Level Of Supervision Research Articles

Marriage Anxiety of University Students in Terms of Family Belonging and Parental Attitude

In today’s modern societies, marriage is less and less preferred by young people. Marriage anxiety is one of the reasons for this. This study examined the correlation between the level of marriage anxiety of university students and two main factors related to it: family belonging and parental attitudes. The sample consisted of 992 university students from public universities in Turkey. It was found that the students with high marriage anxiety had a low sense of belonging to the family and a low level of family affiliation. In addition, the students with high marital anxiety perceived their parents' attention as low and their psychological autonomy was low. It was also found that the attention of parents was perceived as high in students with a high level of family affiliation, that their psychological autonomy was low, and that their level of parental supervision was high. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that family membership status and parental attitude explained 0.5% of the total variance of marriage anxiety. In conclusion, family belonging and parental attitudes are parallel, affecting individuals' marriage anxiety. Parental attitudes seem to reduce / trigger marriage anxiety in university students.

Who is to blame for incivility? The influences of family undermining on employee incivility towards customers

Drawing on self-regulation theory, we examined the relationship between family undermining and employee incivility towards customers on a daily basis. We propose that daily family undermining is related not only to daily rumination about family but also to daily anxiety, and in turn, more daily employee incivility towards customers. In addition, we argue that a higher (vs. lower) level of family-supportive supervision at the between-person level weakens the effects of daily family undermining on daily rumination about family and daily anxiety. Multilevel analyses of daily survey data from 247 employees support the hypotheses. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed and future directions for research are suggested.

Preparing for the ‘Blues’: Building Midwives’ Capacity for the Delivery of Perinatal Mental Health Care and Services in Ghana

Background: There is limited empirical evidence on the use of standardized and validated assessment tools such as PHQ-9 and GAD-7 by midwives in Ghana to screen perinatal women for symptoms of anxiety and depression and provide the needed support accordingly. Preliminary studies have reported a lack of sufficient knowledge, skills, and preparedness among medical staff, including midwives for the task of screening pregnant women for mental health disorders [21]. This study intends to inform midwives of the availability of tools to assist them make appropriate diagnostic impression of depression and anxiety and to provide a clear pathway to support the perinatal women in their care. Overall, the aim of this study is to promote the exchange of ideas and collaboration among stakeholders to ensure that the training and practice of midwifery in Ghana become more robust and meet global standards. Additionally, it is meant to inform, prepare competent, resourceful, knowledgeable, and most importantly adaptable midwives who can contribute to and promote the overall health of the women in their care. Objective: To address the gap in maternal mental health practice by equipping midwives with the requisite knowledge and skills on the use of globally validated and reliable assessment tools for depression and anxiety to support the perinatal women in their care. Methods: The study involved different two sections. In the first section, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 319 participants (midwives) to explore their knowledge on perinatal depression and anxiety assessment tools whiles the second component involved equipping midwives with the requisite mental health assessment skills through a two-week seminar that was organised and facilitated by the research team. Feedback on the level of confidence, suitability, and competence as well as the resourcefulness of the use of the tools was collected from participants (midwives) after three (3) months. The study was conducted in selected hospitals across all 16 regions in Ghana. The regions have several government and private hospitals that provide primary and specialised health care services to the public. They include teaching hospitals, regional hospitals, municipal hospitals, district hospitals as well as clinics within the sub-districts. Basic descriptive quantitative analysis was used based on frequency tables, pie chart and graphical illustration to interpret the data. Results: The study revealed that lack of resources and inadequate capacity-building to practically equip midwives are a major setback for the delivery of perinatal mental health services. It also identified perceived discrimination and stigmatisation on the part of the perinatal women as a major barrier in the provision of maternal mental health services. However, the participants demonstrated having adequate knowledge on the impact of perinatal anxiety and depression on birth and maternal outcomes. Nonetheless, there remains a huge deficit in their ability to use the validated and reliable assessment tools in recognizing clinical cues related to anxiety and depression among perinatal women. Surprisingly, over 50% of the midwives were unfamiliar with the commonly used assessment tools for depression and anxiety such as the GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Additionally, nearly 40% of the participants lack the requisite assessment skills for assessing perinatal anxiety and depression. In furtherance, over 97% of the participants demonstrated an appreciable level of confidence in terms of using the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 following the post-assessment tool seminar. Conclusion: Perinatal mental health should be made a critical component of perinatal care, with midwives being well situated to recognize the manifestations of deteriorating mental health among the perinatal women in their care and provide the needed support and required level of supervision. It is therefore imperative to train midwives on basic mental health assessment skills and encourage them to incorporate mental health care into the delivery of routine perinatal care and services.

