Level Of Social Development Research Articles

Research on the Detection of Traffic Flow based on Video Images

Based on the current level of social development, everyone's demand for cars has increased rapidly. At present, the total number of motor vehicles and drivers in China ranks first in the world. With the rapid development of deep learning, the method of vehicle flow statistics based on video can directly use the existing traffic monitoring camera to realize the detection of vehicles, and some traffic flow detection based on YOLOv1, YOLOv2, YOLOv3, YOLOv4 and other algorithms have problems such as insufficient accuracy and low efficiency. Therefore, this paper proposes to use YOLOv5 to replace the original algorithm to achieve object detection, tracking, and processing. I improve the efficiency of the statistics of the traffic flow.

Agricultural intensity for sustainable regional development: A case study in peri-urban areas of Karawang Regency, Indonesia

Peri-urban areas are playing an increasingly crucial role in the agricultural development and intensification in Indonesia. Peri-urban agriculture is highly vulnerable to change compared with urban and rural agriculture, due to its location in transitional areas. Indicators of peri-urban agricultural intensity can help guide regional development. In this study, we assessed the sustainability of peri-urban areas based on agricultural intensity in Karawang Regency, Indonesia. We developed a village-based index to assess the region’s agricultural intensity by rescaling the village agriculture index (VAI) and combining the local sustainability index (LSI) with factor analysis. Since the unit of analysis is the village, we modified the LSI to the village sustainability index (VSI). In addition, we also developed a logical matrix analysis to determine the level of agricultural sustainability (LoAS) of each village. The combined results of the three indices (VAI, VSI, and LoAS) generated information about agricultural sustainability. The results indicated that peri-urban villages with high agricultural intensity tended to exhibit low levels of social welfare, economic development, and disaster risk. Moreover, high agricultural intensity did not necessarily ensure the prosperity of the people. Instead, there was the economic disparity among the villages in the study area. Encouraging diversity of agricultural intensity seems to be more critical than promoting agricultural intensity itself. Overall, this study highlights the distinctive characteristics and dynamic of peri-urban areas. New approaches, variables, and information regarding the combination of agricultural intensity and sustainability need to be developed as valuable tools for regional planning.

Assessment of the Impact of Migration Processes on Pricing in the Residential Real Estate Market in the Russian Federation

The dynamics of the housing construction industry can be seen as an indicator of the level of social and economic development of the country. The attractiveness of residential real estate is largely determined by price availability for the population. However, it is important to consider demographic factors. Therefore, the study assessed the effects of migration, along with parameters such as salary dynamics, mortgage lending and construction volumes of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to justify the importance of migration dynamics to change the value of residential real estate. The subject of study is the existence of dependence of migration processes and pricing dynamics taking into account additional parameters of the country’s economy. The object of the study is pricing in the residential real estate market in Russia. Research methods are vector autoregression models (standard and Bayesian ones). Monthly data of official statistics for Russia for 2011–2021 as well as scientific articles and published studies of employees of the Bank of Russia were used as the information base. The initial hypothesis of the study is that the factor of migration significantly affects the final indicator of the cost of housing. The analysis made it possible to determine the importance of factors that have a sustainable long-term impact on the dynamics of prices in the residential real estate market.

SOCIODYNAMICS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UZBEKISTAN AND INTRODUCING THE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT INDEX (SED Index) IN COMMUNITIES

Based on sociological researches conducted by the author this article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of social entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan, a relatively new and evolving phenomenon within the country. Through a thorough examination of the existing landscape, the author evaluates the level of development, challenges, and opportunities for social entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan. By proposing an algorithmic framework for its future growth and development, the article offers valuable insights and recommendations to foster a flourishing social entrepreneurship ecosystem in Uzbekistan. analyzes some methodologies to quantify the level of social entrepreneurship development within regions, followed by the proposal of a potential Social Entrepreneurship Development Index (SED Index) as an exemplary measurement tool. KEYWORDS: social entrepreneurship, sociodynamics of social entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan, resources for the development of social entrepreneurship, algorithm of developing social entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan, measuring the level of social entrepreneurship development within regions, Social Entrepreneurship Development Index (SED Index)

Формування комплексного підходу до досліджень впливу транспортно-промислових процесів на сіті-логістичні системи

