Levels Of Well-being Research Articles

The Mindfulness-Based on Spiritual Intervention on Psychological Well-Being and Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Blood sugar levels are influenced by psychological well-being, which is affected by diabetics who go from being healthy to sick. This study examined the effect of spiritually situated mindfulness interventions on the psychological health and blood sugar levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: A quasi-explore different avenues regarding an untreated benchmark group and ward pre-and post-test samples was the research strategy utilized. All type 2 DM patients at the Surabaya Islamic Hospital Outpatient Clinic made up the study's populace. Using a basic random sampling strategy, 130 samples in totally were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion rules. Also, the sample was split fifty, with 60 respondents each in the control and treatment groups. The Glucometer and the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale were the instruments utilized in this investigation. Matched sample t-test and independent sample t-test data analysis. Result: The results showed that the psychological well-being of the intervention bunch was 147.68 before the intervention and 171.32 after it. The mean blood sugar level in the gathering before the intervention was executed was 302.64, however after it was carried out, it was 189.11. In addition, the mean blood sugar levels in the benchmark group were 289.21 and 283.87 when the intervention, and the mean psychological well-being levels were 146.84 and 146.02, respectively. Furthermore, the data analysis demonstrated a negative relationship between type 2 diabetes patients' blood sugar levels and psychological well-being and mindfullnes based on spiritual intervention (p = 0.00). Discuss: Individuals with type 2 diabetes can encounter improvements in their psychological well-being by lowering their blood sugar levels through the often used mindfullnes based on spiritual intervention.

Investigation of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Case-Control Study.

Swelling, effusion, tenderness, and pain seen in the joints of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). This disease may cause limitation in joint movements, muscle weakness, atrophy, balance, and gait disorders. Physical fitness is accepted as an important determinant of health in both childhood and adolescence. The aim was to evaluate the physical fitness of children/adolescents with JIA and compare it with healthy peers. Seventy children/adolescents were included (35 JIA and 35 healthy). The Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and the Brockport physical fitness test battery were used for evaluation. The Brockport physical fitness test battery consists of dominant handgrip strength, curl-up, push-up, trunk lift, shoulder stretch, sit and reach tests, skinfold thickness (calf/triceps/subscapular) measurements, and PACER 20 m test. A significant difference was found in all sub-parameters of CHAQ (P < .05) and dominant hand grip strength (P = .037), curl-up test (P < .001), trunk lift test (P = .018), shoulder stretch (P < .001) and PACER 20 m test (P < .001) tests in favor of the healthy group. Children/adolescents with JIA demonstrated lower performance compared to their healthy peers in muscular and cardiovascular capacity tests (curl-up test, PACER 20 m test, trunk lift test, dominant hand grip strength test, and shoulder stretch test). Their functional abilities are more impaired, and they experience higher levels of pain and lower levels of general well-being compared to healthy peers.

The Role of Outdoor Mindfulness Intervention in Optimizing Mental Well-Being in Adolescents with Specific Learning Disabilities

Adolescents with specific learning disabilities may experience mental well-being challenges as a result of struggling academically, facing social stigma, being subjected to negative stereotypes, and experiencing heightened levels of anxiety, poor mental health, lower self-esteem, and increased stress. This study explores the potential benefits of outdoor-based mindfulness interventions as a complementary approach to remedial education, in improving mental well-being in adolescents with specific learning disabilities. This study was conducted at an institution that gives remedial education for children with specific learning disability in Thrissur, Kerala. Convenient sampling was used to select 30 students aged 13-18 years. Later, participants were randomly divided into two groups the experimental group (n=15) received outdoor mindfulness training in addition to their regular remedial education program. In contrast, the control group (n=15) received only remedial training. The study duration spanned four weeks, during which the mindfulness group participated in weekly outdoor mindfulness sessions conducted individually. They were instructed to practice mindfulness exercises daily between sessions. Both groups were assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) at the beginning (pre-intervention) and at the end (post-intervention) of the four weeks to measure changes in mental well-being. The outdoor mindfulness interventions included a range of activities, designed to optimize the level of well-being experienced by the participants in their day-to-day lives. These activities focused on enhancing the skills of mindfully listening, walking, breathing, and observing without any judgments of self and surroundings and being in the present at the moment. Results indicated significant improvements in mental well-being scores among participants in the mindfulness group compared to the control group. This underscores the potential of integrating mindfulness practices into educational settings to enhance emotional regulation and overall well-being in adolescents with specific learning disabilities, highlighting interdisciplinary opportunities across psychology, education, environmental psychology, public health, and social work to support comprehensive student development.

