Level Of Information Provision Research Articles

МІЖНАРОДНІ КОМПАРАТОРИ ПЕРЕДУМОВ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ IT-СФЕРИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The relevance of the research topic is due to the rapid development of the IT sphere in the countries of the world, the acceleration of the processes of digitization of the economy and the life of society. Despite on the fact that the IT sphere of Ukraine has been developing dynamically in recent years, the process of its regulation is characterized by a number of shortcomings and problematic issues that need to be resolved. For this purpose, it is expedient to first thoroughly study the relevant prerequisites for its development in the international dimension. The paper is devoted to the assessment of international comparators of prerequisites that affect the effectiveness of regulating of the IT sphere of Ukraine development. The purpose of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the prerequisites for the regulation of the development of the IT sphere of Ukraine and the countries of the European Union, and to substantiate on its basis directions for the activation of the activities of the subjects of economic activity in this sphere. Attention is focused on the importance of conducting a comparative analysis and drawing up ratings of indicators in relation to the countries of the European Union, taking into account the course of the European integration chosen by Ukraine. The comparative analysis was conducted and ratings of the countries of the European Economic Area and Ukraine were formed based on indicators of network readiness, using of information and communication technologies, development of infrastructure for ICT, development of digital skills. The level of readiness of countries for the introduction of artificial intelligence and its components (readiness of the government, technological sector, data and infrastructure) was studied. The comparison was made of the results of the grouping of countries by GDP per capita with the level of information provision and readiness for the introduction of artificial intelligence. The ways of further regulation of the development of the IT sphere in Ukraine were outlined, including financial and investment support, strengthening international cooperation, improving labor relations, bridging the digital divide and developing digital skills.

Competition and coordination in public transport: A mode choice experiment

Public transport plays an important role in sustainable transportation by reducing traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigated the competition and coordination behavior in public transport mode choice with both positive and negative externalities. Subjects participated in a mode-choice game in which they were required to choose between bus and metro. The externalities in one public transport mode were determined by its characteristics and how many individuals chose it. We examined two treatments with different amounts of information: less information and more information, corresponding to non-implementing and implementing advanced traveler information systems, respectively. We derived three different theoretical solutions (i.e., the pure-strategy Nash equilibrium, the mixed-strategy equilibrium, and the fair-reference point) as benchmarks to compare with the experimental outcomes, finding that the fair-reference point was achieved when more information was provided, whereas the pure-strategy Nash equilibrium was better to predict the choice behavior when providing less information. Furthermore, the comparison of the two treatments revealed the information paradox, indicating that information affected the public transport mode choice behavior, and more information might lead to worse outcomes. The spontaneous collective actions induced by less information and risk aversion could exert the benefits from positive externalities, thereby reducing travel costs compared with more information. Also, we adopted an adaptive learning model to reproduce the main findings in the experiment and exhibit simulated results under different levels of information provision, providing a parsimonious explanation for the information paradox.

Learning-Based Model for Evaluating the Impact of Neighborhood Design on Travel Behavior

This research developed an agent-based model that evaluates the impact of neighborhood design on travel behavior while accounting for habit formation, social interactions, various levels of information provision, and awareness of transport and land use system changes. The developed model employs a framework that integrates random utility maximization theory with reinforcement learning concepts to account for the bounded rationality and knowledge learning process. Moreover, the model utilizes the diffusions of innovations theory to simulate how agents propagate information across family members and co-workers. It also adds a time dimension to the modal shift process, which could be used to indicate the relative duration to reap the full benefits of proposed scenarios. The model was applied to a neighborhood in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada, to assess the impact on travel behavior of the SMARTer growth principles. The results showed that retrofitting non-motorized networks has more impact on modal shift than retrofitting road networks. This implies that infrastructure investments related to providing more accessibility for non-motorized users may be more socially and sustainably profitable than investments in policies targeting auto users. In addition, the results revealed that land use policies led to higher modal shift to non-motorized modes compared to retrofitting the transportation network, which highlights the importance of integrating land use and transportation planning. Similarly, the results demonstrated that transportation demand management policies can provide a positive stimulus to commuters to maintain familiarity with active transportation (AT) modes, which led in the presented case study to an increase in AT modal share.

ПРОБЛЕМАТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО ВІДЕОСЕРВІСУ В КРИЗОВІЙ СИТУАЦІЇ

The analysis of the problematic aspects of image processing technologies on aircraft board is carried out. Such technologies relate to the direction of search and preservation of the information component of video information. It is proved that under the conditions of a crisis management system, remote video services are expected to provide a high level of video delivery efficiency and at the same time provide the necessary level of information on the resulting information model. An imbalance is noted: on the one hand, it is possible to provide the necessary level of video information delivery efficiency, but with a low level of information reliability, and on the other hand, having ensured the necessary level of information provision, the reliability of the resulting video model about real events is lost. A prospective direction for solving the problem associated with a decrease in the information intensity of the video stream coming from the aircraft is provided. Particular attention is paid to the factor of preserving information without losing its efficiency and reliability. The rationale for the information sections of video information that contain information redundancy is given. It is proved that this complicates the decryption process. The direction of development of the scientific basis for increasing the efficiency of video information delivery from the aircraft with the preservation of the reliability of information is given. Systematic approach to solving the formulated problematic aspects for video information processing methods consists in developing a technology for their processing aimed at finding and highlighting important objects in the information model is proved It is proved that a promising way to reduce the information redundancy of video information received from the aircraft with the preservation of efficiency and reliability is the methods of allocating the most significant areas from all the information received. The promising technological concept of an effective syntactic description of the elements of aerial photograph areas, taking into account informative information is proposed. The results should be used in the design and manufacture of promising on-board digital scanners.

