical-syntactic and abbreviation derivation. Attention is paid to such a type of lexical-syntactic word formation as holophrase, which became active in Ukrainian colloquial speech during the period under study. Their semantics was clarified in all cases of discovered new lexical units. Originality. The empirical material covered by the study most fully represents slang neologisms that were recorded in the Ukrainian segment of Facebook, YouTube, Telegram from 2022 to 2023. Conclusion. In the space of web resources, new phenomena of the Ukrainian language of the future are being formed today. The lack of censorship and linguistic correction contribute to the emergence of lexical neologisms, which objectify not only the conceptual essence of the national worldview, but also its emotional plane. The activation of word-forming resources affirms the vital energy of the Ukrainian language, its inner strength and invincible desire for development.

Problems of Arabic Teaching for Students of The Government Islamic High School Semarang

The Arabic language has four skills required by all non-native speaking students, especially students from the government school in Samarang, Indonesia. It is the skill of listening, speaking, reading and writing. All of these skills are necessary for non-native students to try to understand them. Although students learn it from a young age, they cannot master this language well. Rather, they face many problems, including difficulty understanding word structures and comprehension of new foreign vocabulary. This research aims to identify the problems of teaching Arabic to students of the Islamic High School in Samarang and solve their problems. This research was a field research using the qualitative approach in conjunction with the use of the current study as one of its methods. Data collection is carried out in three ways: observation, interview, and documentation. The method used to analyze research data is reduction, presentation and investigation. The result of the research was obtained that the problems faced by students of the public secondary school Smaring are of two types, namely the linguistic problem and the non-linguistic problem, and the linguistic problem is vocabulary and structures. The non-linguistic problem is the lack of motivation and enthusiasm of students and the lack of a learning environment. The solutions proposed by the researcher are 1) accustoming students to speech as much as they can, 2) using fun method and strategy such as language games and others, 3) fixing school decisions related to the motivation for their learning of the Arabic language, such as warning and excuse.

The Role of English in the Shaping of Polish Marketing Discourse

The aim of this article is to show the influence of academic and professional marketing English on Polish marketing discourse. In view of Poland’s transformative role in communist Europe, the paper can be regarded as a pilot study for the discussion of the phenomenon addressed in the context of the experience of other post-socialist nations. The analysis of the adaptation of English borrowings was based on numerous documents, participant observations and interviews. Critical Discourse Analysis with qualitative methods was the main methodological approach. The study shows that Polish marketing discourse is a linguistic-cognitive hybrid of Western and Polish cultures. For this hybrid, English has become both a trigger and a marker, as well as a carrier of the power of Western marketing ideology. Terminological borrowings from English were much needed, but in many situations there were conceptual or linguistic problems with their adaptation.

Ineffability as a linguistic problem

The paper deals with the problem of ineffability – intuitively felt unsayability of certain mental contents that are mainly concerned with our sensual domain – and tries to transfer this notion from philosophy into the domain of cognitive linguistics. It demonstrates that in both day-to-day communication and, especially, in the language of literature, ineffability is relativized through various strategies – trivialization, deixis, verbal ellipsis, and figurativity – of which the latter is of utmost importance. The recognition of the role of figurative language in the communication of the ineffable opens up new cognitive horizons both for the notion itself and for the verbal art, which is its principal realm.

PHRASEOLOGY IN THE FRENCH LITERARY TEXT: FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF ANNA GAVALDA'S NOVELS “35 KILOS D'ESPOIR” AND “JE L'AIMAIS”)

Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to the important but insufficiently studied problem of Romance linguistics, particularly French, related to the analysis of the phraseology of the French literary text from the point of view of semantics and functioning. The study of the semantic paradigm and the functional features of phraseological units used in a literary text make it possible to better reveal the author's picture of the world, as well as the emotional sphere of characters, which often determines their actions. In addition, the occasional use of phraseological units can increase their expressiveness, create a stylistic effect that causes the appearance of additional semantic meanings, which requires a separate study. Results. In the article, the most representative semantic groups of usual phraseological units in the French literary text are revealed, the most common types of occasional use of phraseological units are determined, the reasons and results of their occasional use are established. Conclusion. The results of the semantic analysis of phraseological units in the French literary text on the example of the studied novels by Anna Gavalda testify to the anthropocentric nature of the author's picture of the world, the multiplicity and semantic diversity of phraseological units in them, the prevalence of their occasional use, as well as their role in revealing the author's picture of the world, the emotional sphere, the internal and external qualities of the characters, and creating a stylistic effect.

