Level Of Endogenous Intoxication Research Articles

Comparative study of the influence of colloid-hyperosmolar and protein-salt solutions on anti-inflammatory and detoxification processes in rats with burn shock

Objective. Experimentally justify the use of colloidal-hyperosmolar solution based on hydroxyethyl starch HAES-LX-5 % and protein-salt solution based on albumin Lactoprotein with sorbitol (LPS) in burn shock (BS).
 Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on an experimental model of OS in white male rats. HAES-LX-5 %, LPS solution and control 0.9 % NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg/day for 7 days were used for infusion therapy. The blood leukocyte intoxication index (LII), medium weight molecules (MWM), C-reactive protein (CRP) were studied.
 Results and discussion. In the conditions of experimental BS with the introduction of 0.9 % NaCl, the LII on the 7th day significantly increased by 5.37 times (p<0.01) compared with intact animals (0.887±0.108 and 0.165±0.098, respectively). This indicates the development of destructive processes and intoxication of rats in BS. When HAES-LX-5 % and LPS were administered, LII increased only 2.33 times (p<0.01) and 2.41 times (p <0.05) and was significantly lower compared to 0.9 % NaCl. In animals from the group of control pathology there was an increase in blood levels of MWM, on the 1st day by 75.6 %, on the 3rd day – by 159.5 %, and on the 7th day – by 128.0 %, respectively, compared with intact animals. A systemic inflammatory reaction was also formed, which was manifested by an increase in the level of CRP. Pharmacological correction of BS with HAES-LX-5 % and LPS solutions equally inhibited the development of endotoxicosis from the 3rd to the 7th day, which was accompanied by significant (p<0.05) decrease in the level of MWM by 36.2 % and 42.5 %, respectively, after administration of HAES-LX-5 % and by 32.9 % and 38.8 % after administration of LPS relative to control pathology. The use of solutions of HAES-LX-5 % and LPS inhibited the development of inflammation from the 3rd to the 7th day, which was accompanied by a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the level of CRP by 30.7 % and 35.0 % for HAES-LX-5 %, by 29.4 % and 32.9 % for LPS compared to control.
 Conclusions. It has been experimentally shown in the model of BS that solutions HAES-LX-5 % and LPS show anti-inflammatory activity and reduce the level of endogenous intoxication, inhibiting the development of systemic stress.

Experimental Acute Pancreatitis-Induced Lung Injury—Prevented with “Cytoflavin®”

Severe acute pancreatitis represents about 20% of all pancreatitis diagnosis and it has a high mortality rate when associated with a lung dysfunction. The aim of this research was to investigate the use of a wild spectrum metabolic drug (Cytoflavin®) for the treatment of acute lung injury in experimental pancreatitis. A l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis (groups II and III) was simulated experimentally in a rat population. A combined metabolic drug was used as treatment. We determined the levels of amylase, medium molecules (MM 254 and 280), malonic aldehyde (MA), diene conjugates (DC), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the blood and we performed a histologic examination of the lungs and pancreas of the rat population. The activation of lipid peroxidation peaks at 24–48 h from the onset of the disease. The level of malonic aldehyde in groups II and III was higher (39.09% and 30.99%, respectively) than that in the control group I (p < 0.02; p < 0.01), the diene conjugates level was higher by 43.66% and 42.03% respectively (p < 0.01). With medical correction after 72 h (group III), the level of malonic aldehyde and diene conjugates decreased by 17.0% and 30.5% when compared with group II (no medical correction) (p < 0.05). The level of medium molecules peaked after 72 h of the disease induction (p < 0.001). A correlation was established between the level of endogenous intoxication with the membrane-destructive processes in the lung tissue 48 h after modeling of acute experimental pancreatitis. The use of the proposed medicament correction reduces the manifestations of endogenous intoxication.