Multimodal analysis of temporal affective variability within treatment for depression.

Affective flexibility, the capacity to respond to life's varying environmental changes in a dynamic and adaptive manner, is considered a central aspect of psychological health in many psychotherapeutic approaches. The present study examined whether affective two-dimensional (i.e., arousal and valence) temporal variability extracted from voice and facial expressions would be associated with positive changes over the course of psychotherapy, at the session, client, and treatment levels. A total of 22,741 mean vocal arousal and facial expression valence observations were extracted from 137 therapy sessions in a sample of 30 clients treated for major depressive disorder by nine therapists. Before and after each session, the clients self-reported their level of well-being on the outcome rating scale. Session-level affective temporal variability was assessed as the mean square of successive differences between consecutive two-dimensional affective measures. Session outcome was positively associated with temporal variability at the session level (i.e., within clients, between sessions) and at the client level (i.e., between clients). Importantly, these associations held when controlling for average session- and client-level valence scores. In addition, the expansion of temporal variability throughout treatment was associated with steeper positive session outcome trajectories over the course of treatment. The continuous assessment of both vocal and facial affective expressions and the ability to extract measures of affective temporal variability from within-session data may enable therapists to better respond and modulate clients' affective flexibility; however, further research is necessary to determine whether there is a causal link between affective temporal variability and psychotherapy outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Assessment of the efficacy and safety of auricular keloids excision followed by 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy

Background: Auricular keloids are a significant clinical challenge, which adversely affect the life of the patient at the level of aesthetic and psychological well-being. Despite various treatment modalities, a universally effective therapy has yet to be established. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a promising approach by inhibiting the abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy cells and tissues. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of auricular keloid patients treated with excision followed by 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT). Methods: This study included 8 patients diagnosed with auricular keloids based on pathological examination and clinical presentation. Following surgical excision of the auricular keloids, topical 5-ALA solution was applied for 4 hours. Then each lesion was irradiated with 120 J/cm² using a red LED (635-nm laser) for 20 minutes. Patients received 3-5 courses of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) during and after the surgery. Results: Among the 8 patients treated, auricular keloids were completely controlled with the combination therapy. During a follow-up period of 2.7 years (range: 1.8-4.1 years), all patients exhibited excellent outcomes with no recurrence of keloids. Conclusions: The combination of surgical excision and 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is an effective and safe treatment for auricular keloids. This combined approach shows promise as an alternative clinical treatment for managing auricular keloids.

The Relationship Between Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being among Special Needs Teachers in Johor

Education is a process and opportunity for students to learn and reap new knowledge. Having an adequate amount of education can help a young student to achieve their ambitions, get a successful career and have high social status. However, special needs education has broader scope, and it does not only focus on taking care of the physical disabilities of the children. It also includes focusing on the children’s academic learning, development from dependence to independent stage and also better social interaction skills throughout their life. All special need teachers deserve to feel comfortable, satisfied and happy with their job. There are many factors that can contribute to job satisfaction, psychological well-being and motivation. Five objectives were created to identify the relationship between motivation, psychological well-being and job satisfaction. Descriptive Statistic had been used to identify the level of each variable for the special needs teacher in Johor while Inferential Statistic like Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis H had been applied to determine which motivation factor (extrinsic-intrinsic) influence special needs teachers the most and is there relationship between all three variables. Finally, it is found that the level of motivation, psychological well-being and job satisfaction is high among the special needs teachers. Also, extrinsic factor is given more importance than intrinsic factor and lastly, it is proven that there is no significant difference in all three variables among special needs teachers

Predictors of quality of professional life and well-being of medical residents and interns: Role of gender and workplace spirituality.

The well-being of physicians in their professional lives has a major influence on the quality of medical care and patient outcomes. This study explored how Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) and psychological well-being are connected to workplace spirituality (WPS) and demographic factors like age and gender. It also compared the average levels of ProQOL, psychological well-being, and WPS between medical residents and interns. In a cross-sectional study, 230 medical residents and interns completed three questionnaires, including ProQOL, Ryff Scale Psychological Wellbeing-Short Form, and WPS. The data was analysed using Pearson correlation, independent t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression modeling. Residents and interns had moderate ProQOL levels and higher work spirituality. However, medical residents scored lower in occupational spirituality and compassionate care fulfillment compared to interns while experiencing higher levels of emotional exhaustion and secondary mental strain. Gender disparities were significant, with women scoring higher in compassionate care fulfillment but lower in secondary mental strain. Regression analysis showed that occupational spirituality positively predicted professional, compassionate care fulfillment (B = 0.910, p < 0.001) but negatively predicted emotional exhaustion in both groups. These findings underscore the importance of understanding factors like gender and work spirituality to enhance the well-being and quality of care provided by medical residents and interns.

