Levels Of Citizen Participation Research Articles

Perencanaan partisipatif taman tematik Perumahan Kampoeng Semawis Semarang

This community service focuses on participatory planning of thematic parks at the Kampoeng Semawis Housing Complex, Semarang. This area has great potential to be developed into a useful public space, but currently the existing green open space is still less than optimal in its use. The focus of this service is to create a thematic park that not only functions as a green open space, but also as a place for social interaction and education for residents. The main issue faced is the lack of community involvement in planning and managing public spaces, which results in a lack of sense of ownership and concern for existing facilities. Through a participatory approach, this program aims to increase citizen participation in planning and managing public spaces. It is hoped that with this thematic park, the level of citizen participation in maintaining and utilizing public spaces will increase, which will ultimately improve the quality of life for the residents of Kampoeng Semawis. This community service aims to examine the participatory planning process for thematic parks in Kampoeng Semawis and its impact on community participation and the quality of life of local residents. It is hoped that the results of this program can become a model for the development of public space in other residential areas in Semarang.

Rethinking Open Government Data for Citizen Participation. An Introduction to a Special Issue

Citizen participation has always been considered one of the key pillars of open government: providing citizens with government information should enable them to participate effectively in decision-making or other government procedures. Despite this obvious connection between open government data (OGD) and citizen participation in theory, their relationship turns out to be much more complicated in practice, as OGD is hardly used in practice to hold the government accountable or change government policy. This introduction argues for a reconceptualization of the idea of citizen participation in relation to OGD, moving away from the ‘more is better’ approach towards a more refined understanding of different levels of citizen participation.

ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЬНАЯ БЮРОКРАТИЯ И ИНКЛЮЗИВНОСТЬ: ГРАЖДАНСКОЕ УЧАСТИЕ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ МЕНЬШИНСТВ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ВО ВЬЕТНАМЕ

In the context of Vietnam, with fifty-four ethnic minority groups and sixty-three provinces/municipalities, this study aims to fill a gap in the literature by looking at ethnic representation and its influence on citizen participation at the local level based on Representative Bureaucracy and Inclusion theory. We use the combination of three datasets the Public Administration Performance Index (PAPI), the Committee for Ethnic Minorities Affair, and the General Statistics Office of 63 provinces in Vietnam from 2012 to 2017. We run a panel data analysis random-effects model (REM) with White-Huber standard errors to correct heteroskedasticity in current years to estimate the effects. Findings support the research hypothesis that ethnic minority groups in Vietnam are negatively associated with citizen participation in the local government, particularly in civic knowledge. Additionally, the level of citizen participation is also negatively related to the urbanization, unemployment, and poverty rates of each province. However, it is positively associated with the education level of each province's population. With these findings, this study also proposes some policy implications to ensure the development rights of ethnic minorities in Vietnam.

Formación política desde la educación básica en Chiclayo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the educational policy of citizen participation in regular basic education, aimed at the formation of a student political culture, in educational institutions in Chiclayo. It was proposed as a quantitative research, non-experimental design, descriptive cross-sectional type. Based on a sample made up of 298 fifth grade high school students in Educational Institutions of the Chiclayo District, who applied two questionnaires, one on educational policy of citizen participation, and another on political culture. Among the results, it was observed that 39% of the students presented a low level of citizen participation, from the perspective of knowledge and participatory intervention both inside and outside the institution. Likewise, 36% showed a regular level in political culture, in relation to the cognitive aspect, and high in the affective aspect. They did not know the mechanisms that exist to participate in public affairs, but despite this they showed interest in political issues. The implementation of an educational policy of citizen participation from regular basic education will contribute significantly to the formation of a student political culture in the educational institutions of Chiclayo.

POLITICAL ABSENTEEISM IN "LIBERAL DEMOCRACIES" AS AN ACADEMIC AND NORMATIVE PROBLEM

The relevance of the study is determined by the significant and steady decline in the level of citizen participation in political and public life in recent decades in so-called liberal democracies, which cannot guarantee a fair value of political freedoms for all their members. In this light, the purpose of our study is to identify and reveal the problem areas of the study of "political absenteeism" in so-called liberal democracies. The study is based on a systemic and interdisciplinary approach, as well as on a critical approach, the use of which allowed to determine the relevance and originality of our research. Special scientific methods were also used: content analysis and the method of reconstruction. They allowed us to critically rethink the existing approaches to the study of "political absenteeism" and "electoral absenteeism". It turns out that so-called liberal democracies do not currently guarantee a fair price for political freedoms for their poorest (and usually less enlightened and younger) members. "Liberal democracies" may no longer be able (or, indeed, willing) to provide the necessary conditions for citizens to articulate their demands in a way that others can understand and accept and feel as citizens united in one coherent political team. There is not only a concentration of power and influence among the newest associations, but also a strengthening of the ruling "political" class, whose members tend to have a higher socio-economic status, participate more actively in various formal and informal political activities, and have higher levels of political knowledge and influence, along with an "apolitical" class whose members have lower socio-economic status, participate less actively in politics and have lower levels of political knowledge and influence.

