Life Cycle Model Research Articles

Event-Management in Socio-Cultural Space: Analysis of the Life-Cycle Stages Conceptions According to the Modern Conditions

Relevance. Modern management practice increasingly considerate behavioral aspects, including features of decision-making, influence of impressions. This gives special significance to those areas allowing to combine both components. So then special events are gaining interest. The purpose is to identify the appropriate approach to life cycle of the technological process in event-management development. Objectives: systematize and comparatively analyze existing concepts, identify key factors influencing the feasibility of these, formulate a concept that makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of events in terms of providing targeted impact. Methodology includes comparative and system analysis. Synthesis makes it possible to single out optimal for modern conditions approach. Results. Systematizes and analyzes the existing approaches to determining the stages of the life cycle in event-management. The author classifies the existing concepts into short-term and long-term ones, differing in the composition of the management system and the features of its relations. Formulates two approaches to indicate event management system actors. Based on the importance of informative and social factors, the specifics of event management correlation with social factors during the life circle unvailes. Conclusions. Many of existing approaches overlook the influence of self-organizational processes in the controlled subsystem (visitors) on the final impact. The author proposes an integrative life cycle model with factors previously ignored: the influence of reference groups (including online communities), event representation in digital environment.

Quantifying the Impact of Different Dietary Rumen Modulating Strategies on Enteric Methane Emission and Productivity in Ruminant Livestock: A Meta-Analysis.

A meta-analysis was conducted with an aim to quantify the beneficial effects of nine different dietary rumen modulating strategies which includes: the use of plant-based bioactive compounds (saponin, tannins, oils, and ether extract), feed additives (nitrate, biochar, seaweed, and 3-nitroxy propanol), and diet manipulation (concentrate feeding) on rumen fermentation, enteric methane (CH4) production (g/day), CH4 yield (g/kg dry matter intake) and CH4 emission intensity (g/kg meat or milk), and production performance parameters (the average daily gain, milk yield and milk quality) of ruminant livestock. The dataset was constructed by compiling global data from 110 refereed publications on in vivo studies conducted in ruminants from 2005 to 2023 and anlayzed using a meta-analytical approach.. Of these dietary rumen manipulation strategies, saponin and biochar reduced CH4 production on average by 21%. Equally, CH4 yield was reduced by 15% on average in response to nitrate, oils, and 3-nitroxy propanol (3-NOP). In dairy ruminants, nitrate, oils, and 3-NOP reduced the intensity of CH4 emission (CH4 in g/kg milk) on average by 28.7%. Tannins and 3-NOP increased on average ruminal propionate and butyrate while reducing the acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio by 12%, 13.5% and 13%, respectively. Oils increased propionate by 2% while reducing butyrate and the A:P ratio by 2.9% and 3.8%, respectively. Use of 3-NOP increased the production of milk fat (g/kg DMI) by 15% whereas oils improved the yield of milk fat and protein (kg/d) by 16% and 20%, respectively. On the other hand, concentrate feeding improved dry matter intake and milk yield (g/kg DMI) by 23.4% and 19%, respectively. However, feed efficiency was not affected by any of the dietary rumen modulating strategies. Generally, the use of nitrate, saponin, oils, biochar and 3-NOP were effective as CH4 mitigating strategies, and specifically oils and 3-NOP provided a co-benefit of improving production parameters in ruminant livestock. Equally concentrate feeding improved production parameters in ruminant livestock without any significant effect on enteric methane emission. Therefore, it is advisable to refine further these strategies through life cycle assessment or modelling approaches to accurately capture their influence on farm-scale production, profitability and net greenhouse gas emissions. The adoption of the most viable, region-specific strategies should be based on factors such as the availability and cost of the strategy in the region, the specific goals to be achieved, and the cost-benefit ratio associated with implementing these strategies in ruminant livestock production systems.