Agent-based simulation model to evaluate government policies for farmers’ adoption and synergy in improving irrigation systems: A case study of Lake Urmia basin

The complexities of water issues, in which human factors directly affect the qualitative and quantitative indicators of water resources in a variable, extensive, and undefined manner, make social interactions necessary for the water resources sustainable development. In this situation, local government admins (local divisions of the Water Institutions and Ministry of Agriculture) (LGA) can play a fundamental role in attracting the participation of independent farmers in sustainable agriculture and preserving water resources by modifying support policies. In this study, an agent-based simulation model of social interactions and economic interests of farmers is presented along with different scenarios of support policies as well as random supervision and training by LGA agents to evaluate its impact on the independent decision making of farmers in the form of a complex adaptive system. Questionnaires and expert interviews were used to determine the data and scenarios. Farmers’ adaptation for development technology in irrigation management (DTIM), simulated output of WP, field application efficiency (FAE), and their adaptation speed are influenced by input factors such as assumed cost of sustainable water supply (SWS), mean government expenditure (subsidy count), and the level of supervision and training by LGA. The results showed that the assumed cost of SWS and government supervision and training are the most influential indicators of the farmer agent’s propensity to DTIM with F-value=4375.59 and F-value=1055.10, respectively. The results confirm that appropriate policies in strengthening LGA supervision and training and increasing farmers’ awareness of the importance of long-term water resource sustainability can help achieve more adaptability.

Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram Sebagai Media Dakwah Mahasiswa Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam Uinsu

Social media is one of the information media that exists today, social media users come from various circles, from 9 year old children to adults, using social media requires vigilance, especially as parents, you must provide education to children, because through media Children can get positive sides from social media, such as interesting learning, but through social media there are also many negative sides, therefore there is a need for a high level of supervision over the use of social media. To make social media a medium that provides a positive side, there must be more content about da'wah, so in this research study Islamic broadcasting students create da'wah content through social media, how to spread their da'wah will be studied further in the discussion. The method used is literature and the type of research is qualitative. Based on the research results, the use of social media Instagram as a medium for Islamic broadcasting communication for students of Islamic broadcasting. Instagram social media is very influential for students of Islamic broadcasting communication, because Instagram social media can make preaching more interesting. And students can develop their existing talents and potential.

A guide for construction practitioners to integrate robotic systems in their construction applications

Introduction: The use of robots can boost productivity and reduce costs in construction projects. However, choosing the right robotic platform for the right application can be challenging, costly, and time-consuming. This paper presents a guide for researchers and construction practitioners interested in using robotic systems.Methods: A methodology covering the different aspects to be considered when it comes to a robotic platform, such as the framework (both hardware and software), the environment the robot is going to be operating, the level of supervision (i.e., autonomy) the robot requires, different hardware required on board (i.e., sensors and computers), and the control strategies and systems and communication network, is presented. The methodology is implemented with a practical application where a semi-autonomous robotic system is designed and developed with the simple goal of data collection on construction sites, making sure that all the steps covered in the methodology are addressed.Results: The results show that the methodology is applicable to a wide range of solutions, with a focus on the development of the platform itself and not the final application.Discussion: This guide is meant to assist in developing a flexible open platform that can be customized to the specific requirements needed.

Temporal Action Segmentation: An Analysis of Modern Techniques.

