Glycated Albumin Levels Research Articles

The Effect of DPP-4 Inhibitors on Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

BackgroundWe evaluated the effects of two dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, sitagliptin and vildagliptin, on metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsA total of 170 type 2 diabetes patients treated with sitagliptin or vildagliptin for more than 24 weeks were selected. The patients were separated into two groups, sitagliptin (100 mg once daily, n=93) and vildagliptin (50 mg twice daily, n=77). We compared the effect of each DPP-4 inhibitor on metabolic parameters, including the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial glucose (PPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and glycated albumin (GA) levels, and lipid parameters at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment.ResultsThe HbA1c, FPG, and GA levels were similar between the two groups at baseline, but the sitagliptin group displayed a higher PPG level (P=0.03). After 24 weeks of treatment, all of the glucose-related parameters were significantly decreased in both groups (P=0.001). The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were only reduced in the vildagliptin group (P=0.001), although the sitagliptin group received a larger quantity of statins than the vildagliptin group (P=0.002).The mean change in the glucose- and lipid-related parameters after 24 weeks of treatment were not significantly different between the two groups (P=not significant). Neither sitagliptin nor vildagliptin treatment was associated with a reduction in the high sensitive C-reactive protein level (P=0.714).ConclusionVildagliptin and sitagliptin exert a similar effect on metabolic parameters, but vildagliptin exerts a more potent beneficial effect on lipid parameters.

An Attempt to Predict the Present Glycohemoglobin Level Based on the Glycated Albumin Level Measured Eight Years Earlier in Non-diabetic Individuals Evaluated at Health Checkups

An Attempt to Predict the Present Glycohemoglobin Level Based on the Glycated Albumin Level Measured Eight Years Earlier in Non-diabetic Individuals Evaluated at Health Checkups

Comparison of glycated albumin levels before and after periodontal treatment in type 2 diabetes patients with periodontitis

Comparison of glycated albumin levels before and after periodontal treatment in type 2 diabetes patients with periodontitis

Correlation of glycated albumin levels with serum lipid profile in prediction of coronary heart disease of type 2 diabetes patients

Correlation of glycated albumin levels with serum lipid profile in prediction of coronary heart disease of type 2 diabetes patients

Age-adjusted glycated albumin: a more robust parameter to establish glycaemic control in neonatal diabetes mellitus

We previously reported that glycated albumin (GA) levels increased in an age-dependent manner in infancy. In order to determine whether this phenomenon is true from infancy to adulthood, we investigated the GA levels in non-diabetic subjects of a wide range of age. GA levels of 376 non-diabetic subjects [average age, 31.8 ± 23.8 years (4 days-78 years)] were determined. A relationship between GA and logarithmically transformed age [log(age)] was analysed. GA levels were significantly positively correlated with log(age) [R = 0.865, P < 0.0001, GA = 1.77 × log(day) + 6.55]. Based on a regression line, we established the formula for adjusting GA levels according to age. We showed that GA increases with age from infancy to adulthood and that normal GA levels are demonstrated as a simple regression formula with log(age). This formula allowing us to use the adult reference range has the potential for treatment monitoring of diabetic patients regardless of age.

Glycated Albumin Predicts the Risk of Mortality in Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Hemodialysis: Evaluation of a Target Level for Improving Survival

Glycated albumin (GA) is considered a more reliable marker than glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for monitoring glycemic control, particularly in diabetic hemodialysis patients. We investigated the associations of GA, HbA1c, and random serum glucose levels with survival, and evaluated possible targets for improving survival in diabetic hemodialysis patients. In this prospective, longitudinal, observational study, we enrolled 90 diabetic hemodialysis patients across six dialysis centers in Japan. The median duration of follow-up was 36.0 months (mean follow-up, 29.8 months; range, 3-36 months). There were 11 deaths during the observation period. GA was a significant predictor for mortality (hazard ratio, 1.143 per 1% increase in GA; 95% confidence interval, 1.011-1.292; P = 0.033), whereas HbA1c and random glucose levels were not predictors for mortality. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of GA for predicting the risk of mortality was 25%. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the cumulative survival rate was significantly greater in patients with GA ≤ 25% than in patients with GA >25%. GA predicted the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic hemodialysis patients. Our results suggest that GA ≤ 25% is an appropriate target for improving survival in diabetic hemodialysis patients.