Professionally oriented language training foreign higher education acquires

The article is devoted to the solution of the linguistic didactic problem relevant for modern higher education – the definition of the scientific and methodological foundations of professionally oriented language training of foreign students. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the main methodical mechanisms for the implementation of the tasks of the professional orientation of the language training of foreign bachelors. Foreign language communicative competence is an important component of the readiness of future specialists to carry out professional activities in modern conditions. For students of higher education, a foreign language plays the role of an educational discipline, a means of learning and professional improvement. The following methods of scientific research were used: analysis of current sources on the topic of research, study of the experience of domestic and foreign pedagogy in teaching professional speech, implementation of selected approaches and methods in practice, analysis of approbation of proposed methodological solutions. The article systematizes modern approaches to selecting the content of communication training in the professional field of communicative connection. The content of concepts has been clarified: the principle of professional orientation of language education, the professional component of communicative competence, requirements for the content of professionally oriented educational content, the characteristics of the methods of teaching foreign students of professional speech have been clarified. It was established that the formation of the professional component of communicative competence in modern conditions requires the involvement of additional educational tools and the development of methodically appropriate techniques, the definition of language training forms, the creation of motivational pedagogical conditions that contribute to the formation of a positive attitude to the learning process. To implement the specified linguistic and didactic conditions, a program that considers modern requirements for language and speech content, the introduction of innovative technologies into the learning process has been developed. The proposed approach to the selection of content and teaching methods ensures the formation of a professional component of foreign language competence and allows for the effective organization of the educational process in academic groups of foreign students studying in economic education programs. Prospects for further research of this problem lie in the development of innovative methodical support for the formation of the professional component of the communicative competence of foreign students, increasing the efficiency of the organization and achieving high effectiveness of the educational process.

ПЛЕОНАЗМДЫН ПАЙДА БОЛУУ СЕБЕП - ӨБӨЛГӨЛӨРҮ

Each language has its own process of development and causes, which depend on its internal capabilities and tendencies. In this scientific article, the main goal was to study the ways of the occurrence of pleonasms, the causes, and prerequisites, and the sources of occurrence. It can be said with confidence that the study of the internal laws of the growth and development of a language is one of the urgent problems of linguistics. Pleonasms are important internal means of enrichment, art, and the addition of vocabulary in the language system. These phenomena, occurring on the basis of the phenomenon of abundance, are characteristic of all languages. The consideration of pleonasms is not due to chance but to the need for a complete presentation of thought in the text, a clear and accurate presentation of the concept.

Multimodal Differentiation for Allophone Pupils in First Language French Classroom

Language classroom interactions can be characterized as multimodal, since teachers may resort to a variety of resources provided by their body or by their immediate space in order to convey meaning, manage activities and assess pupils’ performances. Furthermore, teachers’ multimodal practices constitute an essential component for the differentiating process aiming to resolve especially linguistic problems some pupils may face. In this perspective, this study examines the implementation of multimodal differentiation by the same teacher in the case of allophone pupils following first language French courses alongside with native pupils of 3rd grade within the context of inclusion classroom in a middle school in France. More specifically, it was aimed to analyze a teacher’s adaptation of kinesic and proxemic behaviors within the differentiation process, such as the use of hand gestures, gaze and facial expressions as bodily resources but also the control of interpersonal distance with respect to allophone pupils. For this purpose, a micro-ethnographic research strategy was applied, and data was collected through video-recorded sessions of the teacher in inclusion classroom. Our qualitative analysis of the data revealed a differentiated use of prosodic, kinesic and proxemic elements by the teacher, such as the reduction of speech rate, the accentuation of words, the production of deictic and iconic hand gestures as well as facial expressions, the orientation of gaze, the forward leaning posture, the isolated seating arrangement, and the reduction of interpersonal distance. All these elements either follow or overlap each other, especially within the framework of teacher instructions during classroom activities.

