Library Research Research Articles

Evaluation of the Implementation of Project-Based Curriculum for the Development of 21st Century Skills in Students

This study evaluates the implementation of a project-based curriculum aimed at fostering 21st-century skills in students. As the demands of the modern workforce shift towards critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication, educational institutions are increasingly adopting project-based learning (PBL) as a pedagogical approach. This research employs a qualitative methodology through literature review and library research, synthesizing findings from various academic sources to assess the effectiveness of PBL in cultivating these essential skills. The study highlights the theoretical framework underpinning PBL, emphasizing its role in creating authentic learning experiences that mirror real-world challenges. Key components, such as student autonomy, interdisciplinary learning, and reflective practices, are explored to understand their contribution to skill development. Results indicate that while PBL significantly enhances problem-solving abilities and collaborative skills, its successful implementation depends on factors such as teacher competence, resource availability, and institutional support. Moreover, the study identifies potential barriers, including inconsistent assessment methods and resistance to change within traditional educational structures. This paper concludes by offering recommendations for improving PBL integration, advocating for comprehensive teacher training programs and the establishment of clear assessment criteria. By bridging the gap between theoretical insights and practical applications, this research provides valuable contributions to the discourse on 21st-century education, paving the way for more dynamic and effective teaching practices that align with global educational standards.

How Did Imam At-Thabari's Interpretation with Tafsir bil Ma'tsur Style Influence Qur'anic Exegesis and Ulama During the Abbasid Dynasty Era?

Tafsir bil ma'tsur is a method of interpreting the Qur'an based on authoritative sources such as the Qur'an, hadith, opinions of companions, and tabi'in. In the Abbasid era, this method developed rapidly along with the increasing attention to the science of interpretation and codification of hadith. Imam At-Thabari was one of the leading figures who lived in the Abbasid era when science developed rapidly. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Imam At-Thabari's interpretation in interpreting the Qur'an. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a library research approach. The data collection techniques used are documentation techniques and reading techniques. The results of this study indicate that tafsir bil ma'tsur in the Abbasid era experienced more mature methodological developments, especially in the aspects of criticism of sanad and the selection of stronger narrations. The influence of its methodology was very significant in the Abbasid era, which became the main reference for subsequent interpreters and formed the standard in the tradition of interpreting the Qur'an. This study contributes to the understanding of the evolution of tafsir methodology in the golden age of Islam and its relevance to the development of contemporary studies.

Protocol on a systematic review of nomenclature and outcomes in children with complex critical illness in Paediatric Critical Care: The basis for consensus definition

Introduction Paediatric Critical Care (PCC) supports the recovery of children with severe illness. In the UK, there are 30 PCC units with a total of approximately 400 beds. There is constant demand for these beds with a mean five-day length of stay and admissions increasing at a greater rate than age-specific population growth. Prolonged stay patients account for approximately half of all PCC patient bed days. Children with complex critical illness (CCI) need input from multiple different teams alongside support for their family. CCI often become prolonged PCC-stay patients too. Internationally, there is variation in the definition of CCI, this creates service variation and tensions around what resources can be provided including discharge planning, provision, and support. Objective: The face of Paediatric Critical Care, in the UK and internationally has changed over the last ten years with a growing cohort of complex critically ill patients. This systematic review aims to look at current nomenclature, criteria, and outcome measures of priority in this undefined patient population. Methods and materials Inclusion criteria: All types of studies examining children with complex critical illness (age <18 years) admitted to any paediatric critical care. The review is registered on Prospero. Medline, Embase, Maternity and Infant care, The Cochrane Library, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the Trip database will be searched from 2014 to May 2024. The search was limited to ten years as children with complex critical illness are a relatively new concept within PCC. Therefore, the timeline was limited to increase the accuracy and applicability of the review. Search limits included all languages, excluded the setting of neonatal intensive care, and age>18 years old. The final search strategy was developed in Medline and peer-reviewed by a health research librarian not involved in the study. This was translated to other databases as appropriate. Four independent reviewers will screen citations for eligible studies and perform data extraction. Discussion A systematic review methodology has been used to develop a broad understanding of the literature which will be used to develop further work in this area. Using a rigorous and stepwise approach, the whole spectrum of scientific publications on children with complex critical illness in paediatric intensive care will be reviewed, ensuring this study is as comprehensive as possible. This includes quantitative, qualitative, theoretical, and grey literature. A limitation of this systematic review is the use of many terms to describe children with complex critical illness in the literature resulting in a high number of publications on this topic.