Clinical and experimental justifi cation for the use of high-frequency electrocoagulator EK-300M1 for the surgical treatment of breast tumors in female dogs

Modern medical practice shows that the only eff ective treatment for breast cancer in dogs is surgery; current developments in chemotherapy and radiation therapy are ineff ective and too expensive. To identify the types of breast tumors and their anatomical distribution, it is necessary to have a reliable histological diagnosis. In most cases, it is used because the main treatment for breast cancer in dogs is their surgical removal. Undoubtedly decisive for this method of treatment are the phenomena of intoxication and endotoxicosis. Endotoxicosis in the early postoperative period consists of iatrogenic, tumor with tumors isolated and based on a small number of observations. However, the results of intoxication and the consequences of massive surgical tissue damage are often a determining factor for the outcome of treatment. Unfortunately, reports of studies of MSM in animals obtained by us indicate that almost all animals with breast tumors have endogenous intoxication, which we detected by the level of MSM and MDA in blood plasma. In our opinion, determination of the level of these markers of endotoxicosis before surgery and in the postoperative period can be an objective criterion for the risk of surgical treatment. Monitoring the level of MSM in the remote postoperative period, in combination with other biochemical studies can be a criterion for assessing the general clinical condition of the animal for the development of metastases. Probably lower levels of endogenous intoxication and clinically confi rmed reduction in the duration of treatment are a clear confi rmation of the eff ectiveness of high-frequency electrocoagulator EK-300M1. Dogs with breast tumors had high levels of MSM and MDA, which is a refl ection of the level of endogenous intoxication and may be an objective criterion for the risk of surgical treatment and postoperative recovery. Progressive reduction of these indicators in animals of the experimental group proves the eff ectiveness of the proposed treatment tactics. Key words: tumors, electrocoagulator EK-300M1, mastectomy, female dogs, oncology, endogenous intoxication, wound healing.

Зміни показників ендогенної інтоксикації у щурів з пародонтитом на тлі гіпер- та гіпотиреозу

Досліджено показники ендогенної інтоксикації у сироватці крові та гомогенаті пародонта щурів з пародонтитом без супутньої патології на тлі гіпер- та гіпотиреозу. Експериментальний пародонтит супроводжується зростанням рівня ендогенної інтоксикації, на що вказує підвищення вмісту молекул середньої маси. При співставленні динаміки змін показників ендогенної інтоксикації виявлено їх синхронний розвиток на системному і місцевому рівнях. Дисбаланс тиреоїдних гормонів посилює ендогенну інтоксикацію при експериментальному пародонтиті та більш виражений при гіпертиреозі.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF DALMAXIN RECTAL SUPPOSITORIES (THIOTRIAZOLIN) IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF ACUTE PARAPROCTITIS

Summary. The problem of treatment of acute purulent paraproctitis is one of the most urgent problems of modern coloproctology.&#x0D; Study objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of Dalmaxin rectal suppositories in the complex treatment of acute paraproctitis.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The effectiveness of use of Dalmaxin rectal suppositories was conducted in 62 patients with acute subcutaneous paraproctitis, assigned to two groups, a main group of 30 patients and a comparison group of 32 patients. All patients underwent radical surgery. Antimicrobial, detoxification and symptomatic therapy was prescribed postoperatively. Local treatment of purulent wounds was carried out using hydrophilic ointments depending on the phase of the wound process; the patients of the main group were additionally administered Dalmaxin rectal suppositories twice a day. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by the severity of the swelling, the nature of the discharge from the wound, the level of microbial contamination, the wound cleansing period, the appearance of granulation tissue and epithelialization, and by cytological examination. Furthermore, general laboratory and biochemical studies were performed. Endogenous intoxication (EI) and its changes in the course of treatment were evaluated by the level of average-mass molecules, leukocyte intoxication index and hematological intoxication index. Statistical processing and comparison of the obtained data was performed using the STATISTICA® 5.5 integrated system (STATSOFT® Inc., USA), license A XX 910A374605FA.&#x0D; Results. The study showed that in patients with acute paraproctitis, the severity of the postoperative period is due to the severe intoxication and the development of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome that were observed in patients at the time of hospitalization. After surgical intervention, clinical and laboratory parameters did not normalize in the first five days of the postoperative period, and only starting from the fifth day, there was a gradual decrease in the level of EI and laboratory indicators, reaching the normal ones only at the time of discharge from the hospital. EI complicates the course of the postoperative period, primarily by weakening the level of humoral immunity and inhibiting the processes of reparative regeneration. When comparing the results of treatment of acute paraproctitis in patients using Dalmaxin rectal suppositories with traditional methods. The hospitalization period of the patients of the main group was also shorter than in the comparison group, and was (9.2 ± 0.5) and (11.9 ± 0.9) bed days, respectively.&#x0D; Conclusions. A comparative evaluation of the use of Dalmaxin in the complex treatment of acute purulent paraproctitis showed that the drug, due to its properties, significantly improves the course of the postoperative period, as evidenced by faster reduction of endogenous intoxication, reduction of microbial contamination and wound cleansing from necrotic tissues, faster granulation and epithelialization, as well as wound healing, thus helping to reduce the time of hospitalization.