Formation and development of the language training methodology for foreign students at classical universities. Part 3. Teaching the Ukrainian language

The article is another part of a series of scientific and methodical studies on the formation and development of language training methods for foreign students at classical university. Previous research has analyzed the formation of the conceptual foundations of language training of educational migrants of various study profiles, the history, principles, and features of language education of students of higher education of non-linguistic and philological specialties based on the activity of the Language Training Department 1 of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The third part is devoted to the analysis of problems and achievements of the department in teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. The gradual transition to teaching the state language was carried out from the end of the 90-s of the XX century. This required a rethinking of methodological approaches and principles, the development of principles and provisions of the methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language, and educational and methodical support of the teaching process. The research tools of the article as a part of the series are the method of systematic analysis of the scientific work on the linguistic problems of the Ukrainian language done by the department’s specialists, characteristics of dissertation studies, scientific publications, didactic work, and their methodical implementations. The main stages of the formation of the methodological foundations of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language at classical university, the optimal methods of teaching language aspects, the formation of speech activity skills, the intercultural communication are also highlighted in the paper. The authors defined the main scientific and methodological principles and components of the educational process organization (in particular, the development of the program as one of the main factors in the creation of methodical and informational support for language training of foreign students studying at Ukrainian universities). The authors relied on the concept of language education of foreigners presented in the first article of the series, the structure of the modern educational paradigm, analysis of the influence of the competence approach on curricula creation, and professionally oriented language training of foreigners. The article also contains an analysis of some educational and methodical Ukrainian language guides and manuals that have been used for forming components of communicative competence of educational migrants during language acquisition in a new social-cultural environment, in the academic space of a Ukrainian classical university.

THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSLATION STUDIES IN KYRGYZSTAN

Although the translation is long established, the study of the field developed into an academic discipline only in the second half of the 20th century. In Kyrgyzstan, translation studies was dominated by translation criticism and literature. No special research has been conducted on the linguistic problems of translation, only some views on the semantic and grammatical aspects of the translation are expressed in the scientific articles. Translation studies remain relevant in Kyrgyz linguistics, it should be studied by linguistic aspect. This article is devoted to the analysis of the formation, the current state of development of translation studies in Kyrgyzstan, and the general views of Kyrgyz scholars on such problems as the linguistic theory of translation.

ПРОБЛЕМА СЕМАНТИЧНОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ФІЛОСОФСЬКИХ КОНЦЕПТІВ В СВІТЛІ МОВНО-ІСТОРИЧНИХ ІДЕЙ І.ОГІЄНКА

The article deals with one of the most topical problems of historical linguistics, which concerns the peculiarities of the semantic content transformation of some philosophical concepts, which are active elements of sacred texts. The author of the article emphasizes that this problem was undoubtedly one of the most important in the frames of scientifi c ideas, research, and intelligence of the talented linguist and Bible translator Ivan Ohiienko. The article emphasizes that concepts in the aspect of cognitive linguistics are created and fi xed in the minds of native speakers as the result of processing and transforming mental representations through linguis-tic phenomen. One of the concept interpretations is its perception as a generally accepted one at a certain background level, i.e. in specifi c mental environment, sphere, context. In this regard, it seems interesting to cover and analyze the prob-lem of semantic transformation of some conceptual notions in consciousness at diff erent background levels, including religious, philosophical in comparison with the modern perception of the average person with his/her laws of morality, spiritu-ality. The author emphasizes that clarifi cation of the problem can be particularly deep and reliable if it is not limited to observation of textual material, certain philo-sophical concepts and religious-philosophical doctrines, but will be based on and supported by deep linguistic research in comparative historical aspect. Obviously, the solution of such a complex issue involves the study of a large number of dic-tionaries, textual material and should be supported by etymological analysis in diff erent aspects. With the aim of scientifi c validate and profanity prevention, an algorithm and the methodology of etymological research must be developed with the main criteria of analysis. They are to take into account the peculiarities of deri-vation processes, phonetic transformations associated with changes in word struc-ture, word base demotivation, morphological transformations. The main criteria in the article are phonetic, word-formation semantic, chronological. The analysis is based on etymological dictionaries and research. The examples from Latin, Greek, English and other European languages are given in morpheme-derivational com-parisons of the analysis. Quotations from various sacred texts translated into Slavic languages are used as textual illustrations.

