Level Of Welfare Research Articles

Analysis the Deficiency of China's Maternity Leave System Between China and the United States

Abstract: This paper compares the welfare system of China and the United States, the welfare content for both genders, aims of policy and policy effects. The comparison results show that the laws and regulations of China's maternity leave system are more unified. Second, there is a significant lack of parental leave for parents to support and care for their children. Third, the incidence of postpartum depression among Chinese women is increasing from year to year and is more common than that in the United States. Among the four comparative indicators, the two countries only show a more obvious consistency in the legislative objectives of the birth policy. This paper suggests that China should draw lessons from the unpaid maternity leave of the US federal government and appropriately improve the welfare level while maintaining the paid maternity leave policy. The maternity leave time of female workers should be extended. Male workers should enjoy father leave. In addition, new future government policies will need to include a mandatory requirement, requiring that parents have to exercise their respective powers to take parental leave and family leave. If the holiday cannot be used up before employees return to work, the surplus ought to be left for future use. In this way, employment equity and gender equality will be improved to a great extent.

Public Services in the Field of Basic Health for Mothers and Children in Talawaan District, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province

Maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate are an indication of the low level of population welfare. Likewise, the high disparity in socio-economic levels - rich and poor, between regions and between urban and rural areas. Therefore, health services for mothers and children are the main priority in health development. The government at all levels of government has established and implemented health programs for mothers and children. However, it has not provided a good impact on the aspect of basic public services. Health services for mothers and children through integrated service posts are more visible at the village level and require serious attention from the government because they are very far from health service centers such as regional hospitals. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe and explain basic public health services for mothers and children in Talawaan District, North Minahasa Regency. This study is considered important from the aspect of public health and related to strengthening social capital in the superior fields of social humanities, arts and culture as well as the development and strengthening of institutional systems, health policies, and community empowerment in the superior fields of health and medicine in the Sam Ratulangi University research strategy plan. Data were collected through interviews with the Head of the Health Service and Health Center, Posyandu officers and pregnant mothers and those with toddlers. Observations were made by looking directly at basic health services in Talawaan District. Secondary data were collected during health service activities and conducting electronic searches on Google Scholar and ResearchGate. The analysis was carried out based on the stages of reduction, interpretation, drawing conclusions and verification/triangulation. The research findings that public services in the field of basic health are accessible, acceptable, fair and safe for mothers and children but are not yet fully efficient and effective in their implementation. The concept found from this study is that the community needs basic health services for mothers and children that are easy to access and accept, fair to all levels of society and medically safe. While the principles of efficiency and effectiveness are more about the interests of the organization in the use of resources and achieving goals.

From One Heath to One Sustainability: The Role of Contagious Mastitis Pathogens in Decreasing the Dairy Herd Sustainability.

Economic, social, and environmental sustainability are the results of efforts aiming to improve all aspects of milk production, respecting animal welfare and improving herd health. An epidemiological study was designed to assess the role of contagious pathogens (S. aureus and S. agalactiae) in a cohort of 120 dairy herds located in the southern regions of Italy. Milk quality was assessed using certified methods, and the prevalence of mastitis pathogens in bulk tank milk was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Welfare scores were assessed using a scoring card that has more than 100 items, including animal-based measurements. Statistical analyses were performed using general lineal model and logistic regression procedures. The results showed that S. aureus had a significant negative effect on the amount of milk nutrients delivered to the dairy plant, and on the level of welfare, whereas the presence of S. agalactiae did not show any significant association. The major risk factors associated with the presence of S. aureus were also identified to help prioritize control programs. These results support the "One Sustainability" approach, implying that an increase in animal productivity is related to the improvement of animal health and welfare and potentially leading to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.

