Level Of Student Motivation Research Articles

Study of Student Motivation on English Learning IN SMUN 1 Teminabuan, Sorong, West Papua

This study aims to investigate factors that affect the level of student motivation in English subjects. Researcher describe the same conditions that have occurred in the Teminabuan district, West Papua. In this area, students experience difficulties in learning English, especially in communication or conversation. Researcher used qualitative research methods, because they fit perfectly with the problem under study. Researcher conducted interviews with students, and English teachers at SMUN 1Teminabuan. Research data in this study used an interview that was questioned to respondents to be answered in order to get valid answers . In addition, researchers also monitor student learning methods and learning systems to measure students' abilities in learning English. The instruments used were 20 questions that had been provided. Analyst data obtained by means of qualitative descriptive techniques in the form of descriptions of phenomena that occur in the Teminabuan district. The results showed that the intrinsic and extrinsic factors were very influential on student learning motivation. Based on this research, it can be concluded that negative behavior can reduce student learning motivation, and positive behavior and increase student learning motivation.

Science Learning Motivation Among Students at Junior and Senior High Schools in Sungai Penuh: A Comparative Study

Student motivation in science learning has significantly changed during the pandemic. Consequently, it is crucial to trace how student motivation in science has evolved. This study uses a descriptive and comparative research approach to obtain a general overview of students' science learning motivation and compare the levels of student learning motivation, providing a comprehensive overview of student motivation at different educational levels. The total sample size for this study is 104 students, selected using purposive sampling techniques from two schools, junior high school (madrasa) 1 and senior high school 1 Sungai Penuh. A questionnaire on students' motivation for learning science, adapted from a previous study, was utilized to collect student motivation data. Student responses were converted into quantitative data using a Likert Scale of 1 to 5. The collected data were processed and analyzed using descriptive and Mann-Whitney U-test statistics. The results reveal a significant difference in the motivation for learning science between senior high school 1 and junior high school (madrasa) 1 students. The group of students from senior high school 1 exhibited a higher level of science learning motivation than those from junior high school (madrasa) 1. When comparing indicators, no significant differences were found in the motivation of students from junior high school (madrasa) 1 and senior high school 1 Sungai Penuh for learning goal orientation, self-efficacy, and self-regulation. The difference in motivation indicators was only significant in task value. These findings can guide classroom teachers in refocusing their teaching practices and assessing the effectiveness of intervention programs. Exploring other factors across various subjects and school levels is also recommended to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the variations in student learning experiences.

HUBUNGAN ORIENTASI TUJUAN DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN SALAFIYAH SYAFI’IYAH

Career decision making is a thinking process in selecting and determining various existingIslamic boarding schools are places where students gain and practice knowledge. Being in an Islamic boarding school requires students to have motivation to learn. One of the factors related to motivation is having a goal orientation. The aim of this research is to statistically test the relationship between goal orientation and students’ learning motivation in Islamic boarding schools. This research uses quantitative research methods with a correlation research type. The results of this research show that the level of goal orientation of students is in the high category as many as 49 students (56%), and as many as 38 students (44%) are in the medium category. The results of the level of student motivation to learn were in the high category as many as 58 students (67%) and as many as 29 students (33%) were in the medium category. The results of the product moment analysis show that there is a positive and very significant relationship between goal orientation and learning motivation as shown by the Pearson correlation results of (r) = 0.424 with sig (p) = 0.000 (p<0.05). The results of the analysis test show that the higher the level of goal orientation, the higher the learning motivation.

The Correlation Between Students’ Motivation and Their Writing Ability During Online Learning in 7th Grade at MTsN 2 Payakumbuh

This research aims to find the correlation between students' motivation and writing ability during online learning. This research was conducted at MTsN 2 Payakumbuh because it cannot be denied that there are still students who face problems in writing, including students who are not interested and feel bored while studying, some students feel unmotivated to complete assignments, and students who have difficulty writing in English. The research method used is quantitative with a correlational design. The data were collected by using a questionnaire consisting of 30 statements to determine the level of student motivation, and students' writing scores during online learning to determine the level of students' writing ability. Researcher used 35 students from a population of 140 students with purposive sampling technique. To analyze the data, the researcher used the Spearman’s Rank. The results showed there is no significant correlation between students' motivation and their writing ability during online leaerning in 7th grade at MTsN 2 Payakumbuh” in this research.The researcher found the correlation coefficient between student motivation and writing ability in 7th grade MTsN 2 Payakumbuh was 0,102. Meanwhile t-table on df = 33 and = 0,05 was 0.344. It means, the rs was smaller than ttable and Ha is rejected. The magnitude lies between 0,00 – 0,199. Thus, there is a positive correlation between student motivation and writing ability during online learning in 7th grade MTSN 2 Payakumbuh.