Mediating Effect Of Employee Wellbeing On The Relationship Between Recruitment And Selection Practices And Employee Commitment Of National Police Service In Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

Low employee commitment has been a prevalent issue within the National Police Service (NPS), often leading to negative consequences such as low morale, poor service delivery, and public distrust. Therefore, this study sought to determine the mediating effect of employee wellbeing on the relationship between recruitment and selection on employee commitment of National Police Service in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study was guided by Ability motivation opportunity theory. This study adopted explanatory research design. The sample size of 328 for this study was calculated based on Yamane’s formula. The researcher used a questionnaire as research instrument. A pilot study was conducted in national police service in Nandi County. Quantitative data collected using the questionnaires for all the objectives were analysed using descriptive statistics that is frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Inferential analysis was carried through correlation and multiple regression analysis. Analyzed data were presented in form of tables and charts. The study findings revealed that the effect of recruitment and selection practices on employee commitment through employee wellbeing is 0.3041, indicating that for every standard deviation increase in recruitment and selection practices. The study concluded that improving recruitment and selection practices can lead to higher levels of employee wellbeing, which in turn can enhance employee commitment. The study recommended that organizations should focus on improving recruitment and selection practices to enhance employee wellbeing and ultimately increase employee commitment.

183 Association between mental health and different patterns of physical activity in adolescents in Luxembourg – HBSC 2022

Abstract Purpose Regular physical activity (PA) is a key protective factor for health in youths. The WHO recommends that adolescents do at least an average of 60 minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and incorporate vigorous-intensity aerobic activities (VPA) at least 3 days a week. Nonetheless, lower amounts of PA already carry benefits. This study aims to explore and to examine association between well-being and PA levels in adolescents in Luxembourg. Methods A representative sample of 8117 adolescents (11-to-18-years-old) took part in the 2022 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Luxembourg survey. Based on the WHO-5 Index adolescents were categorised as “depression symptomatology”, “low mood” and normal well-being. In addition, they were categorised as frequency per week (0 to 7 days) of MVPA and VPA practice. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed, controlling by sex and SES. Normal well-being and physical inactivity were the respective refence groups. Results The results showed an association between mental well-being and both MVPA and VPA (p&amp;lt;.001). Compared to their inactive peers and independently of sex and SES, adolescents in Luxembourg who practiced MVPA 4 days per week or VPA 2 times per week had decreased odds to present low mood (ORMVPA=0.63, 95%CI[0.45-0.87] and ORVPA=0.75, 95%CI[0.60-0.92]) and PA even in a small frequency (1 day per week) already decreased the odds to have depressive symptoms (ORMVPA=0.67, 95%CI[0.51-0.89] and ORVPA=0.61, 95%CI[0.49-0.75]). Conclusions These findings highlight the significance of physical activity in fostering well-being, revealing an inverse relationship between the frequency of physical activity and the occurrence of depressive symptomatology and low well-being. In this regard, the advantages of engaging in physical activity are linked not only to physiological benefits but also to social interactions within these practices. In this context, the benefits of regular physical activity extend beyond its direct impact on mental health, encompassing both physiological and social dimensions.

Are social interactions perceived as more meaningful in older adulthood?