ROLE OF ENDOGENIC INTOXICATION IN MUSCLE INJURY IN EXPERIMENT

Background. Endogenous intoxication is a multicomponent complex process due to the endogenous biological products or dysfunction of systemic natural detoxification. &#x0D; Objective. The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of indices of endogenous intoxication in rats with traumatic muscle damage in the experiment.&#x0D; Methods. The experiment was performed on 45 non-linear white rats, which were modeled with traumatic muscle damage. The level of endogenous intoxication was assessed by the content of medium plasma molecules (MMM), leukocyte and erythrocytic index of intoxication (LII and EII). The research was conducted on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th days after the injury.&#x0D; Results. It was found that traumatic muscle damage causes endotoxemia. Manifestations of endogenous intoxication are: the increase of MMM1 in 2.3 times, MMM2 in 2.8 times compare to the intact animals. The level of this indicator slightly decreased in 7 days. Simultaneously with an increase in the MCT level in the post-traumatic period, the total toxic effect on the erythrocyte membrane also increased, which was manifested by a significant increase in EII in all terms of observation.&#x0D; Conclusions. Traumatic damage of the muscles is accompanied by the growth of molecules of average mass in upto 7 days of observation, which significantly differ from the indicators of the intact group. The results of our research prove that traumatic muscle damage causes endotoxicosis development evidenced by accumulation of endotoxins in the animals’ body that is proved by significant changes in endogenous intoxication indices: i.e. erythrocytic and leukocytic indexes of intoxication and content of medium mass molecules.

EXPERIENCE IN APPLICATION OF THE COMPLEX ORGANISM ASSESSMENT IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC GASTRODUODENAL PATHOLOGY

Introduction. Assessment of the general condition of the human body is very important in the practical activity of the health care worker, because its adequacy depends on planning the treatment tactics for the patient at all stages of medical care, both pre-hospital and in-patient care. This is especially true in critical situations, where the proper assessment of the condition severity depends on the provision of emergency medical care and, as a consequence, the life of the patient. The common algorithms for the diagnosis of diseases are based on an objective and timely evaluation of laboratory and functional tests. Their results, together with clinical indicators, allow making correct diagnosis and prescribing adequate treatment, but it is much more difficult to use these methods in pre-illness states, i.e. in the early stages of disease, since most commonly accepted functional and laboratory markers are within the reference values. In patients requiring rehabilitation or preventive measures, significant deviations from normal rates are also often underdiagnosed and this is only a small list of problems that prevent the physician from fully utilizing the preventive potential. Therefore, based on the above, the need to develop and put into medical practice a simple and effective method that would objectively determine the condition of the patient's body, regardless of age, sex, clinical status, is quite relevant. The objective of the work is to study the clinical effectiveness of the algorithm of complex assessment of the organism status to assess the gene­ral state of the organism. Materials and methods. The general condition of 35 children aged 12 to 17 years with gastrointestinal lesions, who were treated at the pediatric ward of Sumy City Children's Clinical Hospital for exacerbation of the disease, was evaluated. As a comparison group, 25 practically healthy children of the same age, without chronic diseases, were examined. Assess­ment of the general condition of the child's body was carried out using the algorithm of complex assessment of the condition of the body. This algorithm is developed for the purpose of integral estimation of the general state of an organism on the basis of determination of the degree of severity of typical pathological processes ­– inflammatory process, level of endogenous intoxication, evaluation of metabolic processes, immune balan­ce, and includes an integral assessment of the functional capacity of infant organism. Results and Discussion. It was found that all children at the time of hospitalization during exacerbation showed signs of inflammation, manifested as the presence of characteristic clinical symptoms and changes in laboratory parameters: the inflammatory process of low intensity was detected in 33 children (94%) and of average intensity ­– in 2 children (6%). The level of endogenous intoxication was also elevated in all children, of whom 14% had an average level and 86% had a low level. It was found that in almost all children the phenomena of immunodeficiency and the presence of allergy of the organism were noted and in all children there was a low intensity of metabolism with anabolic orientation (34 children) and one child had a catabolic orientation of metabolism. Integral assessment of the functional capacity of the child's body revealed vegetative disorders with a significant predominance of sympathotonia (48% of children), in 22% of children there was a predominance of vagotonia and only 30% reported eitonia. Poor functional and adaptive capacity of the organism was found in 16%. At the same time, when assessing the general condition of the orga­nism using a standard set of laboratory and functional methods of examination in terms of the informative value of these indicators, predicting the course of the disease and choosing the tactics of treatment, the results obtained were not always correct, because the individual indicator did not fully reflect the status of that or another pathological process. Conclusions. The analysis of the work showed that in children with chronic diseases of the gastroduodenal zone on the background of exacerbation of the disease occurs a number of significant changes, manifested by the presence of inflammatory process, increased levels of endogenous intoxication, imbalance of the immune system, in the form of reduced nonspecific immune systemic immune system disorders of adaptation mechanisms, and conducting a comparative analysis of the evaluation of the general condition of the organism using a standard set of laboratories. The methods of examination in terms of informative value of these indicators, prognosis of the disease, the choice of treatment tactics and the application of the algorithm of complex assessment of the state of the organism, showed a significant advantage of the latter that allows recommending the algorithm of complex assessment of the state of the organism for widespread implementation in practical medicine.