Temporal action segmentation (TAS) in videos aims at densely identifying video frames in minutes-long videos with multiple action classes. As a long-range video understanding task, researchers have developed an extended collection of methods and examined their performance using various benchmarks. Despite the rapid growth of TAS techniques in recent years, no systematic survey has been conducted in these sectors. This survey analyzes and summarizes the most significant contributions and trends. In particular, we first examine the task definition, common benchmarks, types of supervision, and prevalent evaluation measures. In addition, we systematically investigate two essential techniques of this topic, i.e., frame representation and temporal modeling, which have been studied extensively in the literature. We then conduct a thorough review of existing TAS works categorized by their levels of supervision and conclude our survey by identifying and emphasizing several research gaps.

Stunt performers’ reluctance to self-report head trauma: a qualitative study

BackgroundMild traumatic brain injuries receive voluminous attention in the research literature, but this is confined almost entirely to sports and military contexts. As an occupation, performing stunts in film, television, and entertainment places the head at high risk of repetitive impact and whiplash, but stunt performers do not enjoy the same level of healthcare supervision and access as that provided to sports participants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate stunt performers’ qualitative perceptions of reporting and management of head trauma in their industry.MethodsAfter giving their informed consent, 87 motion picture and television stunt performers responded to a query about their views of ways to improve how stunt performers’ occupational head trauma—specifically head impacts and head whips that could cause a concussion—are reported and managed. We analyzed their responses via content and thematic analyses. Two researchers independently marked and categorized key words, phrases, and texts to identify codes that described participants’ comments. They then revised, discussed, and resolved coding discrepancies through consensus to establish inter-coder reliability. Next, we identified thematic patterns that described participants’ understanding of the stunt performer industry and what must change to facilitate reporting of head trauma. We derived themes from data that occurred multiple times, both within and across short answer responses.ResultsWe identified three primary themes cited by the stunt performers as needs in their industry: (1) Need to Reduce the Stigma of Reporting a Stunt-Related Injury, (2) Need to Eliminate the “Cowboy Culture,” and (3) Need to Improve the Quality of the Work Environment.ConclusionsStunt performers are crucial members of a global entertainment industry valued at approximately US$100 billion annually. A large segment of the world’s population consumes their work in motion pictures, television, and live entertainment. When they are given an anonymous opportunity to speak, stunt performers offer insight into and recommendations for industry changes—primarily cultural and educational in nature—that could improve their physical and mental health, career longevity, and employability when they are confronted with head trauma.

Dysfunctional tourism behaviors in national parks: An exploration of causes, typologies, and consequences in the case of Saharan tourism

This study explores a seldom explored area of inappropriate tourist behavior in African national parks in the Sahara through a case study to support the management and promotion of tourism activities. Using the critical incident technique, 09 frontline employees of the Tassili N'ajjer National Park in Algeria were interviewed to identify tourist behavior that deviates from generally accepted social norms. Based on the survey results, a theoretical framework consisting of seven causes, nine categories of inappropriate behaviors, and three consequence dimensions was constructed. This theoretical framework provides elements for critical discussion of the sustainability of tourism in national parks, as well as a basis for further research. The results also enrich the literature on the subject and provide a basis for the study of North-South tourism dynamics. Theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed. Managerial implicationsThis research study significantly enhances the strategies employed in the management of national parks and protected areas in several ways. Identifying incentives for Jaycustomer behaviorPoor enforcement of regulations, lack of supervision, low prices, lack of knowledge, ambiguity of experience, egocentricity (common tragedy), anonymity and ethnocentrism are the underlying motivations for inappropriate tourist behavior. Expanded Understanding of Jaycustomer BehaviorIn addition to the categories of jaycustomer behavior identified in previous studies, this research unveils tourist behaviors that have been rarely documented in the literature. These include disengagement, dishonesty, pollution, noise, and waste. Influential Situational FactorsThe study finds that the perceived legitimacy of regulations and the level of supervision are the most influential situational factors affecting jaycustomer behavior. The necessary actions include the need for solid regulation, enforced through vigilant control measures and sanctions, and the improvement of guide performance through staff education and training. Impact of Poor Assimilation and Lack of InformationThe research highlights that poor assimilation of park regulations and a lack of information about them exacerbate cognitive biases in judgment formation, shedding light on the importance of effective communication and education strategies.