Development of Reciprocal Teaching-Based Interactive Multimedia to Enhance Students' Learning Outcomes of Database Fundamentals

Database subjects are one of the basic compulsory subjects for the Computer Engineering and Informatics program. For Software Engineering students, topics such as Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Manipulation Language (DML) are crucial for understanding advanced lessons. However, learning outcomes have been low due to factors such as suboptimal media, methods, models, and teaching processes. This research aims to design reciprocal teaching-based interactive multimedia to enhance student learning outcomes in DDL and DML materials. The research method used is adapted from the Comprehensive Life Cycle model, with a sample of students from class X-RPL-1 at Bina Wisata Lembang Vocational High School.The results of this study are as follows: 1) An average percentage of 80% was obtained from media experts and 80% from subject matter experts, both categorized as “Very Good”. 2) The use of multimedia improved student learning outcomes, demonstrated by an average score increase from 34 to 73. Furthermore, based on the pretest and posttest results, an average normalized gain (n-gain) of 0.59 was obtained with a criteria of 'Moderate' effectiveness. 3) Students responses to the created multimedia resulted in an average percentage score of 86.41%, categorized as “Very Good”.

DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL METHODOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF TOOLS FOR ORGANIZATIONAL-TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

The article is devoted to the introduction and substantiation of an innovative methodological platform and scientific and applied tools, which are designed to ensure the successful administration of operational activities and the growth of qualifying assets of the enterprise-developer in construction as project management (as part of the enterprise's multi-project business portfolio) and administrative-regulatory activities in the micro-environment of institutional sub- construction sites and stakeholders. The rapid complication of construction production systems causes an increase in the number of sequentially connected elements (crews, mechanisms, vehicles, suppliers, etc.), which, according to the basic law of reliability theory, reduces the reliability of the entire system in proportion to the number of elements in a geometric progression. Consideration of reliability as the stability of numerous specific qualities of building systems in relation to all possible deviations of the given mode of operation of the system requires system-technical design, manufacturing, construction, operation and other stages of the life cycle of building systems. Most often, the definition of the roles of project executors corresponds to the life cycle model. On the basis of the methodology, as introduced in accordance with the new ideas about the essence of the developer's operating system in construction, a new scientific and applied toolkit for the administration of the operational activities of the enterprise executing construction projects and its transformations based on the application of modular construction technology - prefabrication was developed and substantiated. Prefabrication is the preliminary production of building structures in industrial production. Prefabricated structures are delivered to the construction site and used in the construction process. This approach to construction has been revolutionary because it enables standardization, increased quality control, and reduced overall construction time.

A Literature Review of the Digital Thread: Definition, Key Technologies, and Applications

The digital thread, as a crucial technology for industrial digitization and the realization of smart manufacturing, has garnered extensive attention and research in recent years. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in the key technologies supporting the implementation of the digital thread. Given the diversity of product lifecycle models, various definitions, reference architectures, and implementation methods have been proposed to study the digital thread. Thus, this study systematically investigates the current definition, key technologies, and applications of the digital thread. A comprehensive analysis of 94 articles spanning from 2015 to 2023 was conducted, clarifying the definition of the digital thread and its relationship with related terms. Building upon this foundation, this study delves into the research methodologies concerning pivotal technologies in implementing the digital thread (such as authoritative sources of truth, data linkage, and model integration) and scrutinizes various application scenarios of the digital thread, providing a comprehensive summary. Finally, this study presents the research findings along with recommendations for future research endeavors.

The circular policy canvas: Mapping the European Union's policies for a sustainable fashion textiles industry

Policy plays a major role in enabling and accelerating the shift to a Circular Economy (CE). Transitioning to a CE in the Fashion Textiles Industry (FTI) requires a holistic policy approach through comprehensive and coherent policy interventions across the resource life cycle. This paper introduces the novel Circular Policy Canvas tool to systematically and visually map CE policies across six dimensions (policy environment, resource life cycle, CE loop, CE strategy, system element and circular business model). This is applied to thirty FTI policies in the EU policy landscape. The canvas enables policymakers and researchers to assess policies to identify gaps and priorities for CE policy development. The findings determine the recency of the EU policy agenda for a circular FTI meaning that there are gaps in terms of coverage and coherence. In particular, the study identifies a lack of attention to displacing the linear economy, a concentration of policies in the head and tail of the resource life cycle with gaps in the core, a dominance of policies in the outer over the inner loop and inadequate coverage of policies focused on actors, infrastructure and resources.