The Correlation Between Emotional Intelligence and Speaking Performance

This research aims to find out the correlation between emotional intelligence and speaking performance. This research is quantitative research that uses the correlation as a method. The subject in this research is the second semester English education students at Cokroaminoto Palopo University. The instrument of this research is questionnaire and speaking test, the questionnaire used to know students’ emotional intelligence and speaking test used to know students’ speaking performance. The result of this research shows the significance value Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.312, because the significantly is higher than 0.05 (0.312 > 0.05), it can be concluded that there is no significant correlation between emotional intelligence and speaking performance (H0 is accepted and Ha is rejected) and also the researcher concluded that respondents have high emotional intelligence but very low correlation with speaking performance. It can be state that influential factor on speaking performance comes from linguistic problems.

Teaching marine engineering terms through online methods in maritime training courses

Verbal communication is an integral part of seafarers’ professional activity and a compulsory condition of vessels’ safety, the prevention of marine environment pollution, the fulfillment of international and national legislation in the field of sea transport, and the organization and management of sea transport traffic involving multinational crews. The present study contributes to the resolution of professional communication linguistic support problems within the framework of the marine engineer’s activities. Additionally, it ensures safety at sea by developing the terminological component of the foreign-language competence of marine engineers. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to identify patterns of teaching the English maritime engineering term system used in oral professional communication and technical documentation engaging the Moodle Platform. The concept of marine engineering terminology, as well as the principles of distinguishing it from a more general concept of «maritime terminology», was considered in order to achieve this goal. The article suggests a combination of the most efficient Moodle tools that can be used to develop trainees’ specific terminological competence. Highlights A comprehensive analysis has allowed identifying differences in the functioning of ship engineering terms in technical documentation and oral professional communication The elements of this terminological system under analysis form hierarchical paradigms The functioning of ship-engineering terms in professional communication is complicated by the presence of synonyms within the terminological system and pseudo-international vocabulary Marine engineering terms can be successfully taught through a combination of several Moodle instruments, which enables trainees to conduct comprehensive structural-semantic comparative analysis of the English ship engineering terminological system

ON HISTORY OF STUDYING UNOFFICIAL NAMES

Scientific interest in informal anthroponyms as an integral component of the anthroponymic system has a long linguistic tradition.
 Whereas surnames and first names are thoroughly analyzed in onomastic research, nicknames (individual, family), family names, pseudonyms have not been studied enough. Unofficial anthroponyms also reflect the characteristic features of the speech of a certain territory. This enables researchers to trace the interaction of official and folk naming systems. Theoretical analysis of works on anthroponymy made it possible to outline a number of linguistic problems and different approaches to their solution.
 The article analyzes the state of research on Slavic unofficial anthroponymy, since the research analysis of unofficial anthroponyms contributes to the development of methods of presenting one's own facts, establishing the main topical aspects of studies on nicknames, family names.
 The works of M. Khudash, P. Chuchka, and R. Ostash are extremely valuable for Ukrainian anthroponymy; they have become the theoretical basis for many studies on anthroponymy.
 The study revealed that representatives of different schools and areas approach classification of nicknames in different ways. Among all analyzed approaches proposed by scientists, P. Chuchka's classification is the most fully developed. Family names also play an important role in the folk naming system.