Exploring longitudinal associations between farmer wellbeing and the welfare of their livestock. The HUNT Study, Norway

The One Welfare approach acknowledges the interrelationships between human wellbeing and animal welfare. Early research has suggested associations between stockperson wellbeing and livestock welfare, however these scenarios are complex and challenging to untangle.In this study, we utilised merged data from over 700 farms to explore associations between farmer wellbeing and livestock welfare. The farms were engaged in cattle, sheep, and/or swine production in Norway between 2017 and 2020. The farmers participated in a general population-based health survey, and livestock welfare was measured using routinely collected, animal-based abattoir observations of over 480,000 animals. We determined a farm’s overall livestock welfare relative to the other farms and calculated within-farm differences in this relative welfare level over time. A subset of enterprises (n=328) with sufficient and non-ambiguous farmer wellbeing information were then used to explore differences in these within-farm differences by farmer wellbeing status. We found that poor farmer wellbeing — whether it was defined by anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, symptoms of psychological distress, or life satisfaction — was associated with a deterioration in overall livestock welfare level (in terms of the mean of the farm’s abattoir observed welfare indicators). There was evidence that this association persisted for at least two years.Given societal concerns regarding sustainable food production, farmer wellbeing, and livestock welfare, further research is indicated to explore the complex farmer-livestock relationship within the One Welfare framework. This study suggests that using within-farm changes in relative livestock welfare derived from routinely collected information can be a useful approach.

The Influence of Income, Family Consumption and Technology on the Welfare of Fishermen in Tanjung Benoa Bali

The high potential of fishery resources owned by Tanjung Benoa Village is a positive thing and can be a good source of income for the community. However, the fact is that this potential has not been able to provide the expected welfare. The purpose of this study is to analyze 1) The simultaneous effect of income, family consumption, and technology on the welfare of fishing families; 2) Partial effect of income, family consumption, and technology on the welfare of fishing families; 3) Variables that have a dominant effect on the welfare of fishing families in Tanjung Benoa Village. This research uses an associative quantitative approach. The type of data used primary data with a population of 140 fishermen in Tanjung Benoa Village. Data analysis techniques included descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis using Stata software. The results of the analysis showed that: 1) income, family consumption, and technology have a significant effect simultaneously on the welfare of fishing families; 2) income, family consumption, and technology have a significant effect partially on the welfare of fishing families; 3) the technology variable is the dominant variable affecting the welfare of fishing families. Technology variable is the variable that has a dominant effect on the welfare of fishing families in Tanjung Benoa Village. Based on the results of the study, it is expected that the fishing community is expected to pay attention to the technology variables used in helping the process of catching seafood owned in order to increase their income so as to be able to generate a general level of welfare.

CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF NATIVE CHICKEN VARIETIES OF INDIA – REVIEW

The total meat production in India is 9.29 million out of which 4.78 million tonnes is from poultry and the growth of poultry meat sector has increased by 6.86 % over previous year. The growth rate of backyard poultry population from 2012 to 2019 (45.79 %) is ten times higher than when compared to commercial poultry (4.50 %) (BAHS, 2022). The native chickens are slowly growing in nature and are preferred for better flavor and for the belief that natural, less intensive management systems provide desi birds with higher welfare levels, resulting in much better product quality and great demand. The meat from native chicken is more delicious and provides nutritional security and economic support for the rural and most suited for backyard system of rearing. The aim is to study the carcass traits of available native chicken in India and compare it with native chicken at Hosur. The carcass characteristic of the native chicken variety at Hosur was evaluated by sacrificing 25 birds of each sex at 16 weeks of age. The observed results were compared with the performances of other varieties of native chicken in India with respect to the parameters like New York dressing yield, eviscerated yield, Ready to cook yield, cut-up parts yield, Meat bone ratio and Giblets yield at each sex of the bird at different age of slaughter especially at 16 weeks of age. It helps to identify the variety of native chicken which had good carcass traits and could be utilized for table delicacy.

Mental Wellbeing Among Workers Approaching Retirement: a Scoping Review

Increasing numbers of older workers have to postpone retirement to be eligible for pension income. Therefore, knowledge of how to ensure their mental wellbeing is becoming increasingly salient, especially in Nordic countries, where mental health problems are the most important reason for workers leaving the labor market prematurely. Yet, no systematic overview of what influences older workers’ mental wellbeing currently exists. This scoping review aims to build such knowledge and identify gaps in the literature. Employing a multi-faceted search strategy, we identified and reviewed 23 articles. The mental wellbeing of older workers is influenced by (a) working onditions, (b) workers’ socio-economic and psychological resources, and (c) uncertainties in the statutory framework. Research gaps include a lack of knowledge on (i) how the interaction between factors at the individual, workplace, and welfare state levels impacts older workers’ mental wellbeing, and (ii) the determinants of older workers’ mental wellbeing in Nordic countries.

