Level Of Oral Hygiene Research Articles

The association between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders diagnosis and disease characteristics.

The association between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has been contentious in the literature. To analyse the associations between orthodontic treatment and TMD diagnosis and diseases characteristics. This case-control study included 291 individuals, 192 TMDs and 99 controls. All patients underwent assessment based on a questionnaire and a clinical examination according to Axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Differences in orthodontic treatment between TMDs and controls, as well as across different TMD diagnoses within the TMD group were analysed. Patients who underwent orthodontic treatment were compared to those who did not, regarding their trauma history, bruxism, aggressive teeth brushing, level of oral hygiene, pain scores, muscle tenderness scores and subjective sleep quality. Of the 291 participants, 119 (40.9%) underwent orthodontic treatment and 172 (59.1%) had no orthodontics experience. Orthodontic treatment included: mandibular orthodontic treatment (102 subjects) and maxillary orthodontic treatment (113 subjects) of those 47 used a headgear. Following multivariate analysis among TMDs, orthodontic treatment was associated with a good level of oral hygiene versus poor (Odds ratio [OR]: 5.17 [1.04-25.59]), lower number of tender muscles [OR = 0.84 (0.74-0.96)] and lower (better) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores (OR = 0.86 [0.76-0.97]). None of the studied parameters maintained a statistically significant association with orthodontic treatment in the multivariate analysis among the entire study population. Utilising a holistic approach, this study supports the main hypothesis that orthodontic treatment is not associated with TMD diagnosis and disease characteristics.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ОЧИЩАЮЩЕГО ЭФФЕКТА СПРЕЯ ДЛЯ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ КАРИЕСА, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО STREPTOCOCUS THERMOPHILUS ЛИЗАТ И ПРЕБИОТИКИ, КАК ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНОГО СРЕДСТВА ГИГИЕНЫ РТА

Background. The problem of controlling the formation and development of dental plaque as a risk factor for the development of dental diseases is leading in preventing a decrease in the level of oral hygiene. In this regard, it remains relevant to study the preventive effects of liquid oral hygiene products with an anti-carious effect. Spray for the prevention of caries «DentaBalance®» synbiotic complex including lysate from Streptococcus Thermophilus and prebiotics, plant extracts that prevent the adhesion of bacteria to the surface of the teeth. At the same time, the metabolism of microorganisms that form plaque is disrupted, leading to their death, and the amount of acids produced by bacteria is also reduced, which increases the level of dental health.
 Material and methods. In the conditions of the clinic, a spray for the prevention of caries was tested in order to determine its cleansing effect as an intermediate oral hygiene product used during the day. The spray for the prevention of caries «DentaBalance®» synbiotic complex was used by probants independently 2 times a day for 30 days for intermediate use during the day. Repeated examinations were carried out every two weeks, for 4 weeks. The control of the cleansing effect of the intermediate liquid oral hygiene product was carried out for 30 days. The assessment was carried out according to the Green-Vermillion index using indicators of dental deposits.
 Results. Based on the results of the study, the cleansing effect according to the Green - Vermillion index was established in persons who used the spray for the prevention of caries «DentaBalance®» synbiotic complex during the day, by the end of 4 weeks was 50.66 ± 0.51. The data obtained were confirmed by statistical processing of the results of the study.
 Conclusion. It has been established that the spray for the prevention of caries «DentaBalance®» synbiotic complex has a pronounced cleansing effect when used during the day, which is confirmed by its cleansing effectiveness. Batch spraying of liquid hygiene products in the dosage form of the spray effectively delivers microparticles with their active components, and also ensures its mobility in use.