Democratic Governance: Examining the Influence of Citizen Participation on Local Government Performance in Vietnam

ABSTRACT During the 21st century, socially equitable economic growth and sustainable human development are also goals that most countries over the world are pursuing, which emphasized the notion of “good governance”, or “sound governance”, or “democratic governance”. For Vietnam, how to promote and strengthen democratic governance must be one of the most crucial issues to achieve Sustainable Development Goals. This study is innovative as applying democratic governance to examine the influence of citizen participation on the performance of local governments in Vietnam with four different aspects: economic, institutional, political, and administrative. We employ Random Effect Model (REM) to test six hypotheses developed from the literature review. The secondary data come from four sources, including The Public Administration Performance Index, the Provincial Competitiveness Index, the Public Administration Reform Index, and the General Statistics Office of 63 provinces of Vietnam from 2012 to 2017. Some major findings: (1) citizen participation at the local level has mixed effects on institutional, administrative, and political performances; and has no significant effect on economic performance. In other words, citizen participation is positively associated with institutional and political performances but is negatively associated with individual province’s administrative performance. Particularly, under the effect of citizen participation, institutional performance can be improved more intensified than political performance. (2) The efficiency of government spending/per capita, the disparities between the Kinh people and ethnic minorities, and the regional differences between the North and the South, all of these factors influence the level of citizen participation and the performance of local government in Vietnam. This study supplements very limited literature and provides several policy implications concerning democratic governance for policymakers in Vietnam.

Communication Platforms for Cities: Critical Analysis of Management Technology

Development of digital technologies creates opportunities for the implementation of new forms and innovative methods into the state management system. For a long time, public administration specialists have discussed vividly the idea of an electronic state (e-government), as well as have de bated the advantages and disadvantages of specific digital technologies. Recently, urban communication platforms have become very popular, which indicates that the involvement of citizens into the public administration processes. In recent years, there has been a transition from a model of simple informing and providing public services with digital format to a model of active involvement of citizens through the so-called state platforms. The idea of “the state as a platform” involves the creation of digital platforms to attract business and civil society to receive services, organize discussions and votes on various issues, as well as exchange goods created by both state and non-state producers. The article provides an overview and analysis of existing urban communication platforms in Russia and abroad. To this end, the article used the method of comparative analysis of urban communication platforms based on the criterion of functional features. It was found that today in Russia there are four types of urban communication platforms, which differ in their goals and functionality. The article substantiates the following typology: (1) platforms (sections of sites, pages) of citizens’ appeals; (2) portals of urban (regional) problems; (3) portals for evaluating initiatives; (4) public participation portals / platforms. Communication platforms have been created in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation, but the level of citizen participation in their activities varies greatly. The article analyzes the obstacles to the development of urban communication platforms.

Testing Citizen Satisfaction in the Local Government: Focusing on the Vision 2020 Umurenge Program in Rwanda

It is very important for public administration scholars and practitioners to understand how citizens form judgments regarding programs implemented at the local government level. The expectancy disconfirmation model of citizen satisfaction (EDM) focuses on comparing performance and expectations and was found important to understand that. This study tests the application of the expectancy disconfirmation model of citizen satisfaction in the local government of Rwanda focusing on the Vision 2020 Umurenge Program (VUP), which is a flagship of the social protection programs in Rwanda since 2008. It predicts that satisfaction with the program may increase the level of citizen participation. Data was collected from 379 VUP beneficiaries of the program in the Gicumbi district of Rwanda using an online survey questionnaire. We applied the Structural Equation Model and correlation analysis to analyze the data. The results found EDM applicable to how citizen forms judgment about satisfaction with VUP where there is a positive relationship between expectations and actual performance of the program (positive disconfirmation) and a positive influence of EDM with VUP to citizen participation. The study suggests that the governments should take into consideration the citizens’ feedback so as to meet their expectations and their satisfaction which may increase the level of citizen participation.