Glycated albumin and glycated hemoglobin- A comparison

The progressive complications of unmanaged diabetes include heart disease, blindness, kidney failure, amputation of extremities due to circulation problems, and nerve disorders, as well as other chronic conditions. Decades of research have established that prolonged exposure to excess glucose is the cause of diabetes complications, and that long-term control of blood glucose levels is required to avoid or lessen the damage caused by excess glucose. The process of protein glycation is now understood to be both a marker for the progress of diabetes complications and an underlying cause of many of the most serious complications.Diabetes monitoring for protein glycation, an essential element for the long-term control of the complications of diabetes mellitus, is currently managed by a combination of daily self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) measurements and physician-assessed hemoglobin A1c (A1C) levels every 36 months. Short term methods like self monitoring of blood glucose and long term methods like measurement of HbA1c have limitations.Various researchers have identified glycated albumin (GA) as the ideal marker for an intermediate index to measure glycation.Methods: 50 patients with DM history more than 5 years were divided into 2 groups, 25 with micral positive and 25 with micral negative in spot urine sample. Hba1c and GA were estimated in the patients and findings were notedResults: Microalbuminuric patients had significantly higher GA levels (p<0.05) than normoalbuminuric patients. Correlation between HbA1c and GA was very good (r=0.87)

GLYCATED ALBUMIN AND MICROALBUMINURIA AS RISK FACTORS IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem with long - term micro and macrovascular complications. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight - threatening chronic complication of diabetes mellitus in adults. In this study, we determined the frequency of DR and the relationship between Glycated Albumin (GA) levels, duration of diabetes and Microalbuminuria with DR in type 2 diabetic patients. Two hundred and fourty seven type 2 diabetic patients participated in this study. In the first examination, reti nopathy was evaluated by ophthalmoscopy through dilated pupil by experienced ophthalmologist. Based on their optic fundi findings they were classified into three groups; without retinopathy, had non - proliferative DR (NPDR) and had proliferative diabetic re tinopathy (PDR). In addition, the patients were classified in three groups according to their GA levels; below 17 %, between 17 and 25% and above 25%. According to the duration of diabetes the patients were divided into three groups. First group consisted of patients who were diabetic for less than five years, the second group consists of patients who had diabetes for a period 6 - 10 years and the third group, who were diabetic for more than 10 years. According to our results, there was a significant relatio nship between duration of diabetes and DR (both nonproliferative and proliferative) (p<0.001). A similar relationship between PDR and Microalbuminuria(p<.001), between NPDR and Microalbuminuria(p<.01) was found. These results imply that duration of diabete s, GA level and Microalbuminuria are important risk factors for onset or progression of DR in type 2 DM.

Vildagliptin is Effective for Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients Undergoing either Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis

IntroductionVildagliptin can be used in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal impairment. However, there have been few reports investigating the clinical effectiveness of vildagliptin in diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis. No previous studies have evaluated the use of vildagliptin in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The authors determined the usefulness of vildagliptin for treating type 2 diabetic patients receiving chronic dialysis, including peritoneal dialysis.MethodsA retrospective study of ten diabetic patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and five diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis who were treated with 50 mg/day of vildagliptin was performed. Clinical parameters were investigated for a period of 6 months starting from the vildagliptin therapy.ResultsThe hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were significantly reduced after baseline in both the peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis groups, whereas the hemoglobin levels did not change during the follow-up period. The mean change in the HbA1c level (ΔHbA1c) was −0.6 ± 0.9% and −0.5 ± 0.7% among the patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, respectively. The glycated albumin (GA) levels were also significantly reduced compared with baseline in the peritoneal dialysis group, although the serum albumin levels did not change. The mean change in the GA level (ΔGA) was −3.4 ± 3.1% and −2.1 ± 2.5% among the patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, respectively. Stepwise multivariate analyses demonstrated the level of HbA1c at baseline to be significantly associated with the ΔHbA1c and that the level of GA at baseline was significantly associated with the ΔGA.ConclusionVildagliptin exhibits effectiveness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis. The degree of improvement in the HbA1c and GA levels was dependent on these levels at baseline, similar to the findings of previous reports of subjects without end-stage kidney disease.

