Oxidative Stress Index Levels Research Articles

The Effect of Interval Training on Oxidative Stress Indices Among Women in Preterm Labor Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

Objectives: Oxidative stress indices are one of the factors that cause and exacerbate cardiovascular diseases in postpartum women, which can be changed with interval training. Therefore, the current study aimed at investigating the effect of interval training on oxidative stress indices among women in preterm labor undergoing the coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 21 participants (the sample size was determined based on a similar study) from December 2018 to May 2019 at Shahid Madani hospital of Tabriz, Iran. After the random allocation of subjects to the training (n=11) and control (n=10) groups, demographic information was collected and their physical activity level was assessed using the Kaiser physical activity survey before and after the intervention. In addition, the levels of oxidative stress indices were measured 24 hours before and after the intervention using the blood sample. The participants completed an eight-week invention including 24 one-hour sessions according to the available protocol. Finally, data were analyzed by means of statistical tests such as the Shapiro-Wilk, Leven, and Student’s t-test at a significant level of <0.05. Results: The effect of the aerobic exercise program on body weight loss, as well as body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage changes was significant in the training group (P=0.011, P=0.004, and P=0.001, respectively). Based on the results, the serum and urine levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine reduced significantly after the completion of the intervention (P=0.002 and P=0.001, respectively) in the training group. Conclusions: In general, aerobic exercise after CABG decreased the fat percentile, BMI, and oxidative stress indices in the subjects. Thus, these trainings could reduce oxidative stress indices by increasing tissue metabolism and oxygen consumption.

Evaluating plasma oxidative stress markers in prelingual profound sensorineural hearing loss

Background and Aim: The etiopathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is an ess­ential contributing factor to its morbidity, which cannot be explained entirely so far. The current study aimed to determine the oxidative stress (OS) status by comparing the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) values in patients with pediatric prelingual profound SNHL. We also evaluated the correlation between OS parameters and audiological test results. Methods: The study included 25 participants (9 females; age range: 6‒34 months) diagnosed with pediatric prelingual profound SNHL and 25 healthy subjects (10 females; age range: 9‒28 months). Their TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were measured in the plasma of both groups. We evaluated the correlation between OS para­meters and audiological test results in the pati­ent group. Results: We found significantly higher serum TOS levels and OSI values in the patient group (mean ± SD of TOS: 16.08 ± 1.88 μmol H2O2 eq/L, p < 0.001; mean ± SD of OSI: 1.71 ± 0.48 arbitrary units, p < 0.001), compared to the controls. Moreover, we found lower serum TAS levels in the patient group (mean ± SD of TAS: 0.99 ± 0.20 mmol Trolox eq/L), compared to the controls. There was a strong correlation between OS parameters and audiological test results of the patient group. Conclusion: We detected significantly higher TOS, OSI, and lower TAS levels in pediatric patients with SNHL, compared to the healthy subjects. The obtained data indicated that pediatric SNHL is under OS influence.

Are serum levels of ADAMTS5, TAS and TOS at 24–28 gestational weeks associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in gestational diabetic women?

We aimed to determine the role of placental A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5), and maternal serum ADAMTS5, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels at 24–28th gestational weeks in GDM. This study included 57 patients, who had been diagnosed as having GDM at their 24–28th gestational week, and 29 controls. The maternal blood samples were collected at the 24-28th gestational week and ADAMTS5 was studied with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, whereas an automated colorimetric method was used to study TAS, TOS, and OSI. The level of ADAMTS5 in maternal serum of patients with GDM were significantly lower than the controls (p = .017); whereas TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher (p = .003 and p = .008). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed ADAMTS5 and TOS levels were independently associated with adverse perinatal outcomes (p = .004 and p = .018). We found that serum ADAMTS5 levels decreased and TOS level increased in GDM pregnant at 24–28th gestational weeks. In addition, we found that increased levels of serum ADAMTS5 and decreased TOS levels at 24–28th weeks were associated with adverse perinatal outcomes independent of the mode of treatment in GDM.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. The insulin resistance, which starts at the 24–28th gestational weeks, increases during gestation. GDM increases maternal complications like preeclampsia, cesarean rate, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes after pregnancy; and neonatal complications like macrosomia, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, delivery trauma, shoulder dystocia, and adult-onset obesity, and diabetes.What the results of this study add? A significant relationship between ADAMTS5, TOS levels and adverse perinatal outcome. insulin resistance and was observed.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Based on this finding, we concluded that increased levels of oxidative stress and decreased ADAMTS5 levels are associated with GDM and predictive for adverse perinatal outcomes. The results of the present study were consistent with the previous reports and indicated that increased oxidative stress in GDM patients are related to adverse perinatal outcomes.