MAHABBAH BONDING RELATIONSHIP: RELATIONSHIP MARKETING THEORY IN ISLAMIC VALUE LENS TOWARD BUSINESS SUPPORTING CAPACITY IN BUSINESS GROUPS (KUBE) MSME FISH PROCESSING IN CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA

Objective: This research proposes a new conceptual model in marketing activities to provide benefits for all parties involved in a marketing relationship bond. Theoretical Framework: The integration of dimensions from Relationship Marketing Theory and Islamic Values forms a new conceptual effort to enhance marketing performance, which is Mahabbah Bonding Relationship. Method: This study employs a grounded theory research design to form constructs and develop theories from data collected directly through observation, interviews, and library research. Results and Discussion: The Mahabbah Bonding Relationship, which represents a brotherhood relationship among human resources in binding customers based on shared Islamic values to strengthen relationships and create sustainable mutual benefits. Research Implications: This study holds significant implications for expanding the current literature and advancing marketing theory and business practices. Human resource skills in building relationships based on shared Islamic values are crucial for enhancing marketing performance. Originality/Value: The integration of dimensions from Relationship Marketing Theory with the bonding approach and Islamic Values with the Mahabbah concept introduces the dimensions of the Mahabbah Bonding Relationship.

Moderasi Bertasawuf Perpektif Abdul Halim Mahmud

Sufi muslims are divided into two extreme groups, there are; 1) ultra-conservative sufi as right extreme, and 2) liberalist sufi as left extreme. The ultra-conservative sufi are those who are fanatical toward mursyid teachers, teaching process, blame other teacher, and sufism order without proper explanation or do tasawuf only for wordly material interest. Meanwhile, the liberalists sufi who are free to interpret religious teachings according to their own thinking logically, or who regard themselves as prophets who receive revelation or even claim to be God. This study aims to explore the form of Abdul Halim Mahmud’s moderation of tasawuf and its typology. This study categorized as qualitative library research that uses an analytical descriptive approach. In short, the result finding showed that Mahmud’s moderation of tasawuf includes three elements which interwinned and continued from the begining of the journey to the end; knowledge, mujahadah, and worship. Furthermore, Mahmud’s form moderation of tasawuf suggested that; 1) to follow the messenger of Allah and guided by the Al-Qur’an and Sunnah as always, 2) to mediate two extreme sufi groups in wise ways, 3) to tolerance intra and inter-religious with a rational reinterpretation the concept of sufism based on Islamic law, and 4) to avoid violence by instilling the teachings of love and pleasure as well as supporting the true goverment programs and acomodating the local culture. In the last finding, Mahmud’s moderation of tasawuf also included in catagory of moral, practicing, and philosopical tasawuf models at the same time.

Eksplorasi Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Big Book Dalam Mengenalkan Alat-Alat Optik Kepada Peserta Didik

This research aims to explore the use of Big Book learning media in introducing optical tools to elementary school students. This study uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research. These sources are systematically analyzed to select, explore, evaluate, and synthesize the latest findings. The literature search is estimated to be published from 2020 to 2024. The source of the article searched or selected through an online search with the Google Scholar database uses the keywords "Big Book Learning Media" and "Optical Tools". Based on the results of the description of the literature study regarding the exploration of the use of big book learning media in introducing optical tools effectively increasing students' interest and understanding of the material. With its attractive visualizations and large size, the Big Book makes it easier to convey the concept of complex optical devices, such as microscopes, telescopes, and cameras, to be easier to understand. In addition, its use supports collaborative and interactive learning, thereby increasing the active involvement of students. Although there are several challenges, including limited availability of topics, limited interaction, strategies and integration of digital media and creative creation of Big Books can help optimize their use in learning. Thus, it is hoped that the Big Book can be a very useful tool in science learning, providing a more comprehensive and in-depth learning experience for students.

Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Partisipasi Siswa Di Tinjau Dari Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru

This study aims to explore the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in increasing student participation, as viewed from the pedagogical competence of teachers. Pedagogical competence is an essential element that determines the effectiveness of learning, including in the implementation of PBL, which requires the teacher’s ability to design, manage, and evaluate problem-based learning processes. This study uses a library research approach, referring to various academic literature such as books, scholarly journals, and relevant dissertations. Data were collected from various sources discussing learning strategies, research methodologies, and the implementation of PBL in the educational context. Data analysis was conducted using a content analysis approach, through the process of identifying patterns, themes, and relationships in the analyzed literature. The research findings indicate that good pedagogical competence allows teachers to create a collaborative learning environment, motivate students to think critically, and enhance their involvement in the learning process. Furthermore, effective implementation of PBL requires teachers’ skills in guiding students to solve problems independently, so that active student participation can be realized. This study concludes that improving teachers' pedagogical competence, especially in the context of PBL, has significant implications for the success of learning based on active participation. Therefore, teacher professional development through training and pedagogical competence development programs is an essential step to support the optimal implementation of PBL. This research is expected to serve as a reference for educators and policymakers in designing strategies to improve the quality of education through strengthening teachers' pedagogical competence.