Clinical and radiographic performance of preformed zirconia crowns and stainless-steel crowns in permanent first molars: 18-month results of a prospective, randomized trial

BackgroundThe treatment of young permanent first molars with extensive carious tissue loss may often require restoration with preformed crowns. This study compared the clinical and radiographic performance of stainless-steel crowns (SSCs) and preformed zirconia crowns (ZCs).MethodsForty-eight molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH)- or caries-affected permanent molars in 20 healthy patients between 6–13-year-old were randomly divided into ZC and SSC groups (n = 24 teeth/group) in a split-mouth design. The oral hygiene levels of patients were assessed using Greene and Vermillion simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S). Plaque accumulation and gingival health were evaluated using the Silness&Löe plaque index (PI) and Löe&Silness gingival index (GI), respectively. Clinical retention, marginal extension level, marginal adaptation of crowns and wear of the antagonist teeth were assessed at baseline, 1, 6, 12 and 18 months. The radiological assessments for evaluating the marginal adaptation of crowns and periapical pathology of crowned teeth were performed at 6 and 12 months. The data were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier analysis, Mann–Whitney U test, and two-way ANOVA.ResultsA total of forty teeth in 17 children were evaluated for 18 months. ZCs had significantly lower gingival and plaque index values than teeth restored with SSCs during all evaluation periods (p < 0.05). Neither crown type resulted in clinically-detectable wear on opposing dentition or periapical pathology. One ZC was lost at 13 months, while all SSCs survived in function clinically. The cumulative survival rates of ZCs and SSCs were 95.2% and 100% respectively.ConclusionsBoth ZCs and SSCs showed high clinical retention rates in young permanent molars. ZCs had lower plaque accumulation and better gingival health than SSCs, which were consistently associated with mild gingival inflammation.Clinical Trial Registration NumberNCT05049694.

Increasing functional enamel resistance in children and adolescents during orthodontic treatment with removable appliances

Relevance. The average time of orthodontic treatment in children is often several years. However, the final mineralization of erupted permanent teeth occurs during this period. The skills developed at this age rarely guarantee a high level of individual oral hygiene. Thus, modern removable appliances (aligners) in children with mixed dentition have several advantages. Remineralization therapy performed simultaneously with orthodontic treatment is one of the essential advantages of using aligners.Purpose. The study aimed to conduct a comparative clinical assessment of changes in the enamel acid resistance and remineralization effectiveness in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with removable appliances (aligners). Material and methods. Orthodontic follow-up observation involved 59 patients aged 8 to 14 years for six months. They made up three observation groups. The first (control) group included 17 people who visited the orthodontist for a check-up. The second (21 people) and third (21 people) groups comprised patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with aligners. Patients of the second group added ASEPTA TEENS paste to their daily oral care complex. Patients of the third group used ASEPTA remineralizing gel for children besides ASEPTA TEENS paste. The TER test assessed enamel acid resistance, and remineralization effectiveness was determined throughout the study.Results. The comparative analysis revealed that the enamel acid resistance increased in patients of the third group who had followed our recommended scheme of oral care product use with a complex of ASEPTA TEENS paste and ASEPTA remineralizing gel for children. The group showed a remineralization effectiveness of 39.5% after six months. Patients of the second group who used ASEPTA TEENS paste without gel applications for six months also showed an increase in remineralization effectiveness of 19.5% compared to the baseline.Conclusion. The results obtained during the study allow us to recommend ASEPTA remineralizing gel for children for oral care during orthodontic treatment with removable appliances (aligners) in patients with mixed dentition. Removable aligners allow you to combine orthodontic treatment and the preventive use of mineralizing agents for forming strong enamel and protecting it from demineralization.

Almajiri health; a scoping review on disease, health literacy and space for participatory research.