Kewarganegaraan dan Kesehatan: Partisipasi Warga dalam Penanganan Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia

This article aims to parse and identify the participation of citizens in handling the coronavirus pandemic in Indonesia. This article tries to “unfold” an overview of the relationship between citizenship studies and health. This research was conducted by a qualitative approach and descriptive design. Collecting data were obtained by using observation, documents study, interview, and literature study technique that was held on during January until Mei 2020. The data obtained were then analyzed by an interactive model. The research result shows that citizen has a central rule for handling the spread of corona virus. Citizen participation for handling COVID-19 conducted by educating people about coronavirus and COVID-19, and preventive measures. Another participation form is direct philanthropy action. Citizen participation for handling COVID-19 in Indonesia. Categories Level of citizen participation in Indonesia is the degree of citizen power. Urgent to develop synergy between state and citizen to improve the highest standard, comprehensive, and sustainable health.

Producción de nucleoelectricidad y resistencias sociales: tres décadas de reclamos por una «Córdoba no nuclear»

En este trabajo se estudian las acciones de resistencia a la tecnología nuclear en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, a partir de la descripción y el análisis de episodios contenciosos que emergen en torno al proceso productivo de la nucleoelectricidad desde el retorno a la democracia en 1983 hasta la actualidad. Se identifican actores, argumentos y formas en que se implementa la resistencia al desarrollo de la tecnología nuclear, así como también las consecuencias y resultados que ha producido. Se sostiene que las acciones de resistencia a la tecnología nuclear en Córdoba se han desarrollado con diversos niveles de participación ciudadana y visibilidad en la esfera pública durante más tres décadas. Durante este período, han impulsado controversias por la producción de energía, la cuestión ambiental y promovido impactos sobre procesos tecnológicos y el hacer colectivo de reclamos.

Acción colectiva virtual y espacios de participación ciudadana de los jóvenes en Nicaragua


 El presente trabajo analiza la relación existente entre el uso de redes sociales y los niveles de participación ciudadana. En concreto, se explora si la participación ciudadana de los jóvenes en Nicaragua está relacionada con el uso de las diferentes redes sociales como mecanismo de interacción virtual y generación de espacios en la construcción de una consciencia crítica necesaria para el fortalecimiento de la Democracia. Para el estudio, se hace uso de la metodología cualitativa, teniendo como herramienta de recolección de datos la entrevista a profundidad. El muestreo estuvo acotado al proceso de interacción de los participantes, la riqueza de la información y la saturación de esta, conformando una muestra final de 10 entrevistas a líderes de movimientos universitarios en Nicaragua. El resultado de la investigación destaca la preferencia de los medios tecnológicos, aplicaciones (apps) y redes sociales virtuales para informar y compartir contenido relevante para la vida política y social, junto al desinterés del ciudadano joven a participar por medios convencionales en los asuntos públicos.

Testing Citizen Satisfaction in the Local Government: Focusing on the Vision 2020 Umurenge Program in Rwanda

Public administration scholars and practitioners need to understand how citizens form judgments regarding programs implemented at the local government level. The expectancy disconfirmation model of citizen satisfaction (EDM) focuses on comparing performance and expectations and was found important to understand that. This study tests the application of the expectancy disconfirmation model of citizen satisfaction in the local government of Rwanda focusing on the Vision 2020 Umurenge Program (VUP), which is a flagship of the social protection programs in Rwanda since 2008. It predicts that satisfaction with the program may increase the level of citizen participation. Data was collected from 379 VUP beneficiaries of the program in the Gicumbi district of Rwanda using an online survey questionnaire. We applied the Structural Equation Model and correlation analysis to analyze the data. The results found EDM applicable to how citizen forms a judgment about satisfaction with VUP where there is a positive relationship between expectations and actual performance of the program (positive disconfirmation) and positive influence of EDM with VUP to citizen participation. The study suggests that the governments should take into consideration the citizens’ feedback so as to meet their expectations and their satisfaction which may increase the level of citizen participation.

РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ РЕФОРМИ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ СЛУЖБИ ЩОДО БІЛЬШОЇ УЧАСТІ ГРОМАДЯН В ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСАХ ДЛЯ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ТА ЄВРОАТЛАНТИЧНОЇ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ

The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of civil service reform to increase citizen participation in investment processes for European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine. Methodology. Various forms of citizen participation in public administration processes, which allows to form a good balance of advantages and disadvantages in this process for the implementation of European integration reforms is based on the methods of theoretical generalization, grouping and comparison have been researched. The analysis of the main advantages and disadvantages of promoting citizen participation in public administration processes is based on the methodology of system analysis and synthesis. Results. It was identified on the basis of the analysis of the main advantages and disadvantages that the advantages of citizen participation in public administration processes far outweigh the disadvantages to ensure better quality of services and living standards of citizens. The main shortcomings of citizen participation in public administration processes have been studied, which will help solve the problems of citizen participation in public administration processes in the context of European integration. Various forms of citizen participation in public administration processes have been developed in order to form a good balance of advantages and disadvantages in this process in order to implement European integration reforms. Different levels of citizen participation in public administration processes are analyzed, which contributes to the effective involvement of citizens in public administration processes for the implementation of European integration reforms. It was found that supporting the processes of socio-economic reform of the civil service through the strategy of public administration will help to implement the main European administrative reforms of public administration in Ukraine. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that supporting the transformation processes in Ukraine by investing in civil service reform helps to build the basic European principles of public administration in Ukraine. It is substantiated that measures to support civil society will be possible due to the training of civil servants, which will provide an opportunity to build the stable and efficient economy of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The expediency of creating different levels of citizen participation in public administration processes is substantiated: informing, consulting, recommendations, joint development of plans, joint decisions, delegation. Practical significance. The results of the study form the scientific and practical basis for conducting various analytical and forecasting studies in terms of justifying greater participation of citizens in investment processes of public administration.

Principles of personal data minimization and accuracy during the use of the distributed ledger technology (blockchain) (administrative and legal aspects)

The use of citizens` and legal entities` personal information is crucial for the protection of human rights at the current stage of society and information technology development. On the one hand, a high-quality system of processing and using this information can increase the level of citizen participation in government-making processes and assist on creating a human-centric approach in public administration, when the state will have all the necessary information to serve citizens (providing of all administrative services online, use of analytics to improve infrastructure, etc.). On the other hand, misuse and unauthorized access to personal data can lead to violations of citizens' rights, corruption and excessive bureaucracy in administrative procedures.At the same time, approaches to the protection of personal data should be not formal, but purely practical. The state policy should be based on the solution of real problems, which often require a complete revision of the systematic approaches, in this case the infrastructure of the state registers.Modern information technologies make it possible to implement large-scale changes in the business processes of collecting, storing and processing personal data of citizens. Moreover, such approaches make it possible to reduce bureaucratic burdens and minimize corruption risks.Distributed registry technology is a popular solution for improving the performance of government processes and enhancing eGovernment in the country. However, its application requires a proper assessment of the problem and its origins, as well as the outcomes that should be achieved

Citizen Participation in the Democratic Process in West Papua (The Study on the Waisai Community of Raja Ampat Regency)

This study examines how citizen participation in the democratic process in West Papua Province, especially the Waisai community in Raja Ampat Regency. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using observations and interviews as data collection techniques. The results of the study indicated that the level of citizen participation was highly dependent on the process of political education provided. The role of electoral institutions was still not optimal in providing political understanding to the public. Citizen participation in democratic processes such as legislative and regional head elections was still not optimal. Thus, citizen understanding of the democratic process needs to be improved to reach awareness in building democratic values in West Papua Province.

Supply Chain Analysis of Tourism Social Enterprises in Bejiharjo Tourism Village

Bejiharjo Tourism Village was established as a tourist destination in 2010. The development of CBTIs as a form of community social enterprise is considered important because the company is expected to foster economic, socio-cultural and environmental harmonization. Development of tourist destinations in the village of Bejiharjo is the opposite. Based on an analysis of the performance of tourist supply chain (TSC) management, the level of citizen participation, the number of tourists, and tourism income increased dramatically in the beginning of the growth. However, in recent developments, the level of participation is no longer in line with the number of tourist visits and income. In fact, social companies operate on limited, inefficient management performance, poor tourism services, and tourist disaffection. This is due to the weakness of social companies in managing TSC. The company faces various scarcities and weaknesses in developing strategies and management of each chain. This can be seen from the weak source of empowerment strategy, enterprise management, development and innovation of tourism products and tourist services. Government policies tend to be ineffective, have unclear rules, and are accompanied by difficulties in establishing rules and agreements between companies. The entire process of TSC management has made social companies face conflict among enterprise and landlord and the performance fell sharply. Furthermore, this condition might marginalize and disadvantage the destination. This is a big challenge for the process and purpose of the community social enterprises