ACTIVATION OF ENDOGENOUS INTOXICATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ANESTHETICS IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTHYROIDISM

The aim: To determine the features of endogenous intoxication in the blood of experimental animals in the setting of simulated hyperthyroidism under the influence of various anesthetics. Materials and methods: Rats were injected L-thyroxine to simulate hyperthyroidism, and sodium thiopental and dexmedetomidine in the setting of euthyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Results: An increase in the activity of endogenous intoxication, the content of medium-molecular peptides (MMW1, MMW2) and their coefficient (K = MSM2 / MSM1) were observed in the erythrocytes of experimental animals with hyperthyroidism. A significant difference in the rates of endogenous intoxication with the use of sodium thiopental and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in the setting of euthyroidism and hyperthyroidism has been determined. Conclusions: In experimental hyperthyroidism in rats, an increase in the level of endogenous intoxication has been determined, which is indicated by an increase in the permeability of erythrocyte membranes and an increase in the level of macromolecular fractions of medium-weight molecules in the blood.The use of sodium thiopental and dexmedetomidine in the setting of euthyroidism and hyperthyroidism is accompanied by pronounced changes in the body of experimental animals, namely: increased endogenous intoxication, which deepens the destructive changes in the organs and systems of experimental animals.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕПАРАТА "ГЕПАТОН" НА РЕАКЦИИ ПЕРЕКИСНОГО ОКИСЛЕНИЯ ЛИПИДОВ

The composition of the drug "Hepaton" includes many bioactive compounds that provide the antioxidant properties of the drug, manifested by the neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the breakaway chain free radical reactions. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the Hepaton preparation on lipid peroxidation reactions in laboratory rats. Evaluation of the antioxidant effect of the drug was carried out on twenty laboratory rats of both sexes with a body weight of 180-220 g, divided into 2 groups. Acute toxic hepatitis in rats was induced by a single intragastric administration of 1.0 ml of a dichloroethane solution. At the same time, rats of the experimental group (n = 10) 1 hour before the introduction of di-chloroethane were injected with a solution of the drug “Hepaton” in the amount of 10 ml / kg body weight and then 1 time per day for 21 days after the use of toxicants [1]. On the 21st day after the administration of toxicants, a blood was drawn for a biochemi-cal study, which took into account the pa-rameters of the antioxidant system (diene conjugates (DC), ketodienes (CD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the level of endogenous intoxication (according to the content of MSM). Based on the results obtained, it can be con-cluded that the use of “Hepaton” in modeling acute toxic hepatitis made it possible to re-store the disturbed homeostasis of the labora-tory animal organism, the structure and in-tegrity of the hepatocyte membranes, inhibit lipid peroxidation as one of the links in the pathogenesis of hepatitis, stimulate antioxi-dant defense and power the endogenous anti-oxidant system of the body, bile formation and biliary excretion, as well as activate the reparative processes of the liver tissue at the cellular and intracellular levels.