WELFARE OF THE FISHERMEN COMMUNITY OF SOUTH TABULO VILLAGE, MANANGGU DISTRICT, BOALEMO REGENCY, GORONTALO

South Tabulo Village is one of the coastal areas of Gorontalo where most of the community are fishermen. This research aimed to determine the level of welfare of fishermen in South Tabulo Village, Mananggu District, Boalemo Regency, using Fisherman Exchange Rates (NTN) and modified Central Statistics Agency (BPS) indicators. The research was carried out from July to September 2022. Structured interviews were conducted with 46 respondents. The data obtained was analyzed quantitatively descriptively using two approaches, namely NTN and modification of welfare indicators according to BPS. The results of the research show that based on the NTN analysis, the fishing community in South Tabulo Village, Mananggu District, Boalemo Regency, has a fairly good level of welfare and the potential to save for non-primary needs with a score of 132. Based on the modified BPS welfare indicator, the fishing community is at a medium welfare level with a score of 2.6.

The Effect of Empowerment on The Welfare of Women Micro Business Actors Through Performance in Kutai Kartanegara District

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in the economy, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Although MSMEs in Kutai Kartanegara Regency are experiencing significant growth, their welfare level is still low. This study aims to explore the effect of empowerment on the welfare of women MSME players, with MSME performance as an intervening variable, to understand the factors that influence their welfare in the region. The study uses a quantitative approach, using primary data and secondary data. Primary data in this study refers to information obtained directly from respondents or from sources relevant to the research focus. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from various literatures, both published and unpublished, as well as from related articles or reports. This study used a non-probability sampling technique, where the sample was purposively selected with a sample size of 122 Micro Business Actors in the Kutai Kartanegara region. This study, the analytical tool used was the SmartPLS version 3.2.9 application. The data analysis process involves three stages: measurement model (outer model), structural model (inner model), and hypothesis testing through the Bootstrapping method. The results of this study show that empowerment (X) has a positive and significant influence on performance (Z), performance (Z) has a positive and significant effect on welfare (Y), empowerment (X) has a positive and significant effect on welfare (Y), empowerment (X) has a positive and significant effect on welfare (Y) through Performance (Z).

Cinereous Vulture (Aegypius monachus) Welfare Monitoring in a Breeding Center during the Breeding Season

ABSTRACT One of the conservation measures of the globally near-threatened cinereous vulture is restoring populations via translocations, with some vultures originating from breeding centers. These centers need to have reproductive success, and securing good welfare levels should be a priority due to the negative implications a compromised welfare has on reproduction. Thus, assessing welfare in breeding centers is essential. Remote methods should be preferred, such as behavior analysis and use of space using camera systems. The study’s first objective was to develop an activity budget that could be used as a baseline for detecting behavior irregularities. The second was to determine if behavior analysis and use of space could detect potential welfare issues in a breeding center. The study developed an activity budget that could be used as a standard for behavior analysis for the captive population. Behavior irregularities were detected, and the potential need to improve the enclosure and its surroundings were noticed. Altogether, the proposed methodology and results will contribute to the detection of possible welfare issues in breeding centers and, consequently, improve reproductive success and species’ conservation.

How does off-farm work experience motivate rural residents’ agricultural entrepreneurial intentions in China?

ABSTRACT China’s rural vitalization is a major task in promoting common prosperity, but rural brain drain is one of the main obstacles. However, arousing enthusiasm for agricultural entrepreneurship and promoting agricultural industry development remains under-analysed. Using data from 3987 rural residents in China, this article theoretically analyses how rural residents’ off-farm work experience (OWE) affects their agricultural entrepreneurial intentions (AEI). Dealing with endogeneity problems, the empirical results with IV-Probit model show that rural residents’ OWE positively influences their AEI. Mechanism analysis revealed that local social capital and formal financial cognition promote their OWE. The heterogeneity analysis indicated that the effects of OWE on AEI are more significant in counties with lower economic development or higher social welfare levels. Furthermore, OWE particularly affects opportunity-based and outside-village AEI. The results imply that: First, the government should strengthen the county-level entrepreneurial environment, especially in lower development regions. Second, encourage good village governance benefits for AEI. Third, government and financial apartments should broaden formal finance to help rural residents with OWE engage in agricultural entrepreneurial activities.