Between Potential and Environmental Influences for Individual Success: A Review from An Educational Perspective

The purpose of this study is to investigate the low level of student motivation in the learning process and its potential impact on their future success. The factors that affect the learning process are not limited to the students themselves, but also external factors. The factors that affect the learning process are not limited to the students themselves, but also include external factors. The relationship between these factors is crucial, as an unstable balance between them can hinder the learning process and lead to suboptimal results. The objective of this research is to investigate the impact of school and family environments, as well as the role of teachers, on students' learning motivation. A literature review was conducted to achieve this objective. The results indicate that both the school environment and the role of the teacher have a significant positive influence on students' motivation to learn, which in turn leads to individual success.

Exam Anxiety and Situational Motivation Levels of Middle School Students for Physical Education Lesson

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi dersine yönelik sınav kaygıları ile durumsal güdülenme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada ilişkisel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, çalışmaya 624 (324 kız, 300 erkek) ortaokul öğrencisi katılmıştır. Bu çalışmada veri toplama araçları olarak, ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’, ‘Beden Eğitiminde Durumsal Güdülenme Ölçeği’ ve ‘Beden Eğitimi Dersi Sınav Kaygısı Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, Bağımsız Gruplar t-Testi ve Pearson Momentler Korelasyon Analizi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) uygulanmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucuna göre, beden eğitimi dersi sınav kaygısı ölçeği alt boyutları ile durumsal güdülenme ölçeği alt boyutları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. T-testi sonuçlarına göre beden eğitimi dersi sınav kaygısı ölçek alt boyutları ve durumsal güdülenme ölçeği alt boyutları puanlarının cinsiyete göre farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca Anova analiz sonucunda ise, beden eğitimi dersi sınav kaygısı ölçeği alt boyutlarında ve durumsal güdülenme ölçeği alt boyutlarının da sınıflar arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bulgulara göre sınav kaygısı ve durumsal güdülenme ölçekleri arasında negatif yönlü zayıf bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, erkek öğrencilerin derse güdülenmelerinin kız öğrencilerden daha yüksek, hissettikleri sınav kaygısının ise kızlardan daha düşük olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. 6.sınıfların diğer sınıflardan daha fazla sınav kaygısı duydukları, 5.sınıfların ise 6, 7 ve 8.sınıflardan daha fazla derse güdülendikleri görülmüştür.

Influence of University's Role, Curriculum, and Teaching Methodologies in Promoting Entrepreneurship Intention

Entrepreneurship is acknowledged as a powerful force that drives innovation, job creation, and the establishment of new markets, making it critical for long-term growth and economic advancement. Entrepreneurial intention plays a crucial role before initiating a business venture. The study investigated the educational process by examining university culture, curriculum development, and teaching methodologies to predict student motivation levels. The study examined how a university's role, curriculum, and teaching methods affect students' entrepreneurial intentions. The study used a causal-comparative technique to explore the causal links between these characteristics and the intention to pursue entrepreneurship. Convenience sampling was utilized to collect data from 384 university students in Nepal. Correlation and regression methods revealed strong positive relationships between the entrepreneurship curriculum, the university's involvement, teaching methodologies, and entrepreneurial intent. The study emphasized the significance of a comprehensive approach to entrepreneurship education, focusing on practical teaching methods and a supportive academic atmosphere. The study highlighted teaching approaches as influential factors in shaping students' entrepreneurial intentions. The findings gave valuable insights for curriculum developers and government officials, allowing education to better address the expanding demand for entrepreneurship. The study addressed the need for curriculum modifications to enhance entrepreneurial skills and initiatives to align education more effectively with industry requirements.

