Lightning Experience Research Articles

Navigating the Transition: Best Practices for Migrating from Salesforce Classic to Lightning Experience

Navigating the Transition: Best Practices for Migrating from Salesforce Classic to Lightning Experience

Research and Analyze on the Lightning Test of Aircraft Model

According to the China Aviation Industry Standard HB6129 “The requirements of aircraft lightning protection and test method” and standards of foreign countries. The high voltage generator was used to make the lightning attachment point test on a scale model of airplane. The lightning attachment zone was determined, and the result was agreed with the actual lightning experience of F-4 aircraft. The technical factors such as test method, the model scale, gap spacing, and polar discharge relative positions in respect to the model are related to the laboratory test; the lightning discharging theory will be discussed in detail. The test method has been proved feasible and the experience of test research work has accumulated for future use.

Lightning Experience on 132-Kv Transmission Lines of the American Gas and Electric Company System 1930-1931

This paper, which is a continuation of a four-year operating record of an extensive 132-kv transmission system under lightning conditions, presents and discusses the record for 1930 and 1931. Operating experience is given on: 1. Yearly line outages due to lightning for all lines. 2. Severity and frequency of lightning storms over the system for a three-year period. 3. Frequency of double circuit outages. 4. Extent of line and station apparatus damage. 5. Effect of tower footing resistance in reducing lightning outages. 6. Reduction in tower footing resistances by the use of driven ground rods and counterpoises. 7. Effect on lightning outages by overinsulation. 8. Relative frequency of single-phase, two-phase and three-phase line faults. 9. Location of lightning flashovers on the line in reference to top, middle and bottom conductors. Conclusions are drawn from the results of the operating experience on these lines.

Lightning experience with new transformer connection

Distribution transformers in several locations on a New England system have been operating for several months with the primary lightning arrester ground interconnected with the transformer secondary neutral. Experience over the past few months definitely indicates the advantages of this connection in reducing troubles due to lightning, without increasing the hazard to the customers' wiring. Increased clearances on transformer primary bushings also reduce the number of failures.

Lightning experience on 132-kv transmission lines of the american gas and electric company system

Lightning experience on 132-kv transmission lines of the american gas and electric company system

Lightning experience on wood pole lines

Operating experience with many electric power lines of various types utilizing wood as lightning insulation, has demonstrated that ordinary wood can be used to advantage in combination with other measures for improving the lightning performance of lines. In this article are outlined the results of a careful analysis of this operating data and the pertinent conclusions drawn therefrom. Methods of construction offering the greatest promise at present are: diverting the lightning strokes so as to prevent flashovers to the power conductors; draining the lightning from the power conductors through fast operating dynamic follow current interrupting devices; and a combination of these 2 methods.

1929 Lightning Experience on the 132-Kv. Transmission Lines of the American Gas and Electric Company

A record of the 1929 lightning performance of a 1,200-mile 132-kv. transmission net workis given, and compared with the record of the system during the previous three years. The system is almost entirely of steel tower construction with conductors in vertical configuration; and on most lines one ground wire is employed. It is shown that some 75 per cent of high-voltage transmission line outages on this system are due to lightning. Lightning performance of lines being dependent on the severity of lightning conditions, a record of these conditions should be kept from year to year if records are to be compared. Data are presented on relative yearly lightning intensity, line outages, damage found to insulators and hardware, performance of double circuit lines, lines with and without ground wire, and with two ground wires, and also with and without grading shields. The apparent part tower footing ground resistance plays in line outages due to lightning is also given. The conclusions are drawn that 1. Two circuit lines are far more reliable, from a lightning point of view, than single circuit lines. 2. One ground wire offers considerable protection against lightning, and two ground wires considerably more. 3. Grading shields properly applied do not reduce line outages but decrease the damage to insulators, hardware, and conductors. 4. Both direct and induced lightning strokes have to be considered on these lines. 5. Flashovers do not always concentrate on high tower footing resistance towers. 6.

Abridgment of 1928 lightning experience on 132-kv. lines of the American gas & electric company

This paper gives the operating experience of some thousand miles of 132-kv. transmission lines analyzed from the lightning point of view. The lightning experience during three years operation of the system is compared. In addition, the effect of ground wires, grading shields, and tower footing ground resistances is discussed from data secured under operating conditions. The comparative reliability of single- and two-circuit lines is analyzed from the data recorded. Cases of damage to insulator strings, hardware, etc., are tabulated and discussed from the point of the severity of the damage and the location on the phase wires. Yearly averages of lightning outages per 100 mi. of line per year are given for the different lines and from these figures comparisons made for the different types of line construction. A three year record is given of the percentage of lightning outages on the 1000-mi. network.

1927 Lightning Experience on the 132-Kv. Transmission Lines of the American Gas and Electric Company

1927 Lightning Experience on the 132-Kv. Transmission Lines of the American Gas and Electric Company

Abridgment of 1927 lightning experience on the 132-kv.: Transmission lines of the American gas and electric company

Abridgment of 1927 lightning experience on the 132-kv.: Transmission lines of the American gas and electric company