The levels of fetuin-a, osteopontin, total antioxidant and oxidant in patients with midline closure defects

Amaç: Orta Hat kapanma Defekti (OHD) yüksek morbidite ve mortalite ile ilişkili doğumsal spinal omurgaların birleşme kusurudur. OHD’li olan hastalarda Fetuin-A, Osteopontin, Total antioksidan ve oksidan seviyeleri bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada bu paramatrelerin OHD’li olan hastalarda düzeyleri ve hastalıkla olan ilişkisi araştırıldı.Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya, 0-5 yaş grubu arasında OHD olan hastalar (Çalışma grubu, n=80) ve benzer yaşta sağlıklı çocuklar (Kontrol grubu, n=85) olmak üzere 165 olgu alındı. OHD olan olgular Spina Bifida Occulta (Grup I, n=22), Spinal Meningosel veya Miyelomeningosel (Grup 2, n=26) ve Hidrosefalisi olan (Grup 3, n=31) olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrıldı. Dağılımların normal olup olmadığı tek yönlü Kolmogorov–Smirnov testi ile değerlendirildi. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda, ki-kare, student t testi, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal-Wallis varyans testleri kullanıldı. Tüm olgularda Fetuin-A ve Osteopontin sandviç enzim bağlantılı immün sistemi emici teknolojiye dayanarak ölçüldü, Total Antioksidan Status (TAS) ve Total Oksidan Status (TOS) spektrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü. TOS’un TAS’a oranıyla oksidatif stres indeksi (OSİ) hesaplandı.Bulgular: Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında TAS düzeyleri benzerdi (p=0.230). TOS ve OSİ düzeyleri hastalarda, Fetuin-A ve Osteopontin değerleri ise kontrol grubunda daha yüksek bulundu (hepsi için, p<0.05). TAS düzeyleri hasta grupları arasında benzer, TOS, Fetuin-A, Osteopontin değerlerinde anlamlı farklıydı (hepsi için p<0.05). TOS, OSİ ve Fetuin-A düzeyleri grup I den III’e doğru giderek azalırken, osteopontin düzeyleri grup I’de en yüksek, grup 2’de ise en düşük olarak bulundu. Sonuç: OHD kapanma defekti, intrauterin dönemde meydana gelir. Embriyogenez aşamasında, ektodermal tabakadan gelişen nöral dokunun ve mezodermal tabakadan gelişen ve spinal kordun etrafını saran kemik ve cildin orta hatta yetersiz kapanması ile sonuçlanan bir malformasyondur. Bu yetersiz kapanma nöral tüpün herhangi bir yerinde meydana gelebilir. Nöral tüpün histogenezi ve organogenezi tamamlanması için biyolojik ve kimyasal aktif maddelere ihtiyaç duyarlar (2). Bu nedenle OHD’li hastaların fizyopatolojisinde, TOS, OSİ, Fetuin-A, Osteopontin değerlerinin rolü olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Comparison of oxidant/antioxidant balance in COPD and non-COPD smokers