Almajirai are male children in Northern Nigeria and Southern Niger who study Islam in the almajiranci system. Almajiranci has been associated with non-participation in formal education, abuse, poverty, and underdevelopment. However, the peer-reviewed literature around health among almajirai remains limited. We conduct a scoping review around almajiri health to synthesize evidence for health problems, draw links between findings, identify research gaps, indicate areas for intervention, and assess participatory approaches in this literature. We searched the academic literature for articles concerning almajiri heath using a framework integrating the biopsychosocial and socio-ecological models of health. We included articles in English and French published between 2000 and 2022. For each study we collected information regarding authorship, study year and location(s), study design and aims, sample characteristics, findings, and almajiri participation in research design, execution, interpretation and dissemination. Of 1,944 studies, 17 were found relevant for data extraction. These included 14 cross-sectional studies, 2 descriptive articles, and one case-control study. All were conducted in Nigeria, though one included Nigerien almajirai. No study engaged almajirai in participatory roles. Domains evaluated included infectious disease (10 studies), oral health (2 studies), workplace injury, nutrition, health status, health determinants, and mental health (1 study each). Almajirai included ranged from 3 to 28 years old. Included studies found high rates of malaria, intestinal parasitosis, urinary tract infection, N. meningitidis, and occupational injury among almajirai. Studies comparing almajirai to controls found significantly higher rates of cholera, urinary schistosomiasis, and psychiatric disorders, lower levels of rabies awareness and poorer oral hygiene among almajirai (p<0.05). One study, concerning nutrition, described an intervention to improve almajiri health, though did not provide health outcomes for that intervention. We find that the literature around almajiri health has concerned a broad range of domains, though the number of studies within each domain remains limited. We further note limitations in the geographic scope of this literature, interventions to improve almajiri health, and the consideration of demographic features, like age, that may influence almajiri health. We stress the need for further study in these areas, and for participatory approaches, which may be more likely to effectively improve almajiri health.

Comparison of Powered Toothbrushes and Manual Toothbrushes in Removing Dental Plaque among Children with hearing Disabilities: A Randomized Pilot Study

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the the effectiveness of plaque removal between manual and powered toothbrushes in hearing impaired children. Maintaining a good quality of life requires optimal levels of oral hygiene. In differently abled subjects, manual dexterity may be slightly compromised, which is why powered toothbrushes were initially designed to help overcome the slight deficit. METHODOLOGY: A parallel arm, randomized study was conducted. Twenty two congenitally hearing-impaired participants aged eighteen to twenty two of age were recruited from National Special Education Centre for Hearing Impaired Children,Islamabad. They were randomly divided into two groups of eleven participants. Plaque levels were evaluated on the first day and plaque removal effectiveness of powered toothbrushes compared with manual toothbrush was checked on the eighth day. Plaque scores were evaluated using the simplified Oral Hygiene Index and Turesky's Modification of Quigley Hein Plaque Index. RESULTS: No significant difference of Mean score in effectiveness of plaque removal between manual and powered toothbrushes was seen. CONCLUSIONS: Manual and powered toothbrushes are equally effective at plaque . More studies highlighting cost effectiveness and patient's perception regarding ease of use are required to confirm results. KEYWORDS: Differently abled patients, manual toothbrushes, electric toothbrushes, oral hygiene.

Clinical and immunological parameters of dental status in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND: Destructive processes in the pancreas in type 1 diabetes mellitus alter oral homeostasis. The first signs of a change in dental health in type 1 diabetes mellitus are pastosity of the oral mucosa and hyposalivation, which causes dental plaque formation. Many researchers note the high prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.&#x0D; AIM: To examine the dental status, cytokine profile, and specific factors of oral immunological protection in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups of children aged 617 years were examined. The main group (n=53) included patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, whereas the comparison group (n=30) included children without somatic pathologies. The study analyzed the results of a clinical examination of patients, including an assessment of the intensity of caries, oral hygiene, and periodontal status, and results of an immunological examination of the oral fluid, including the level of cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1, tumor necrosis factor-, IL-4, and IL-10) and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM).&#x0D; RESULTS: Both groups had satisfactory levels of oral hygiene, and the extent of plaque formation on the proximal surfaces of the teeth was unacceptable. The prevalence of chronic catarrhal gingivitis was higher in the main group. An immunological study showed that both groups had pro-inflammatory cytokine imbalance in the oral fluid, and the levels of these cytokines are higher in the main group. The levels of immunoglobulins in the oral fluid were also different: the levels of IgA and IgM in the saliva of the main group were 1.1 and 1.2 times higher, and the IgG level was 1.25 times lower.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of periodontal disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus was associated with poor oral hygiene and carbohydrate metabolism. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus showed a pronounced imbalance of oral immunological protection factors. With worsening compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, immunological changes in the oral cavity became more pronounced.