Philosophy of Education: A Theoretical Study of Concepts, Schools, and Their Influence in Educational Science

Philosophy of education is a branch of philosophy that reflects the nature, goals, and methods of education in understanding the basic principles that shape the education system. This study includes various theories in epistemology, ethics, and ontology that play a role in formulating policies, curricula, pedagogical practices, and effective teaching methods. Education aims to develop the intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual potential of individuals through a lifelong learning process. With a library research approach, this article discusses the relationship between philosophy of education and educational science, branches of philosophy, and the influence of philosophical schools on the development of the education system. Understanding the philosophy of education is very important for educators and policy makers in creating a better education system. In addition, the philosophy of education contributes to building a humanistic education system that focuses on the development of the intellect, morality, and character of students for the advancement of society.

Development of Large Language Models: Copyright Law Perspectives for Research Institutions and Research Libraries

Abstract This article discusses European copyright law as applied to the development and training of generative AI and natural language processing in public interest research institutions and libraries. The article focuses on the scope of the new exceptions from copyright law for text and data mining (TDM) for research purposes and discusses them from the perspective of research ethics and principles of open science in publicly financed research. The public interest mission of research institutions and libraries includes the open dissemination of research results but the exceptions from copyright are focused only on the training phase in AI development. Regulation on data transparency is fragmented. The article finds that while new exceptions open for developing language models under research institutions and libraries’ public interest mission to preserve national languages, the regulation is not adapted to principles of research ethics and open science, and legal uncertainty remains.

Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung No 23 P/HUM/2024 Terhadap PKPU No 9 Tahun 2020 Tentang Syarat Minimal Usia Calon Kepala Daerah dalam Perspektif Fiqh Siyasah

The aim of this article is to clarify the minimum requirements for regional head candidates referred to in the decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia No. 23 P/HUM/2024 and to find out the judge's considerations in resolving cases from the Fiqh Siyasah perspective. The writing method uses a normative approach and the data collection technique uses library research. This research is descriptive and aims at problem-solution. Based on the analysis of this article, it was found that the Supreme Court Decision No. 23 P/HUM/2024 has the potential for injustice and legal uncertainty in regional elections because it is likely not fulfilled at the time of nomination. Based on the legal implications, the decision has the potential to increase disputes in regional head elections.

METODE MA’NA CUM MAGHZA DALAM MEMAHAMI AYAT-AYAT DZIKIR

The essence of human creation is to worship and serve Allah. In addition to prayer, many forms of worship lead humans to continually depend on Allah SWT, one of which is dhikr. Dhikr is a form of worship that can be performed anytime and anywhere without any hindrance. While prayer may be obstructed by several factors, this does not apply to dhikr. Even women in a state of nifas (postpartum period) and menstruation are not prohibited from constantly remembering Allah SWT. However, the peoples do not understand this essence. Therefore, in this study, the author will present the interpretation of dhikr verses and examine the benefits and virtues contained in these verses using the Ma’na cum Maghza approach. This research aims to provide an understanding of the virtues and benefits of dhikr. This study is a library research that takes data and information from various materials in the library, such as books, magazines, documents, notes, historical stories, and others. The method used is descriptive analysis, which describes matters related to dhikr and the Ma’na cum Maghza theory obtained from primary sources such as Tafsir al-Munir, Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Tafsir al-Misbah, as well as related books and literature. Then, an analysis is conducted on the dhikr verses that have been described, by interpreting the Qur'anic verses and explaining all aspects contained in them, such as the meaning of words, asbabun nuzul (reasons for revelation), according to the steps used in the Ma’na cum Maghza theory. At the end of the discussion, this study concludes that dhikr has many meanings and different purposes. Among them, there is the intention to remember Allah when the time for prayer arrives, to remember Allah by contemplating the nature and all forms of His creation, and the context of remembering Allah during prayer. With this theory, many ways of remembering Allah are found to increase our faith in Him and strengthen our Aqeedah and Tawheed in Allah SWT.