Ethical governance of artificial intelligence for defence: normative tradeoffs for principle to practice guidance

AbstractThe rapid diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the defence domain raises challenges for the ethical governance of these systems. A recent shift from the what to the how of AI ethics sees a nascent body of literature published by defence organisations focussed on guidance to implement AI ethics principles. These efforts have neglected a crucial intermediate step between principles and guidance concerning the elicitation of ethical requirements for specifying the guidance. In this article, we outline the key normative choices and corresponding tradeoffs that are involved in specifying guidance for the implementation of AI ethics principles in the defence domain. These correspond to: the AI lifecycle model used; the scope of stakeholder involvement; the accountability goals chosen; the choice of auditing requirements; and the choice of mechanisms for transparency and traceability. We provide initial recommendations for navigating these tradeoffs and highlight the importance of a pro-ethical institutional culture.

The Consolidation Stage of the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) Model: The Case of Ibiza from 1977 to 2000

Ibiza is an island in the Western Mediterranean internationally known as a sun and beach tourist destination, and it is notable for its nightclubs. This fact is the result of a century of tourist history that began in the first third of the 20th century and reached its maximum data at the end of that century and the beginning of the 21st century. Using the tourism area life cycle (TALC) model as a reference, it is possible to affirm that Ibiza has already gone through most of the stages proposed by the TALC. The objective of this work is to undertake a historical approach to the events and context that this island experienced during the period that could be considered to be a consolidation stage (1977 to 2000), which is still little analyzed. During this period, demand growth continued, although at a slower pace than in the previous stages, and suffered the first major crisis. The regional administration had to face the errors of the previous decades with various legal actions as follows: the limitation of the accommodation supply, which was already oversized by that stage; the environmental protection of spaces that had not yet been affected by urban development; the modernization of the offerings, much of them being obsolete and degraded; and the diversification of the issuing markets, which had until then been focused on Germany and the United Kingdom. The economic crisis of the early 1990s was a turning point for the tourism sector, both in terms of administrations and companies, and quantitative growth was replaced by qualitative growth in the following years. Starting in 2000, tourism in Ibiza entered a new phase characterized by the modernization of the offerings and the stagnation of data.

The Opportunity Cost Analysis of using Jack Fruit Timber as a Construction Material in Sri Lanka


 
 
 
 The miracle tree in the world is thought to be the jackfruit tree. Its fruit-bearing capacity was well- documented by history academics. However, jackfruit wood is also regarded as one of Sri Lanka's more expensive wood types. Instead of considering the quality of the actual lumber material, this is only dependent on its legendary value. It was not considered how much money the timber was worth. They are carelessly used as one of the finest luxury lumber materials, disregarding the fact that they were originally planted as fruit trees. In an effort to compare the true worth of jackfruit wood to the current palette of premium timber materials, this study was initiated. Thus, it will assist legislators in passing a new law that forbids Sri Lanka from using jackfruit trees as a source of lumber. First, a life cycle model was used to determine the yield value and market value of jackfruit timber. The perceived value of the timber and the yield were then contrasted with the timber's real market worth. The study discovered that, before the age of 50 years, the jack fruit tree's yield value was significantly higher than its timber value. Only Rs. 100,000.00 is the typical timber value anticipated from a jackfruit tree. Only eight years of average yield value are required to restore the value of the timber. In order to preserve the jack fruit tree as one of the top fruit-bearing trees in the world, a new policy should be developed to change the jack fruit tree cutting age to a minimum of 50 years.
 Keywords: Jack fruit tree, Yield value, Selling price, Timber value
 
 
 

Prototype Design of Web-Based Drug Inventory Prediction Application Using Multiple Linear Regression Methods at the X District Health Office