Taking into account the need for post-war reconstruction, one of the important issues is the formation of city-logistics systems taking into account the prospects for the development of urban industry, advanced achievements of science and technology, and the introduction of ecological modes of transport. , ensuring the European level of social and cultural development of the population. Meanwhile, enterprises of the metallurgical industry, as a rule, are city-forming in the settlements of industrial districts, they employ tens of thousands of workers. Taking into account the continuity of the main production processes in metallurgy, employees of such enterprises have a need for round-the-clock daily movement from their place of residence to the enterprise and back. At the same time, the schedules of the beginning and end of work shifts may be different at the same enterprise. Under such conditions, it is important to provide employees with timely and reliable transportation to the workplace. Accordingly, the city's transport system as a whole and the city's public transport in particular must be ready to ensure the growth of demand for passenger transportation for the sustainable development of the city's economy and social sphere. The article emphasizes the relevance of the tasks of optimizing the duration of signals both for relatively simple configurations of street network nodes and for complex street intersections with several sections of the road separated by a boulevard. The approach proposed by the authors to the management of the city-logistics system in the conditions of the cities of industrial regions will ensure the growth of demand for passenger transportation for the purpose of sustainable development of the economy and social sphere of cities. The need has been proven and practical solutions have been proposed for increasing the level of road safety, reducing traffic jams, and improving traffic modes within the cities of industrial areas, which allows to reduce the number of traffic accidents, ensures the fulfillment of urban logistics tasks, and also reduces the level of energy consumption of vehicles. expedient connection of various types of street transport, including individual ones, which will ensure rational planning of street space and increase the efficiency of the transport system of cities.

Современная судебная система: проблемы и пути их решения

The article identifies and considers two main problems of modern legal proceedings. The first problem, according to the authors, is the numerous judicial errors that negatively affect the legitimacy and prestige of justice. The second problem is the non-observance of procedural terms by the courts, which negatively affects the effectiveness of justice. The rational solution to these problems, the authors consider it necessary to develop and implement tools for alternative procedures for dispute resolution (ARS), which is determined by the ability of society to compromise thinking in order to peacefully resolve possible conflict situations. For the effective development of ADR instruments, the level of social development of a society implies the ability to independently negotiate with each other or involve an intermediary — a dispute regulator. The development of the ADR institution will reduce the burden and open up new opportunities for the development and renewal of the judicial system of our state.

A Building Extraction Method for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images with Multiple Attentions and Parallel Encoders Combining Enhanced Spectral Information

Accurately extracting pixel-level buildings from high-resolution remote sensing images is significant for various geographical information applications. Influenced by different natural, cultural, and social development levels, buildings may vary in shape and distribution, making it difficult for the network to maintain a stable segmentation effect of buildings in different areas of the image. In addition, the complex spectra of features in remote sensing images can affect the extracted details of multi-scale buildings in different ways. To this end, this study selects parts of Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province, China, as the study area. A parallel encoded building extraction network (MARS-Net) incorporating multiple attention mechanisms is proposed. MARS-Net builds its parallel encoder through DCNN and transformer to take advantage of their extraction of local and global features. According to the different depth positions of the network, coordinate attention (CA) and convolutional block attention module (CBAM) are introduced to bridge the encoder and decoder to retain richer spatial and semantic information during the encoding process, and adding the dense atrous spatial pyramid pooling (DenseASPP) captures multi-scale contextual information during the upsampling of the layers of the decoder. In addition, a spectral information enhancement module (SIEM) is designed in this study. SIEM further enhances building segmentation by blending and enhancing multi-band building information with relationships between bands. The experimental results show that MARS-Net performs better extraction results and obtains more effective enhancement after adding SIEM. The IoU on the self-built Xi’an and WHU building datasets are 87.53% and 89.62%, respectively, while the respective F1 scores are 93.34% and 94.52%.

Drivers and Barriers for the Adoption of Circular Economy Principles towards Efficient Resource Utilisation

Contemporary societies, whether they have reached advanced levels of economic and social development or are still developing, need to prioritise the implementation of circular economy practices. This will facilitate the shift towards regenerative, sustainable, and closed-loop industrial systems. For now, there are some efforts to encourage patterns of production and consumption through changes in economic trends, development of institutional frameworks, harmonising regulations in the field of environmental protection, and raising the level of social awareness to achieve, above all, greater efficiency of resources. Extensive literature that deals with monitoring the implementation of the circular economy already indicates the existence of numerous barriers in this process but also notices some incentives for raising the degree of circularity of the observed systems. In this paper, the question of whether a single value can represent the level of circularity of the chosen material/product chain is researched. An overview of barriers and drivers for implementing circular economy strategies is given to structure a proper metric framework in correlation to the research question. The objective was to simplify the monitoring of circularity by developing a unique index for comparing material/product chains in similar systems. This was accomplished by using the circular material use (CMU) rate introduced in the European Union and modifying it for financial data calculation. As a result, the circular economy index, which covers all 9R strategies (CEIR), is obtained. The practical verification of model applicability was shown by determining the degree of circularity achieved for passenger cars in the four observed EU countries.