Long-Term Effects of Alogliptin Benzoate in Hemodialysis Patients with Diabetes: A 2-year Study

Aim: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of monotherapy with the dipeptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin benzoate in hemodialysis (HD) patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Sixteen diabetic HD patients with inadequate glycemic control (hemoglobin A_1c (HbA1c) level >6.5% and glycated albumin (GA) level >20%) on diet and exercise participated in the study. No patients were taking other oral antidiabetic drugs or receiving insulin therapy. Alogliptin 6.25 mg was administered to patients once daily. HbA1c, GA levels were obtained before and after 2 years of treatment. Body weight and active glucagon-like peptide-1, blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide immunoreactivity, glucagon, albumin, hemoglobin, and total cholesterol levels were also examined before and after treatment. Results: Both HbA1c and GA levels decreased after starting alogliptin administration. As compared to the pretreatment levels, HbA1c and GA levels significantly decreased at 3 and 18 months, respectively, after starting alogliptin administration. HbA1c and GA levels decreased from 7.1 ± 0.2 to 5.8 ± 1.6% and from 22.5 ± 0.7 to 19.6 ± 0.6%, respectively, 24 months after beginning treatment. Glucagon-like peptide-1 levels (8.9 ± 5.7 pmol/l before treatment) doubled after treatment. Body weight and blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide immunoreactivity, glucagon, albumin, hemoglobin, and total cholesterol levels did not change with treatment. Only one significant adverse effect, a drug-related rash, was seen in 1 patient. Conclusion: Long-term (2-year) effects of alogliptin benzoate monotherapy suggest its efficacy as a new treatment strategy in diabetic HD patients.

Initial research of serum glycated albumin during pregnancy

To explore the normal range of serum glycated albumin (GA) during the second trimester in non-gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) population and the value of serum GA in the blood glucose monitoring during pregnancy. The GA was measured in 101 healthy gravida during the second trimester and 80 gravida with GDM and diabetes mellitus who were in treatment at Peking University First Hospital between August 2011 and December 2011, in order to analyze the normal range of GA and the relationship between GA and the level of blood glucose. (1) The normal range of GA during the second trimester was 10.9%-15.3%, which was negatively correlated with body mass index (P < 0.01). (2) Significant correlations were observed between GA and the level of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), preprandial, postprandial and mean plasma glucose in gravida with GDM and diabetes mellitus (r:0.361, 0.252, 0.338, 0.310;all P < 0.05). (3) When the level of GA was 13.97%, the sensitivity and specificity index for glucose control were 78.0% and 74.4%. GA could evaluate the severity of disease in gravida with GDM and diabetes mellitus. 10.9%-15.3% could be suggested as normal range of GA for the gravida at the second trimester.

Comparison Between Shorter Straight and Thinner Microtapered Insulin Injection Needles

Many diabetes patients who require insulin perform multiple subcutaneous injections every day that often cause pain, discomfort, and anxiety. We compared efficacy (glycemic control) and patient preference for two types of needle: a shorter straight needle (32 gauge×4 mm, straight wall; Nippon Becton Dickinson Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; hereafter referred to as BD32S4) and a thinner microtapered needle (33-gauge tip and 28-gauge base×5 mm, double-tapered wall; Terumo Corp., Tokyo, Japan; hereafter referred to as TR33T5) in a single-center study. Eighty-four patients with diabetes were enrolled in a randomized, open-label crossover trial. The patients injected their usual insulin dosage with one type of needle for 4 weeks and then switched to the other type for the next 4 weeks. The serum glycated albumin level was measured before and after each 4-week period. Each patient assessed pain during injection on a 150-mm visual analog scale (VAS). Needle preference, perceptions of handling, and acceptance were assessed by the patients, who completed a questionnaire after using each type of needle for 4 weeks. In total, 79 patients completed the study. There was no difference of glycemic control between the two needles. The mean VAS score was -14.5 mm (95% confidence interval, -20.9, -8.0 mm), indicating that the patients perceived less pain with the BD32S4 needle. In the overall evaluation, a significantly higher percentage of patients selected the BD32S4 as the better needle compared with the TR33T5 (60.3% vs. 19.2%; P<0.0001). The BD32S4 needle was more highly evaluated and was preferred by the patients with respect to pain during injection, usability, and visual impression, without having a negative impact on glycemic control. The overall preference of patients for the shorter needle in this study suggests that needle length may be one of the major contributing factors for patients' comfort in insulin injection, although the other relevant factors of needles still need to be considered.