The marker level of endogenous intoxication in the midst of bronchopneumonia and during the convalescence of calves

The research on the level of markers of endogenous intoxication in the midst of bronchopneumonia and during convalescence in calves was conducted in conditions of a complex for feeding young cattle. The experiment involved calves aged 4–5 months, group 1 – clinically healthy (n = 30), group 2 – animals with bronchopneumonia with moderate severity of the disease (n = 72) subjected to full treatment. Blood sampling was carried out the day the groups were formed (in calves from group 2, this is the period of “high disease”), as well as on days corresponding to days 1, 3, 6, 10, 13, 18, and 25 after the disappearance of specific symptoms of bronchopneumonia. From the markers of endogenous intoxication syndrome in the blood, the content of medium-weight molecules (AWM), the sorption capacity of erythrocytes, non-erythrocyte hemoglobin by the hemoglobin cyanide method, and malondialdehyde were determined. Studies have shown that in 37.5 % of those who have suffered, intoxication markers disappear within 10–13 days after completing the course of treatment, and in 41.7 % of calves after positive dynamics, the AWM level increases at 10–13 days at a wavelength of 237 nm, which indicates activation of the resorptive mechanism of autointoxication and the risk of relapse. At the same time, the dynamics of recovery processes in 20.8 % of patients who were ill was characterized by normalization of most of the studied parameters, but by maintaining an increased level of lipid peroxidation products and transmembrane hemoglobin loss, which can cause secondary anemia and re-illness.

Psoriasis Is Followed by Increased Level of Endogenous Intoxication

Psoriasis Is Followed by Increased Level of Endogenous Intoxication

Influence of the preparation “Prodevit-tetra” and “Nanovit” on endogenous intoxication of cows during the dry period

It is well known that medium-sized molecules (MSM) affect the tone of smooth muscle structures of organs and the transvascular transport system. MSM also can pass through placental barrier and intoxicate fetus, resulting in multiple organ damage. The goal of the work was to determine the level of endogenous intoxication in cow’s organism on the last trimester of pregnancy and under the influence of the “Prodovit-tetra” and “Nanovit” preparations, as well as calving process and after it. Experiment was conducted in LLC “Agroprodservice invest” of Ternopil oblast on the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. Biochemical studies conducted in the laboratory of veterinary obstetrics and gynecology of the Ternopil Research Station of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of the NAAS. One control and two experimental groups of animals were used for this experiment. Cows of the first experimental group received 15.0 ml of “Prodevit-tetra” preparation intramuscularly on the 35–25 day before calving. Blood was taken from the observed animals before and after administration of the medicines. The level of endogenous intoxication of the cow’s organism were determined by the concentration of MSM in their blood and prooxidant/antioxidant index. Concentration of MSM in the blood of cows after administration of “Prodevit-tetra” reduced by 41.0% and after administration of “Nanovit” containing metal nanoparticles – by 61.0% that promoted increase of prooxidant/antioxidant index by 1.7 and 2.3 times (Р ≤ 0.001) compered to initial indicators and indicated the positive effect of preparations on the cow’s organism. Application of the “Nanovit” preparation showed better result, therefore we can recommend it to be used in scheme to reduce intoxication of the cows during the dry period and to prevent postnatal pathology. The results of the experiment suggest that multivitamin complex “Nanovit” could be used for reducing of intoxication in the body of cows during dry period and to prevent postnatal pathology. In the future, we will study effect of the “Nanovit” preparation on the humoral immunity of cows in dry period and after calving and possibility of “Nanovit” usage in the system of prevention of obstetric pathology as well.

Dependence of dental status from the level of endogenous intoxication in chemical industry workers based on the oral fluid composition study