Studi Tingkat Motivasi Belajar Siswa Berdasarkan Hubungan Ibu dan Anak Kelas 5 di SD N 02 Dagen

Student learning motivation plays an important role as a driving force in achieving learning goals. In the learning process, it is important to achieve a balance between the level of student learning motivation and the learning objectives. Each student has a different level of motivation to learn, this is influenced by several factors, one of which is family environmental factors. The purpose of this research was to determine the level of student motivation to learn based on the relationship between mothers and children in grade 5 at SDN 02 Dagen. The relationship studied is the close relationship between mother and child. This research uses a mixed method approach which combines elements of qualitative and quantitative methods. The research subjects were students in class 5 at SDN 02 Dagen and had been selected based on the criteria the researchers needed. The results of the research show that there is an influence of the closeness of mother and child on the level of children's learning motivation. Parents and teachers need to pay attention to and increase children's learning motivation at school, and the role of parents at home must also be carried out well

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran TGT (Teams Games Tournament) dan TGfU (Teaching Games for Understanding) terhadap Motivasi Belajar pada Materi Keterampilan Kebugaran Jasmani

Physical Education, Sports and Health (PJOK) is an integral part of the education system that provides knowledge and skills in the field of physical activity and sports. TGT is a cooperative learning model about democratic values ​​by implementing a learning model based on the agreement of members of the group. The TGfU learning model or Teaching Games for Understanding is a game-based learning model. This learning model is dynamic so that in its application, participants will gain several masteries at once, namely mastery of knowledge, skills, strategies and tactics, game rules, and mastery of the game context. The aim of this research is to analyze the TGT and TGfu learning models on the level of student motivation in physical fitness skills material, for grade 4 students at SDN Suko 2 Sidoarjo. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used by practitioners as evaluation material for science in the field of science that has been implemented with the benefits of TGT and TGfu learning models. This research uses quantitative research with a quasi-experimental method (Quasi experiment) with the design of this research using Randomized Control group pretest-posttest Design. The analysis used is average (mean), standard deviation, normality test and T test. The results of this research after being tested with Paired Samples Statistics and the T Test are that there is a significant influence on learning the TGT and TGFu models with a mean TGT of 58.57 at the pre-test and 73.47 at the post-test and a mean TGFu of 59.67 at the during the pre test and 73.23 during the post test.

ANALYSIS OF STUDENT LEARNING MOTIVATION USING THE SAVI LEARNING MODEL IN CLASS IV OF SD IT BINA INSAN BATANG QUIZ FOR THE 2023 ACADEMIC YEAR

This study aims to determine the level of student motivation by using the SAVI learning model in the Thematic subjects Theme VI Sub-theme of the life cycle of living things class IV SDIT Bina Insan Batang Kuis. This type of research is descriptive research. The population in this study was grade IV students of SDIT Binan Insan Batang Kuis which amounted to 110 students. The sample in this study was all grade IV students of SDIT Binan Insan Batang Kuis totaling 110 students. Data collection using questionnaires, observations, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis techniques. From the results of the study, the percentage of motivation with internal encouragement was 78.29% with the high category, and the percentage of motivation with external encouragement was 73.49% with the medium category, while the overall learning motivation of grade IV students of SDIT Binan Insan Batang Kuis for the 2023/2024 Academic Year was a medium category of 75.89%.

Peran Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Di Era Digital

This research explores the dynamics of teaching and learning in the Digital Era, making a significant contribution to discussions regarding the position of education in facing changing times and the digital era. Through literature research, it was found that learning in the digital era has unique characteristics, especially because today's students are the digital native generation. They were born, grew, and developed in a digital environment, creating differences in the way they obtain information compared to previous generations. Therefore, teachers, as partners in the learning process, need to have the ability to design learning activities that enable students to obtain information effectively in the context of limited time. Learning motivation reflects students' internal drive to achieve learning goals. Motivation has a crucial role in student enthusiasm, and support from teachers is an important supporting factor. Teachers have a role in improving the quality of education by providing motivation to students. The success of the learning process depends on the level of student motivation. To achieve optimal learning outcomes, teachers need to use creativity in motivating students by presenting innovative and creative learning activities.

Sports Education on Student Learning Motivation Seen from the Roles Involved in Sport Education Using Handball

Study purpose. This research aims to test the influence of Sport Education (SE) on students' learning motivation using handball, which can also be seen from the level of student motivation according to their role while participating in learning using SE Materials and methods. The participants involved were 58 students from one of the sports study programs in Indramayu. The research method used was an experiment with a one-shot case study design. The research instrument used the Learning Self-Regulation Questionnaire. Data analysis techniques were descriptive statistics and one sample t-test. Result. The research results stated that SE using handball influenced student learning motivation, with the roles of managers, referees, and match recorders in the excellent category and the roles of coaches, players and publications in the fair category. Conclusions. This research concludes that there was an influence of SE on students' learning motivation using handball. Further investigation is needed regarding the role of players who have the lowest motivation and also other affective domains besides motivation that cannot be revealed in this research. SE, as much as possible, is used as a strategy in teaching and made part of the curriculum in sports study programs because it is in line with the MBKM curriculum.