Social relationships accompany us throughout adulthood and are among the most important sources of meaning in a person's life. However, little is known about age differences in meaningfulness of social interactions across adulthood. According to socioemotional selectivity theory, as people age, they develop relatively stronger preferences for social relationships that are emotionally meaningful. Consequently, older adults may perceive social interactions in everyday life as more meaningful than younger adults. To test this hypothesis, the present study examined age-related differences in the perceived meaningfulness of daily social interactions using experience sampling data. Three-hundred six participants (56.9% women, 18-88 years) completed a total of 6,407 entries over 3 days. Results of the multilevel analyses showed that age was positively associated with perceived meaningfulness of daily social interactions, controlling for relationship closeness and situation valence. In addition, the perceived meaningfulness of daily social interactions was positively related to subjective well-being both between and within all participants, indicating that meaningful social interactions are beneficial for well-being regardless of age. Thus, perceiving social interactions as meaningful could be one way that older people maintain a high level of well-being in their daily lives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Prevalence of Peptic Ulcer Disease and its Associated Factors in Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Peptic ulcer disease's (PUD) global significance, emphasizing its health burdens and associations with factors like Helicobacter pylori infection and lifestyle habits. The need for comprehensive approaches to prevention and management. Despite global research, there's a gap in understanding PUD in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, necessitating this study to inform healthcare policies and interventions in the region. The study aims to investigate PUD prevalence, associated factors, healthcare-seeking behavior, and knowledge levels in Jeddah's population to provide insights for public health strategies and clinical practices. MethodologyThis cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and its associated factors in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using a validated questionnaire covered demographic details, knowledge, psychosocial aspects, symptoms, healthcare-seeking behavior, and medical history. It was translated into Arabic, culturally adapted, and validated through expert review and pilot testing. A sample size of 561 participants was determined using an online sample calculator, targeting a 95% confidence level. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Research Review Board (IRRB-02-03092023). Data was collected through an online survey using convenience sampling and analyzed with SPSS and Excel, employing both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. ResultThe survey in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, examined peptic ulcer disease (PUD) prevalence and associated factors. Demographic analysis showed 561 participants, almost evenly split by gender (269 males, 292 females), with varying ages and educational backgrounds. Symptoms like abdominal pain were prevalent (398 respondents), as were lifestyle factors such as spicy food consumption (456 respondents) and stress (496 respondents). The study revealed a high PUD prevalence, with 463 respondents (82.53%) reporting a history of the disease, primarily gastric ulcers (256 cases, 45.63%) and duodenal ulcers (207 cases, 36.89%). Treatment mainly involved outpatient antibiotic use (419 respondents, 74.68%), while 44 respondents (7.84%) required hospitalization. Reported well-being levels ranged from 1 to 10, with various satisfaction levels among respondents. ConclusionsThe study highlighted a substantial prevalence of PUD, primarily gastric ulcers, among participants. The findings advocate for tailored interventions, including education, screening, and treatment optimization, to alleviate the PUD burden and enhance healthcare outcomes. The study offers crucial insights into PUD epidemiology, guiding evidence-based prevention and management strategies.

Spatial-temporal coupling coordination relationship between well-being and technological innovation: Panel evidence from China

Since the dawn of the industrial era, the relationship between human well-being and technological in-novation has become increasingly close. This study explores this intricate relationship to understand how technological advancements can be harnessed to promote sustained and improved well-being for all. Focusing on China as a case study, this study considers both human well-being and technological innovation as key research objects. An evaluation index system for well-being is established by leveraging the spatial Durbin model and existing literature. This study empirically calculates well-being levels and conducts a classification analysis of the coupling and coordination between well-being and technological innovation across 31 provinces and cities. Additionally, the factors driving the coupling and coordination relationships are further clarified. The results reveal that (1) the coordination between well-being and technological innovation varies significantly between provinces but, overall, is gradually increasing; (2) a significant positive correlation exists between well-being and the coupling and coordination of scientific and technological innovation, and the spatial aggregation of the coupling and coordination development is gradually strengthening; and (3) several key factors influence this relationship. Rationalisation of the industrial structure, inclusive digital finance, talent concentration, and consumption rate all yield positive and significant impacts. Conversely, government intervention appears to negatively influence the coordination between these two crucial aspects. Based on this study's results, a series of policy recommendations are proposed to coordinate the development of well-being and technological innovation.

Job satisfaction as a condition for teachers’ psychological well-being: An empirical study

Introduction. The article examines the problem of the correlations between teachers’ psychological well-being and job satisfaction. The purpose of the study is to identify the components of teachers’ psychological well-being and compare the level of psychological well-being of teachers with different attitudes towards the profession. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study includes research articles by Russian and international scholars in the field of psychological well-being as a general scientific phenomenon and psychological well-being of teachers in particular. In order to collect empirical data, surveys were conducted in three municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region (N=1484 teachers) in 2021-2022 using the five-factor questionnaire TIPI-RU, the Meaning-in-Life Orientations test, the Muddy’s Resilience test, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale (E. Diener). Methods of mathematical statistics were used to process the results obtained. Results. The main results of the study consist in identification of several regularities that influence the state of teachers’ psychological well-being in the surveyed municipalities. The authors found that the use of various sets of techniques gives comparable results on the phenomenon under study, and the key component of the psychological well-being of respondents is their attitude towards their work. The identified set of personal qualities is decisive for the analysis of the relationship between attitude towards the profession and the level of satisfaction with it. It is also shown that satisfaction with the teaching profession increases in proportion to the length of teaching experience. Conclusions. The article concludes about the correlation between the status of teachers’ psychological well-being and their job satisfaction. The presented results can be used in the development of measures aimed at professional burnout prevention and increasing meaningful attitudes towards teaching profession at both regional and federal levels.