Glimepiride Strongly Enhances the Glucose-Lowering Effect in Triple Oral Antidiabetes Therapy with Sitagliptin and Metformin for Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

After approval of sitagliptin and >750 mg of metformin in Japan, a triple oral antidiabetes drug (OAD) regimen including sulfonylurea, metformin, and sitagliptin was sometimes described. However, in the real world of clinical practice, the daily dose of sulfonylurea tended to be decreased according to the warning from the Japan Diabetes Society for avoiding hypoglycemia, instead of increasing the dose of metformin for maintaining hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels with this regimen. This study examined the impact of either a small dose of glimepiride or a high dose of metformin on HbA1c in triple OAD therapy with sitagliptin in a 3-month, single-center, open-label, randomized controlled study. Fifty-six type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who had been treated with 50 mg of sitagliptin, ≥ 1,000 mg of metformin, and ≤ 1 mg of glimepiride with an HbA1c level of <7.4% during at least 3 months were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to two treatment groups who either received a 50% reduced dose of metformin (n = 27) or discontinued glimepiride (n = 29), while sitagliptin administration continued in both groups. Twenty-six patients from the reduced metformin group and 27 patients from the discontinued glimepiride group completed the study. Significantly greater changes were observed in HbA1c and glycated albumin levels in patients who discontinued glimepiride than in patients with a 50% reduced metformin dose, during the 2-3-month period than in the 1-3-month period. Glimepiride is important for good glycemic control in triple OAD therapy with sitaglitpin and metformin. This regimen may be useful for those patients who do not achieve satisfactory glycemic control with dual combination therapy.

The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis

Objectives: The potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor alogliptin improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes through incretin hormone-mediated increases in both α- and β-cell responsiveness to glucose. In this study, the efficacy and safety of alogliptin in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) were evaluated.Methods: A prospective, open-label study of 30 patients (male/female: 24/6; mean age: 69.7 ± 1.7 years) with type 2 diabetes who were undergoing HD without insulin injection therapy was conducted. Patients were administered 6.25 mg/day alogliptin and efficacy and safety were determined by monitoring clinical and laboratory parameters during the 48-week study period.Results: After 48 weeks, alogliptin had decreased postprandial plasma glucose levels from 212 ± 8 mg/dL baseline to 156 ± 7 mg/dL, hemoglobin A1c levels from 7.1 ± 0.2% baseline to 6.3 ± 0.2% and glycated albumin (GA) levels from 25.6 ± 0.6% baseline to 20.7 ± 0.4% (all p < 0.0001). Alogliptin efficacy did not differ according to median age or body mass index, but the GA reduction was significantly greater in the antidiabetic agents-naïve group. The magnitude of GA reduction was baseline GA-dependent, being greater at higher baseline GA levels. No serious adverse effects, such as hypoglycemia or liver impairment, were observed in any patient.Conclusion: Alogliptin as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic agents improved glycemic control and was generally well tolerated in patients with HD over a 48-week period.