Antigingivitis and Antiplaque Effects of Oral Probiotic Containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 Strain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

We aimed to assess the effect of oral probiotic containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 strain on gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, and oral biofilm. Sixty-one consenting participants aged between 18 and 25 with gingivitis were recruited in this double-blind, parallel-group study and randomly divided into the probiotic group (n = 31) and the placebo group (n = 30). Fifty-seven participants completed the entire study protocol, 27 in the probiotic group and 30 in the placebo group. The outcomes were assessed after 4 weeks of intervention and 4 weeks of follow-up. There was a significant decrease in the Gingival Index, with the effect size of 0.58 [95%CI 0.05-1.10], and Turesky modification of the Quigley and Hein Plaque Index, with the effect size of 0.55 [95%CI: 0.02-1.07], in the probiotic group after the intervention. However, after a 4-week follow-up, the only significant treatment outcome was improved gingival condition according to the Gingival Index. The Gingival Bleeding Index also decreased significantly in the probiotic group after the intervention period; after the follow-up, this parameter did not differ significantly in both groups from the baseline values. In the placebo group, there were no significant improvements in the assessed parameters throughout this study. No serious side effects were registered. Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that the use of oral probiotic containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 strain resulted in a significant improvement in gingival condition and oral hygiene level in young adults with gingivitis. Trial registration NCT05727436. Funding: none.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH EDUCATION THROUGH POP-UP BOOKS AND POCKET BOOKS ON THE LEVELS OF DENTAL AND MOUTH HYGIENE IN SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN

Background: Efforts to maintain healthy teeth and mouth require special attention, especially in school-age children. Data from the Kedungmundu Health Center shows 9,491 students and 3,338 students who need treatment with a percentage of 35.37%. This is minimized by holding counseling or health education through interesting media for children. Media that has a good effectiveness value is the media pop-up book and pocket book.Method: This type of experimental research uses a nonequivalent control group design. The sample in the study were 23 students with pop-up book media and 23 students with pocket books at SD Negeri Kedungmundu, who underwent an OHI-S examination and received counseling interventions with pop-up book media and pocket books with material on maintaining oral hygiene.Result: Counseling using pop-up books and pocket books obtained a significant value of 0.000 (&lt;0.005), which means that there was a difference before and after the intervention was given. The OHI-S score shows that the majority have a good category after being given the pocket book and pop-up book intervention.Conclusion: Counseling with pop-up book media is more effective than pocket book media on the level of dental and oral hygiene in school-age children.

Effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontium

This review aimed to assess the effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontium. Original articles, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were analyzed. The search was carried out using the following keywords: orthodontic treatment, periodontium, gingival condition associated with orthodontic treatment, impact of orthodontic treatment on the periodontium, and side effects of orthodontic treatment. Studies published between 1972 and May 2023 were extracted. In this literature review, side effects of orthodontic treatment on the tissues surrounding the periodontium were identified. Gingivitis, gingival contour hypertrophy, and gingival recession were the most common soft tissue changes that occurred during orthodontic treatment. The frequency of adverse events was dependent not only on the level of oral hygiene but also on the anatomical features of the dentoalveolar system, and careful history taking and adherence to treatment regimen by an orthodontist were assessed. Before starting medical manipulations, risk factors to predict complications and determine the sequence and scope of planned interventions must be assessed.

КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА РЕСТАВРАЦИЙ ЖЕВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗУБОВ, ВЫПОЛНЕННЫХ МЕТОДОМ СЭНДВИЧА

Photocompositional materials and glass ionomer cements are widely used to restore approximal carious cavities in the "sandwich technique", which makes it possible to compensate for the negative properties of both photocomposites and glass ionomers. The purpose of this study was a comparative clinical assessment of the restoration of chewing teeth made by the sandwich method in patients with different levels of oral hygiene. In the course of the study, 49 teeth with cavities of class II according to Black were restored to 33 patients for medium caries by the open "sandwich" method. All examined patients were divided into two groups depending on the hygiene index OHI-S. Group I included 18 patients with 26 restorations whose hygiene index for OHI-S did not exceed 1; group II included 15 patients with 23 restorations whose OHI–S index was greater than 1, but who had previously undergone comprehensive professional oral hygiene. Control studies were carried out immediately after recovery, after 6 and 12 months according to the criteria "marginal adaptation", "marginal painting", "contact point" and "secondary caries" in accordance with the Ryge scale. As a result of the study, it was found that in patients with the initial unsatisfactory hygienic status of the oral cavity, even in the case of preliminary professional hygiene, the quality of restoration work performed by the "sandwich" method is significantly worse than in patients with the initial satisfactory hygienic status, and according to the criterion of "marginal adaptation" the differences are significant; the restoration of the contact point from glass ionomer cement showed its inefficiency in comparison with the photocomposite material, regardless of the hygienic status; despite the caries prophylactic effect of glass ionomer cement, secondary caries was detected in patients with the initial unsatisfactory hygienic status of the oral cavity within 12 months.