Background/aimOxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Smoking is the leading source of oxidants in lungs. However, it is currently unknown why some individuals are more resistant to the detrimental effects of smoking and do not develop COPD. The aim in this study is to measure and compare the oxidant/antioxidant balance between in non-COPD individuals who smoke and COPD patients who smoke. Materials and methodsIncluded in the study were 137 patients with COPD and 102 healthy individuals. Participants were divided into groups as COPD patients (former and current smokers), non-COPD individuals who smoke and non-smokers healthy persons. In the following stage, the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were measured in serum for all participants. ResultsIn the current-smoker COPD group, the level of oxidant status were significantly higher than the former-smoker COPD group (p < 0.001). Similarly, oxidant levels were significantly high in current-smoker healthy group than never smoker healthy group. According to these results TOS was associated with especially smoking status rather than COPD. Antioxidant status were similar between former-smoker COPD group and current-smoker COPD group. The antioxidant levels were found significantly low in current-smoker COPD patients, compared to the current-smoker non-COPD individuals (p = 0.007). Nevertheless, no significant difference was found in OSI levels between two groups. Briefly, high TOS and OSI values were correlated with only smoking, independently from COPD. ConclusionIt was concluded that there are complex pathogenetic mechanisms, including genetic and individual variations other than oxidant/antioxidant balance, involved in the development of smoking-related COPD. TOS and OSI values are not predictive parameters for the development of COPD, but high level of TAS in non-COPD smokers is promising for future studies.

Vascular Remodeling in Different Activity of Renin-Angiotenzin-Aldosterone System in Patients with Comorbidity of Arterial Hypertension and Obesity

The objective: the aim of the study was to assess the features of vascular remodeling indifferent activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components in patients with arterial hypertension and concomitant obesity.Materials and methods. We examined 200 patients with arterial hypertension and obesity class I–II who gave informed written consent to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria.Results. Comparative assessment of oxidative stress – antioxidant defense of obese patients has shown that when they have low arterial arterial hypertension, the levels of oxidative stress indices are significantly lower, and overall antioxidant protection is significantly higher than with high-renin arterial hypertension.Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was established that in patients with comorbidity of arterial hypertension and obesity class I–II, low-renin arterial hypertension was associated with less pronounced impairments incertain vascular remodeling parameters (intima-media thickness in the place of the carotid artery bifurcation and pulse wave velocity in the carotid artery), as well as a greater activity of general antioxidant protection and lower activity of oxidative stress indicators such as malonic dialdehyde and diene conjugates.

EFFECT OF BORON ON TRACE ELEMENT LEVEL İN PARACETAMOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXİCİTY MODEL

In this study, we have aimed to determine the relationship between the levels of total antioxidant-oxidant capacity, trace elements and protein carbonyl levels in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity model and the effect of boron. We investigated the efficacy and antioxidant role of boron, which has the characteristics of protecting the oxidant/ antioxidant system in tissues and increasing the glutathione depots, in reducing the negative effects of paracetamol which is known to cause widespread and high doses of hepatotoxic damage. Trace elements are essential substances for the human body and are found in small amounts. In addition to the role of cofactors in many enzymes, also required for function. The experimental animals used in our study were divided into seven groups: Control, 2 g/kg paracetamol, 2 g/kg paracetamol + 50 mg/kg boric acid, 2 g/kg paracetamol + 100 mg/kg boric acid, 2 g/kg paracetamol + 200 mg/kg boric acid, 2 g/kg paracetamol + 140 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine 200 mg/kg boric acid. As a result of the measurements, serum paracetamol aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and analysis of tissue samples as a result of protein carbonyl (POC), total oxidant level (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels increased, boron given groups significant decrease was observed. Paracetamol group protein thiol (P-SH), total antioxidant level (TAS) and trace element levels decreased while there was a significant (p<0.05) increase in boron groups. Trace element levels (Mg, Cu, Zn, Se) were significantly lower in paracetamol groups compared to control group (p<0.05) and Trace element levels (Mg, Cu, Zn, Se) were significantly (p<0.05) increased boron supplement group compared to paracetemol group. As a result, we observed that the damage caused by the paracetamol to the oxidant / antioxidant balance decreased with boron supplementation and it can be said that the boron exhibits antioxidant properties based on its effects on different parameters.