An Investigation of the Impact of Mobile Money Services on the Profitability of Commercial Banks in Zambia

This paper sought to determine the impact of mobile money services on the profitability of commercial banks in Zambia. The study was guided by three objectives; (i) To examine the level of use of mobile money services in Zambia; (ii) to assess the measures of financial performance in the banking industry and (iii) to establish the relationship between the use of mobile money services and financial performance of the banking industry. The study applied both qualitative and quantitative research approaches mainly descriptive correlation design. The target population comprised of workers in all the commercial banks, mobile money operators (MMOs) and regulators and bank experts from Zambia Information and Communications Technology Authority (ZICTA) and Zambia Institute of Bankers (ZIOB) located in Lusaka central business district. A sample of 156 respondents was chosen using purposive sampling techniques to select retail, operations, customer service and finance department employees from banks and MMOs and two experts from ZICTA and ZIOB as key informants. Data were collected using questionnaires administered via Google forms sent to WhatsApp contacts and email addresses of respondents. Data were and analyzed using SPSS statistical packages to generate descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (regression analysis). The findings of study were presented in form of means, standard deviations, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. According to the findings of the study, it was indicated that there is generally a high level of use of mobile money services in the banking industry observed from a high level of reliability and accessibility to the services (Means of 3.71 and 4.17 simultaneously). The findings also indicated that there is a high level of financial performance reflected by a high level of profitability (Mean=4.52) in the banking industry, a high level of loan supervision (Mean=3 .85) and relatively high revenue sources (Mean=4. 11) for the banks. It was also indicated that there is an insignificant relationship between mobile money services use and financial performance in terms of profitability of banking industry (Sig. Value=0.2l2). It was also indicated that there is an insignificant relationship between mobile money services use and loan portfolio management of the banking industry (Sig. value=0.605). Finally, it also indicated that there an insignificant relationship between mobile money services use and revenue of banking industry (Sig. Value=0.435). The study thus recommends that commercial banks in Zambia which have not yet collaborated with MMOs should adopt the use of mobile money services on their platforms as it is highly reliable, accessible and reduces congestion in bank premises by customers who come to make transactions. This will help to boost financial performance in the banking industry.

Implementation of Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 in Overcoming River Water Pollution Cases

This article reviews the application of Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2021 in cases of river water pollution that occurs in Indonesia. This study aims to provide explanation and understanding to readers in order to understand the applicable laws related to environmental law in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical, which focuses on the analysis of legal documents and literature sources. The results of this study show that environmental regulations in Indonesia are clearly listed in the current list of laws and regulations. But in reality or in its implementation has not been in accordance with what has been stated in the existing regulations, there are still many companies that dump their waste carelessly into the river without considering the adverse impact on the surrounding community. There are also many companies that do not have AMDAL And this pollution is also caused by the low level of supervision carried out by the government.

A Survey on Deep Neural Network Pruning: Taxonomy, Comparison, Analysis, and Recommendations.

