This article deals with the various instruments that have been implemented in an attempt to mitigate the impacts of economic activities that are very recent. The projection of Law and Economics, brought together in Coase's analysis, opened a portal of debates that overcame the anachronism in both sciences. That said, this article aims to analyze the Provision of Environmental Services (PES) as a condition for the reduction or compensation of perceived environmental impacts in the environmental licensing process. Therefore, a considerable analysis of the environmental licensing procedure was carried out, with the subsequent conceptualization of the provision of environmental services, ending with the verification of the converging points between the themes. The methodology adopted was informative and bibliographical. The results and discussions showed that, although it is an instrument endowed with complexities, there are indeed possible alternatives for the implementation of the PES in environmental licensing, with the possibility of using direct or indirect means.