The aim of the study was to assess the dependence of dental status from the level of endogenous intoxication in chemical industry workers. Dental examination and analysis of the composition of the oral fluid were performed in 101 workers dealing with production of chlorophenoxyherbicides (CPH) and 100 individuals of the control group having no contact with harmful production factors. The survey revealed higher intensity of dental caries among workers (RR=1.2), which is in direct correlation with the duration and degree of contact with toxicants (rxy=+1.0). It is established that the incidence, intensity and severity of periodontitis are associated with the duration and degree of contact with CPH. The study also revealed an 80% reduction in antioxidant defense in workers. The level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in the main group was 4 times higher (p<0.01, RR=4), while oligopeptides of average molecular weight (OAMW) - 2.2 times higher than in controls (p<0.01; RR=2.2), indicating increased lipid peroxidation and endogenous intoxication of workers of chlororganic production. MDA and OAMW levels correlated positively with the degree of involvement in chlororganic production (MDA: RR=5.6; p<0.0; OAMW: RR=3; p<0.001; rxy=+0.894) and employment duration (MDA: RR=4.4; p<0.05; rxy=+of 0.922; OAMW: RR=2.4; p<0.01). The estimation of the parameters of oral fluid is a non-invasive method for screening for occupational intoxication and the formation of risk groups.

CHRONIC HEART FAILURE COURSE PROGNOSIS DEPENDING ON BODY WEIGHT AND ENDOGENOUS INTOXICATION SYNDROME

Introduction: Over the years, heart failure remains one of the most common and prognostically unfavorable conditions. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of complications in patients with CHF depending on the body weight and intoxication syndrome of varying degrees of severity. Materials and methods: A complete clinical examination was performed in 58 patients (41 (70.6%) men and 17 (29.4%) women) with CHF. In addition to the standard examination in accordance with the protocol, the level of endogenous intoxication was determined by the level of medium-weight molecules (MWM254) and leptin. The patients were randomized into 4 groups depending on their body mass index and the degree of endogenous intoxication. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the methods of variation statistics "Statistica 6.0". Results: It was revealed that the worst survival rate is observed in patients with normal body mass against the background of the expressed endogenous intoxication syndrome, the best survival rate is observed provided that there are a normal body mass and endogenous intoxication of a minimum degree. An inverse correlation between the body mass index and the endogenous intoxication indicator (blood MWM) was detected. Patients with CHF should have their leptin level evaluated. An increase in its level was associated with arterial hypertension, an increase in blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism disorders. Conclusions: Increased level of blood MWM worsens the forecast of CHF. The unfavorable outcome was observed in patients with the combination of hypoleptinemia with severe endogenous intoxication.

Integral indexes of intoxication in caninae coronaviridae enteritis

In this article to be spoken about indicators of action of coronaviridae on an organism of animals – qualitative and quan-titative characteristics of blood. These indicators change at many patological reactions and participate in ensuring nonspe-cific and specific resistance of an organism. With the help of the analysis of integral leukocyte indices based on the formula of blood reflecting the state of neurohumoral homeostasis and immunological reactivity of the organism, the violations were first discovered and established humoral and cellular links of the immune system, micro- and macrophage system, reduction of nonspecific protection of the organism and revealed connections between integral hematological parameters and immunity indexes in dogs with experimental and natural infection with coronavirus. In animals in the natural course of coronavirus enteritis there were changes in the indexes of intoxication: a significant increase in the leukocyte index of intoxication, the indicator of reactivity of the organism, the index of leukocyte shift of blood and the index of intoxication, and significant decrease in the nuclear index, the general index and the leukocyte index in indices of nonspecific reactivity, a significant increase in the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes, the ratio of neutrophils and monocytes, the ratio of eosinophils to leukocytes and the ratio of segmental neutrophils and bands neutrophils, a significant decrease in the ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes, the index of ratio of lymphocytes and eosinophils, the index of Garkavy, index allergy and immunoreactivity index in indexes of activity of inflammation, a significant decrease of the ratio of leukocytes and ЕSR, the lymphocytic granulocytic index and the ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes to the ESR. Experimental infection revealed changes in the indexes of intoxication: a significant increase in the leukocyte index of intoxication, the nuclear index and the index of blood leukocyte shift, a significant decrease in the indicator of reactivity of the organism, the general index, the leukocyte index and the indicator of intoxication in the indices of nonspecific reactivity, a significant increase in the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes to the index ratio of eosinophils to leukocytes, a significant decrease in the ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes, the index of ratio of lymphocytes and eosinophils, the Garkavy index, the ratio of segmental neutrophils and bands neutrophils and the index of immunoreactivity in the activity indices, a significant decrease in the ratio of leukocytes and ESR and lymphocytic granulocytic index. Integral hematological parameters of peripheral blood have been proved to increase the informative value of the general analysis of blood in dogs with infectious diseases and allow to determine not only the degree of reactivity of the organism, but also to assess the level of endogenous intoxication. Key words: coronavirus enteritis, natural infection, experimental infection, hematological indices.