Assessing Anticancer Potential of Blueberry Flavonoids, Quercetin, Kaempferol, and Gentisic Acid, Through Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Parameters on HCT-116 Cells.

In recent years, natural products gained popularity with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects mediated by chemical compounds within their composition. Study results offering them as palliative therapy options in cancer or as anticancer agents with high levels of cytotoxicity brought a new approach to combine cancer treatment protocols with these products. From a different perspective, edible types of these products are suggested in daily diets due to their potential cancer preventive effects. Our preliminary work was on blueberry extracts (Vaccinium myrtillus) as a main representative of these natural products, and the contents of the extracts were analyzed with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS) to reveal the composition and distribution of polyphenolic compounds within. The most abundant polyphenols detected in V. myrtillus extracts were quercetin, kaempferol, and a phenolic acid, gentisic acid (GA). The compounds were further evaluated on treated HCT-116 cells for their potential anticancer effects by measuring total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels for evaluation of oxidative stress and through protein array analysis and flow cytometric analysis for evaluation of apoptosis. In analysis of oxidative stress parameters, reduced total oxidant levels and reduced oxidative stress index levels were found in cells treated with the compounds in comparison with untreated cells. In apoptosis-related protein profiles, at least twofold reduction in various apoptotic proteins was observed after quercetin and kaempferol treatment, whereas a different profile was observed for GA. Overall, results of this study showed that quercetin and kaempferol have strong cytotoxic, antioxidant, and apoptotic effects, although GA is mostly effective as an antioxidant polyphenol on HCT-116 cells.

Interfering with long chain noncoding RNA ANRIL expression reduces heart failure in rats with diabetes by inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress.

This study is performed to elucidate whether long-chain noncoding RNA ANRIL has an effect on diabetes, and further explore the mechanism of ANRIL in diabetes. The rat model of diabetes was established via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The modeled rats were grouped into normal, diabetes, siRNA-NC, and ANRIL siRNA groups. Besides, the expression of ANRIL, cardiac function, inflammatory factor levels, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and levels of oxidative stress index were all determined. Upregulated ANRIL was found in myocardial tissue of diabetic rats. Downregulated ANRIL improved cardiac function index and the expression of inflammatory factors, improved the pathological state of myocardial tissue and myocardial remodeling, decreased myocardial collagen deposition area and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduced the oxidative level of myocardial tissue in diabetic rats. This present study suggests that upregulated ANRIL is found in myocardial tissue of diabetic rats. Additionally, silencing of ANRIL reduces myocardial injury in diabetes by inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress.

Squalene attenuates the oxidative stress and activates AKT/mTOR pathway against cisplatin-induced kidney damage in mice.

The clinical use of cisplatin, which is a first-line anticancer agent, is highly restricted due to its adverse effects on kidneys that lead to nephrotoxicity. Therefore, some potential reno-protective substances have been used in combination with cisplatin to cope with nephrotoxicity. Due to its high antitumor activity and oxygen-carrying capacity, we investigated the molecular effects of squalene against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and kidney damage in mice. Single dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg) was given to male Balb/c mice. Squalene (100 mg/kg/day) was administered orogastrically to mice for 10 days. Following sacrification, molecular alterations were investigated as analysis of the levels of oxidative stress index (OSI), inflammatory cytokines and cell survival-related proteins in addition to histopathological examinations in mice kidney tissue. The level OSI and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) decreased in the cisplatin and squalene cotreated mice compared to cisplatin-treated mice. Squalene treatment also increased the activation of protein kinase B (AKT). Furthermore, cisplatin-induced inactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and histopathological damages were reversed by squalene. It may be suggested that squalene ameliorated the cisplatin-induced histopathological damages in the kidney through activation of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by regulating the balance of the redox system due to its antioxidative effect.