Modern deep neural networks, particularly recent large language models, come with massive model sizes that require significant computational and storage resources. To enable the deployment of modern models on resource-constrained environments and to accelerate inference time, researchers have increasingly explored pruning techniques as a popular research direction in neural network compression. More than three thousand pruning papers have been published from 2020 to 2024. However, there is a dearth of up-to-date comprehensive review papers on pruning. To address this issue, in this survey, we provide a comprehensive review of existing research works on deep neural network pruning in a taxonomy of 1) universal/specific speedup, 2) when to prune, 3) how to prune, and 4) fusion of pruning and other compression techniques. We then provide a thorough comparative analysis of eight pairs of contrast settings for pruning (e.g., unstructured/structured, one-shot/iterative, data-free/data-driven, initialized/pre-trained weights, etc.) and explore several emerging topics, including pruning for large language models, vision transformers, diffusion models, and large multimodal models, post-training pruning, and different levels of supervision for pruning to shed light on the commonalities and differences of existing methods and lay the foundation for further method development. Finally, we provide some valuable recommendations on selecting pruning methods and prospect several promising research directions for neural network pruning. To facilitate future research on deep neural network pruning, we summarize broad pruning applications (e.g., adversarial robustness, natural language understanding, etc.) and build a curated collection of datasets, networks, and evaluations on different applications. We maintain a repository on https://github.com/hrcheng1066/awesome-pruning that serves as a comprehensive resource for neural network pruning papers and corresponding open-source codes. We will keep updating this repository to include the latest advancements in the field.

Research on the Impact of AI Application on Capital Chain Resilience

Unfavorable external factors such as COVID-19 and economy recession have affected the abilities of enterprises to continue operating. Among them, capital chain resilience has become a key issue for enterprises. In the new era, artificial intelligence (AI) technology can provide new solutions for avoiding the breakage of the capital chain. Using data from listed companies in China, we find that AI technology can improve capital chain resilience. The main impact mechanism is to reduce the level of corporate financial constraints and improve internal control efficiency, and when corporate governance efficiency and resource acquisition capability are lower, such as poor levels of executive supervision and incentive, governance, executive resource acquisition ability, financial statement tone, business and financing environment, the effect of AI technology on improving capital chain resilience is more obvious. We enrich the research on AI and capital chain resilience, provide references for enterprises to use AI technology to help enterprises obtain more funds, warn of risks, and make correct decisions quickly in a crisis to help enterprises survive the crisis smoothly.

Minimum Supervision Levels Required for Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Graduation by Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Program Directors.

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are "observable essential tasks expected to be performed by a physician for safe patient care in practice." Six PediatricCardiology (PC) EPAs and their level of supervision (LOS) scales were developed by medical educators in PC using a modified Delphi process and reviewed by the Subspecialty Pediatrics Investigator Network (SPIN). However, their general use in assessment for PC fellows for graduation requirements has yet to be studied. The objective of this study was to determine the minimum LOS required for PC fellows to graduate and compare it with the minimum LOS expected for safe and effective practice for the six PC EPAs, from the perspective of the PC Fellowship Program Directors(FPD). All FellowshipProgramDirectors(FPD) of ACGME-accredited PC fellowships were surveyed through SPIN between April 2017 and August 2017. For each of the PC EPAs, the FPDs were asked to indicate the minimum LOS expected for graduation and whether they would allow a fellow to graduate if this level was not achievedand the minimum LOS expected for a practicing pediatric cardiologist to provide safe and effective patient care. The minimum LOS was defined as the LOS for which no more than 20% of FPDs would want a lower level. The survey response rate was 80% (47/59). The majority of the FPDs did not require a minimum LOS of five corresponding to unsupervised practice in any of the six PC EPAs at graduation. For EPAs related to imaging, arrhythmia management, and management of cardiac problems, the minimum LOS for graduation was 3, corresponding to being "trusted to perform a task with indirect supervision for most simple and a few complex cases." For the EPAs related to interventional cardiology, heart failure pulmonary hypertension, and cardiac intensive care, the minimum LOS for graduation was 2, corresponding to being "trusted to perform a task only with direct supervision and coaching." The minimum LOS considered necessary for safe and effective practice for all but one EPA was 3. For the EPA related to the management of cardiac problems, the minimum LOS for safe practice was 4, corresponding to being "trusted to execute tasks independently except for few complex and critical cases." Most PC FPDs reported they would not require fellows to achieve the highest entrustment level for any of the six PC EPAs for graduation. It is crucial that educational programs evolve to address these essential activities during training better and that stakeholders ensure that graduating PC fellows have adequate resources and infrastructure to continue professional development as early career pediatric cardiologists.