Students’ Motivation In English Learning During the Pandemic: A Study of Year Eight Students at SMP Negeri 27 Makassar

This study aims to determine the motivation of students in learning English during the Covid-19 pandemic, with a specific focus on eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 27 Makassar. And to explores the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that drive students’ motivation in English learning. The study utilized questionnaires and interviews as research instruments to collect data on student motivation levels. Data analysis was conducted using a 4-point Likert scale to determine the levels of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The findings of the study indicate that students at SMP Negeri 27 Makassar exhibited a remarkably high level of intrinsic motivation, driven by students' aspirations to enhance their understanding and proficiency in the English language. Additionally, the influence of extrinsic motivation factors showed a high level, attributed to the presence of a conducive learning environment and engaging teaching materials, which significantly contributed to student motivation. Overall, the level of student motivation in learning English during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMPN 27 Makassar, reaching 72.23, falls within the category of very high motivation. The Intrinsic factors instance perseverance in following English learning, feeling of necessity in English language learning, and the expectations and aspirations associated with English language learning play a crucial role in student intrinsic motivation. Additionally, the extrinsic factors instance a supportive learning environment, engaging teaching methods, and the availability of adequate learning facilities, significantly contribute to students' motivation.Keywords: Motivation, Motivational Factor, English Learning

Measuring improvements of the education system in the COVID-19 pandemic – A case study of Serbia

The purpose of this paper is the comparative analysis of traditional education and e-learning by the application of key performance indicators. The general objective of the study is to indicate the advantages and disadvantages of traditional education and e-learning through the analysis and comparison of these two forms of education by applying defined key performance indicators. The research was carried out in 15 gymnasiums and vocational high schools in the Republic of Serbia, with a sample of 11.204 students (the school year 2018–19) and 11.251 students (the school year 2019–20). The results of the research and conducted comparative analysis presented in this paper indicate that e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has significant advantages over traditional education, such as a reduction in the percentage of students who were sent to the make-up exam and who did not complete the school year, a reduction of the number of imposed disciplinary measures and absences from classes per student at the end of the school year and an increasing percentage of excellent students at the school level at the end of the school year. Based on the results, recommendations for improving the education process by implementing e-learning in developing countries are proposed. This paper presents a valuable resource for educators and scholars in defining the elements that can improve student learning outcomes, motivation and satisfaction levels.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence based Learning Process on Students' Tendency to Involve in Independent Research at the Higher Secondary School

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly essential in implementing innovative instructional approaches at Higher Secondary School (HSS). The demand for advanced education that integrates intelligent technologies to improve the overall educational experience is growing. Individuals that actively study artificial intelligence are more equipped to face future difficulties related to technology, society, and the environment. The Knowledge and Attitudes Survey (KAS) lacks empirical evidence regarding the motivation levels of students in their involvement with the field of AI. The main purpose of this study was to examine how students' self-confidence, peer opinions, and personal beliefs affect their willingness to participate in AI education. A comprehensive longitudinal survey covered a total of 707 students who entered in higher secondary school. The survey examined the subjective norms, intentions, and knowledge of the participants, as well as their acquaintance with AI, their attitude towards acquiring knowledge of AI, their inclination towards AI-based learning, and their self-assurance in studying AI. The participants displayed a primarily optimistic perspective on AI education, with 78.1% expressing positivity. Moreover, an overwhelming majority of 73.1 percent of participants exhibited assurance in their capacity to gain knowledge in the realm of artificial intelligence. The data indicate that a substantial majority of respondents, precisely 82%, recognized the influence of different elements, such as peer pressure, instructors, and families, on their choice to participate in AI courses. The results indicate that students' perception of social norms significantly impacts their motivation to study artificial intelligence. Students must demonstrate a heightened openness to AI learning, especially if they perceive support and approval from their teachers and peers. The desire of pupils to participate in AI learning was discovered to be impacted by their viewpoint, self-assurance, and perceived proficiency in the subject matter. Various tactics can be employed to boost students' motivation to engage in the study of AI at a HSS, as indicated by the research results. These tactics encompass the dissemination of knowledge regarding the importance of AI education, fostering favorable views towards the subject, and nurturing students' self-perception of their abilities and control. This study offers significant insights for government authorities, educators, and other stakeholders in KAS and similar educational settings.