Innovative character of modernization of managerial information system of the enterprise

Important scientific and practical task concerning identifying the trends of innovation development of the managerial information system of the enterprise is solved and presenting of new concept modernization of managerial information system of the enterprise is done. The development of the managerial information system of the enterprise is described by the influence of innovative changes on processes with managerial information. This is carried out in accordance with the conditions and factors of the enterprise development with the organization of parameters of influence and the development of necessary measures to avoid disintegration of information processing processes, thus increasing the efficiency of information to exercise a guiding influence on processes of management. The concept of achieving information equilibrium in the process of making managerial decisions is substantiated that characterizes a more qualitative level of information provision of decision-making. The methodical principles of organization of the informational basis for the formation of variants of managerial decisions are developed, the effectiveness of which is determined by qualitative and quantitative parameters of managerial information. Information provision of managing an enterprise is formed through the architecture, which includes processes and schemes of organization, structuring, formalization, maintenance and information movement in the managerial system and beyond.

ANALYSIS OF LIQUIDITY OF THE ENTERPRISE BY EXAMPLE PJSC«BONDARIVSKE»

The article substantiates the functioning of institutional participants in the stock market of foreign countries. It has been highlighted the main differences between the American and European models of the securities market organization. It has been considered the regulatory authorities of the leading countries of the world, the most influential stock exchanges, and the specifics of the activities of self-regulated organizations. It has been clarified that the main problems which deter the effective functioning of the participants in the Ukrainian stock market are: low level of protection of the rights of owners and buyers of securities; imperfection of the regulatory framework; low level of information provision of market participants and as a result of it arising of shadow financial transactions with securities; the lack of equal conditions for all real and potential participants for operations related to the purchase / sale of securities; high degree of risk; lack of trust among market participants. It has been proposed area for improvement of the institutional participants functioning on the stock market of Ukraine in the current conditions.

PP59. SERVICE EVALUATION OF INFORMATION PROVISION TO PATIENTS WITH TUMOURS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN NINEWELLS HOSPITAL, DUNDEE

BACKGROUND: A recent report from the Brain Tumour Charity (BTC) found that 52% of patients with brain tumours felt the NHS did not give brain tumour patients the attention they required and 29% were dissatisfied with how health professionals addressed their condition. Poor information provision was one reason for low satisfaction. The 2014 NCPES report found that 25% of patients felt that side effects of treatment were not explained satisfactorily. METHODS: Service evaluation of Ninewells Hospital, Dundee was performed, between September 2015 and February 2016 at the CNS cancer outpatient clinic. The EORTC QLQ-INFO25 questionnaire was used to evaluate information provision to patients. Domains assessed included information relating to disease; medical tests; treatment; and other services. QLQ-INFO25 uses a 1–4 Likert scale with 1 representing the lowest level of information and 4 the highest. Scores were linearly converted to a 0–100 scale for the purposes of analysis. Patients were asked an additional eight ‘open’ questions to better allow patients to communicate their opinions and ideas relating to their care in a qualitative manner. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients returned questionnaires (eight patients left at least one question unanswered). Mean scores are reported for each question ±SD. The highest scores were for information relating to medical test results (87.3 ± 19.65), and to procedures of medical tests (84.85 ± 22.36). Lowest scores were for information received about causes of disease (36.84 ± 33.13) and about available rehabilitation services (43.33 ± 44.72). Other areas with low scores included information received about the effects of treatment on sexual activity (50.00 ± 36.60) as well as information about professional psychological support (48.48 ± 39.48). The overall score across all domains was 78.26 ± 23.80. 80% reported receiving written information at some point during their care. Responses to additional questions were largely positive and comments about staff complementary. Patients reported few difficulties getting to appointments. Three patients reported that the single thing done “less well during care” was the time to receive a scan/diagnosis. When asked what they would spend additional funding on, if available, 20% of patients said research into diagnosis and treatment. The remaining responses were variable, suggesting heterogeneity in CNS cancer patients’ priorities. 44% patients stated that nothing could be improved about their care. Possible improvements suggested included quicker scans, and for care to take place in a more local setting. CONCLUSIONS: It is unsurprising that levels of information provision are highest with regards to information received about medical tests and treatment, as most patients receive written information on these topics. The cause of CNS tumours is not completely understood, and so it is unsurprising that not all patients received this information. Information about other services may not always be addressed by the Ninewells hospital care team, as these services may be provided by other teams. These data will be used to implement changes to the CNS tumour service within Ninewells Hospital - particularly regarding psychological, social and sexual advice as well as other services - in order to improve information provision to patients in these highlighted domains.