Add-on therapy with the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin improves glycemic control in insulin-treated Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The effect of add-on therapy with sitagliptin on glycemic control was prospectively investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving insulin alone or insulin combined with oral antidiabetic drugs. Seventy-one patients were evaluated (38 men and 33 women aged 63.9 ± 10.2 years). They were divided into three groups, which were 45 patients receiving premixed insulin twice daily, 15 patients receiving multiple daily insulin injections, and 11 patients receiving basal insulin with oral antidiabetic drugs (basal insulin therapy). Concomitant oral drugs included sulfonylureas, α-glucosidase inhibitors and metformin. The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of all patients improved significantly from 8.1 ± 1.2% to 7.6 ± 1.1% after 12 weeks of add-on therapy with sitagliptin (p<0.01), and the insulin dosage was reduced from 27.3 ± 15.8 U/day to 24.5 ± 16.5 U/day (p<0.001). Body weight did not change after the start of concomitant therapy and severe hypoglycemia was not observed. The baseline HbA1c and glycated albumin levels were identified as factors that predicted the response to add-on therapy with sitagliptin. These findings suggest that add-on therapy with sitagliptin can be expected to achieve improvement of poor glycemic control irrespective of a patient's demographic profile. Stratified analysis based on the insulin regimen revealed a stronger antidiabetic effect and a high efficacy of sitagliptin when it was added to basal insulin therapy. The results of this investigation confirmed that add-on therapy with sitagliptin to various insulin regimens could improve glycemic control without severe hypoglycemia and/or weight gain.

Association of increased serum glycated albumin levels with low coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with stable angina and chronic total occlusion.

BackgroundWe investigated whether serum glycated albumin (GA) levels are related to coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion.MethodsBlood levels of GA and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were determined in 317 diabetic and 117 non-diabetic patients with stable angina and angiographic total occlusion of at least one major coronary artery. The degree of collaterals supplying the distal aspect of a total occlusion from the contra-lateral vessel was graded as low (Rentrop score of 0 or 1) or high collateralization (Rentrop score of 2 or 3).ResultsFor diabetic patients, GA (21.2 ± 6.5% vs. 18.7 ± 5.6%, P < 0.001) but not HbA1c levels (7.0 ± 1.1% vs. 6.8 ± 1.3%, P = 0.27) was significantly elevated in low collateralization than in high collateralization group, and correlated inversely with Rentrop score (Spearmen’s r = -0.28, P < 0.001; Spearmen’s r = -0.10, P = 0.09, respectively). There was a trend towards a larger area under the curve of GA compared with that of HbA1c for detecting the presence of low collateralization (0.64 vs. 0.58, P = 0.15). In non-diabetic patients, both GA and HbA1c levels did not significantly differ regardless the status of coronary collateralization. In multivariable analysis, female gender, age > 65 years, smoke, non-hypertension, duration of diabetes > 10 years, metabolic syndrome, eGFR < 90 ml/min/1.73 m2, and GA > 18.3% were independently determinants for low collateralization in diabetic patients.ConclusionsIncreased GA levels in serum are associated with impaired collateral growth in type 2 diabetic patients with stable angina and chronic total occlusion.

Glycated albumin versus glycated hemoglobin as glycemic indicator in hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus: Variables that influence

The significance of glycated albumin (GA) compared with casual plasma glucose (PG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was evaluated as an indicator of the glycemic control state in hemodialysis (HD) patients with diabetes. In HD patients with diabetes (n = 25), the mean PG, GA and HbA1c levels were 192.9 + 23 mg/dL, 278.8 + 43 μmol/L and 5.9 + 0.5%, respectively, which were higher by 43.9%, 67.04% and 18%, respectively, compared with HD patients without diabetes (n = 25). HbA1c levels were significantly lower than simultaneous PG and GA values in those patients in comparison with the three parameters in patients who had diabetes without renal dysfunction (n = 25). A significant negative correlation was found between GA and serum albumin (r = 0.21, P <0.05) in HD patients with diabetes, whereas HbA1c correlated positively and negatively with hemoglobin (r = 0.11, P <0.01) and weekly dose of erythropoietin injection (r = -0.19, P < 0.01), respectively. Although PG and GA did not differ significantly between HD patients with diabetes and with and without erythropoietin injection, HbA1c levels were significantly higher in patients without erythropoietin. Categorization of glycemic control into arbitrary quartiles by GA level led to better glycemic control in a significantly higher proportion of HD patients with diabetes than those assessed by HA1c. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that hemoglobin in addition to PG emerged as an independent factor associated with HbA1c in HD patients with diabetes, while PG, body mass index and albumin were an independent factor associated with GA. it is suggested that GA provides a significantly better measure to estimate glycemic control in HD patients with diabetes and that the assessment of glycemic control by HbA1c in these patients might lead to likely underestimation as a result of the increasing proportion of young erythrocyte by the use of erythropoietin.