The Evaluation of Exogenous Melatonin Administration in Supraspinatus Overuse Tendinopathy in an Experimental Rat Model.

BackgroundIncreased oxidative stress and inflammation play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of chronic tendinopathy. Melatonin is an endogenous molecule that exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological effects of exogenous melatonin administrations in supraspinatus overuse tendinopathy.MethodsFifty rats were divided into the following four groups: cage activity, melatonin treatment, corticosteriod therapy, and control. Melatonin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal; twice a day) and triamcinolone (0.3 mg/kg, subacromial; weekly) were administered to the treatment groups after the overuse period. Biochemical and histopathological evaluations were performed on serum samples and biopsies obtained from rats. Plasma inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were evaluated biochemically.ResultsThe TAS, TOS, OSI, iNOS, and VEGF values were significantly lower than the pre-treatment levels in rats receiving exogenous melatonin treatment (3 or 6 weeks) (p<0.05). TOS, iNOS, VEGF, and OSI values after 3 weeks of triamcinolone administration, and TOS, VEGF, and OSI levels after 6 weeks of triamcinolone application, were significantly lower than the pre-treatment levels (p<0.05).ConclusionsExogenous melatonin application in overuse tendinopathy reduces oxidative stress and inflammation. Melatonin might be an alternative potential molecule to corticosteroids in the treatment of chronic tendinopathy.

Ameliorative Effect of Cimetidine and Silymarin on Acute Acetaminophen-induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Albino Rats: An Experimental Comparative Study

Acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic drug, its overdose cause hepatotoxicity. The current antidote for acetaminophen hepatotoxicity is N-acetyl cysteine (NAC); however, NAC has been resulted in severe side effects as seizures, intracranial hypertension and cerebral edema. This study aimed to assess and compare the ameliorative effects of cimetidine and silymarin against acute acetaminophen–induced hepatotoxicity. Fifty four adult albino rats were divided into nine groups: negative control; solvent control; silymarin control; cimetidine control; cimetidine and silymarin control; acetaminophen group; acetaminophen and silymarin group; acetaminophen and cimetidine group; acetaminophen, cimetidine and silymarin group. A single dose of: acetaminophen (800 mg/kg, orally); silymarin (150mg/kg, orally) and cimetidine (150 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) were given according to study regimen. Liver histopathology, biochemical analysis of liver aminotransferases (AST & ALT) and hepatic tissue levels of oxidative stress index (MDA) and antioxidant (GSH) were assessed. Treatment with cimetidine alone gave better biochemical results as compared to treatment with silymarin alone. However combined treatment with cimetidine and silymarin showed better ameliorative effects than either of them given alone, evidenced by better improvement in histopathological examination and biochemical results as compared to other tested groups, and these results were non-significant as compared to controls. In conclusion treatment with silymarin and cimetidine in-combination for acute acetaminophen–induced hepatotoxicity showed better improvement probably due to synergistic hepatoprotective effects.

Seasonally varied cytotoxicity of organic components in PM2.5 from urban and industrial areas of a Chinese megacity

The atmospheric fine particulate matters (PM2.5) induce significant negative effects on human health, such as in the form of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory response. Organic pollutants are important harmful and toxic compositions in PM2.5, risks of which usually show temporal and spatial variations. To investigate the toxic effects of airborne organic pollutants on human lung epithelial cells A549, the PM2.5 samples were collected monthly from both urban and industrial areas during a whole year in Nanjing, eastern China. After exposure to organic components extracted from these PM2.5, the cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase content, oxidative stress index level and inflammatory factor expression level were measured. Supported by the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes, results showed that, organic components of PM2.5 from cold season (winter and spring) typically influenced cell membrane, cell oxidation and inflammatory damage, while the urban samples of warm season (summer and autumn) impacted cell viability more prominently. Spatially, the toxicity of samples from industrial sources was generally stronger than that from urban source, but urban samples induced much stronger damage to cell membranes than industrial one. The correlations between the PAHs, n-alkanes contents and toxicity parameters indicated that, the airborne organic components derived from motor vehicle exhaust and coal combustion were possibly the key toxic sources.