Implementasi Metode Eksperimen dalam Pembelajaran IPA Tentang Sumber Energi Alternatif pada Siswa Kelas IV MI Attaqwa Sawangan Depok

This research aims to increase interest in science lessons, especially material about alternative energy sources among class IV students at MI At Taqwa Sawangan Depok in the even semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The data collection method uses the library research method. The data collection technique used is by listing all the variables that need to be studied, namely: learning implementation, experimental methods, alternative energy source materials. Select the necessary descriptive materials from available sources such as books, articles or biographies that are relevant to the problem being studied. This research can be concluded that the application of experimental methods in science learning can increase students' interest in learning and students' science learning outcomes, especially material on alternative energy sources.

Membangun Manajemen Pendidikan Islam yang Adaptif: Integrasi Nilai Moral dalam Pembentukan Karakter Siswa

This study analyzes the gap between academic achievement and moral character development in Islamic education, focusing on the integration of life values as the foundation for developing theories and practices in Islamic education management. The research employed a library research method, utilizing data sources such as journal articles, books, and relevant research reports. Data collection techniques involved selecting literature based on topic relevance, source credibility, and validity. Data analysis was conducted using analytical and synthetic methods to identify patterns, concepts, and research gaps. The findings reveal significant challenges in Islamic education, including insufficient teacher training, limited value-based curricula, and the impact of globalization and social media, which have contributed to a decline in students' moral values. Although value-based approaches have proven conceptually effective in building students' character, practical implementation continues to face systemic barriers. This study emphasizes the importance of curriculum reform and the development of value-based educational management models that are adaptive to modern needs while maintaining Islamic identity. It provides a robust conceptual foundation for further comprehensive research to create relevant, holistic, and morally-oriented Islamic education systems

The Peak of Prophetic Civilization in The Time of The Rasulullah Saw

A very honest confession from Michael H. Hart in his book entitled « The 100 : A Ranking Of The Most Influential Person in History” in this book he places the Prophet Muhammad SAW as the most influential human history. That is the truth, for us as Muslims we definitely believe that in a religious context the Prophet Muhammad was a very influential figure and had a very big name that could not be rivaled by anyone from various sectors. So on this occasion we try to describe how the peak of prophetic civilization was, especially during the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, at that time there was often a connection between heaven and earth through him, the idealism of all events also occurred on earth and it was at that time that the peak of prophetic civilization occurred. In this paper we use the library research method, and through descriptive-analytical analysis from several reference sources in this paper we will show the condition of Arab society before the arrival of Islam, then in the Mecca period, and in the Medina period. In the end, we can find that in that period there was the best period, the most ideal period, and the peak of prophetic civilization, so that in the future it would become an example for humans to achieve a good, prosperous and safe social life accompanied by faith in Allah SWT.

DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES BY THE STATE: FROM OLIGARCHY TO DEMOCRATIZATION IN INDONESIA

The urgency of fostering political parties by the state is increasingly felt, especially in the context of ensuring that political parties do not only function as political machines for the benefit of a few. This research discusses the problems of democratization of political parties in Indonesia and the practice of fostering political parties in various countries as well as the constitutional idea of fostering political parties by the state in Indonesia. This research was compiled using the library research method, namely research with library studies as the main reference material in research with a statue, conceptual and comparative approach. This research aims to find out the problems of democratization of political parties in Indonesia, the practice of fostering political parties in various countries, as well as constitutional ideas regarding the development of political parties by the state in Indonesia.

Legitimasi Penafsiran DI/TII Sensen Komara tentang Perubahan Arah Kiblat: Analisis Penafsiran QS. Al-Baqarah 142-144

Interpretations with pragmatic and ideological approaches to Qur'anic verses have the potential to trigger deviations in people's understanding. Sensen Komara uses this interpretation to strengthen the ideology and legitimacy of his movement, which has the potential to cause division among Muslims. This study aims to analyze the methods and approaches used by Sensen Komara to examine the legitimacy of Sensen Komara's interpretation of the change in Qibla direction contained in QS. Al-Baqarah verse 142-144, as well as comparing it with authoritative interpretations from leading scholars. The research conducted is library research, namely by collecting library data. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive-analytical method by explaining or describing through clear words and detailing systematically, factually and accurately based on existing data. The interpretation of QS. Al-Baqarah 142-144 by DI/TII Sensen Komara reflects an attempt to use the Qur'an as a means of legitimizing the ideology of their movement. This pragmatic and ideological approach shows the courage to adapt the sacred text according to the context of their struggle. Interpretations that tend to be partial and contextually limited risk ignoring the universal and inclusive dimensions of Qur'ānic verses. As a consequence, the deep spiritual message of changing the Qibla direction as a symbol of Muslim obedience and unity can be reduced to a mere political tool. This interpretation shows the importance of a balance between understanding the historical context and the universal message of the Qur'an.