School libraries, political information and information literacy provision:

This paper presents the findings of research which explored Scottish school libraries’ information provision and information literacy (IL) support in the run-up to two major political events: the 2014 Scottish Independence Referendum (SIR) and the 2015 General UK Parliamentary Election (GE). To do this, the project identified, through an online survey, what political information seeking secondary school students engaged in through school libraries, what information provision and IL support was available to students relating to political issues and events, and what barriers school libraries faced in providing these aspects of political education. It also identified what information seeking students engaged in, what levels of information provision and IL support relating to politics are provided by school libraries, and to explore the perceptions and experiences of library staff relating to work in this area. Analysis of the results indicates that there are mixed levels of provision across school libraries in Scotland and that this variation may be influenced by inconsistent policies from local councils and individual schools themselves, as well as variations in the experience and views of library staff. Key activities to support young people’s political education are identified, and several reasons library staff do not engage in political work are discussed. The findings are linked to previous research, with a discussion of the need to encourage and support school library staff to contribute to the political education of students alongside teaching staff. Several recommendations for schools and library staff are made, relating to a consideration of the role of school libraries, how they can provide relevant political information, the importance of clear policies around political information provision and the support required for school library workers.

Counseling cancer patients on complementary and alternative medicine

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is of high relevance in oncology. Only a minority of professionals feel competent in CAM. Our aim was to provide a strategy for establishing evidence-based counseling on CAM in oncology in the German health system. We performed a systematic search of the literature on patient counseling concerning CAM. Of 811articles identified in this search 51met our inclusion criteria. Data from these articles were analyzed and adapted to the needs of German patients by a group of experts of the DEGRO ("Deutschen Gesellschaft für Radioonkologie") and the German Cancer Society. In the next step a strategy about how to integrate evidence-based counseling on CAM at cancer centers and oncological institutions was developed. First, evidence-based recommendations on CAM counseling were derived. The core of our strategy combines two levels of information provision: level1 will be oncologists, radiotherapists and other specialists and level2 oncological CAM experts. The latter group will serve as trainers and backup for complicated or advanced questions and for individual counseling of patients with complex needs. Professionals in level1 will be offered special training. Evidence-based counseling on CAM is not only possible but also mandatory in order to meet patient information needs. Our proposal would allow for integrated counseling available at all oncological institutions and guarantee a high quality. Furthermore, provision of information on two different levels allows the effective use of resources (manpower and financing).

Towards a learning-based mode shift model: a conceptual framework

Random Utility Maximization (RUM)-based mode choice models are criticized for their poor characterization of several behavioral aspects including habit and inertia in mode choice. As a result, traditional models may end up with a misleading estimation of modal shift in cases where strong habits towards a specific mode exist. In addition, given the cross-sectional nature of traditional choice models, it is hard to address individuals' sensitivity to various policy scenarios and to determine the period of time required to reap the benefits of the proposed policies. In order to contribute to this critical issue, this paper presents a review of existing literature on mode choice modeling focusing on capturing behavioral aspects related to habit and inertia formation. The paper then proposes a novel conceptual framework for a microsimulation learning-based mode shift model that compiles both reinforcement learning techniques with random utility maximization concepts. The proposed approach utilizes various elements of reinforcement learning methods to simultaneously integrate habit formation, level of information provision and awareness limitations. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the differences between traditional and learning-based modeling frameworks. The simulation results are in line with the prior expectations which can be considered a first step towards the model's credibility.

Health information provision in men and women's magazines

The purpose of this research was to investigate the nature of the coverage of health issues in magazines, and specifically to compare the coverage in men's and women's magazines Content analysis was used to examine the health information in the six upmarket magazines (Cosmopolitan, Elle, Esquire, GQ, Marie‐Claire, and Maxim) selected for the study, with a wide range of criteria used to analyse the health information contained in them. Interviews with four of the health editors from the sample were conducted in order to elucidate some of the main findings. Unexpectedly, the differences in health information coverage are greater between the individual magazines than between the total women's and men's groups. Overall, men's magazines appear to treat health information in a more informative manner than women's, although both groups provide unusually high levels of information required to change their readers health behaviour. With this level of information provision it is noteworthy that many of these magazines have no clear health information policy, and that their editors have no qualifications or training in either health or science.

Hospital referral and family adjustment in acquired deafness.

Structured personal interviews concerning the social and vocational aspects of acquired hearing loss were carried out with 105 people aged between 24 and 56 years. The data obtained included participants' experiences of hospital referral and the level of information provision. It was found that despite the majority being referred for ENT and audiological consultation immediately by their doctors, few of them received advice regarding the best strategy for adjustment, or for communication. Difficulties in communication in the family environment existed as distance from speaker or numbers of people increased. There was also a decline in contact with relatives and neighbours for a significant minority. Deafness created a two-way problem, equally placing a strain on hearing members of the family. Irritation and frustration was reported, as was the feeling of loneliness. As the majority suffered only a mild hearing loss, the findings gave cause for concern and confirmed the need for an effective rehabilitation and advice structure.