Impact of COVID-19 on surgical exposure and training for general surgery trainees in Australia: a national audit.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a major disruption in operative volumes over the last few years, which has directly impacted on surgical training. This study aims to quantify the impact of COVID-19 and the relevant restrictions on General Surgery trainees in Australia. Logbook data of General Surgery trainees from 2019 to 2021 was analysed and compared to assess the impact of COVID-19 on operative numbers and supervision levels during major operations. There was a statistically significant reduction in overall operative numbers in Australia, with a decrease of 2.0% in 2020 (IRR 0.980, 95% CI 0.973-0.986, P < 0.001) and 6.8% in 2021 (IRR 0.932, 95% CI 0.926-0.938, P < 0.001). Elective operations reduced by 6.6% in 2020 (IRR 0.934, 95% CI 0.927-0.942, P < 0.001) and 10.3% in 2021 (IRR 0.934, 95% CI 0.927-0.942, P < 0.001). Victoria and NT were the most affected jurisdictions; while hepatobiliary, trauma and surgical oncology were the most affected subspecialties. The proportion of overall primary operating has significantly decreased (41.8% vs. 40.2%, P < 0.001) between 2019 and 2020, and decreased further to 39.7% in 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an overall negative impact on surgical training in General Surgery. Efforts should be directed at minimizing detraining of trainees and further disruptions to their training.

Nonunion Supervisors’ Humility at Work and Union Intolerance: An Exploratory Study Centered on One Hypothesis

AbstractViewing supervisors’ humility at work as experiential from a self-awareness perspective, we formulated a central hypothesis that more humility would be related to less union intolerance in the work environment. Based on a broad sample of nonunion supervisors (N = 101) surveyed at neutral sites away from work, support was found for the relationship. To explore supervisors’ experience as indicated by their demographics as moderators, our data suggested that the relationship was stronger for supervisors at lower levels of supervision and for supervisors with at least one parent who was a union member. Results were discussed in relation to future studies to verify and extend this first-ever hypothesis, in which supervisors’ humility experienced at work is linked to unions and union employees.

Community health workers' experiences of supervision by nurses at clinics in Limpopo Province.

Supervision of community health workers (CHWs) is considered, among others, a strategy to achieve universal healthcare globally. In South Africa, it is incorporated in the ward-based primary healthcare (PHC) outreach teams' policy and strategy, a national health insurance policy component. Supervision of CHWs by nurses in the policy is considered a measure to facilitate PHC service provision to communities. However, CHWs experienced varying levels of supervision from nurses and other workers globally and in South Africa. This study explored and described the experiences of CHWs about supervision received from nurses at PHC facilities in Limpopo Province. Participants were drawn from seven PHC facilities in Polokwane and Lepelle-Nkumpi subdistricts of the Capricorn District. A qualitative exploratory-descriptive and contextual study design was employed. Participants were selected utilising a purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. Data were analysed according to themes and their associated categories. Measures to ensure rigour and ethical principles were applied. Two main themes emerged: positive supervision experienced by CHWs and supervision challenges experienced by CHWs. The varying experiences of CHWs about supervision from nurses emerged and reflected the need for functioning supervision mechanisms. The experiences of CHWs indicated inconsistent delivery of supervision by nurses in PHC facilities. The findings highlighted the need for effective supervision measures that are vital for the success of the CHW supervision programme.

Using the Allen Cognitive Levels to determine level of supervision needed for those with mild to moderate cognitive decline