Therapeutic effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on alveolar bone loss in rats with endotoxin-induced periodontitis

Background/purposeCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an antioxidant which is decreases the bone resorption and enhances the bone healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of administering systemic CAPE on alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis. Materials and methodsThirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, endotoxin-induced periodontitis (EP), and EP treated with CAPE (EP-CAPE). Endotoxin was injected into the gingiva of test rats on days 1, 3, and 5, whereas saline was injected into the control rats. The EP-CAPE group received 10 mmol/kg/day CAPE intraperitoneally for 28 consecutive days. Saline was given in the control and EP groups in the same manner. At the end of the study, intracardiac blood samples were obtained, and the rats were sacrificed. Alveolar bone loss was analyzed with histometric measurements. The oxidative stress index (OSI) was used to evaluate the oxidative stress. The receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) level was analyzed stereologically. ResultsCAPE administration significantly decreased the serum OSI and interleukin-1β levels. Alveolar bone loss was statistically higher in the EP group compared with the EP-CAPE group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analyses of the RANKL were significantly lower in the EP-CAPE group than in the EP group (P < 0.05). ConclusionThis experimental study revealed that CAPE administration significantly prevented alveolar bone loss and stimulated periodontal tissue healing.

Evaluation of serum prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with temporomandibular joint internal derangement

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate serum prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJ-ID). Methods: Seventy patients with Wilkes stage III, IV, and V joints and 70 healthy controls were included. Serum prolidase activity and oxidative stress parameters, including total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), glutathione (GSH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) were measured. Results: The levels of prolidase, TOS, OSI, AOPP, and LOOH were significantly higher in the TMJ-ID group than in the control (p = .0001). TAS and FRAP level was significantly lower in the TMJ-ID group than in the control (p = .0001). There was no significant difference in GSH between groups. Conclusion: Significantly increased prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with TMJ-ID may be related to long-term collagen tissue damage, and inflammation and can be effective in the etiology of TMJ-ID.

Oxidative stress and phenotype frequencies of paraoxonase-1 in teratozoospermia.

Oxidative stress causes infertility in men by affecting especially sperm morphology. The aim of the study was to examine the frequencies of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) phenotypes and the serum PON1, arylesterase, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index, catalase and thiol levels in teratozoospermic infertile men and normospermic fertile men. The study included 184 teratozoospermic infertile men and 72 normospermic fertile men. The double substrate method was employed to determine the phenotype distribution of PON1. The evaluation of sperm morphology was made in accordance with the Kruger's criteria. TAS, catalase and thiol levels were determined to be significantly lower in teratozoospermic infertile men compared to normospermic fertile men. A significant change was not observed in the levels of TOS, PON1 and arylesterase. There was a positive correlation between catalase and thiol levels and sperm morphology. While there were significantly more teratozoospermic men with AA phenotypes compared to normospermic men, there were significantly more persons with AB and BB phenotypes in normospermic men than in teratozoospermic men. As far as we know, such a study was conducted for the first time and suggests that PON1 phenotypic distribution may play a significant role in sterile males because of impaired sperm morphology.

Premature Myocardial Infarction: Genetic Variations in SIRT1 Affect Disease Susceptibility.