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>The need for information systems is currently becoming very important, especially in terms of predicting drug needs in health care facilities, one of which is the health department. The availability of drug inventory prediction applications is expected to help health facility management optimize drug inventory levels so that they can use budgets effectively. The research aims to design an application that can meet the needs and facilitate the process of planning drug needs in health care facilities. This research is highly relevant to the aspects of pharmacy management, pharmacy data analysis, and information systems in the field of health, all of which are important topics in the development of effective and efficient health services. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model approach to develop information systems. The information system developed is a web-based information system that adopts a multiple linear regression system and the use of data mining as an algorithm in predicting drug needs. This is so that the allocation of drug provision budgets can be used effectively. The design of a drug data prediction information system using a linear regression method is intended to facilitate the process of planning drug needs that must be met in healthcare facilities. If this application design is implemented, it will help the management of healthcare facilities to optimize the level of drug inventory. This is because there is already a drug needs selection process that is in accordance with the drug needs condition needed by the hospital formation installation. Suggestions for further research can be developed to obtain information quickly about significant changes in drug needs or the potential risk of stockouts.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keywords: Data Mining, Drug Procurement, Medicine Needs</em></strong>

Evolution of parental care in haploid-diploid plants.

In bryophytes that alternate between haploid gametophytes and diploid sporophytes through sexual reproduction, sporophytes are often attached to and nurtured on the female gametophyte. A similar phenomenon is seen in Florideophyceae (a group of red algae). These systems in which a gametophyte (mother) invests nutrients in sporophytes (offspring) are ideal for studying the evolution of 'parental care' in non-animal organisms. Here, we propose a model of a haploid-diploid life cycle and examine the evolution of maternal investment in sporophytes focusing on two effects: the degree of paternal or maternal control of investment and the number of sporophytes. We find that when the female dominantly controls the investment, the evolutionarily stable level of investment is that which maximizes the expected reproductive success of the female gametophyte. The genomic conflict between maternal and paternal alleles complicates the evolutionary outcome; however, a greater male allelic effect and a higher number of sporophytes favour a higher energy investment, which may lead to evolutionary branching or run-away escalation of the investment level. This suggests that the selfishness of the paternal gene is the evolutionary driver of parental care and that complex structures such as fusion cells in red algae may have evolved to suppress it.

Fertility decisions and the norm of intergenerational support to aging parents

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of the social norm of intergenerational support to aging parents on fertility decisions in developing economies. The traditional expectation of receiving support from adult children in old age has historically been a significant factor in the decision to have children, especially in developing countries. The study develops a life cycle model that endogenizes fertility choices and incorporates the expectation of transfers from children based on the filial responsibility norm. We utilize household survey data from Indonesia to estimate earnings profiles and uncertainties over the life cycle, and to estimate the transfers from adult children to parents to indicate the current strength of the norm in 2000s. We conducted counterfactual experiments to explore the impact of the filial responsibility norm on fertility and found that a weakening of the norm could account for a significant proportion of the decline in the total fertility rate.

Applying Process Mining: The Reality of a Software Development SME

One of the challenges the organizations confront is to extract data from the information systems to know the reality of their processes to improve their efficiency. In this study, the application of Process Mining is addressed as an opportunity in the specific context of an SME dedicated to software development, implementing the L* life cycle model methodology from a layered Software Engineering approach. This research is carried out based on process improvement in an initial SME project. Subsequently, it is compared with a second project, using different Process Mining perspectives such as control flow, case, organization, and time, with the aim of extending the process model. This holistic view allows not only to better understand the processes involved, but also to identify and analyze the similarities and differences between the two projects. As a result, the Process Mining analysis shows crucial aspects such as the representation of integrated models, traces on sequences of actions, and the interaction of activities with specific roles and deviations in the flow of activities that compromise the quality of the process and the product. At the same time, the challenges that emerged during the improvement cycle are highlighted. These challenges cover issues such as data extraction, fluid communication between those involved, and the documentation associated with the processes. This study contributes to the body of knowledge of Process Mining. Likewise, the case study results offer a vision for other SMEs seeking to incorporate Process Mining as part of their improvement strategies.