Building a fuzzy model for determining the level of social well-being of the population

This paper considers objects that affect the social security of the country. The complexity of such objects makes the development of computer systems in sociological research a difficult algorithmic task because of information uncertainty. Human thinking is based on inaccurate, approximate data, the analysis of which makes it possible to formulate clear decisions. In practice, there are usually no precise mathematical models that describe social objects. In such cases, it is advisable to use fuzzy mathematics as a tool for solving this problem. The main advantage of this approach compared to other artificial intelligence methods is the ability to interpret the results obtained. To assess the level of social well-being of the population, we used the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy inference. The study is based on the OECD Better Life Index, which was developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to help countries assess and improve the quality of life of their citizens. In the course of the study, a fuzzy inference system was built to measure the social well-being of the population based on the indicators of the OECD Better Life Index. Since determining the level of social well-being is a complex task, a hierarchical structure with two main groups of social well-being indicators was constructed to simplify it. The resultant system evaluates each social indicator included in the OECD’s Better Life Index. Using the fuzzy inference model built, it was possible to assess the social well-being of the country’s population in a simple and transparent way in comparison with the OECD member countries. The results of the study make it possible to understand which indicators of social well-being of the country’s population are desirable or need to be improved in the future

The Effects of Fathers’ Family-of-Origin Experiences on Co-parenting: The Mediating Role of Marital Conflict and Psychological Well-Being

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate how fathers’ individual characteristics and the quality of their marital relationships influence co-parenting. Previous research on fathers’ perceptions of co-parenting has been relatively under-explored. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the direct impact of fathers’ family-of-origin experiences on co-parenting and to examine the indirect effects mediated by marital conflict and fathers’ psychological well-being.Methods: Data were collected from a sample of 250 fathers with preschool-aged children (aged 3 to 5). Fathers completed comprehensive questionnaires assessing their family-of-origin experiences, levels of marital conflict, psychological well-being, and perceptions of co-parenting.Results: The findings revealed several significant relationships. Firstly, fathers’ family-of-origin experiences had a notable direct impact on co-parenting. Secondly, these experiences indirectly influenced co-parenting through the pathway of marital conflict. Thirdly, fathers’ family-of-origin experiences indirectly affected co-parenting through their psychological well-being. Additionally, fathers’ family-of-origin experiences had an indirect impact on co-parenting through sequential pathways involving marital conflict and psychological well-being. Specifically, stronger positive experiences from fathers' family-of-origin were associated with reduced levels of perceived marital conflict, leading to enhanced psychological well-being and more positive perceptions of co-parenting.Conclusion: This study enhances our understanding of the factors influencing co-parenting from the perspective of fathers. The results highlight the importance of interventions aimed at improving fathers’ perceptions of co-parenting, emphasizing reflection on family-of-origin experiences, resolution of marital conflicts, and enhancement of psychological well-being through targeted interventions. By addressing these areas, interventions may effectively promote positive co-parenting dynamics within families and contribute to overall family well-being.

FEATURES OF SOCIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE RE-SOCIALIZATION OF RUSSIAN RETIRED OFFICERS IN MODERN CONDITIONS

The article examines the features of social technologies for the re-socialization of Russian officers who were discharged into the reserve in modern conditions. The results of the study showed that re-socialization programs have both strengths and weaknesses. The high level of psychological well-being among former officers indicates the effectiveness of psychological support, but social adaptation and professional reintegration require significant improvements. Representatives of government agencies and non-profit organizations generally positively assess the existing system, recognizing the need for improvement. Employers are satisfied with the qualifications and skills of former officers but point to the need to strengthen psychological support.