ON THE ISSUE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CLEANING REMOVABLE DENTURES

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Background: Most older patients use removable dentures and every year the need for this type of dentures increases. Improving the level of oral hygiene and denture hygiene is necessary from 42 to 76% of cases. Maintaining good oral hygiene is prevention of various dental diseases and the long-term preservation of the results of dental treatment.&#x0D; Aims: to examine the status of the issue on methods of disinfection of removable dentures (partial and complete) at home.&#x0D; Materials and methods: a literature search was conducted on methods of disinfection of complete and partial removable dentures on the following scientific platforms: Scopus, Pubmed, Web of science, Elibrary, disserCat.&#x0D; Search criteria: review articles, scientific articles and patents (in Russian or English), publications no later than 2013 by keywords: removable dentures, oral microbiota of patients with removable dentures, hygiene of removable dentures, denture stomatitis, methods of hygienic treatment of dentures. High-quality disinfection and treatment of partial and complete removable dentures necessary for maintaining their functionality. There are various methods and preparations for disinfection of removable dentures.&#x0D; Results:&#x0D; Totally 218 articles were studied. After a full-text analysis, 30 studies were selected that met the search criteria.&#x0D; In 12% of scientific works (n=5), the use of toothpastes for cleaning dentures has been studied. In 58% (n=16) of the articles, the use of special disinfectant solutions was studied. Approximately 20% (n=6) of the studied literature describes methods of using special devices for disinfection of dentures. In 10% (n=3) of the works were described methods of covering dentures with protective varnish.&#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; Currently existing methods for home care of dentures show a significant range of effectiveness, often with contradictory data. The selection of adequate methods of hygiene of dentures at home is an important issue that requires further study.&#x0D; KEY WORDS:&#x0D; Removable dentures, oral microbiota of patients with removable dentures, hygiene of removable dentures, denture stomatitis, methods of hygienic treatment of dentures.

The efficacy of the dental Water Jet, orthodontic, and conventional toothbrushes in plaque removal around orthodontic braces in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial.

Orthodontic treatment improves both masticatory function and the aspects of facial esthetics through the correct alignment of the teeth. If oral hygiene is neglected during fixed orthodontic treatment, it may lead to plaque accumulation and gingivitis. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of the dental Water Jet (DWJ), and orthodontic toothbrush (O-TH) in removing dental plaque around the orthodontic braces compared to conventional toothbrush (C-TH) in adolescents. This was a three-arm, double-blind, and parallel-group randomized active-controlled trial. Forty-five patients were randomly allocated into three groups: DWJ, the O-TH, and the C-TH (control group). The primary outcome measure was dental plaque accumulation change from the baseline (t0 ) to post-cleaning (t1 ), and plaque scores were recorded using the Orthodontic Plaque Index (OPI). The current clinical trial was registered and approved by Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000524695). A statistically significant difference was noted in the OPI scores between different time points in the DWJ group, the O-TH group, and the C-TH group (p < .05). However, no significant difference was noted between the groups after the cleaning procedure (p > .05). The level of oral hygiene was not satisfactory in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. In addition, the efficacy of the DWJ was not superior to O-TH nor to C-TH in plaque removal.