Transformational Leadership in E-Government: Fostering Innovation and Efficiency in Public Administration

Transformational leadership has emerged as a critical factor in driving the success of e-government initiatives, particularly in fostering innovation and enhancing efficiency in public administration. This study explores the role of transformational leadership in the adoption and implementation of e-government systems, focusing on its ability to inspire change, motivate teams, and navigate complex challenges inherent in digital transformation. Utilizing a qualitative methodology based on a systematic literature review and library research, this paper synthesizes insights from academic studies, case reports, and policy documents to examine how transformational leaders influence the success of e-government projects. The findings highlight that transformational leadership, characterized by vision, charisma, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration, significantly contributes to creating an innovative culture within public administration. Leaders who adopt this style are more effective in overcoming resistance to change, encouraging collaboration across departments, and aligning digital transformation goals with public service objectives. The study also identifies key challenges faced by transformational leaders in e-government, such as resistance from stakeholders, limited resources, and the need for continuous upskilling of personnel. This research emphasizes the importance of integrating transformational leadership principles into the planning and execution of e-government initiatives. By doing so, public sector organizations can achieve higher levels of efficiency, transparency, and citizen satisfaction. Future studies are encouraged to explore specific case studies and empirical data to further validate the role of transformational leadership in e-government.

Partisipasi Publik Dalam Proses Anggaran Pada Ruang Lingkup Rendahnya Partisipasi Publik dalam Proses Anggaran di Indonesia

The OBS Budget Transparency Survey is the world's only independent, comparative and fact-based research instrument that uses internationally recognized criteria to assess public access to central government budget information; and the role of budget monitoring institutions, such as legislative bodies and national audit bodies, in the budgeting process. In good government governance, requires accountability, transparency and community participation in every public policy determination, in order to realize good governance. The study related to public participation in the budget process was prepared with the aim of getting an overview of the implementation of public information disclosure in the budgeting process in view of the low level of public participation in the budget process in Indonesia. To achieve this goal, this study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach, namely a method of collecting data by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to the research. Public participation in the Participatory Budgeting process is a key factor. Not everyone wants to be involved in Participatory Budgeting. Some of the reasons that cause low community participation are the community's disappointment because they were not involved in the initial Participatory Budgeting process, Meanwhile, in countries where the level of public participation in Participatory Budgeting is quite high, Factors that encourage community involvement include very high political awareness in society at all levels, involving all levels of society, including minorities and marginalized groups

The Role of Guidance and Counseling Teachers in Developing Student Potential

This writing research aims to understand the Role of Guidance and Counseling Teachers in developing student potential. The method in this writing uses the library research method or literature study as the main approach. This method includes collecting and analyzing data from various relevant written sources, including books, journals, scientific articles, and other documents related to the role of teachers in developing student potential. By using this library research method, the researcher conducted a systematic review and identification of journals which in each process followed the steps that had been set. The data analysis techniques used were clarifying, concluding, and concluding. The results of this journal writing research are: 1) Student Potential Development Strategy and 2 Guidance and Counseling Teachers' Efforts to Improve Students' Academic Achievement.

Bridging Educational Reform and Faith: Evaluating Kurikulum Merdeka's Compatibility with Islamic Values in Madrasahs

This study explored the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka (KM) in Indonesian Islamic schools (Madrasahs) by analyzing the compatibility of its implementation with Islamic educational values and its challenges and opportunities. The primary aims are to determine the alignment between KM principles and Islamic education, examine obstacles and recommend ways to effectively implement it in Madrasahs. This research synthesizes several academic articles, government policy documents, historical texts, and literature on curriculum development based on library research methods. Content analysis is used to uncover underlying themes, comparative analysis is used to assess compatibility with the curriculum, and critical evaluation is used to assess KM's impact on Islamic education. One key finding revealed is that the features of KM, such as student-centred learning, critical thinking and the development of student character, correspond well with the holistic goals of Islamic education. Nevertheless, major obstacles exist, such as a lack of teacher preparation, resource gaps, and tensions between KM's flexible approaches and Madrasah's traditional frameworks. Despite these challenges, KM presents opportunities for integrating secular and religious education, fostering inclusivity, and promoting innovative teaching practices. KM holds transformative potential in Madrasahs as it can integrate national education reforms with basic Islamic concepts. That would necessitate personalized teacher training, collaborative policy development and tailoring of curriculum for local contexts. Future research has the potential to yield a longitudinal insight into adoption across diverse demographics in different Islamic educational contexts.