Software project management: life cycle models and development methodologies, analysis and classification

Choosing the right software development methodology can play a key role in making a project successful. Depending on the chosen methodology, it is possible to reduce product delivery times, development costs, manage uncertainty and risks, improve quality and user satisfaction, and provide more detailed control over the project. Despite the importance of this task, the choice of the most appropriate methodology for a particular project is difficult due to the large number of evaluation criteria, the lack of sufficient literature on this issue and the low level of formalization of the process, when the choice of methodology is made only on the basis of the previous experience of the project manager. The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of the processes of substantiation and selection of software development methodologies for specific projects. The article discusses the main well-known life cycle models and software development methodologies. An analysis of methods and criteria for classifying methodologies was carried out, and the shortcomings of existing classifications were identified. A new multi-criteria hierarchical classification is proposed, offering a more complete and broader distribution of life cycle models and software development methodologies across classes. A review of existing methodologies, an analysis of known classification methods and their shortcomings, the methodologies classification proposed by the authors will help project managers more reasonably choose development methodologies and reduce risks in the process of managing software projects.

Life-cycle decisions and general equilibrium in the heterogeneous-agent OLG economy

ABSTRACT This study develops a life-cycle model to predict an overlapping generations economy with heterogeneous agents. In our proposed model, ex-ante heterogeneity includes the work probability, survival rate, subjective discount rate, and intertemporal elasticity of substitution. We observe differences in financial decisions and asset accumulation among heterogeneous agents and calculate equilibrium values of aggregate economic variables, such as consumption and capital. For the numerical analyses, we classify the population into four groups based on labour productivity and gender, and investigate the life-cycle behaviours of heterogeneous agents. Retirees in the male group with low labour productivity and low remaining life expectancy have the highest propensity to consume and the highest consumption elasticity for retirement shock compared to other retirees. Workers with relatively high labour productivity have lower risk adjustment factors, indicating that they are less concerned about retirement risk than less productive workers.

NStock: notified stocks management system for food and beverages industry

The development of a web-based stock management system aims to provide effective control over sales and stock levels for the food and beverage industry. The web-based application provides a platform for staff members and business proprietors to effectively modify and manage data related to stock and transactions. However, it is apparent that bakery enterprises exhibit a shared approach in their stock management procedures. The baker has a responsibility to manually update the stock availability on the WhatsApp group following each production. In order to maintain continuous production, it is imperative for management to take proactive measures by initiating the procurement of fresh stock from the vendor when the existing stock nears depletion. One potential resolution is the implementation of a streamlined stock management system that effectively addresses the needs of both bakers and managers. The objective of this project is to meet the demand for effective stock management among bakery store owners by offering a user-friendly and dependable system. The nStock system has been intentionally developed with the objective of effectively overseeing the procurement of raw materials from suppliers and accurately tracking the stock allocated for bakery production. The solution aims to employ Telegram bot services as a mechanism for alerting the management in the event that the stock levels fall below the predetermined reorder threshold. The approach employed by the project is in accordance with the Waterfall Model of System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). A functionality test is conducted prior to implementation in order to verify its compliance with the specified design and functional requirements. Notably, each participant provided the system with a "pass" rating, indicating its successful functioning and meeting their expectations.

Concept of matrix readiness methodology application development for managing innovative digitalization projects

The article is devoted to the development of using matrix readiness concept to manage innovative digitalization projects. One of the concept features is the application of existing methodologies for assessing the readiness level of innovation and considering them in the conditions of the VUCA-world and the BANI-world. To do this, these concepts, their structure, influence and role in the modern world have been described in more detail. To develop the concept, existing methodologies were used to assess the technology readiness level (manufacturing readiness level, customer readiness level), as well as their totality. The relationship between the product lifecycle model and the matrix readiness methodology has been analyzed thoroughly. Various types of existing business intelligence, strategic and project management matrices considered. In addition, the importance of digitalization and its applicability to the methodology of matrix readiness have been outlined. The principle of flexibility in the enterprise structure has been considered.