Analysis of Criminal Property Handling in Criminal Cases Based on Comparative Criminal Law between China and Thailand

Based on the stable improvement of the current level of economic and social development, the situation of economic and financial categories is gradually becoming more serious. This basic factor indirectly promotes the proportion of criminal civil cross disciplinary cases in the total number of criminal cases in China to continue to rise. Thailand and China are separated by a narrow strip of water. The governance of anti-corruption and related criminal property disposal issues is not only a reference for China, but also an important factor in optimizing the business environment of Southeast Asian countries and enhancing economic and cultural exchanges between China and Southeast Asian countries, especially under the regional platform of China ASEAN. This article first provides an overview of criminal property involved in cases, and through an analysis of the cross disciplinary issues between criminal and civil law in the handling of criminal property involved, proposes five specific measures for the handling of criminal property involved in cases based on the comparative criminal law between China and Thailand. A comprehensive understanding and comparative study of Thailand's anti-corruption legislation and related criminal property disposal is of great significance for improving China's anti-corruption legislative system and related criminal property disposal, deepening China Thailand cooperation, and enhancing the level of China ASEAN cooperation.

A Comparative Study of Content and Language: Feasibility of Class IV Indonesian Language Textbooks

Books are an important tool in efforts to improve the quality of education. Through this textbook, students can obtain knowledge and information other than from a teacher. Therefore, teachers must intelligently determine the textbooks that will be used in learning because the choice of the best textbook will have a big influence on the learning process. Good textbooks have certain criteria or standards. Based on the results of the interview, information was obtained that the large number of Indonesian language textbooks in circulation created problems in choosing them. The diversity of authors and publishers gives rise to the diversity of the book's quality. Of course, there are still shortcomings, including textbooks that do not match the curriculum message; there are textbooks that contain material that is only in the form of a summary and less relevant to the learning outcomes that have been determined. The research method used by researchers is a comparative-qualitative method. Comparative research is research that compares the existence of one or more variables in two or more different samples. The research instrument examines the suitability of content and language using the 2022 BSNP (National Education Standards Board) instrument and adds indicators according to the theory used as the basis for the research. Data validity testing is carried out to determine the accuracy of the reported data. The technique used is the Miles and Huberman model of qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this research are the appropriateness of the content in the class IV Indonesian language textbook by A. Indradi and Rahmah Purwahida. The criteria for completeness of material, criteria for depth of material, criteria for accuracy in selecting material, criteria for accuracy in concepts and theories, criteria for accuracy in selecting examples, the criteria for accuracy in training, the criteria for conformity with scientific developments, the criteria for suitability of features, examples, exercises/references, the criteria for developing insight into diversity, and the criteria for developing insight into nationality and national integration are categorized as very good. The suitability of the language in the class IV Indonesian language textbook by A. Indradi and Rahmah Purwahida, based on the criteria of suitability to the level of intellectual development of students and the criteria of suitability to the level of social and emotional development of students, is categorized as very good. Keywords: Comparative, Content Appropriateness, Language Appropriateness, Textbooks

A Comparative Study on Adjustment and Self Concept of the adolescent students

Social adjustment is a major psychological facet influencing the personality of an individual. This study compares social adjustment among adolescent students with respect to gender and location. A sample of 100 adolescence students were selected through a random sampling method. To measure social adjustment, the social adjustment scale developed by Weismen and Paykal(1974) was used and the data was statistically analyzed. A significant difference was found in the level of social development between boys and girls, but not between kids from rural areas and those who live in cities.