No Roadblocks in Low Earth Orbit: The Motivational Role of the Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) School Program in STEM Education

This study presents an investigation of the interaction with a role model and school students’ interest in pursuing Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects. The interaction is in the form of a live question and answer contact with an astronaut aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Through the integration of the Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) School Program into the school curriculum as an external intervention, opportunities are provided for school students from anywhere in the world to ask their own prepared questions of the astronauts using two-way Amateur Radio. The purpose of this research is to determine the extent to which the ARISS Program is meeting its primary goal of enhancing school students’ interest in STEM subjects and to analyse any changes in student interest towards STEM subjects and STEM based careers attributed to the ARISS program. Data were collected through a mixed methods research model using pre- and post- event online questionnaires, from 236 students and 31 teachers, representing 4 schools, and 29 ARISS Volunteers. Case Study students and teachers were chosen from Canada, Germany, and the United States. Very high ARISS excitement levels were exhibited by the students and teachers from all case study schools. A t-test was used to determine the significance of student pre- and post-event interest and excitement levels, and while science was the only subject with a significant difference, there was a noticeable positive trend in the change in student STEM interest within all subject areas. There were twice as many students reporting an increase in STEM interest than not at the conclusion of the ARISS event. Participant teachers unanimously reported that astronauts, male and female, are a significant positive role model for school students, and that the ARISS program was of value to their students. More primary aged students exhibited a positive STEM interest change than secondary aged students. A positive change in STEM subject interest within secondary school age students exists pointing to the ability of the ARISS program to motivate older students. This research confirms that the ARISS program has a significant and positive impact on students where an integrative partnership with the school curriculum is achieved. This research has contributed to the existing literature surrounding the impact of inspirational expert role models on the motivation levels of students to pursue STEM based studies and careers.

Investigation of Change Seeking and Recreational Exercise Motivation Levels of Sports High School Students

Araştırmanın amacı, Spor Lisesi’nde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin değişiklik arayışları ve rekreasyonel egzersiz motivasyon düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma yöntemi olarak ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Elazığ Spor Lisesi’nde eğitim görmekte olan ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 90 (%64,7)’ı erkek, 49 (%35,3)‘u kadın 139 spor lisesi öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan kişisel bilgi formu, Steenkamp ve Baumgartner (1995) tarafından geliştirilmiş, Yıldırım (2018) tarafından Türkçe’ ye uyarlanmış, Değişiklik Arayışı Ölçeği, Rogers ve Morris (2003) tarafından geliştirilmiş Gürbüz ve diğerleri (2006) tarafından Türkçe’ ye uyarlanmış REMM- Egzersiz Motivasyonu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 24 veri analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım gösterip göstermediğini tespit etmek amacıyla çarpıklık ve basıklık değerlerine bakılmıştır. Veriler normal şekilde dağılıma sahip olduğu tespit edilmiş ve değişken grupları arasında farkın olup olmadığını tespit etmek için; ikili gruplar arasında bağımsız örneklemt testi, ikiden fazla gruplu değişkenlerde tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Ölçekler arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak için pearson korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Devamında bağımlı değişkenin bağımsız değişken üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymak için, basit düzeyli doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerinin Değişiklik Arayış düzeyleri arttıkça, rekreasyonel egzersiz motivasyon düzeylerin de olumlu etkilediği görülmüştür.

