Career Life Research Articles

Marrying off Early

This article investigates early marriage among the Oromo in Dawo District, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. The research employed a mixed approach to secure relevant data. We collected primary data from the field via key informant interviews and focus group discussion. We selected key informants purposively from concerned government offices and community representatives. We collected quantitative data via questionnaire from 92 randomly selected school girls. Despite the government’s attempts to ban early marriage, the practice is still common and evolving. Parents are gradually losing the sole decision to marry their children without their consent nowadays. Yet they still have power over when and to whom they give away their daughters. Kadhaa (betrothal) and butii (abduction) are the two main ways of effecting early marriage in the study area. The main cultural reasons for which parents marry off their daughters early include securing their daughters’ future and maintaining girls’ pre-marital virginity. Virginity is valued in marriage and can be a source of honor or shame for the girls and their parents. Poverty, and particularly the current dire economic conditions in the area, coupled with an alarming level of joblessness among the youth who hold a diploma or a degree, have made the girls at school lose hope in education as a viable option for their future life and worsened early marriage in recent years. The girls themselves view marriage as an alternative life career and thus quit school for an early marriage.

A Study on the Idea of Tianbaojiuru and Its Visual Transmission

<天保> 詩는 中國 西周 時代 때 人間의 自覺에 의해 새롭게 인식된 天命思想과 德을 기반으로 召虎가 창작하였다. <천보> 시의 독특한 문학적 특징은 儒家思想으로의 變遷과 함께 音樂뿐만이 아니라 書 &#30059;의 視覺的傳承에도 큰 영향을 주었다. 소호가 자연의 物像과 現象의 특성에 ‘如’로서 引喩法을 활용하여 宣王의 德을 칭송하고 왕을 위해 하늘과 祖上의 祝福을 祈願한 것이 ‘天保九如’이다. 즉 ‘如山 如阜 如岡 如陵 如川 如月 如日 如南山 如松柏’으로, 지금의 視覺的 傳承의 주요 圖像이 되었다. 이는 南宋代 馬和之의 《毛詩 陳風圖》 로부터 宋代 葉&#27198;의<端溪硯譜>, 明代 方于&#40065;의 《方氏墨譜》 와 程大約의 《程氏墨苑》 에까지 ‘天保九如’의 圖像的 표현으로 등장하게 되었던 것이다. 특히 程大約의 《程氏墨苑》 은 상류문인계층의 고급문화지식 및 儒敎, 佛敎, 道敎 經典의 내용 등을 그림과 도안으로 시각화 하고 해설을 붙여 출판해 대량생산함으로써 대중화하였다. 이를 계기로 명대 ‘천보구여’ 먹의 유통과 유행은 산수화 <天保九如圖>를 더욱 발전시켰고, 韓 中 日에서도 ‘천보구여’가 書 畵의 독립된 주제로 시각화되어 전승하는 것에 큰 역할을 하였다. ‘천보구여’가 상징하는 본래의 意味는 왕조의 永續을 祝願한 것인데, 근대이후에는 대중화에 따라 長壽를 祝願하거나 出世와 같이 吉祥的 의미로까지 확대되었다. 또한 ‘천보구여’의 개별적 소재에서도 吉祥的 의미가 확대되어 書 畵 외에도 다양하게 시각적으로 전승하고 있다.In the Western Zhou dynasty of China, the ‘mandate of heaven’ ideology(天命思想) and virtue(德) were reinterpreted by self-awakenings of human beings, and Zh&#224;o h&#468;(召虎) created <Ti&#257;nb&#462;o(天保)> based on these thoughts. The unique features of <Ti&#257;nb&#462;o> had a major influence in passing down visual inheritances such as music, books, and paintings along with the transition into the Confucian Thoughts. Zh&#224;o h&#468; used allusions with ‘r&#250;(如)’ in his writing of statue and characteristics of nature. With his allusions, he praised the virtue of King Xuan of Zhou and prayed for the blessings of the sky and ancestors for him in his writing, ‘Ti&#257;nb&#462;o ji&#468; r&#250;(天保九如).’ Also, ‘R&#250;sh&#257;n(如山) R&#250; f&#249;(如阜) R&#250; gang(如岡) R&#250; l&#237;ng(如陵) R&#250; chu&#257;n(如川) R&#250;yu&#232;(如月) R&#250; r&#236;(如日) R&#250; n&#225;nsh&#257;n(如南山) R&#250; s&#333;ngb&#462;i(如松柏)’ became major iconography of passing down visual inheritances. They appeared as ideological expression from 《M&#225;o sh&#299; Ch&#233;nf&#275;ngt&#250;(毛詩 陳風圖)》 of M&#462; h&#233; zh&#299; from the Southern Song dynasty’s to <Du&#257;n x&#299; y&#224;n p&#468;(端溪硯譜)> of Y&#232; Yu&#232; from the Song dynasty, 《F&#257;ng sh&#236; m&#242; p&#468;(方氏墨譜)》 of F&#257;ng y&#250; l&#468; from the Ming dynasty and 《Ch&#233;ng sh&#236; m&#242; yu&#224;n(程氏墨苑)》 of Ch&#233;ng d&#224;yu&#275;. Especially, 《Ch&#233;ng sh&#236; m&#242; yu&#224;n》 of Ch&#233;ng d&#224;yu&#275; contained high-level knowledge, and scriptures of Confucian, Buddhism and Taoism of the upper class of writers which were visualized with drawings, and published with commentary. The book was mass-produced and popularized. With this as a momentum, distribution and popularity of ink stones from ‘Ti&#257;nb&#462;o ji&#468; r&#250;(天保九如)’ of the Ming dynasty fostered a landscape painting, <Ti&#257;nb&#462;o ji&#468; r&#250; t&#250;(天保九如圖)>. Also in Korea, China, and Japan, ‘Ti&#257;nb&#462;o ji&#468; r&#250;’ took a major role in passing down books and paintings as an independent visual inheritance. Originally, ‘Ti&#257;nb&#462;o ji&#468; r&#250;’ symbolizes the prayer for the eternity of the dynasty, but after modern times, it was popularized and its meaning was expanded to hope for ‘good luck’ such as prayer for long life or success in career. Also, other than books and paintings, meanings of various subjects from ‘Ti&#257;nb&#462;o ji&#468; r&#250;’ were expanded independently, and various art works had been made with them.