PARENTING PATTERN OF PARENTS WITH THE LEVEL OF ORAL HYGIENE FOR CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION

Background: The most common dental and oral health problems for people with mental retardation are gum tissue disease (periodontal), cavities and irregular teeth (malocclusion). This disorder is also coupled with the difficulty of the child being able to maintain healthy oral teeth independently and the inactivity of the oral muscles to get good natural cleaning of the teeth. Efforts to realize this healthy paradigm are carried out through a family approach and a healthy living community movement involving parents, especially in the parenting style of mentally retarded children. The aim of the study: to determine the relationship between parenting style and the level of dental and oral hygiene in children with mild mental retardation at SLB Tunas Indonesia, Cibitung District, Bekasi Regency. Methods: research with a cross-sectional design, a population of 60 people, consisting of parents and children with mild mental retardation at SLB Tunas Indonesia, taking samples using the total sampling method. Data were collected by examining oral and dental hygiene in children with mild mental retardation and filling out questionnaires by parents. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank statistical test. Results: the results show that the parenting style of parents of mildly mentally retarded children is mostly democratic parenting (70%), dental and oral hygiene (OHI-S) of mildly mentally retarded children is mostly with good criteria (66.7%), and there is a relationship between parenting style and the level of dental and oral hygiene in children with mild mental retardation (ρ value = 0.000 &lt; α : 0.05). Conclusion: in this study it can be concluded that there is a relationship between parenting style and the level of dental and oral hygiene in children with mild mental retardation at SLB Tunas Indonesia, Cibitung District, Bekasi Regency. It is recommended for SLB Tunas Indonesia to provide health education about dental and oral hygiene to parents and mentally retarded children outside of study hours and practice directly, for example how to clean teeth and mouth properly and correctly.

PELATIHAN PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT SEJAK DINI DI PANTI ASUHAN KOTA PALEMBANG

the pandemic, dental health interventions in the community directly in the field could not be carried out in connection with breaking the chain of transmission of Covid 19. Now that field activities have been allowed in the community, we are conducting dental health interventions at the Marfuah Orphanage in Palembang based on our assessment in February of 2020 before the pandemic, the dental hygiene of the children at the Marfu'ah Palembang Orphanage was still low, with an average plaque score of 2.8 (bad criteria). Plaque is the main cause of caries disease. The goal of PKM is that the children of the Marfu'ah Palembang orphanage are able to care for their teeth independently to get optimal dental and oral health. The targets were 10 orphans and 40 orphans. The training method for teaching theory and skills is through lectures, games, demonstrations, video screenings and simulations. The results after the activity were an increase in knowledge about daily dental care in 90% of children who had good knowledge and only 10% of children had moderate knowledge, there was also an increase in brushing skills properly as many as 92.5% of children, and there was an increase in the level of oral hygiene in children with an average plaque score of 0.75 (good criteria), then 10 orphanage caregivers can be empowered as a companion, supervisor and control of children's dental and oral health.

Relationship between the changes in plaque microbiota and the oral hygiene status during supervised toothbrushing in 6-year-old children

Relevance. Poor oral hygiene leads to plaque formation, where the number of opportunistic and acid-producing microorganisms can exceed the permissible values, and true pathogens may colonize the oral cavity. Mixed dentition is one of the critical periods in dentoalveolar system development. Thus, oral hygiene control in children is the main factor for dental disease prevention.Material and methods. Dental students of the Kirov State Medical University examined twenty 6-year-old children from kindergarten #35 in Kirov. The group brushed their teeth after lunch, initially supervised by students and then by a kindergarten teacher. The simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) score (Green, Vermillion, 1964) helped to assess oral hygiene status. The microbiological testing determined the total microbial count and periodontal pathogens by real-time PCR.Results. The first examination of children showed their oral hygiene level was poor before the supervised brushing. The total microbial count slightly exceeded the reference values. The hygiene index improved by 30% after two months of supervised brushing. The total microbial count decreased significantly (by 89%).Conclusion. Supervised toothbrushing in 6-year-old children for two months positively affects the hygiene and microbiological condition of the oral cavity, helps to reduce the plaque quantity and to change the microbial composition of the dental plaque, and, accordingly, lowers the caries risk and its complications in the future.