Community Radio Influence and Project Interventions During the Covid-19 Period

The Ministry of Health in Nairobi, Kenya confirmed the first case of COVID-19 (Corona Virus) on the 12th of March 2020 since the outbreak in China in December of 2019. COVID-19 was declared a pandemic and as a result negatively affected the lives of communities globally. Job loss, mental illness, uncertainty, deaths, domestic violence, denial, misconceptions of the existence of COVID-19 and depressed economies are some of the characteristic features of nations during the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of community radio in community engagement in response to the COVID-19 pandemic among Voi and Marsabit marginalised communities in Kenya. The study objectives were to determine the influence of Sifa FM community radio station programmes on community development in Voi and Marsabit communities during the COVID-19 period; to establish the COVID-19 intervention projects conducted by Sifa FM community radio stations in Kenya that promote community development initiatives in Marsabit and Voi; to assess the challenges encountered when engaging in COVID-19 intervention projects by Sifa FM Voi and Marsabit community radio stations in Kenya to promote community engagement; and to identify risks and gaps encountered by Sifa FM Voi and Marsabit community radio stations during the COVID-19 period in Kenya. The study adopted the Empowerment Theory. 212 respondents participated in this study and consisted of four groups: The Sifa FM station manager, 11 community leaders and 100 community members in both Voi and Marsabit respectively. Purposive sampling was used to select community leaders and Sifa FM radio station manager, while snowball sampling was adopted to select community members residing in Voi and Marsabit communities. Mixed research design was adopted for this study. Data was collected using two interview guides and a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was collected between July and October 2021. Quantitative data was captured using SPSS version 20 software while qualitative data was analysed using thematic and content analysis.Findings revealed that Sifa FM community radio station programmes aired during the COVID-19 period contributed to increased levels of social and economic development in Voi and Marsabit communities. Social development was achieved to some extent through educating Sifa FM listeners on COVID-19 which influenced community health. Programmes about economic activities that were aired on Sifa FM provided insight that would impact the living standards of community members and economic development. Sifa FM contributed significantly to social-economic development of Voi and Marsabit communities during the COVID-19 period. Findings further revealed that Sifa FM contributed to several project interventions where the highest number of respondents supported public awareness on COVID-19 interventions as the priority. Results indicated that more can be done to increase the scope of outreach for project interventions from Sifa FM. There are challenges which were encountered by Voi and Marsa bit communities such as distribution of low-quality masks. Gaps were identified such as creating awareness of COVID-19. One risk associated with COVID-19 in Voi and Marsabit was job loss at a percentage of 84%

Living standards of the population of Karakalpakstan and socio-economic development of the region: Main indicators

The article describes the large-scale work performed to increase the population’s income, improve the quality of education and health services, and provide housing. It also refers to the decrees and resolutions adopted in the following years concerning the comprehensive development of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The living standards and welfare of the population, in the author’s opinion, depend on a number of factors, including the population’s income, health care, education, working conditions, the level of housing, natural gas, water supply, and a favorable environment. All this is the main goal of social development. The issues of effective use of socio-economic and production investment potential of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, engineering and communication provision of the territory, improvement of social and production infrastructure, development of economic sectors in order to provide employment and improve the living standards of the population have been analyzed. The questions of production and investment potential of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, development of entrepreneurial activity and stimulation of production of highly competitive products with high added value, expansion of available financial services for entrepreneurs, creation of infrastructural conditions for providing employment and achieving a new level of economic and social development of the region are also considered.

Level of Positive Social Development Among Saudi Youth: A Study Applied to the Students of King Saud University, Riyadh

The current study aims to identify the level of positive social development in a sample of (425) Saudi students at King Saud University in Riyadh, with an average age of (20.8) years and a standard deviation of (2.78). Therefore, the author adopted the social survey approach and positive development questionnaire as a tool. The study demonstrated a high level of the domains of positive social development (i.e., social competence, social interaction, social personality, and social participation) among Saudi youth. Furthermore, no difference was reported between females and males. The study recommends holding awareness seminars and conferences that educate youth and parents about the importance of social development and its positive effects on the person and society, developing plans and strategies by the universities to reinforce the various manifestations of development, especially the social development of their students, and creating a guide that illustrates the major characteristics of the positive development of the various aspects of the personality, especially the social ones.
 