ENHANCING STUDENTS INDEPENDENT LEARNING ACTIVITES IN A DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIROMENT

The article discusses the e-learning system as an actual form of digital and distance learning. In connection with the popularization of digital technologies, the education system has partially transformed and expanded its capabilities, making education accessible to everyone. Due to the unforeseen prevalence and the forced transition of learning to an electronic distance learning environment, there were still insufficiently tested pedagogical methods that stimulate students' interest in the online educational process. In this work, the authors analyze the methods and ways of enhancing the independent learning activity of students. The teacher's creative approach to the organization of the educational process in the online format serves as the basis for the development of independence and self-organization of students. Self-organization, in turn, is associated not only with educational activities, but also with the life and professional career of young people. For this purpose, in the process of educational activity, serious attention should be paid to self-organization not only within the educational process, but also in extracurricular activities.

CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE CAREER PATH BETWEEN CAREER PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECTOR IN OMAN

The aim of the present study is to review and develop a conceptual model of the relationship between career performance attributes, career path, and employee performance of the public sector in Oman. The study used online empirical recourses by the name of career performance attributes, career path, and employee performance in different online database sources such as Google Scholars, Springer Link, Wiley, Science Direct, JSTOR, Emerald full text, Scopus, and EBSCO HOST, etc. The review study summarized that Job satisfaction is the positive emotion result from the appraisal of job experience and fulfillment of employee needs. The study also found that job satisfaction can gain high performance whereas the dissatisfied performance of employees yields low employee performance. Moreover, the study also observed that career development and life changes have become very challenging for working women and there are numerous studies targeted towards gaining a better understanding of this issue, its consequences and the significance of these challenges. Finally, the research develops a conceptual framework that is to be followed in order to analyze the various elements and aspects. The framework has been designed by considering the various variables and their intricacies in particular relation to the subject matter of the research work in Oman and the regions.