Overview of Knowledge Level and Status of Oral Hygiene in Aceh Besar State Elementary School Students

Teaching children about the importance of dental and oral hygiene from an early age is a long-term investment in their health. Parents and caregivers have an important role in guiding children to maintain regular dental and oral hygiene. Good dental care habits should be taught from an early age, including brushing teeth twice a day, using age-appropriate fluoride-containing toothpaste, flossing teeth, and visiting the dentist regularly. This study aimed to provide an overview of aspects of knowledge and status of students' dental and oral hygiene in state elementary schools in Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The descriptive observational study, where as many as 44 research subjects participated in this study. Observation of knowledge and oral health status was carried out univariately using SPSS. In conclusion, the knowledge of Aceh Besar, state elementary school students, is still relatively poor regarding oral health. The dental and oral health status of Aceh Besar state elementary school students is classified as moderate.

P138 The impact of cystic fibrosis on periodontal disease and oral hygiene levels in adults: results from a clinical study

To conduct a cross-sectional study on PWCF (People with CF) investigating gingivitis prevalence, periodontitis prevalence, oral hygiene performance, calculus levels and self-reported oral hygiene habits and to compare results to those of an age and sex matched control group.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ПАРОДОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СТАТУСА ЛИЦ МОЛОДОГО ВОЗРАСТА НА ПРИМЕРЕ СТУДЕНТОВ

Summary&#x0D; Currently, higher education requires students to spend a lot of energy, psychological stability and physical effort. A special place among this group of young people is occupied by students who come to study from other countries. Earlier, in the studies of Uspenskaya O. A. and Spiridonova S. A. (2022), it was revealed that the unsatisfactory hygienic state of the oral cavity in foreign students occurs 2 times more often than in Russians. A more detailed study is needed to identify the causes of periodontal disease in this category of citizens, as well as to find optimal solutions for its elimination.&#x0D; Subject of study: periodontal status of Privolzhsky Research Medical University foreign students.&#x0D; The purpose of the study: to research the periodontal status of foreign students of Faculty of General Medicine and Faculty of Dentistry.&#x0D; Materials and methods. 120 foreign students of 2-5 courses of Privolzhsky Research Medical University were examined. The simple hygiene index was used to assess the hygienic state of the oral cavity (Green J.C., Vermillion J.R., 1964), periodontal condition was assessed using the papillary-marginal-alveolar index. complex periodontal index (P.A. Leus, 1988)&#x0D; All examined patients were divided into 4 groups, depending on the course of study and faculty, 30 people in each group: group 1 - 2-3 courses of Faculty of Dentistry, group 2 - 4-5 courses of Faculty of Dentistry, group 3 - 2-3 courses of Faculty of General Medicine, group 4 - 4-5 courses of Faculty of General Medicine.&#x0D; Research results.&#x0D; As a result of the study, a positive correlation of the studied indices was also determined. At 4-5 courses, the level of oral hygiene among students of the Faculty of Dentistry is better than at 2-3 courses, and the reverse picture was observed at the Faculty of General Medicine. The results of the study showed a deterioration in the periodontal status of 4-5 year students of the foreign department of the Faculty of General Medicine compared with 2-3 year students.&#x0D; Conclusions. In the course of the study, the periodontal status of young people was studied on the example of students of a foreign department. The results revealed motivation and regular check-ups as one of the key factors in the prevention of periodontal tissue diseases.

Self-assessment of oral hygiene in children aged 9‒14 years.

Self-assessment of oral hygiene can be well-accomplished through questionnaires with questions that can logically check deliberately erroneous answers by the individual being questioned. The standard questionnaires were distributed to children aged 9‒14 years to collect information on the personal level of oral hygiene, find the reasons for not receiving correct information from the individuals and not referring to a dentist for routine visits, and determine fears arising from previous visits and procedures. Deliberately chosen incorrect answers comprised 6.3% of cases. Dental hygiene was expressed in the correlation of the hemorrhage index and the presence of bacteria in 72.4% of cases. The dentist's approach toward pediatric patients, especially young children, should encourage children to continue dental treatments and not postpone them due to pain and aggravated dental situations. The relatively small percentage of cases with high psychological stress during dental visits in this study was a positive aspect.