AbstractBackgroundA comparison was made of the common screening tools for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).MethodThe Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) is one of the most commonly used screening tools but has an emphasis on verbal skills and because it is so widely used, some patients with minimal cognitive decline are able to remember many of the answers from one assessment to the next. The benefits of using the Allen Cognitive Levels (ACL) became apparent as it is a functional based assessment and can be administered without the patient having to say anything.ResultUsing the Allen Cognitive Level screening tool as well as the ACL task activities to narrow a patients level to a number between 0‐6 to the nearest .2 of a point. For example, if a patient scores between 4.6‐4.8, it is recommended that the patient may live alone in the community, provided they have a safe environment with well‐established routines and rehearsed safety plans including daily and weekly supervision. Specific recommendations are available to educate family on safety equipment needs, and executive functioning strategies. For example in the 4.6‐4.8 level, verbal skills are often stronger than a patient’s ability to complete novel tasks, something that is not as easily picked up on a verbal or memory related screener.ConclusionThe Allen Cognitive Level screener and task analysis kits are very helpful for healthcare providers including doctors or therapists to obtain specific information about a clients current cognitive level and what can be expected and how to modify the environment for the client safety and greatest level of independence. Because the levels are structured sequentially, caregivers can compare the current cognitive level to the subsequent level in order to know what to watch out for in the future and clinicians can complete the lacing screener or the task activities as the disease progresses to provide the most accurate information about a clients current cognitive level.

The Relationship between Ustadz Supervision and Student Discipline in Pondok Tahfizh Darul Qur'an Surau Polak Botuang Nagari Pangian Lintau Buo District Tanah Datar District

This research was motivated by the low discipline of the students at the Tahfizh Darul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School, Surau Polak Botuang Nagari Pangian, Lintau Buo District, Tanah Datar Regency. This is presumably due to the low level of supervision of students of Ustadz. Aims to find out of Ustadz supervision, students discipline and the relationship between the two variables. This type of research is quantitative research with a correlational approach. The population of the study were all students who were active at Pondok Tahfizh, totaling 96 students. The research sample was taken based on cluster sampling with total 76 samples. The data collection technique is questionnaire. The data analysis technique in this study uses the percentage and product moment formulas. The results showed that (1) supervision of Ustadz was still low, (2) discipline of students was still low, and (3) there is a significant relationship between supervision by Ustadz and discipline of students. Based on this research, it hoped that (1) It is suggested to the managing institution of Pondok Tahfizh Darul Qur'an Surau Polak Botuang to strengthen supervision and monitor the implementation of regulations so that they are appropriate and on target. (2) It is recommended that ustadz be more disciplined in enforcing regulations, increasing learning and supervising congregational prayers for students so that the vision and mission of Tahfizh Darul Qur'an Islamic boarding school Surau Polak Botuang is realized. (3) It is recommended that students be more disciplined in complying with the regulations that have been made by the ustadz, so that students get used to these habits from an early age so they are able to apply them both at Pondok Tahfizh Darul Qur'an or at home.Keywords: Supervision Ustadz, Student Discipline

Evaluating provision of psychological assessment and support in palliative care: A national survey of hospices in England

Objective: Psychological distress is common in palliative care patients. The 2004 National Institute of Healthcare and Excellence (NICE) guidance for supportive and palliative care for adults with cancer, which remains contemporary, recognised that access to psychological support was inconsistent and often inadequate. Their 4-tier model requires multidisciplinary psychological assessment at key points. Implicit is the need for improved training and support for staff and equity in service provision. This survey was designed to determine the levels of self-reported competence amongst healthcare staff in the psychological assessment and screening of patients in adult hospices in England and their awareness of the NICE guidelines. Methods: A short anonymised online questionnaire was sent to 164 hospices to determine perceptions of healthcare professionals (HCPs) on their own competence in screening and assessment of distress, provision of therapies and levels of training and supervision. Results: Responses were received from 140 HCPs in approximately thirty-eight hospices. Key findings included self-reported needs for training and supervision. Over a quarter of nurses (28.8%) and AHPs (27.8%) had no level 2 training, and only half of nurses, AHPs and physicians were aware of the NICE guidelines. Access to level 3 specialist psychological services was lacking and some HCPs felt unable to screen and assess patients for referral to specialist services. Conclusions: Consistent, standardised training in assessment of psychological needs is required to ensuring delivery of high-quality care for psychological needs. Areas for future development identified include essential communication skills and high-quality supervision for those delivering psychotherapeutic interventions.