Career indecision: an integrative review and research agenda

PurposeThe current review sought to bring light to the issue of an underexplored career phenomenon – career indecision. Career indecision is a significant developmental stage in one’s career life and has been a prominent topic in vocational psychology research in the past decades. However, it has received scant scholarly attention in the human resource development (HRD) field. Besides, the career indecision literature, in general, is lacking theoretical refinement and analytical review. The present study aims to stimulate HRD scholars’ interests by providing an introductory context for understanding the richness and potentialities of researching career indecision in the HRD area.Design/methodology/approachTo address the gap, the author conducted an integrative review (Torraco, 2005, 2016) of 60 peer-reviewed articles and synthesized the existing knowledge of career indecision. More importantly, antecedent and outcome factors associated with career indecision were identified and analyzed.FindingsA nomological network about career indecision was provided. Besides, the results of the integrative review revealed several omissions in the career indecision literature. Building upon that, implications for HRD research and practice are presented and discussed.Originality/valueAs an initial attempt to synthesize career indecision literature, this study sought to stimulate HRD professionals’ interest in examining this underexplored career phenomenon.

A Continuing Mission: Development of a Veterans' Baccalaureate Nursing Program.

With more than two million veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, programs are needed that prepare veterans for careers in civilian life. Veterans desire to continue their education and require assistance accessing their GI Bill, other financial benefits, receipt of college credit for military training and experience, and adapting to the college environment. A veterans baccalaureate nursing (VBSN) program addresses the challenges of veterans getting into and staying in school. This VBSN program was developed to provide academic structure and support from a dedicated veteran case manager. Policies were created to address the need for student veterans to petition for course credit based on their military training and experience. The VBSN program has been successful, growing from three students to 29 currently enrolled and 34 graduates. This program meets the needs of student veterans while adding to the nursing workforce. [J Nurs Educ. 2021;60(11):646-650.].

TỔ CHỨC HOẠT ĐỘNG TRẢI NGHIỆM HƯỚNG NGHIỆP CHỦ ĐỀ “TRỒNG CÂY BẰNG DUNG DỊCH THỦY CANH” - HÓA HỌC LỚP 11 (CHƯƠNG TRÌNH 2018) NHẰM PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC GIẢI QUYẾT VẤN ĐỀ CHO HỌC SINH

The born of the general education program stipulates that experience activities (primary level) and experiential and career-oriented activities (junior high school and high school levels) are both required educational activities carried out from grade 1 to grade 12 to assist students to develop competencies, skills, beliefs, ethics in order to promote creative potential and adaptability to life, environment, and profession future career [1]. Within the scope of this article, we briefly study the theoretical basis of experiential activity. Therefore, developing the topic of experiential activity "Growing plants with a hydroponic solution" in the Chemistry Grade 11 (2018 program) in order to develop problem-solving capacity for students. Experimental reveal that experiential and career-oriented activities assist students to develop their problem-solving abilities, contributing to improving the quality of education and training, which is appropriate in the period of educational reform nowadays.