 Received: 24 December 2022 / Accepted: 5 December 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СТОЛИЧНЫХ ГОРОДОВ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: ВОПРОСЫ ОЦЕНКИ

The article examines the social and economic development of territorial entities. The authors focus on the metropolitan cities of Russia, i.e., the administrative centers of the entities of the Russian Federation. The article examines the existing economic and legal literature on the problems and prospects of the social and economic development of cities. The existing limitations in the application of certain assessment methods regarding the territorial aspect are outlined. The authors have developed a methodology for multi-criteria assessment of the social and economic development level (SED index) of cities based on the assessment of key components of the social and economic development of metropolitan cities in the Russian Federation. The methodology was tested based on municipal statistics data from 83 metropolitan cities in the Russian Federation. The study covered the period from 2019 to 2021. The findings were assessed by comparing cities ‒ objects of the study, grouped by population size. The analysis demonstrated differentiation in the level of development of metropolitan cities, with the highest dispersion of values observed in the group of big cities with populations ranging from 250 thousand to one million people. Furthermore, the study found the general downward trend in the dynamics of the level of social and economic development of metropolitan cities in the Russian Federation over the studied period. The proposed methodology can be used to conduct studies of the social and economic development of territorial entities, monitor the level of social and economic development of cities, and make effective management decisions to reduce the excessive distance between city development levels.

Performance Improvement - A Driver of Enterprise Information Systems for Public Sector Transformation: Lessons for Developing Countries

The performance of public sector institutions has been a major concern across the globe. Performance improvement has been a matter of persistent pursuit across a variety of countries, particularly in developing countries contexts. It is generally believed that the private sector usually outperforms the public sector counterpart. It can be argued that if the public sector institutions can increase their performance like the private sector counterpart, the level of social development and economic growth, particularly in developing countries, could be exponential since the public sector is the foundation upon which the private sector drives development. However, a variety of factors prevent public sector institutions from competing with their private sector counterparts. The cultures and sentiments are different in the two sectors. For example, private organisations are profit-driven and they operate in highly competitive and performance-based environments. Therefore, performance is key to their success. Meanwhile, public institutions are social and public service-driven in nature. They are owned by the government and are politically motivated. Public institutions that want to transform and achieve accelerated performance and impact will fundamentally jettison some public service culture and embrace new, dynamic, forward-looking approaches and best practices.Research findings and empirical evidence have shown that information systems are great enablers of an organisation’s increased performance and total transformation. However, the people’s roles in shaping how information systems work, deliver value and transform organisations, especially, public institutions, is fundamental. Without people’s understanding, buy-in, capability and optimal adoption and use of information systems, an organisation’s performance and transformation will remain elusive. Public institutions need to take actions that both boost performance and inspire their people. This research paper practically demonstrates how enterprise performance, transformation and information systems are related using the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) as a case. The research validates how public sector enterprise performance and its four indicators (efficiency, effectiveness, productivity and responsiveness) drive enterprise transformation and its four major enablers (leadership, strategy, management and innovation practices) and how the transformation enablers are shaping and optimising adoption and use of enterprise information systems. The whole process is like a cycle. That is, the three performance indicators are accelerated when enterprise information systems are optimally used even with limited investment and budget provision. Having optimally deployed information systems naturally enables (helps to implement) enterprise transformation effectively. It clearly shows that an optimised enterprise information system is critical to enterprise performance and transformation.

Exploring the factors and spatial patterns of national night cultural tourism consumption agglomeration zones in China

This study is based on the theory of spatial structure and uses the geographic information system's (GISs) spatial analysis technology to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 243 national night cultural and tourism consumption agglomeration zones (NNCTCAZs) in China. Furthermore, this study employs various analytical methods, including the nearest index, geographic concentration index, imbalance index, nuclear density analysis, buffer analysis and geographic detector method. The results reveal that NNCTCAZs exhibit an imbalanced spatial distribution, with a predominant concentration in the east and southwest regions of China. Furthermore, the ‘core-edge’ structure of this distribution is discernible. The spatial distribution density of NNCTCAZs is uneven, with high-density areas primarily located in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Sichuan–Chongqing regions. This distribution pattern exhibits the characteristics of being progressive, that is, strong in the east and west and having small agglomerations with large dispersion. In addition, these areas are mainly concentrated in the central regions of cities and the surrounding areas of popular tourist attractions. The spatial layout of NNCTCAZs is mainly influenced by the level of social development, the tourism industry and regional gross domestic product (GDP), which are considered the core determinants. Furthermore, the development level of traffic conditions plays a crucial role in shaping the spatial layout, whereas the impact of the cultural environment and economic conditions is comparatively less pronounced.