Glycated Albumin, Rather than Hba1c, Reflects Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: It has recently been shown that glycated albumin (GA) has some different aspects from HbA1c as an indicator of chronic glycemic control, besides it reflects shorter periods of glycemia. In this study, we investigated whether both indices of chronic glycemia are differently influenced by diabetic duration and diabetic vascular complications. Methods: The present study included 63 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (40 men, 23 women) in whom HbA1c and GA were simultaneously measured every other month during a year. Annual mean levels of HbA1c, GA, and the GA/HbA1c ratio were determined, and the associations of these values with diabetes duration, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic nephropathy were analyzed. Results: Annual mean levels of the GA/HbA1c ratio were significantly correlated with diabetes duration, whereas those of HbA1c and GA were not associated with it. Annual mean levels of GA and the GA/HbA1c ratio were significantly higher in the patients with diabetic retinopathy than in those without it, whereas those of HbA1c were not different between both groups. Annual mean levels of HbA1c, GA and the GA/HbA1c ratio were not different between the patients with diabetic nephropathy and those without it. By multivariate regression analysis, GA as well as diabetic duration were explanatory variables for diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: These results indicate that GA, rather than HbA1c, reflects diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Reduced Food Intake is the Major Contributor to the Protective Effect of Rimonabant on Islet in Established Obesity-Associated Type 2 Diabetes

PurposeAlthough the presence of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor in islets has been reported, the major contributor to the protective effect of rimonabant on islet morphology is unknown. We determined whether the protective effect of rimonabant on pancreatic islet morphology is valid in established diabetes and also whether any effect was independent of decreased food intake.Materials and MethodsAfter diabetes was confirmed, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats, aged 32 weeks, were treated with rimonabant (30 mg/kg/d, rimonabant group) for 6 weeks. Metabolic profiles and islet morphology of rats treated with rimonabant were compared with those of controls without treatment (control group), a pair-fed control group, and rats treated with rosiglitazone (4 mg/kg/d, rosiglitazone group).ResultsCompared to the control group, rats treated with rimonabant exhibited reduced glycated albumin levels (p<0.001), islet fibrosis (p<0.01), and improved glucose tolerance (p<0.05), with no differences from the pair-fed control group. The retroperitoneal adipose tissue mass was lower in the rimonabant group than those of the pair-fed control and rosiglitazone groups (p<0.05). Rimonabant, pair-fed control, and rosiglitazone groups showed decreased insulin resistance and increased adiponectin, with no differences between the rimonabant and pair-fed control groups.ConclusionRimonabant had a protective effect on islet morphology in vivo even in established diabetes. However, the protective effect was also reproduced by pair-feeding. Thus, the results of this study did not support the significance of islet CB1 receptors in islet protection with rimonabant in established obesity-associated type 2 diabetes.

Evaluation of glycated albumin and dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetic patients with accompanied (but often unnoticed) dyslipidemia are soft targets of cardiovascular deaths. An early intervention to normalize circulating lipids shown to reduce cardiovascular complications and mortality. Now a day’s Glycated albumin (GA) is a routinely used marker for short-term glycemic control. This investigation is an attempt to evaluate the association between GA and various lipid parameters. Venous blood samples collected from 100 type-2 diabetic patients (46 males, 44 females) and serum analyzed for GA, Fasting blood glucose, Total Cholesterol, Triacylglycerols, HDL-C and LDL-C. L/H risk ratio is also calculated. The levels of GA (%) did not differ significantly between males (8.51 ± 1.17) and females (8.24 ± 1.89), whereas male patients had higher mean values of FBG and various lipid parameters than in females. Patients with GA value >17.0 % showed direct and significant correlation with FBG, TC, LDL-C, L/H risk ratio as compared to patients with GA ≤ 17.0%. There was no significant difference in TG, HDL-C between two groups of glycated albumin. These findings indicate that GA is utilized for screening high risk diabetic patients for early diagnosis of dyslipidemia and timely intervention with lipid lowering drugs.