To stay or to leave? Career story models of Finnish sports graduates

ABSTRACT Previous research has revealed the challenges of sports graduates. Of particular concern is the question of how sports graduates navigate these difficulties in the job market. This study sought to understand the modern careers of sports graduates by describing different career story models among sports degree graduates. Life story data collection was employed to capture the various influences affecting career paths. The data consisted of 59 career life stories collected from Finnish sports degree graduates who were recruited through an open writing invitation. Data were analysed with the narrative method. Five typical career story models were identified among Finnish sports degree graduates: (1) From struggles to career change; (2) Momentum for a new career; (3) No pain, no gain; (4) Natural path to success; and (5) From aspirations to an uncertain future. Collectively, these story models suggest that graduates seem to balance between their personal enthusiasm for sport and fitness and the realities of working life. Many graduates contemplated leaving the industry, and remaining in the sports industry was defined by how much working life met the expectations shaped by education or personal dreams. These findings indicate that since many sport graduates struggle with the structural challenges of the sports industry, additional support through student counselling and in finding quality entry-level jobs might be beneficial in preventing career change and supporting careers in sports. Narrative career counselling is suggested to promote the wellbeing of individuals who struggle in their careers.

Is There a Real Need for the Preparatory Years in Higher Education? An Educational Data Analysis for College and Future Career Readiness

Universities seek to qualify students for their academic and career futures and meet labor market requirements. Hence, a preparatory year is provided to bridge the gap between high school outcomes and the needs of university study plans. The preparatory year is the first year of support in the life of university students, and for decades, it has been recognized as important. It is considered the most crucial stage in the life of university students, where they build and refine their skills and choose their academic major, in which they complete their academic and career life. Due to the importance of this year, which requires the full attention and care of the higher authorities in terms of preparation, development, and renewal, this research outlines the importance of the preparatory year at a local level and in international institutions. Moreover, it sheds light on the details of King Abdulaziz University (KAU) students as a case study. It measures the relationship between the admission weighted ratio (AWR), the college enrollment allocation weighted ratio (CEAWR), and the performance of three batches of male and female students (three consecutive years), with details of students’ college allocation after the end of the preparatory year. More importantly, it aims to realize students’ progress through their weighted averages during their preparatory year, and the extent to which the goals of the preparatory year are achieved. After an analytic survey of the reality of the preparatory year, based on the statistical tests conducted, this study found that it is not possible to be satisfied with the weighted ratio for colleges’ direct allocation of high school students. The tests showed a difference between the AWR and that of the CEAWR, which indicates a change in the level of students’ performance from high school to university, due to the positive impact of the preparatory year. More precisely, it was noted that there is a possibility of studying the sufficiency of the weighted ratio for the direct allocation of some colleges in future research.

Effectiveness of Mechanical Wave Learning Material Based on ICT Integrated CTL to Improve Students Learning Outcomes

The 21st-century skills integrate life career skills, learning and innovation-4C, and information, media, and technology skills. The components are required to make the learning process more effective and efficient. 21st-century learning is transforming from teacher center to student center. Student-centered learning can use ICT-based learning material in the learning process. Based on preliminary research, the use of ICT-based learning material was still low. The solution to this problem was developing learning material based on ICT integrated CTL to improve student's learning outcomes. The method that used in this research was quasi-experiment. The sample in the field testing of learning material based on ICT was a grade XI of students at SMAN Lubuk Sikaping. The data collection instruments used were attitude observation sheets, written tests, and performance assessment sheets. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistical analysis, normality test, homogeneity test, and t-test. Based on data analysis, it can be stated that the application of mechanical wave learning material based on ICT integrated CTL has a significant effect on students' learning outcomes, including in the aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and skills. This result indicates that the use of mechanical wave learning material based on ICT integrated CTL effectively improves students' learning outcomes

Human Capital and Two Factor Theories on Job Satisfaction

Human capital is part of driving business. Knowledge and skill are needed in organization to achieve goals. Research's aim is to study human capital theory combine with two-factor theories on job satisfaction. Because in 2020, there are many employees had resigned from company. The simplified methodology is to analyses on human capital theory as in quantitative for corporate training structure; budget, manpower and training program. Moreover, two-factor theories are qualitative applied for corporate structure; organization policies, salary structure, and achievement. This is survey research using questionnaires with a sample of 109 cases calculating from Taro Yamane's formula. Data analyses are multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation. Findings express that the support in higher education and soft skills training are affecting on job satisfaction. Furthermore, in term of two factors show that all key elements are acted as the "Career Life Factors Chain". Business strategy implication expresses as knowledge management via business training rewards. It will be set under terms and conditions on supporting in higher education to employee who works for five years. Besides, upskill and reskill training will provide to employee who works for three years. Meanwhile, two-factor theories business strategy implication as job evaluation and promotion. Criteria for considering are related to position, age, year of service, and salary. Therefore, top managers can apply as its backward analysis with restructuring of human capital management. Keywords: Human Capital, Job Satisfaction, Upskill – Reskill Management