Objectives Premature myocardial infarction (PMI) is an uncommon disease, and its incidence varies between 2% and 10%, rising, depending on genetic susceptibility under the influence of lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between SIRT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), SIRT1, and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) protein expressions, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in young patients with premature ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods Genotyping of the three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs7895833 A > G in the promoter region, rs7069102 C > G in intron 4, and rs2273773 C > T in exon 5) in SIRT1 gene was performed in 108 consecutive patients (87.0% were men with a mean age of 40.74 ± 3.82 years) suffering from ST-elevation myocardial infarction at the age of ≤45 and 91 control subjects. Results The risk for myocardial infarction was increased by 2.31 times in carriers of CC or CG genotypes. SIRT1 protein levels were enhanced and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were diminished in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients regardless of the underlying gene variant. There was no correlation between SIRT1 expression and the amount of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index levels in patients and in the control group either. Conclusions SIRT1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with premature myocardial infarction, which affected the SIRT1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein expression, irrespective of the underlying SIRT1 genotype.

Berberine inhibits the ischemia-reperfusion induced testicular injury through decreasing oxidative stress

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of berberine (BBR) on oxidative stress in an experimental testicular I/R injury model. MethodsEighteen rats were divided into three groups: control group, torsion-detorsion (T/D) group, and BBR + T/D group. In the pre-treatment of the BBR group, 200 mg/kg BBR was given intraperitoneally 30 min before detorsion. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were determined using colorimetric methods. Histological evaluation of the tissue samples was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. ResultsIn T/D group, tissue MDA, TOS, and oxidative stress index levels were higher than control group. These increases were significantly reversed with BBR pre-treatment. Although Johnsen scores were lower in T/D group than the control group, BBR pre-treatment recovered the Johnsen scores. ConclusionThese results suggest that BBR can inhibit I/R-induced testicular injury by suppressing oxidative stress. Further studies may prove that BBR is a useful agent as an adjunctive treatment in surgical repair in human cases.

Sağlıklı Erişkinlerde İstirahat Kalp Hızı Oksidatif Stresle İlişkili Değildir

Introduction: Although resting heart rate (RHR) and oxidative stress are risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the association between them has not been fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between RHR and oxidative/antioxidative stress markers. Patients and Methods: The study consisted of 56 healthy volunteers (33 males; mean age: 44.1 ± 9.0 years). Subjects were divided into two groups according to heart rate quartiles: lower two quartiles as group 1 (n= 29) and upper two quartiles as group 2 (n= 27). We measured total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and ceruloplasmin (CP) levels of subjects. Results: There was no any significant difference in baseline clinical characteristics and laboratory measurements between the groups (p> 0.05 for all variables). Mean RHRs were 71.3 ± 4.6 in group 1 and 82.4 ± 4.1 in group 2. The TAC, TOS, OSI, and CP levels were similar between the two groups (p> 0.05 for all variables). We did not detect any significant association between RHR and oxidative/antioxidative parameters. Conclusion: RHR was not associated with TOS, TAC, OSI, and CP levels in our study.

Ischemia modified albumin: a useful marker for increased oxidative stress in Behçet’s disease

Background Increased oxidant stress play an important role in pathogenesis of Behçet’s disease (BD). It needs to be clearly defined by using a sensitive marker.Objective We sought to investigate usefulness of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) to show increased oxidative stress in patients with BD and its value considering the disease activity.Methods The sera from BD patients (n=57) and healthy individuals (n=45) were collected. IMA, serum total antioxidative capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured using Erel’s automated method, and the percentage ratio of total peroksit level to TAC level was considered the oxidative stress index (OSI). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for all markers.Results IMA, TAC, TOS, OSI, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with BD than those in controls. IMA was the only marker which showed difference between active and inactive periods, and it had higher area under curve (AUC) value than those for other markers in ROC analysis (p=0.004). IMA also showed significant correlations with CRP, both in all BD patients and those in active period (r=0.50, p&amp;lt;0.01; r =0.54, p&amp;lt;0.005, respectively).Conclusions IMA showed superiority to other markers such as TAC, TOS or OSI to evaluate oxidative stress in BD patients as well as in considering disease activity. The higher serum level of IMA and its relationship with CRP observed in active period of BD indicate that IMA may be a useful marker for monitoring disease activity.