LASER THERAPY FOR MANAGEMENT OF CEREBRAL DYSFUNCTION IN CASES OF ACUTE SEVERE PANCREATITIS

Background.A persistently high mortality rate of patients with pancreatitis is the result of multiple organ failure which is in many aspects associated with developing endogenous intoxication. Pancreatic encephalopathy is one of particular manifestations of this syndrome.Aim of study: to determine severity of cerebral dysfunction in cases of acute destructive pancreatitis, to assess the efficacy of laser therapy for this disease.Material and methods: The research is based on the results of clinical studies, carried out at the Republican Clinical Hospital No.3. Clinical laboratory analysis of 60 patients was conducted. The patients were randomly split into two equal groups: the comparison group (standard therapy) and the basic group (standard therapy and laser therapy). The patients were examined upon admission to hospital and in dynamics (day 1, 3, 5, and 7). The severity of cerebral dysfunction was assessed within controlled terms with the help of RASS and psychometric tests: number connection tests (A and B), “Point in circle”, “Labyrinth”, test of symbols and numbers. The level of endogenous intoxication was evaluated by the amount of hydrophilic (middle molecules) and hydrophobic (common and effective albumin concentration) component.Results. Acute severe pancreatitis led to a marked endogenous intoxication, which manifested itself as an increase in medium molecular weight peptides, decrease in common and effective albumin concentration, growth of toxicity index with regard to normal indices. During all research period the basic group (laser therapy) there was a decrease in medium molecular weight peptides, significant increase in common and effective albumin concentration and a decrease in index toxicity. Psychometric tests revealed a number of deviations from normal indices. At the beginning of the research, a reliable prolongation of time interval during examination tests (the number connection test B, “point in circle”, “Labyrinth”) was noted, and less cells were filled during symbol and number test with regard to normal indices. The subsequent analysis of psychometric tests of patients from the basic group revealed a shortening of time interval during number connection test block B, “Point in circle” and “Labyrinth”. More filled cells during symbol and numbers test were also observed.Conclusion. Results of psychometric tests confirmed latent encephalopathy during endogenous intoxication, associated with acute severe pancreatitis. The laser therapy as a component of complex treatment promotes to decrease severity of endogenous intoxication and manifestation of encephalopathy.

Ендоскопічні методи дренування хронічних абсцесів легенів та оцінка їх ефективності за допомогою сонографії

Мета. Оцінити за допомогою сонографії ефективність ендоскопічних методів дренування хронічних абсцесів легенів.&#x0D; Матеріали і методи. На базі клініки Інституту проведено обстеження та лікування 98 хворих з хронічними абсцесами легенів. Хворих розподілили на дві групи: основну та порівняльну. Хворим основної групи разом із протизапальними препаратами системно та місцево призначали ліпосомальний препарат ліпін. У хворих порівняльної групи застосовували cтандартні методи.&#x0D; Результати. Ефективність ендоскопічного дренування порожнини хронічних абсцесів доведена позитивною ультразвуковою (УЗ) динамікою в більш ранні строки, ніж у разі застосування стандартних методів лікування. На підставі аналізу лабораторних показників встановлено суттєвий позитивний вплив застосованої методики на зниження рівня показників ендогенної інтоксикації.&#x0D; Висновки. Результати свідчать про ефективність запропонованого методу ендоскопічного дренування порожнини хронічного абсцесу разом із комбінованою протизапальною терапією з використанням препарату ліпін та його перевагу перед стандартними схемами лікування.

Importance of detoxification capacity of albumin for assessing state of gastric cancer patients and effective treatment planning.