Creating a supportive learning environment: The impact of dominant love styles on students’ motivation

Introduction. The article reveals the influence of emotions on the intrinsic student motivation to studies. The aim of the article is to identify the dominant love styles, to validate their impact on the intrinsic student motivation to studies and the types of their motives in order to design a supportive learning environment. Despite the fact that different investigations into the role of emotional factors on learning have been frequently undertaken since the emergence of psychoanalysis, currently, the emotional reaction to the experience of love is insufficiently articulated in educational and methodological literature and is still peripheral. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study is formed by general scientific methods: theoretical analysis and literature review. They are underpinned by a set of specific methods: personality analysis (personalised, environmental and structural approaches), the colour wheel theory of love (J. A. Lee) along with quantitative, qualitative, diagnostic and interpretation methods (N. Ts. Badmaeva). In order to achieve the aim, an analytical and comparative review has been carried out in order to identify the links between emotions and intrinsic student motivation, as well as the main parts of the supportive learning environment. Quantitative and diagnostic methods include two surveys, used as data collection tools. Qualitative and interpretation methods have allowed the authors to determine student motivation through love styles in correlation with types of motives, as well as to design a three-part supportive learning environment based on teaching strategies. Twenty eight students in their third-fourth year of study at University of Tyumen aged between 20 and 25 years majoring in Linguistics have participated in the study. Results. Literature review has shown that emotions are a significant component in cultivating student intrinsic motivation to studies. The authors have identified and described the key components of the supportive learning environment. The results of the diagnostics and their interpretation analysis have shown a high level of love styles’ impact on the student intrinsic motivation to studies and revealed statistically significant links between prevailing love styles and motives. The dominant love styles are Ludus, Pragma and Agape. Assessment of the student motivation level and dominant types of motives has shown that 51 percent of respondents (n=16) have below average or low level of motivation. Among the prevailing motives, the authors highlight the following: communicative, failure avoidance and social motives. These findings have allowed the authors to design a meaningful model of the supportive learning environment based on teaching strategies and to justify its significance. The authors’ model consists of three main parts involving intellectual stimulation, flexible assessment system and reflection. On the one hand, these components result from the prevailing motives influenced by love styles. On the other hand, they are to enhance cognitive (educational) and professional motives. The proposed model explicates the links between love styles, motives, teaching strategies and visualises the underlying meanings of the supportive learning environment. Conclusions. In conclusion, the authors summarise the love styles’ impact on the intrinsic student motivation to studies, justify the necessity to introduce and test the designed model of the supportive learning environment. In the authors’ opinion, it will allow an educator to cultivate a sustained student motivation to studies, as well as to enhance cognitive (educational) and professional motives.

Teachers’ Pedagogical Practices in Relation to Students’ Motivation in Blended Learning

The emergence of the new normal in education has brought about the need for effective classroom management strategies from teachers and an unwavering commitment to learning from students. In light of this, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between teachers' pedagogical practices and students' motivation in a blended learning setting. The research was conducted at Misamis University in Ozamiz City, utilizing a descriptive-correlational research design. The study involved 120 students who were selected through purposive and quota sampling techniques. To gather the necessary data, researcher-made questionnaires on Teachers' Pedagogical Practices and Students' Motivation in Blended Learning were administered. The data were then analyzed using mean and standard deviation as well as Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. The results revealed that teachers' pedagogical practices in blended learning were of a very high standard, with students reporting a correspondingly high level of motivation in the modality. The findings suggest that teachers have made a concerted effort to adapt to the new learning modality and that blended learning has been successful in motivating college students. In light of the study's findings, it is recommended that teachers continue to innovate and refine their pedagogical practices in blended learning to maintain high levels of student motivation in the teaching-learning process.

Change in the Learning Motivations and Attention Orientations of Students in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Periods: A Longitudinal Study

The purpose of this research is the longitudinal examination of the change in learning motivation (LM) and attention level (AL) of students continuing formal education at secondary school in the pre-pandemic period (PreP), in the pandemic period (PP) during the process of online education, and in the post-pandemic period (PostP) during the new school year of face-to-face education. The data for the research was collected through the Persona 360 software, which is used to support guidance and psychological counseling services in K-12 and follows the development of students. It is known that the students’ psycho-social and educational developments are followed at school by the psychological counselors. The data for the research was collected through the Persona 360 school guidance software used for this purpose from 1,183 students continuing education in 9th and 10th grades at private and state schools in Azerbaijan and Turkey. Within the longitudinal research model, the data was collected three years in a row by the Burdon Attention Test, Learning Motivation Scale, and Temperament-Enneagram 9-Factor Personality Test (MEM-9). The analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0/Windows software pack and ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, and MANOVA tests. Pursuant to the findings obtained, it was found that the students’ learning motivations and attention levels changed negatively in the COVID-19 period for the three different time frames. The findings were discussed in the context of temperament and traumatic stress experiences affecting the students’ learning motivations and attention levels.