Musykilāt Tarjamah al-Nuṣuṣ al-‘Arabiyyah ila al-Lugah al-Indūnīsiyyah li Ṭullāb al-Madrasah al-Ṡānawiyyah Jā’ al-Haqq Bengkulu

<em>The process of translating is not an easy thing but requires deep learning. There are many problems in some schools that are very concerned about the process of learning Arabic, especially in the process of translating Arabic texts into Indonesian. The purpose of this study are to describe the learning process of translating Arabic texts into Indonesian and to analyze the problems of translating Arabic texts into Indonesian for students of MTS Jaa Alhaq Bengkulu. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The methods of data collection in this study are observation, interview and documentation and analyzed using Mills and Huberman's interaction theory. The findings of the study are that the translation process in the secondary school was done well even if it was not done completely and there are two problems of translating Arabic texts into Indonesian in high school; the first is the linguistic problem such as lack of mastery of vocabular, students did not understand grammar well, semantic problems from students; and the second is the non-linguistic problem such as the lack of comfort of students, the different levels of translation competence, the students do not have a lexicon Arabic and the lack of attention from the teacher.</em>

Idârah Ta’lîm al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah li al-Aṭfâl al-Indûnisiyyîn fî Akademiyah al-Nasy’i al-Ṣâliḥ far’ Indonesia

Purpose- This research aims to describe the planning and implementation of Arabic language education in the Academy of Good Youth, Indonesia Branch, and to describe the problems in planning and implementing Arabic language education in the Good Youth Academy, Indonesia branch. Design/Methodologi/Approach- This research uses the qualitative approach using the descriptive analytical method and uses two methods of data collection, namely observation and interview. Findings- The result of this research yielded; (1) that the planning and implementation of Arabic language education for Indonesian children in the Academy of Good Youth, Indonesia branch, was organized by the Arabic language teacher from the educational objectives, educational activities in the classroom and academic assessment; (2) The educational problems in teaching Arabic to Indonesian children at the Good Youth Academy, Indonesia branch, are divided into three types: linguistic problems on the part of the students, linguistic problems on the part of the teacher, and non-linguistic problems, whether on the part of the teacher or on the part of the students. Research Limitation/Implications- With this research, all educational institutions should pay great attention to educational administration in order to provoke success in education.

PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL COMBINATIONS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF KAZAKH TV JOURNALISM)

The purpose of the article is to identify ways of creating the most frequently used terminological combinations in Kazakh television journalism, the reasons for their non-compliance when translating them from Russian, alternative options, etc. At the same time, the analysis of linguistic problems arising in the process of translating suffixal term elements into Kazakh in the Russian language determines the relevance of the article. The article considers the following issues concerning the equivalents of Russian terminological combinations in the Kazakh language: the equivalent or translation of individual terms; suffix "-н + endings -ый/-ая/-ое", "-ск - suffix + endings -ий/-ая/-ое", "-о-в- suffix + endings - ый/-ая/-ое", "не - prefix + root + suffix -н-+ endings -ый/-ая/-ое", etc. When translating terminological combinations into the Kazakh language with different endings, each of them gets its own individual meaning, and the discrepancy between the terminological combinations used in Kazakh TV journalism with equivalents approved by the Republican Terminological Commission under the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, registered in the electronic database, is revealed "Termincom.kz", with translations presented in industry terminology dictionaries. In the field of television journalism, when determining the equivalent of terminological combinations, along with generalizing methods such as synthesis, induction, deduction, grouping, systematization, separate methods and techniques such as morphological transformation in translation, lexical and morphological calculus, as well as one of the research approaches of sociolinguistics - the survey method were widely used. In the survey conducted during the research, terms often used in the activities of television specialists were selected, representatives of the national and international media, specialists of the National Translation Bureau, researchers of research institutes engaged in translation activities took part in the survey.

The Linguistic Problem and The Thinking Skill in The Arabic Debate at the ICIS Club at UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siqqiq in Jember

The debate exercise was conducted for the new members of the ICIS Club at Kiai Hagi Ahmad Siddiq State Islamic University. They had problems with their workout. Therefore, the research aims to describe these problems, but this is limited to the linguistic problem and the problem of thinking efficiency. In this research, the qualitative research method was used. The data was collected through personal interview and observation. The data was therefore analyzed in a descriptive manner. The results of the research are that the new debaters face two problems throughout an Arabic debate exercise. They are the linguistic problem and the problem of thinking efficiency. The linguistic problem is that they are not used to using contemporary methods and vocabulary in the terminology of debate. The problem with thinking efficiency is that they do not use the three-Ds method to make the case for non-habituation. They are affirmation, reasoning and demonstration
 Keywords: Speaaking Skill, Debate, HOTS