34 Background: The aim of the study was measuring biochemical indices reflecting endotoxicosis syndrome in gastric cancer patients with adenocarcinoma of different grades and signet ring cell carcinoma. Methods: The study included 67 patients with gastric cancer divided into 4 groups depending on the tumor histotype: well- and moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma (G1-2); poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma (G3); signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC); combined gastric tumors; and 12 healthy donors. The content of medium mass molecules (MMM254 and MMM280), total and effective albumin concentrations (TCA and ECA), toxicity index (IT = TCA/ECA-1) and intoxication factor (IF = MMM254/ECA⋅1000) were used to assess the level of endogenous intoxication. The Statistika 6.0 software package was used. Results: IT, reflecting the functional state of the albumin molecule, significantly exceeded the level in donors: by 2.3 times in G1-2, by 3.3 times in G3, by 3.2 times in SRCC (p &lt; 0.01-0.001), by 2.2 times in mixed tumors (p &lt; 0.05). The greatest increase in IT – by 4.6 times – was observed in patients with serosal invasion and tumor spread to the adjacent structures (T4 in the TNM classification). IF, which is an integral indicator of endotoxemia, in all groups of patients was significantly (p &lt; 0.01-0.00001) higher than in donors. The increase was 55.2% in patients with G1-2, 132.7% for G3, 234.6% for T4, 66.8% for SRCC, and 59.6% for mixed tumors. The dynamic observation of patients showed that a sharp increase in the studied parameters was followed by relapses. Conclusions: The increase in IT and IF in all groups of patients indicated an enhancement of endotoxemia in gastric tumors, mainly due to the decreased detoxification capacity of albumin, as high levels of MMM were observed only in some patients. The changes were significantly more expressed in patients with G3, with the maximal changes in all the studied endotoxicosis parameters in T4. The results demonstrated the diagnostic significance of the detoxification ability of albumin for the evaluation of the state of gastric cancer patients and for the adequate treatment planning.

POSSIBILITIES OF THE CORRECTION OF ENDOGENOUS INTOXICATION DURING CHEMOTHERAPY IN GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER PATIENTS

Introduction. The application of efferent therapy (extracorporeal therapy) now becomes relevant due to the individual intolerance to various drugs, side effects of a great many of drugs, which is especially important when treating onco-gynecological pathology, often accompanied by the development of endogenous intoxication. The purpose of the study is the evaluation of the state of the system of endotoxemia in gynecological cancer patients under treatment by certain types of chemotherapy with the use of extracorporeal approaches. Material and Methods. In the blood of 86 ovarian cancer patients under a neoadjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy conducted on protein concentrate of ascitic fluid and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with prior plasma exchange, as well as in 16 patients with cervical cancer at chemoimmunotherapy on autologous blood there were investigated indices of endogenous intoxication, reflecting the level of endotoxins and functional state of albumin. Results. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy on ascites protein concentrate obtained with the use of filtration detoxification was established to have a considerably lower toxicity as compared with the standard procedure of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Chemotherapy conducted on autologous media with the inclusion of ronkoleukine and reaferon eliminates the toxic effects of cytostatic agents by the restoration of the functional activity of the albumin molecule. Application of plasmapheresis before neoadjuvant polychemotherapy declines the exertion in the endotoxemia system in gynecological cancer patients. Conclusion. The use of extracorporeal methods of the therapy and body fluids as a medium for cytostatics allows to decline the level of endogenous intoxication in patients with gynecological cancer.

ENDOGENOUS INTOXICATION IN ANIMALS OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS IN CASE OF POLYTRAUMA

Background. Associated injury is a worldwide social and economic problem. Age related aspects of endogenous intoxication are not studied comprehensively. Annually, from 44 000 to 65 000 citizens die because of traumatic injuries. As a result, this number increased by 32.6% for the last 10 years. The detoxification system, as a component of the functional systems of the organism, experiences significant changes in case of polytrauma.Objective. The study was aimed to discover pathogenetic peculiarities of the multiple trauma in age aspect in different disease periods and to explore the level of endogenous intoxication in this condition.Methods. The experiments were performed on 72 white male rats aged 3, 6 and 12 months, which underwent simulation of severe skeletal trauma and examination of the contents of middle mass molecules and endogenous intoxication index (markers of endogenous intoxication) in 1, 4 and 24 hours after the associated injury.Results. The most significant increase of the middle mass molecules was fixed in 24 hours after modeling of severe skeletal injuries in all groups of animals, especially it was the most pronounced in 12-month-old animals. The erythrocyte intoxication index reached the highest level in 4 hours after the injury, its increase was most significant in sexually mature adult animals.Conclusion. A significant increasing of endogenous intoxication markers in 12-month-old rats, if compared to 3- and 6-month-old animals, can be caused by the decrease in compensatory protection mechanisms.