The Link Between Disability Adaptation and Subjective Well-Being (Empirical Evidence from Indonesia)

Persons with disabilities will experience life in ways that are not typical because they perceive the detrimental effects of declining or nonexistent material well-being as they become older. As there is not much socioeconomic literature on the subject, this study looks at the different types of disabilities and how they affect people's subjective well-being in a certain period of time. This study accommodates disabilities such as hearing loss, impaired hand and foot movement, difficulty communicating, and incapacity to care for oneself. We use household and individual data to collect disability and subjective well-being information, apply an adaptation model, and empirically examine the link between the two. Our findings show that the well-being of households with disabled members is lower, although they can adapt over time to the negative effects of disability on well-being. With the exception of people who suffer from vision and hearing impairments, material well-being is not usually positively correlated with disability. As a result, stronger adaptation may help the household welfare level to recover prior to disability (pre-disability). This indicates that if adaptation exists, the negative impacts of disability will tend to decrease with time. We suggest that the government needs to give their daily activities more consideration.

Analysis of Population Change of the 0-14 Year Age Group in Türkiye (2000-2022)

Age groups with wide and narrow ranges provide the opportunity to make detailed evaluations for planning studies in demographic analyses. Particularly, population pyramids are prepared using age group data by sex. In the bottom three rows of the pyramids, 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 age group data can be used to evaluate population growth and fertility rates. In addition, age groups provide an indication of the amount of dependent and active population in a society, thus facilitating future population forecasts. Broad age ranges categorize the 0-14 age group as the young dependant population, the 15-64 age group as the active population, and the 65+ age group as the elderly dependent population. The proportional change of these age groups in certain date intervals and the reasons for which age groups are in an upward or downward trend also give an idea about the general welfare levels of countries. The current population's demographic trends guide the planning of employment, education, health, and many other socio-economic investments. Population policies are based on the proportional distribution of age groups and population projections. In this study, the change in the population of the 0-14 age group in Türkiye has been analyzed according to the Classification of Territorial Units for Statistics Level-1 (İBBS Düzey-1) since 2000. The population amount, population density, age, and gender structure of this age group are emphasized. In the research, State Institute of Statistics (DIE) 2000 General Population Census and TURKSTAT (TÜİK) Regional statistics data for 2022 were utilized. In 2000, since the Classification of Territorial Units for Statistics had not yet been established, province-based data from 2000 were evaluated and new data were created at the “İBBS Düzey-1” (CUTS Level-1) scale in order to ensure integrity in tables and graphs.

Analysis of occupational well-being and its relationship with sociodemographic factors in public workers

Workplace well-being is a general feeling of satisfaction and fulfillment at work that goes beyond the absence of health problems, therefore, well-being focuses on how individuals and groups view the circumstances and limits of their work. This study analyzed the level of labor welfare of public sector workers by comparing results between sociodemographic variables. 580 public collaborators from the Arequipa Region in Peru participated. The results showed that 64.1% of the workers had moderate to low occupational well-being. Likewise, opinions in this regard suggested the need to improve conditions that enhance the contribution to labor welfare.

The Role of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Increasing Village Original Income (PADes) and Community Welfare of South Montong Baan Village, East Lombok Regency

This research aims to (1) determine the role of BUMDes in increasing PADes (2) to determine the role of BUMDes in improving community welfare. The research approach used in this research is quantitative descriptive with data sources originating from primary and secondary data. Data analysis techniques (1) the role of BUMDes towards PADes using contribution analysis (2) the role of BUMDes towards community welfare using standard indicators of community welfare according to the 2005 Central Statistics Agency.The results of the research show that the role of BUMDes in improving PADes and the welfare of the South Montong Baan Village community has been quite successful in improving community welfare. 77% of the community (customers) belong to families with a high level of welfare after joining BUMDes, while the results of the contribution analysis show that the contribution BUMDes towards PADes is included in the very poor contribution criteria, namely <10%. To increase the role of BUMDes, the step that the village government must take is to be more active in providing outreach regarding BUMDes and related SHU distribution regulations that need to be updated.