Environmental impact assessment of battery boxes based on lightweight material substitution

Power battery is one of the core components of electric vehicles (EVs) and a major contributor to the environmental impact of EVs, and reducing their environmental emissions can help enhance the sustainability of electric vehicles. Based on the principle of stiffness equivalence, the steel case of the power cell is replaced with lightweight materials, a life cycle model is established with the help of GaBi software, and its environmental impact is evaluated using the CML2001 method. The results can be summarized as follows: (1) Based on the four environmental impact categories of GWP, AP, ADP (f), and HTP, which are the global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), abiotic depletion potential (ADP (f)) and human toxicity potential (HTP), the environmental impact of lightweight materials is lower than that of the steel box. Among them, the aluminum alloy box has the largest reduction, and the Carbon Fiber Sheet Molding Compound (CF-SMC) box is the second. (2) In the sensitivity analysis of electric structure, an aluminum alloy box is still the most preferable choice for environmental impact. (3) In the sensitivity analysis of driving mileage, the aluminum alloy box body is also the best choice for vehicle life. (4) Quantitative assessment using substitution factors measures the decrease in greenhouse gas emissions following the substitution of steel battery box with lightweight materials. The adoption of aluminum alloy battery box can lead to a reduction of 1.55 tons of greenhouse gas emissions, with a substitution factor of 1.55 tC sb−1. In the case that composite materials have not been recycled commercially on a large scale, aluminum alloy is still one of the best materials for the integrated environmental impact of the whole life cycle of the battery boxes.

A life-cycle dynamic wear degradation model of planetary gear systems

An accurate prediction model for surface wear in planetary gear systems is essential to decipher wear fault mechanisms and facilitate model-driven failure prognosis. A high-fidelity dynamic wear model relies on the appropriate characterization and updating strategy of the tooth macro-geometry, contact parameters and dynamic load. A geometrically adaptive-loaded tooth contact analysis (GA-LTCA) method is proposed to “bridge” wear morphology and dynamic behaviours. The finite element method and run-to-failure test are adopted to verify the GA-LTCA method and wear prediction model, respectively. Based on the proposed wear model, the life-cycle wear characteristics and the updating strategy of wear geometry are investigated. Owing to the consideration of the micro-cycle of the contact stress and geometrical updating, the predicted wear profile exhibits a desirable agreement with experimental results. The tooth profile deviation vector should be updated more frequently than the finite element model of worn gears. Only the finite element grid of the sun-planet gear pair should be updated because the wear of the sun-planet is much more serious than that of the ring-planet. Numerical results indicate the potential of the proposed high-fidelity model for digital twin-based wear prediction and life cycle failure prognosis.

An eco-social exploration of tourism area evolution in mountains through stakeholders’ perspective

This study delves into the intricate interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic influencers that shape the multidimensional eco-social spheres through the process of tourism area evolution (TAE) in a mountain tourist destination, Sikkim, located in the Eastern Himalayas. Understanding the eco-social aspects from the perspective of local communities in the Himalayan region has been challenging due to the overlapping and entangled ecological and social relations in the mountains, which lack a comprehensive and systematic assessment framework. To address this gap, the study incorporates 300 stakeholders' perspectives from five distinct groups, with the objective of constructing an explanatory model that combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies. This analysis was conducted within the framework of the widely recognized tourism area life cycle (TALC) model. Also, it integrated participatory appraisal with robust statistical modelling techniques, including Kruskal-Wallis Test, Principal Component Analysis, Analysis of Variance and Multinomial Logistic Regression to detangle the influence of internal and external factors on the eco-social structure of Sikkim. The results reveal that the status of TAE is uneven across Sikkim, predominantly influenced by diverse geoclimatic, geopolitical, environmental, economic, infrastructural, and sociocultural factors, as well as the capacity of the destination to cope with external changes. The study further identifies that the high-altitude destinations under protected and restricted areas, which are major attractions in Sikkim, are more vulnerable due to their relatively high socioecological sensitivity, posing challenges to future tourism development. However, based on the TALC framework and the stakeholders' perception-based model, the study predicts that the likelihood of Sikkim approaching the stagnation stage is low, unless phenomenon like climate (change), social security and environmental degradation trigger it. Albeit the greater concerns are for features (social structure, local-tourists interaction, seasonality and ecological disturbances) that potentially exhibit characteristics of consolidation. The key findings highlight the significance of the uniqueness, tradition, cultural heritage, basic amenities and community's capacity to cope with external changes may sustain tourism in Sikkim. Hence, the study advocates for a prioritized focus on capacity building through community-based participation, with special emphasis on the high-altitude destinations, as a crucial step towards ensuring the long-term sustainability of (eco)tourism and the preservation of the eco-social environment in Sikkim.