The global incidence, mortality, and burden of uterine cancer in 2019 and correlation with SDI, tobacco, dietary risks, and metabolic risk factors: An ecological study.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the sixth most common cancer among women worldwide. Since global studies are based on awareness of the incidence trend, mortality, geographical diversity, and level of social development and income of countries, this study was conducted to investigate the trend of uterine cancer (UC) in the world in 2019. Age-standardized rates (ASR) of incidence, deaths, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of UC, as well as targeted risk factors, were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) online database 2019. Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS 16 were used to calculate the correlation between risk factors and ASR of epidemiological indicators. Statistical significance was considered as p < 0.05. In 2019, the age-specific incidence and death rate of UC was peaking at 60-64 and 65-69 years, respectively. The highest age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 people for UC has been reported in the Northern Mariana Islands, high sociodemographic index (SDI) countries, World Bank High-Income category, Europe continent and among World Health Organization (WHO) regions were found in the European Region. The highest age-standardized death rateper 100,000 people for UC has been reported in Grenada, high SDI countries, the World Bank High-Income category, Europe continent, and among WHO regions found in the European Region. In 2019, the age-standardized DALYs rate was 53.54 per 100,000 inhabitants, of which 48.49 cases were related to years of life lost (YLLs) and 5.05 cases were related to years lived with disability. According to GBD-2019, the highest incidence, mortality, and DALY of UC are in Europe. The evidence and traces of diversity can be seen in the inequalities of UC. Race, ethnicity, economic status, level of education and awareness, co-morbidities, access, grade, and histological type of tumor are the most important causes of this inequality.

Global, regional, and national temporal trends in mortality and disability-adjusted life years for cardiovascular disease attributable to low temperature during 1990-2019: an age-period-cohort analysis of the global burden of disease 2019 study.

Few studies have focused on the region-specific relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and low temperature worldwide. We aimed to provide an overview of trends in mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for CVD and its subtypes attributable to low temperature over the past 30 years in 204 countries and regions, along with the associations of these trends with age, period, and birth cohorts. Data on the estimated burden of CVDs (including ischemic heart disease, hypertensive heart disease, and stroke) attributable to low temperature were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We utilized an age-period-cohort model to estimate overall annual percentage changes in mortality (net drifts), annual percentage changes from 15 ~ 19 to 81 ~ 85 years (local drifts), and period and cohort relative risk (period/cohort effects) between 1990 and 2019. Among noncommunicable diseases, CVDs had the highest mortality rate and DALY loss attributable to low temperature worldwide and has increased from 65.7 to 67.3%, which is mainly attributed to the increase in East Asia and Pacific region. In terms of the level of economic and social development, an inverted U-shape was found in the age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) due to low-temperature across different sociodemographic indices (SDI) regions. Both high CVD mortality (19.45, 95% CI [14.54, 24.17%]) and a decreasing mortality rate related to low temperature (from 1990 to 2019, net drift, -3.25% [-3.76, 2.73%] per year) was found in high SDI countries or territories, with opposite outcome found in low SDIs regions. The older adults (70+) and men share the highest rate of CVD ASMR and DALY attributed to low temperature across all regions, especially in North America and Europe and Central Asia. Mortality and DALY loss from CVD attributable to low temperature showed an overall decreasing trend globally except for East Asia and Pacific region. SDI, sex, age and geographic location contributed to the diversity of the CVD disease burden associated with low temperature worldwide. More attention should be given to the older adults, men, and low SDI regions.

Methods of foreign students from Europe and Latin America recruiting on the example of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

This article considers the ways of international students recruiting in Russian universities using as an example the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba. As a leading university in the fields of working with international students RUDN University uses a variety of ways to attract students from Europe and Latin America. The aim of the work is to identify commonalities and differences in working with international students from Europe and Latin America, taking into account the peculiarities, level of economic and social development of the regions, their native languages and planned field of studies among applicants. The methodology used in the article is a comparative analysis of the methods of recruiting European and Latin American citizens to study at the RUDN University. In addition, the comparison uses the real practice of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba in recruiting international citizens from Europe and Latin America. The results of consideration show the effectiveness of the RUDN University methods used in the recruiting of European and Latin American students, as well as usefulness in their further implementation. The novelty lies in the comparison of the methods of international applicants recruiting from two regions – Europe and Latin America – for studies to RUDN University. The author concludes that it is advisable to operate Russian language centers, profile classes, resource centers, hold Open Olympiads to recruit talented young people to study at the RUDN University. It is also possible to continue working with recruiting companies and participation in international fairs. The possibility of introducing existing practices not only into the Russian, but also into the global educational space is being considered.