The Political Geography of ACA Marketplaces: How Political Behavior Can Help Explain Where the ACA Works, and Where it Doesn't

Political partisanship can influence whether individuals enroll in government programs. In particular, Republicans, ceteris paribus, are less likely to enroll in Affordable Care Act individual marketplace insurance than Democrats. The logic of adverse selection suggests low uptake amongst Republicans would generally put upward pressure on marketplace premiums, especially in geographic areas with more Republican partisans. I provide empirical evidence that insurers have increased marketplace premiums at higher rates in areas with more Republican voters. A variety of robustness checks indicate that a meaningful portion of the variation in premium growth is driven by partisanship and not confounding factors. This finding suggests political polarization threatens the successful implementation of policies that rely on high levels of citizen participation.

Participatory Urban Governance in Bangladesh

The discourses of governance played a crucial role in shaping the institutional space of participation. However, the forms and structure of such discourses have given rise to debates on their appropriateness to reflect socio-political dynamics of South Asian countries and engaging citizens effectively. In recent years, participation in planning projects has been significantly low, indicating a significant gap between theory and practice. An in-depth investigation on embedded factors that affect participatory governance process can address this gap. In this article, I emphasize the theoretical foundations and practice shaping participatory urban development in developing countries. Effort has been made to reconnect planning practice with other cross-disciplinary issues such as policy research, public administration, political science and social science by investigating and analyzing the institutional and socio-political settings in Bangladesh. It further examines their strategic impacts on shaping the gap between expected and achieved levels of citizen engagements in urban planning projects. The study suggests that ineffective planning administration and public apathy derived from bureaucracy and top-down planning approach jointly lead to low level of citizen participation. In addition, parallel governance system based on informal socio-political network between privileged citizens and decision-makers leaves the formal governance system inactive.

Engaging Citizen Participation—A Result of Trusting Governmental Institutions and Politicians in the Portuguese Democracy

Public participation is a mainstay of democracy. However, the ways in which it can be understood inevitably influence the achievement of the goals that preside over any public policy. Literature argues that the drawbacks of citizen participation are directly related to the level of trust in governmental institutions and in politicians. The present study was carried out on a sample of 250 individuals and aimed to (1) describe citizens’ opinions and trust in politicians and government institutions; and (2) demonstrate that healthy levels of citizen engagement in politics may be upheld as long as citizens trust their political institutions and leaders, through a case study of Portugal’s democratic system. The current study found no statistically significant association between political participation and the study participant’s perception that government representatives heard (p = 0.769) or considered (p = 0.810) their opinions. Similarities were found between the participants’ assessments of the quality of life brought about by the decisions of those in power and the levels of citizen participation around land planning and land management (p = 0.011). Also, citizen assessments of life quality were influenced by their understanding of political decisions (p = 0.014). Effective communication between citizens and politicians will allow both to better understand the aims of political policy. When citizens believe that politicians are honest, show moral leadership and demonstrate integrity, and that these values are upheld by public institutions, a common aspiration can be realized: improving the quality of life.

About Opportunities Forming the Effective Public Management System in Russia of Sustainable Social and Economic Development of the Territories

Increasing the problems of social and economic development due to the insufficient level of efficiency of activity of central and local authorities require forming the public management system based on the principles of modern public administration. The strategic goal of the operation of public management system is providing sustainable development of the territories and improvement of quality of living of citizens. The methodological approaches to the formation of modern public management systems examined in this research, and on this basis the interdisciplinary approach is substantiated, it combine economic, sociological, anthropological, ecological, biospherecentrical, political and legal approaches; paradigm and principles of public management in the context of the concept of sustainable development (strategic compliance, balancing social and economic processes, transparency, legitimacy, democracy, freedom and equality in access to information and knowledge, strategic partnership between the government, the public and businesses providing steady feedback and involvement in the process of management all interested parties). The implementation of these principles will ensure sustainable development of the regions and improving the quality of living of citizens. The directions of institutionalizing the relationship of public management entities in Russia with the development of information society and also such public management tools as e-government, e-budget, and the budget for the citizens are considered. However, maintenance of transparency and efficiency of activity of central and local authorities and increase the level of citizen participation in the management of sustainable social and economic development of the territories is possible only under the condition of overcoming mental limitations and creation new value orientations for all public management entities.