Performansi peserta forum konsultasi publik BPS: pendekatan antropolinguistik

The Public Consultation Forum (PCF) is one of the most important government surveys because it is a source of data that can help determine the level of welfare of every family in Indonesia. The data will be used as a benchmark for future government programs. This study aims to determine the form of participation by PCF participants focused on discovering performance patterns using anthropolinguistic approaches. This study used qualitative research methods. This research data is in the form of linguistic activities in PCF activities. The data was collected using recordings and notes. Oral data collected is transmitted into written language. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using domain, taxonomic and component analysis. The results showed that the performance of information provider participation in PCF activities was “to ask”, “answer”, “confirm”, and “fill in the documents”. There are 4 types of performance that occur in the process of these activities. The most dominant performance is the type of performance I. Keywords: Performance, Participation, BPS

Effects of Environmental Enrichment on the Growth, Gonadal Development, and Welfare of the Chinese Hooksnout Carp (Opsariichthys bidens)

To investigate the effects of environmental enrichment on the growth and welfare level of the Chinese hooksnout carp (Opsariichthys bidens), an experiment was carried out for 56 d with four types of enrichment environments: low-density physical enrichment, high-density physical enrichment, low-density social enrichment, and high-density social enrichment. The experimental results revealed that both physical and social enrichment treatments positively affected the growth and gonadal development of O. bidens. The physical enrichment treatment was found to increase the antioxidants’ content, such as CAT, SOD, and GSH, in the liver of O. bidens. Moreover, this treatment was able to lead to a reduction in MDA content and enhancement of the fish’s antioxidant capabilities. Behavioral observations, cortisol level analysis, and pcna gene expression analysis indicated that the physical enrichment treatment redused the clustering, aggression, and stress behaviors of O. bidens, maintaining them in a low-stress state. In most respects, the high-density physical enrichment has more positive effects than the low-density one. In contrast, the social enrichment treatments resulted in higher stress levels for O. bidens.

Edukasi Keuangan Pelajar: Pengenalan Investasi Pada Generasi Z Untuk Mencapai Tujuan Keuangan

Every individual has a good life goal. One of the ways an individual can achieve their goals is through financial success. A person's intelligence in achieving financial success starts from how they can set goals, make financial plans, and manage their finances. Financial education through the introduction of investment to students will reflect financial behaviour that can affect their future welfare level. This community service was carried out at the Islamic boarding school of Tarbiyatul Banin, Dukupuntang, Cirebon Regency, by a Faculty of Economics and Business, Kuningan University team. This service aims to create a young generation that is competent in investment. The methods used in this activity include delivering financial education materials, interactive discussions, and evaluations through quizzes and questionnaires. This activity showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of the basic concepts of investment, capital markets, and the risks associated with investment. These results are expected to provide a positive contribution in preparing a younger generation that is better prepared to face financial challenges in the future.

Re-Lock: Penerapan Integrasi Smart Lock Menggunakan Image Processing Berbasis Artificial Intelligence Menuju Indonesia Emas 2045

Golden Indonesia 2045 is a long-term vision that targets Indonesia to become a developed country with high levels of welfare and security. One important aspect in achieving this vision is the application of advanced technology to support security and efficiency in various sectors. This article aims to discuss the application of smart lock integration using artificial intelligence (AI)-based image processing technology, called “Re-Lock”. Re-Lock technology is designed to enhance physical security through advanced visual identification, allowing access only to authorized individuals based on real-time image analysis. This research adopts a system development method that integrates AI with smart locks, where image processing is used to recognize faces, fingerprints, or certain patterns as a form of identity verification. Case studies were applied to smart home environments and public facilities to test the reliability and efficiency of the system under real conditions. The results show that Re-Lock has a high accuracy rate in identifying individuals and is able to significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access. In addition, the system is also designed to be easily integrated with existing infrastructure, making it a practical and affordable solution in supporting national security in the digital era. The implementation of Re-Lock is projected to contribute significantly to the achievement of the Golden Indonesia 2045 vision, by making security technology one of the main pillars in the country's development.

Materialisme Sebagai Penghambat Pembangunan Kesejateraan Sosial

Materialism and sich are the driving spirit of the community in achieving economic and financial security that saves a holistic and socially just welfare. This can be seen from the lives of people in materialistic developed countries, where the level of social stress is higher, economic inequality widens, horizontal conflict is rife. This research uses Pierre Felix Bourdieu's social theory in seeing people trust the expenditure of material with other values, such as spiritual and cultural values that are no less urgent as elements of social welfare development. This study found that materialism on the one hand has a positive effect, where people are encouraged to use material standards in measuring the level of welfare they expect. On the other hand, materialism closes the presence of values such as spirituality, local wisdom and agriculture in completing more holistic welfare standards.