Turkish validity and reliability of the Haptotherapeutic Well-Being Scale

ObjectivesHaptotherapy fosters a sense of unity between the body, mind, and emotions. In addition, it contributes to expanding the woman’s perception of her pregnancy and developing a more positive attitude towards pregnancy and childbirth. The study aims to examine the Turkish validity and reliability of the Haptotherapeutic Well-Being Scale, which will be used to evaluate the well-being levels of haptonomy and haptotherapy practices in women.DesignThe study was methodological type.MethodsThe study conducted between October 20 and December 20, 2023, with 242 women who volunteered to participate by sharing forum pages on social media (Facebook, Instagram) via the web. Data were collected using a personal information form, including sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics and the Haptotherapeutic Well-Being Scale.ResultsThe Haptotherapeutic Well-Being Scale consists of 14 items and five sub-dimensions. In confirmatory factor analysis, all path coefficients were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The overall Cronbach’s Alpha and sub-dimension values of the scale are above 0.90. There is a positive and very strong correlation between all sub-dimensions of the scale (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe Haptotherapeutic Well-Being Scale was found to be valid and reliable for the Turkish sample.Trials registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT06467188; registered June 14, 2024.

Psychological well-being and job performance of nurses and midwives amidst COVID-19 in Ghana; a multi-group analysis.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of psychological well-being on job performance among nurses and midwives in rural and urban hospitals in Ghana amidst COVID-19. The study adopted a purely quantitative approach, using the explanatory research design. Data were collected from 262 nurses and midwives in two selected hospitals in the Central Region of Ghana. The Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyze the data collected. The results revealed that the levels of psychological well-being and job performance were high in both hospitals amidst the pandemic. Further, it was observed that although psychological well- being had significant influence on job performance among the nurses and midwives in both rural and urban communities, the effect was more significant in the urban settlements. Given these findings, the study recommended that in order to effectively improve the job performance of nurses and midwives, management must adopt policies such as, flexible work arrangements, leave policy, and counselling services to support their psychological well-being.

Emotional competences as predictors of psychological wellbeing and quality of life of supplementary grandparents caregivers.

Grandparents are increasingly becoming key figures in the supplementary care of grandchildren. Based on the Resilience Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation, the present study aims to analyze the emotional competences that canpl predict higher levels of psychological wellbeing and quality of life in supplementary grandparents caregivers. A sample of 270 supplementary grandparents caregivers living in Spain participated. Most participants were women (71.1%), and the mean age was 67.83 years (SD = 6.26). Most participants were occasional caregivers, that is, they care for less than 10 h per week (76.3%). We conducted hierarchical multiple regression analysis, one for psychological wellbeing and the other for quality of life. The regression model for psychological wellbeing identified that age, management of caregiving stress, self-confidence in the caregiving role, management of work-life balance difficulties and emotional self-regulation explained 32.8% of its variance. The regression model for quality of life showed that age, type of grandparent caregiver, management of caregiving stress, management of work-life balance difficulties and emotional self-regulation explained 31.2% of its variance. This study focuses on supplementary grandparents caregivers, whereas literature has tended to look at primary grandparents caregivers. The results highlight the role of emotional competences as predictors of supplementary grandparents caregivers' psychological wellbeing and quality of life, overcoming the usual tendency in the literature to focus on the negative consequences of grandparents caregiving for grandchildren, and emphasizing the competences that grandparents have to cope with this care in a satisfactory way, which, moreover, can be trained.

Measuring ecological well-being based on the degree of ecosystem service supply and demand matching in Shenzhen, China

Measuring urban ecological well-being and achieving a comprehensive understanding of its spatial differentiation characteristics are important foundations for meeting the growing health needs of residents and improving the insufficient and unbalanced development of the urban ecological environment. However, the current framework for defining urban ecological well-being that considers the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESs) is unclear. The key to enhancing urban ecological well-being lies in measuring the level and patterns of ecological well-being in urban spaces through the degree of ES supply–demand matching; therefore, the present study aims to construct a measurement framework for urban ecological well-being based on this matching. The developed framework was applied to assess ecological well-being in Shenzhen in 2015 and 2020. This study summarizes the spatial patterns and analyzes their temporal and spatial distributions and influencing factors, showing that: (1) the spatial distribution of the comprehensive supply and demand of ESs in Shenzhen both have strong spatial heterogeneity; (2) the area of four types of relatively low ecological well-being patterns in Shenzhen was greater than that of five types of relatively low ecological well-being patterns in 2020, and the proportions of the areas of low, relatively low, and relatively sufficient well-being were the largest; (3) the overall trend of ecological well-being change is one of decline. The area in which Shenzhen’s ecological well-being has declined is far greater than the area in which it has improved. The main reasons for this are the increase in the urban vitality index, an increase in the demand for ESs, and an increase in impermeable surfaces, which have led to a decrease in the supply capacity of the ecosystem in some areas.