Tentative lifeworlds in Art Deco: young people’s milieus in postwar Asmara, Eritrea, 2001–2005

ABSTRACT After the end of the Ethiopian-Eritrean border war (1998–2000) life resumed in Asmara, where the young generation flocked to cafés, bars and nightclubs after work or study. During my ethnographic fieldwork (2001–2005) I identified three larger social milieus that pursued and staged their own ideas of a good life: the chic, the shabby and the pious. Until the ‘political spring’ of summer 2001, young people looked forward to building up promising life careers inside the country. Eritrea needed young professionals more than ever before, and not everyone had fallen out with Eritrea’s guerrilla government. 2001s clampdown quickly changed future prospects for individuals, families and for society as a whole. In the different milieus’ meeting places, these events were well observed and cautiously discussed. Social life went on, but from now on performed visions of a good life became unreachable in real life. Migration appeared as the only answer. An existential view of selected protagonists and ethnographic sketches from the early 2000s will help to re-interpret the youth life-worlds of Asmara’s recent past in a regional history of ongoing violence.

JANE MANNING REMEMBERED

Jane Manning's death, in March 2021, brought to an end a remarkable life and musical career, and it seems appropriate to celebrate that life with an extended tribute. TEMPO has always had a particularly close relationship with new music in Britain, where the journal is based, and Jane's work as a performer transformed the way in which musicians and audiences in Britain understood the technical and imaginative potential of new music. Her repertoire was enormous, and her interpretations of older music – Dallapiccola, Messiaen, Ravel, Webern – were wonderful, but it was as the creator of new work with living composers that she had such an extraordinary influence. What follows is an attempt to describe how that influence developed and to explain why it was so extraordinary.

Robert L. Smith: Visionary Leader, Extraordinary Mentor, & Beloved Colleague

This remembrance of Dr. Robert L. Smith, 63rd President of the American Counseling Association, contains recollections, tributes, and anecdotes about the life career of a major contributor to the profession of counseling. Dr. Smith's roles as collaborator and mentor are evidenced in the words of students, colleagues, and leaders. He founded the International Association of Marriage and Family Counselors and served as Executive Director of the organization. Personal qualities enabled Dr. Smith to share his gifts with those he mentored. His influence in counselor education will continue through the lives of those who knew and loved him.

Supporting quality social studies instruction: the social studies practices continuum

PurposeThis article presents the social studies practices continuum, which is a tool that supports social studies teachers in implementing inquiry-based practices in their classrooms. It was designed by the authors based on similar instruments found in science education and informed by the College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework for Social Studies Standards.Design/methodology/approachThe article describes the instrument's creation and describes its use with preservice teachers in teacher preparation programs, inservice teachers during district-based professional development.FindingsThe continuum has been used as a reflective tool for teachers and curriculum developers, and as a tool for instructional coaches and administrators to improve teaching practices.Originality/valueThis article offers a new tool for teachers and supervisors to use in improving instruction.

Stuart Ross Taylor (1925–2021): A tribute to his life and scientific career

Stuart Ross Taylor (1925–2021): A tribute to his life and scientific career

정부의 문화예술 정책이 문화예술 전공자의 전공진로결정 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 -정부신뢰의 매개를 중심으로-

본 연구는 현재 문화예술분야를 전공하고 있는 대학생들을 대상으로 그들이 인식하는 정부정책과 정부신뢰 수준이 전공진로결정과 삶의 질에 어떻게 영향을 미치고 있는지를 파악하고자 시도되었다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 문화예술 전공 대학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 통해 총 201개의 유효한 표본자료를 수집하였으며 통계프로그램 AMOS 26.0을 활용하여 확인요인분석 및 구조모형 경로분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과를 정리하면 첫째, 정부기관의 문화예술정책을 구성하는 요인 중 문화예술정책 혜택의 인식은 정부신뢰에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 문화예술 정책의 혜택인식은 직접적으로 전공진로결정에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 셋째, 문화예술정책의 공정성 인식은 삶의 질 평가에 긍정적인 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 전공진로결정은 삶의 질을 긍정적으로 인식하게 하는 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 고려해볼 때 대학생의 전공진로 결정은 정부신뢰의 매개에 의해 영향 받기보다는 정책의 혜택에 대한 인식을 통해 직접적으로 영향을 받고, 삶의 질은 정책의 공정성에서 영향을 받고 있음이 확인되었다. 본 연구가 정부정책과 대학생의 진로결정 및 삶의 질 판단과의 연향관계를 탐구하였다는 기초적인 학문적 기여가 있었음에도 불구하고 일부 한계점을 안고 있어 향후 연구에서 변수의 확장, 조사대상자 확장 등의 시도를 통해 보다 일반화된 연구결과를 도출하는 노력이 필요할 것으로 본다.

Exploring career life cycles and influencing factors of elementary school teachers using systematic review

Exploring career life cycles and influencing factors of elementary school teachers using systematic review

How to write an editorial?

Every doctor in their career must have read or written an editorial. Our field is very scientific, logical, evidence based and genuinely to write editorials for medical journals is indeed not an easy task. Need and use of editorialin medical journals is similar to that of newspapers, they provide a focus, give direction and stimulate interest1. This brings up thoughts of the tips and techniques of how to write an editorial? Reading editorials show how one writers style is different from another, same as all fingers of a hand are not equal. First what is an editorial: It is a piece of writing whereby the author is conveying facts to the readers, gives opinion on those facts with rationale to create a good balance between the written facts and opinion. To authenticate this the author provides reliable evidence for effective persuasion2,3. Secondly why write an editorial: It could be the forerunner of what to expect within the journal, get a not widely disseminated opinion across to readers or persuade readers to believe the authors opinion2. Thirdly what should be the structure format of an editorial: The title should be eye catching like an abstract of a scientific paper. The author should start with the fact to be portrayed on which opinion should be built which could be for or against. Keeping balance of fact: opinion, validate with evidence which will strengthen the foundation for persuasion, if the author wants to use persuasion.2 Format of editorial may vary depending on requirements of the journal but the fact writing editorials is a taxing feat especially when writing about unreported, underreported, controversial or innovative issues for creating awareness.4Nonetheless, it is a rewarding task one must indulge in at least once in career life.

Impact of Women's Domination in Plastic Surgery Residency Program in Indonesia.

Background:A shift in gender dominance from man to woman in the medical field has occurred from time to time globally, including in Indonesia’s plastic surgery community. This shift may alter the education and clinical settings of plastic surgery. This study aimed to explore the effect of the phenomenon of women’s dominance in plastic surgery residency programs in Indonesia.Methods:This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach on three plastic surgery residency programs in Indonesia. Academic report review, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews of residents, lecturers, residency program managers, and alumni user groups were selected using the maximum variation sampling method. Data obtained were analyzed and processed thematically.Results:Three themes emerged based on the educational process timeline: pre-education, intra-education, and post-education. Each timeline had several themes that mutually influenced the educational process. In the pre-educational process, residents’ personal characters were affected by societies’ positive and negative perceptions. The working environment, impact of women’s dominance, and cultural dimension affected the intra-educational process. When entering the career life, residents expected an ideal working environment and had particular workplace preferences to achieve their well-being.Conclusions:The impact of women’s dominance during the educational program affected residents’ daily dynamics. However, this dominance did not affect the quality of education and workloads.